Quartz Mining Waste for Concrete Production: Environment and Public Health

High consumption of freshwater and natural aggregate in concrete production becomes a matter of some concern that has been discussed recent years. An alternative partially or totally replacement for both materials is significant issue to reduce the negative impacts on the environment. Therefore, the aim of this research is to observe explicitly the effect of using seawater as mixing combined with recycled coarse aggregate and other material to make new recycled aggregate concrete (RAC) under compressive load. The experimental laboratory test was conducted to total of thirty cylinders specimens of two to groups of mix design with w/c of 0.45. First was three types of percentage level of recycled coarse aggregate with targeted compressive strength of 25 MPa. The second was two types of mixtures and totally replaced by recycled coarse aggregate with targeted compressive strength of 30 MPa. Some specimens were mixed by seawater and all were placed in the freshwater-curing during some definite period of 7 and 28 days. The results show that the seawater and recycle aggregate were not significant influence to reduce the compression strength for first mix category, while the second mix category was having great influence up to 22% at 28 days. The reduction in compressive strength increases with an increase the targeted compressive load.

Download Full-text

Evaluation of the Effects of Coarse Aggregate Sizes on Concrete Quality

European Journal of Engineering Research and Science ◽

10.24018/ejers.2017.2.10.470 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2 (10) ◽

pp. 1 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Lawrence Echefulechukwu Obi

Keyword(s):

Compressive Strength ◽

Coarse Aggregate ◽

Aggregate Size ◽

Test Results ◽

Construction Sites ◽

Coarse Aggregates ◽

Appreciable Increase ◽

Concrete Production ◽

Concrete Quality

This work was necessitated by the observations made at construction sites where artisans and craftsmen were left alone in concrete production. It was discovered that they used inadequate quantity and size of coarse aggregates due to difficulty associated in the mixing as if the coarse aggregates were not needed in concrete production. The research has established that the coarse aggregates and their sizes play critical roles in the development of adequate strength in concrete. It was observed that with proper mixing, the slump test results did not witness shear or collapse type of slump rather there were true slump in all cases of the test. The workability decreased with slight differences when the coarse aggregate size was increased. The increase in the coarse aggregates yielded appreciable increase in the compressive strength. It can therefore be inferred that the quality of concrete in terms of strength can be enhanced through an increase in the coarse aggregate size when proper mix ratio, batching, mixing, transporting, placing and finishings are employed in concrete productions.

Download Full-text

Effects of the Variety and Content of Natural Pozzolan Coarse Aggregate on the Thermo-Mechanical Properties of Concrete

Biointerface Research in Applied Chemistry ◽

10.33263/briac124.54055415 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (4) ◽

pp. 5405-5415

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Thermal Conductivity ◽

Compressive Strength ◽

Coarse Aggregate ◽

The Other ◽

Natural Pozzolan ◽

Coarse Aggregates ◽

Natural Aggregate ◽

Middle Atlas

The present study investigated the effects of the variety and content of three natural pozzolan coarse aggregates on concrete. Natural pozzolan aggregates have been obtained from three volcanoes (Boutagrouine, Timahdite, and Jbel Hebri) located in the Middle Atlas region in Morocco. The three pozzolans studied were characterized, and then a comparison was made by replacing the natural aggregate with the pozzolan aggregate in the concrete in different percentages, namely 25, 50, and 100 % in volume. The results showed that the variety and content of pozzolan aggregate have a significant impact on the properties of concrete, primarily caused by the characterization of pozzolan aggregate. The density of concrete decreases with the addition of pozzolan aggregate, which decreases depending on the type of pozzolan aggregate used. The highest compressive strength was measured in the concrete specimens prepared with aggregate BP while the lowest compressive strength was noted in the concrete specimens prepared with aggregate RP. On the other hand, the substitution of NA at 100% by BP, GP, and RP aggregates leads to a decrease in the thermal conductivity of about 67%, 62%, and 55% respectively.

Download Full-text

Experimental Study on Light Weight Concrete Using Coconut Shell and Fly Ash

International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology ◽

10.22214/ijraset.2022.39896 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 752-758

Author(s):

Barkha Verma

Keyword(s):

Compressive Strength ◽

Fly Ash ◽

Coarse Aggregate ◽

Lightweight Concrete ◽

Fresh Concrete ◽

Industrial Wastes ◽

Coconut Shell ◽

Fine Aggregate ◽

Concrete Production ◽

Coconut Shells

Abstract: Aggregates provide volume at low cost, comprising 66% to 78% of the concrete. With increasing concern over the excessive exploitation of natural and quality aggregates, the aggregate produced from industrial wastes and agricultural wastes is the viable new source for building material. This study was carried out to determine the possibilities of using coconut shells as aggregate in concrete. Utilizing coconut shells as aggregate in concrete production not only solves the problem of disposing of this solid waste but also helps conserve natural resources. In this paper, the physical properties of crushed coconut shell aggregate were presented. The fresh concrete properties such as the density and slump and 28 days compressive strength of lightweight concrete made with coconut shell as coarse aggregate were also presented. The findings indicate that water absorption of the coconut shell aggregate was high about 24% but crushing value and impact value were comparable to that of other lightweight aggregates. The average fresh concrete density and 28days cube compressive strength of the concrete using coconut shell aggregate 1975kg/m3 and 19.1 N/mm2 respectively. It is concluded that crushed coconut shell is suitable when it is used as a substitute for conventional aggregates in lightweight concrete production. Keywords: Coarse Aggregate, Cement, Concrete, Fly Ash, Coconut shell Aggregate, Water, Compressive Strength, Workability, Fine Aggregate.

Download Full-text

The Application of Waste Marble as Coarse Aggregate in Concrete Production

Scientific Research Journal ◽

10.24191/srj.v15i1.9357 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

pp. 75

Author(s):

Kok Yung Chang ◽

Wai Hoe Kwan ◽

Hui Bun Kua

Keyword(s):

Compressive Strength ◽

Coarse Aggregate ◽

Maximum Size ◽

Pulse Velocity ◽

Chloride Penetration ◽

Sustainable Construction ◽

Replacement Level ◽

Optimum Result ◽

Concrete Production ◽

Production Industry

The massive growth of construction industry especially in the developing countries results in extensive quarrying activities which ultimately would lead to the depletion of natural resources. Apart from extensive extraction of the natural granite from the earth for concrete production, marble production industry is also majorly contributing to the quarrying activities. In addition, high volume of waste is generated by the marble production industry as 70% of marble is wasted during the production such as quarrying, cutting, processing and others which is environmental unfriendly. In a way to achieve sustainable construction, the present study is to utilise the waste marble in replacing the coarse aggregate in concrete production. The engineering performance including workability, compressive strength, ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV) and chloride penetration were analysed. The raw waste marble obtained from the industry were crushed and sieved into maximum size 20 mm and used to replace the coarse aggregate at the level of 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% and 100% respectively. Results show that 60% of the replacement level has yield to optimum result by achieving the highest compressive strength and UPV at approximate 5% higher than the control. Meanwhile, the effect on chloride penetration resistance is more significant, i.e. approximate 19% better than the control. However, increasing the replacement level of waste marble has no significant effect on workability, although an increasing trend was observed.

Download Full-text

Influence and Possibility of Using Limestone Dust Replacement of Sand for Sustainability in Concrete Production

Applied Science and Engineering Progress ◽

10.14416/j.asep.2021.11.002 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Nuttawut Intaboot ◽

Kriangkrai Chartboot

Keyword(s):

Compressive Strength ◽

Local Governments ◽

Coarse Aggregate ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Fine Aggregate ◽

Concrete Mix Design ◽

Concrete Production ◽

Compressive Strength Test ◽

Limestone Dust ◽

Porous Microstructures

This paper aimed to assess the potential of using limestone dust to replace sand at levels of 0, 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100% by weight. Concrete mix design for cement : fine aggregate : coarse aggregate was 1: 2 : 4 and 0.40, 0.50, 0.60 water-to-cement ratios were used. The study started by testing the basic properties of the material. The compressive strength test was done with curing for 7, 14, 21 and 28 days and modulus of elasticity of concrete at 28 days, after which the microstructural properties of concrete modified with limestone dust were investigated. The study found that the concrete had better workability when increasing the limestone dust content. The incorporation of 40% limestone dust at 0.50 water-to-cement ratios was found to improve the compressive strength of the concrete and resulted in the maximum compressive strength. However, high levels of replacement lead to porous microstructures. Moreover, the use of limestone dust in concrete production tends to be more cost-effective. Therefore, the results of this research seemingly provide confirmation and support for the utilization of these waste materials by reducing the use of natural resources. Further, it is a goal of local governments to help promote the value of limestone dust for future use.

Download Full-text

Influence of Morphology of Cathode-Ray Tube Glass as Coarse Aggregates on Compressive Strength and Water Absorption of Concrete

Solid State Phenomena ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.280.399 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 280 ◽

pp. 399-409

Author(s):

Nurul Noraziemah Mohd Pauzi ◽

Maslina Jamil ◽

Roszilah Hamid ◽

Muhammad Fauzi Mohd Zain

Keyword(s):

Compressive Strength ◽

Water Absorption ◽

Coarse Aggregate ◽

Capillary Water ◽

Capillary Water Absorption ◽

Coarse Aggregates ◽

Concrete Properties ◽

Concrete Production ◽

Cathode Ray Tube ◽

Texture Size

The study on the substitution for natural coarse aggregates using waste CRT funnel glass in spherically shapes is still limited. In this paper, the waste CRT glass has been processed to form a spherical CRT glass (GS) and crushed CRT glass (GC), which were used as a coarse aggregate in concrete production. Results indicated that the inclusion of GS and GC has lower the compressive strength and decreased the rate of capillary water absorption of concrete. It was demonstrated that the morphology properties of GS and GC (shape, surface texture, size, grading) is significantly affected the concrete properties.

Download Full-text

The Application of Waste Marble as Coarse Aggregate in Concrete Production

Scientific Research Journal ◽

10.24191/srj.v15i1.4171 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

pp. 75

Author(s):

KOK YUNG CHANG ◽

WAI HOE KWAN ◽

HUI BUN KUA

Keyword(s):

Compressive Strength ◽

Coarse Aggregate ◽

Maximum Size ◽

Pulse Velocity ◽

Chloride Penetration ◽

Sustainable Construction ◽

Replacement Level ◽

Optimum Result ◽

Concrete Production ◽

Production Industry

The massive growth of construction industry especially in the developing countries results in extensive quarrying activities which ultimately would lead to the depletion of natural resources. Apart from extensive extraction of the natural granite from the earth for concrete production, marble production industry is also majorly contributing to the quarrying activities. In addition, high volume of waste is generated by the marble production industry as 70% of marble is wasted during the production such as quarrying, cutting, processing and others which is environmental unfriendly. In a way to achieve sustainable construction, the present study is to utilise the waste marble in replacing the coarse aggregate in concrete production. The engineering performance including workability, compressive strength, ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV) and chloride penetration were analysed. The raw waste marble obtained from the industry were crushed and sieved into maximum size 20 mm and used to replace the coarse aggregate at the level of 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% and 100% respectively. Results show that 60% of the replacement level has yield to optimum result by achieving the highest compressive strength and UPV at approximate 5% higher than the control. Meanwhile, the effect on chloride penetration resistance is more significant, i.e. approximate 19% better than the control. However, increasing the replacement level of waste marble has no significant effect on workability, although an increasing trend was observed.

Download Full-text

Effect of Detergent on Concrete prepared with Periwinkle shell as Coarse Aggregate

Materials Science Forum ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.1034.179 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1034 ◽

pp. 179-186

Author(s):

Munachiso C. Ogbodo ◽

Akpabot Ifiok Akpabot

Keyword(s):

Compressive Strength ◽

Specific Gravity ◽

Bulk Density ◽

Coarse Aggregate ◽

Lightweight Concrete ◽

Hard Water ◽

Grain Size Analysis ◽

Size Analysis ◽

Concrete Production ◽

Periwinkle Shell

The use of the periwinkle shell in the production of lightweight concrete has been studied and accepted to be used for concrete works. Hard water containing detergent-like chemicals has been observed to be used in mixing locally produced concrete. This exploratory study is on the effect of water mixed with detergent in a concrete prepared with the periwinkle shell as a coarse aggregate. A total of 27 concrete cubes of size 150mmx150mmx150mm were prepared in the laboratory with a mix ratio of 1:2:4. A water-cement ratio of 0.4 was used with the addition of detergent at varying percentages (0%, 0.3% and 0.6). The cubes were cured in water and tested at 7days, 14days and 28days respectively. Laboratory tests, which includes bulk density, specific gravity, grain size analysis, slump and the compressive strength test was carried out on the aggregates and concrete. The periwinkle shell had a bulk density of 1440kg/m3and a specific gravity of 2.50. The workability tested revealed that the slump values increased with increase in the percentages of detergent. The compressive strength at 28days and at 0.3% and 0.6% were 12.58N/mm2 and 14.06N/mm2 respectively. It was observed that the compressive strength decreased with the addition of detergent because of the tiny air bubbles introduced into the concrete by the detergent. From the results of the study, it can safely be concluded that the use of detergent contaminated water in concrete production will reduce its compressive strength and increase its workability.

Download Full-text

The Behavior of Construction Waste Concrete

Key Engineering Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.471-472.449 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 471-472 ◽

pp. 449-454

Author(s):

Shu Ing Doh ◽

C.H. Koid ◽

G.Y. Ng ◽

S.H. Teo ◽

Suil Adilen

Keyword(s):

Compressive Strength ◽

Flexural Strength ◽

Coarse Aggregate ◽

Rapid Development ◽

Concrete Aggregate ◽

Construction Waste ◽

Optimum Result ◽

Crushed Concrete ◽

Concrete Production ◽

Floor Tiles

Due to urbanisation and rapid development in Malaysia, the waste generated from the construction has increased tremendously. Such waste accumulation has been a major issue not only in Malaysia but also worldwide. In line with this, recycling construction as coarse aggregate can be introduced to solve two environmental aspects namely waste disposal crisis while protecting from depleted natural resources. In this study, three types of construction waste namely floor tiles, clay bricks and crushed concrete aggregate were used to replace coarse aggregate in concrete production. The effect of coarse aggregate replacement on the workability, compressive strength, and flexural strength Grade 30 concrete were investigated and discussed. The concrete specimens that made of crushed floor tiles, crushed bricks, and crushed concrete aggregate were termed as tile concrete (TC), brick concrete (BC) and crushed aggregate concrete (CAC). The result for all specimens has shown good workability with slump ranging from 51-85 mm. BC showed optimum brick replacement of 17% with the 28-day compressive strength of 36 N/mm2. TC and CAC on the other hand showed optimum result at 20% and 16% replacement with 28-day compressive strength of 31.43 N/mm2 and 31.25 N/mm2 respectively. It can be concluded that optimum result for BC, TC and CAC have achieve concrete G30. The flexural strength of BC, TC and CAC ranges from 3.03-4.49 N/mm2, 3.62-4.60 N/mm2, and 4.05-5.43 N/mm2.

Download Full-text