scholarly journals Nowcasting Entrepreneurship: Urban Third Place versus the Creative Class

2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 763
Author(s):  
Li Fang ◽  
Timothy Slaper
Keyword(s):  
Creative Class ◽  
Entrepreneurship Policy ◽  
Third Places ◽  
Third Place ◽  
Activity Data ◽  
Online Activity ◽  
Competitive Edge ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Browsing Behavior ◽  
Business Formation

Researchers have long debated whether entrepreneurship policy should focus on place or people. In this paper, we extend the place-based versus people-based theories using contemporaneous and geographically granular web-user online activity data to predict a region’s proclivity for entrepreneurship. We compare two theoretical hypotheses: the urban third places—informal gathering locations—that facilitate social interaction and entrepreneurship, in contrast to the creative class which fosters entrepreneurial energy and opportunity in a region. Specifically, we assess whether business formation has a stronger statistical relationship with the browsing behavior of individuals visiting websites associated with third place locations—e.g., restaurants or bars—or the concentration of web browsing behavior associated with “the creative class”. Using U.S. county-level data, we find that both urban third places and the creative class can predict about 70% of the variations in regional business formation, with the creative class having a slight competitive edge.

scholarly journals Third Places and Art Spaces: Using Web Activity to Differentiate Cultural Dimensions of Entrepreneurship Across U.S. Regions

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy F. Slaper ◽  
Alyssa Bianco ◽  
Peter Lenz
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Dimensions ◽  
Business Growth ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Third Places ◽  
Online Activity ◽  
Marketing Analytics ◽  
Regional Interest ◽  
Statistical Relationships ◽  
Start Ups ◽  
Business Formation

We use unconventional data to assess regional entrepreneurial activitytogether with regional variations in personality (or culture) driving differencesin business formation as advanced by Obschonka et al. (2015). In this paper,we expand recent research using virtually contemporaneous, andgeographically granular, user online activity to estimate a region’s proclivityfor entrepreneurship. We assess the statistical relationships between businessformation, operationalized as establishment births, and the web activityassociated with a user’s interest in “third places” – informal gathering andmixing locations – and sites related to arts, music and design – “arts spaces.”We operationalize interest in and association with third places and arts spacesby the website activity geographically based in U.S. ZIP codes. Initiallydeveloped for marketing analytics, these data are derived by severalproprietary algorithms that create consumer profiles based on a person’spurchase interests, hobbies, activities or topical preferences as expressed byweb activity.Controlling for regional interest in entrepreneurship related web resources,we find that interest in third places and art spaces can explain more than halfof the variation in regional business formation. Establishing that regions witha high concentration of consumer interest in third places and art spaces mayattract the attention of would be entrepreneurs as desirable places to live, workand explore business opportunities may help address the critical missingingredient in regions with lower rates of start-ups and business growth.

Online Third Places: Supporting Well-Being Through Identifying and Managing Unintended Consequences

2021 ◽  
pp. 109467052110188
Author(s):  
Joy Parkinson ◽  
Lisa Schuster ◽  
Rory Mulcahy
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Unintended Consequences ◽  
Abductive Reasoning ◽  
Service Research ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Management Service ◽  
Consumer Empowerment ◽  
Online Service ◽  
Third Places ◽  
Third Place

Unintended consequences of service are important yet infrequently examined in transformative service research. This research examines an online service community that transformed into an online third place, with consumers socializing and forming lasting relationships. Using practice-informed theory-building and an abductive reasoning approach, findings are presented from both manual and automated coding of three qualitative data sets that form the basis of a case study examining an online weight management service forum. Extending beyond current conceptualizations of the third place, this study is the first to propose a framework delineating online third place characteristics and their impact on consumers’ eudaimonic (the capacity for self-realization) and hedonic (attainment of pleasure and avoidance of pain) well-being. Findings show that in the absence of a physical or virtual servicescape, social factors including social density, equity, and personalization are key to constructing an online third place that supports well-being through building social connections and enjoyment. The new framework provides guidance for service managers to transform their online service communities into online third places to support consumer well-being and to identify and manage potential unintended consequences, for example, by ensuring segmentation of the community based on consumer groups’ shared interests and consumer empowerment through participation.

scholarly journals The Contribution Transport Time Makes to Outdoor Programs: A Third Place?

2021 ◽  
pp. 105382592110190
Author(s):  
Chris North ◽  
Simon Beames ◽  
Toby Stanton ◽  
Bacon Chan
Keyword(s):  
Outdoor Education ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Field Trips ◽  
Third Places ◽  
Third Place ◽  
Transport Time ◽  
Low Profile ◽  
Broad Variety ◽  
Outdoor Programs ◽  
Outdoor Educators

Background: During transport to and from outdoor education field trips, students experience a period of togetherness and minimal imposed structure. Transport time also appears to align with Oldenburg’s third places, where people spend time together without a particular agenda. Purpose: To examine educators’ perspectives on the contribution that transport time makes to OE programs through an analysis featuring the characteristics of third places. Methodology/Approach: The perspectives of 16 outdoor educators (four each from New Zealand, Australia, Hong Kong, and Scotland) were gathered using a semi-structured interview protocol. Data were analyzed using a deductive process based on the third place characteristics; four unforeseen themes also emerged. Findings/Conclusions: Findings highlighted the centrality of conversation between students and between students and educators; the low profile of transport time; and a sense of excitement and fun. Students controlled the intensity of their “presence” through the use of devices (where allowed) and by selecting their sitting position in the vehicle. Implications: The findings show that transport time allowed students to have a broad variety of conversations that could be variously silly and fun, deep and introspective. Educators are encouraged to more carefully consider the contribution that transport time makes to their programs.

Was Duverger Correct? Single-Member District Election Outcomes in Fifty-three Countries

2012 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 201-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew M. Singer
Keyword(s):  
Institutional Arrangements ◽  
District Level ◽  
Party Competition ◽  
Plurality Rule ◽  
Third Place ◽  
Institutional Rules ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Number Of Parties ◽  
Duverger's Law

In districts where only one seat is contested, the electoral formula (plurality or majority) should be a major determinant of the number of parties that receive votes. Specifically, plurality rule should generate two-party competition while other institutional arrangements should generate electoral fragmentation. Yet tests of these propositions using district-level data have focused on a limited number of cases; they rarely contrast different electoral systems and have reached mixed conclusions. This study analyses district-level data from 6,745 single-member district election contests from 53 democratic countries to test the evidence for Duverger's Law and Hypothesis. Double-ballot majoritarian systems have large numbers of candidates, as predicted, but while the average outcome under plurality rule is generally consistent with two-party competition, it is not perfectly so. The two largest parties typically dominate the districts (generally receiving more than 90 per cent of the vote), and there is very little support for parties finishing fourth or worse. Yet third-place parties do not completely disappear, and ethnic divisions shape party fragmentation levels, even under plurality rule. Finally, institutional rules that generate multiparty systems elsewhere in the country increase electoral fragmentation in single-member plurality districts.

scholarly journals MUSEUMS BEYOND WALLS IN THE CONTEXT OF THE THIRD PLACE’S CONCEPT

Muzealnictwo ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 59 ◽  
pp. 123-131
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Jagodzińska
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Open Space ◽  
Museum Of Modern Art ◽  
Great Good ◽  
Third Places ◽  
Third Place ◽  
The Third ◽  
Gathering Place ◽  
Ray Oldenburg ◽  
Coffee Shops

The article focuses on museums’ activity that reaches beyond the walls of their premises in the context of a concept of the so-called third place. The third place – as a gathering place which is neither one’s home, i.e. first place, nor workplace, i.e. second place – was described by an American sociologist Ray Oldenburg in 1999 in his book The Great Good Place: Cafes, Coffee Shops, Bookstores, Bars, Hair Salons, and Other Hangouts at the Heart of a Community. Three study cases have been used in the article: Museum Forum (project carried out by the National Museum in Kraków), Bródno Sculpture Park (project co-conducted by the Museum of Modern Art in Warsaw), and the method of work implemented by the Ethnographic Museum in Kraków, including in particular the project Dzikie Planty (Wild “Planty” Park). I discuss assumptions the projects have been based on, how they fit in an overall strategy of the museums, and reasons why they have been undertaken. Finally, I wonder whether having been conducted in a fully accessible public space and conducive to users’ interaction make it justified to categorise them as the third places in the meaning given by Oldenburg. Although Oldenburg’s concept has been regarded by museum theorists as not applicable to museums, I have come to the conclusion that projects conducted by museums in a non-committal context of an open space meet the conditions the third places do.

scholarly journals The impact of national social capital on business creation rates in the formal vs informal sectors

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (8) ◽  
pp. 1739-1768
Author(s):  
Mai Thi Thanh Thai ◽  
Ekaterina Turkina ◽  
Amon Simba
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Policy Development ◽  
National Level ◽  
Formal Sector ◽  
Entrepreneurship Policy ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Business Creation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Business Formation

PurposeThrough utilizing social capital as an overarching concept, the purpose of this article is to investigate cross-country rates of business formation in the formal vs informal sectors. Plus, empirically assess the impact of social capital constructs on the national rates of entrepreneurship.Design/methodology/approachAdopting a regression-oriented methodology, partial least squares (PLS), the study used a sample comprising 50 nations. National rates of registered and nonregistered business creation were utilized as endogenous variables. To determine the indigenous variables, constructs of social capital were measured which is consistent with the World Value Survey (WWS).FindingsThe results of this study show that in the formal and the informal sectors, social networking enables business creation with varying levels of impact. It establishes that institutional trust has a negative effect on informal business creation and a positive effect on business registration; interpersonal trust drives entrepreneurship in the informal sector but has less impact on business registration; norms of trustworthiness are related to business registration than informal business creation.Practical implicationsThe findings of this research have theoretical and practical implications. They stimulate academic debate on the application of social capital constructs at the national level. The indications that social capital promotes business formation in both the informal and formal sectors can influence entrepreneurship policy development in many countries.Originality/valueThe originality of the results of this study lies in how it conceptualizes social capital as having direct impact on business creation in the informal vs formal sector. Thus, the findings elevated the conceptualization of social capital to the national level thereby enhancing knowledge on the entrepreneurship process as well as developmental economics.

scholarly journals Transforming everyday public places into thriving third places

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Kieran Wells
Keyword(s):  
Urban Design ◽  
Design Principles ◽  
Public Realm ◽  
Central Question ◽  
Third Places ◽  
Third Place ◽  
Public Places ◽  
Place Theory ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Core

<p>By exploring interactions between architecture, urban design and sociology, this thesis seeks to highlight the disconnection between these disciplines and how they can be integrated into a robust framework. The central question driving this investigation is how integrating third place theory with urban design principles can support and nurture communities within the public realm. In order to achieve this, the thesis outlines third place theory in conjunction with the core urban design principles and highlights the benefits and value by bringing these together. The outcome is an integrated novel framework that effectively brings these bodies of knowledge together.</p>

scholarly journals RUANG FOTOGRAFI DI KEDOYA SELATAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 297
Author(s):  
Naomi Patricia ◽  
Budi Adelar Sukada
Keyword(s):  
Mass Media ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Creative Class ◽  
Documentary Photography ◽  
Technological Changes ◽  
Third Place ◽  
The World ◽  
Community Growth ◽  
Gathering Place

Third place is a place other than home (first place) or office/school (second place), where visitors can spend time and feel welcomed. Third place is no longer just a relaxing recreation place; third place has become part of our overall lifestyle. In that case, we need to realize that for some people, especially those in the creative class, third place is actually an non-negotiable asset. The development of photography in Indonesia is currently experiencing rapid development, both in terms of economic and community growth. This development began in the early 2000s, with the start of film cameras with digital sensors. This certainly makes it easier for camera users to not bother to print photos just to see the work that has been captured.Photography is one of the mass media that has become popular among teenagers. The existence of technological changes that make it easier for humans to demonstrate their artistic skills by using photography, so that photography can affect the lives of people throughout the world. Photography itself has always been inseparable from human life, other than as a documentary, photography itself is art, the art of creativity using light. So no wonder many rapid developments. This third place project aims to facilitate people who have an interest in photography, provide facilities in the form of a gathering place that can function as a channel for visitors' interest and creativity, and increase the Creative Economy’s sector. AbstrakThird place (tempat ketiga) adalah tempat selain rumah (first place/tempat pertama) atau kantor maupun sekolah (second place/tempat kedua), di mana pengunjung dapat menghabiskan waktu dan merasa disambut. Third place tidak lagi hanya berupa tempat rekreasi santai; third place telah menjadi bagian dari gaya hidup kita secara keseluruhan. Dalam hal itu kita perlu menyadari bahwa bagi sebagian orang, terutama yang berada di kelas kreatif, third place sebenarnya menjadi aset yang tidak bisa dinegosiasikan. Perkembangan fotografi di Indonesia saat ini mengalami perkembangan yang pesat, baik dari segi ekonomis dan pertumbuhan komunitasnya. Perkembangan tersebut dimulai sejak era awal tahun 2000-an, dengan mulainya kamera berfilmkan menggunakan sensor digital. Hal ini tentu memudahkan pengguna kamera untuk tidak bersusah payah mencetak foto hanya untuk sekedar melihat karya yang telah diabadikan. Fotografi merupakan salah satu media massa yang menjadi populer di kalangan remaja. Adanya perubahan teknologi yang memudahkan manusia untuk menunjukkan keterampilan seninya dengan menggunakan fotografi, sehingga fotografi dapat mempengaruhi kehidupan masyarakat di seluruh dunia. Fotografi itu sendiri memang sejak dulu tidak dapat dipisahkan dari kehidupan manusia, selain sebagai dokumenter, fotografi itu sendiri adalah seni, seni kreatifitas menggunakan cahaya. Maka tak heran banyak perkembangan yang pesat. Proyek third place ini memiliki tujuan untuk memfasilitasi masyarakat yang memiliki minat terhadap fotografi, menyediakan fasilitas berupa tempat untuk berkumpul yang dapat berfungsi sebagai penyalur minat-bakat dan kreatifitas pengunjung, serta meningkatkan sektor Ekonomi Kreatif (Ekraf).

scholarly journals Discriminable Multi-Label Attribute Selection for Pre-Course Student Performance Prediction

Entropy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (10) ◽  
pp. 1252
Author(s):  
Jie Yang ◽  
Shimin Hu ◽  
Qichao Wang ◽  
Simon Fong
Keyword(s):  
Student Performance ◽  
Performance Prediction ◽  
Attribute Reduction ◽  
Warning System ◽  
Attribute Selection ◽  
Activity Data ◽  
Online Activity ◽  
Teacher Student ◽  
Important Relationship ◽  
Real World Datasets

The university curriculum is a systematic and organic study complex with some immediate associated steps; the initial learning of each semester’s course is crucial, and significantly impacts the learning process of subsequent courses and further studies. However, the low teacher–student ratio makes it difficult for teachers to consistently follow up on the detail-oriented learning situation of individual students. The extant learning early warning system is committed to automatically detecting whether students have potential difficulties—or even the risk of failing, or non-pass reports—before starting the course. Previous related research has the following three problems: first of all, it mainly focused on e-learning platforms and relied on online activity data, which was not suitable for traditional teaching scenarios; secondly, most current methods can only proffer predictions when the course is in progress, or even approaching the end; thirdly, few studies have focused on the feature redundancy in these learning data. Aiming at the traditional classroom teaching scenario, this paper transforms the pre-class student performance prediction problem into a multi-label learning model, and uses the attribute reduction method to scientifically streamline the characteristic information of the courses taken and explore the important relationship between the characteristics of the previously learned courses and the attributes of the courses to be taken, in order to detect high-risk students in each course before the course begins. Extensive experiments were conducted on 10 real-world datasets, and the results proved that the proposed approach achieves better performance than most other advanced methods in multi-label classification evaluation metrics.

Social Capital and Third Places Through the Internet

2011 ◽  
pp. 1904-1923
Author(s):  
Duncan Timms ◽  
Sara Ferlander
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Interpersonal Trust ◽  
Community Identity ◽  
Third Places ◽  
Third Place ◽  
The Press ◽  
The Unemployed ◽  
Ict Revolution

Although Sweden is generally considered to be at the forefront of the ICT revolution and to have high levels of social capital – interpersonal trust and participation – there remain areas and populations which are relatively disadvantaged. In this chapter we examine a number of efforts which have attempted to make use of ICT to enhance social capital in a Stockholm suburb which has been stigmatised in the press and which contains relatively high proportions of immigrants, single parents and the unemployed, all groups which are relatively excluded. An initial effort, based on the installation of a local community network, largely failed. A second effort, based on a locally-run Internet Café was more successful, with the café operating as a Third Place, both online and offline, bridging many of the divisions characterising the community. Despite its success in encouraging participation, trust and community identity, the IT-Café could not be sustained following the end of project funding and a change in personnel. The factors accompanying the success and failure of the Swedish undertakings provide lessons for other efforts to use ICTs in attempts to enhance social inclusion and community.

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