scholarly journals An Energy Efficient Modulation Scheme for Body-Centric Terahertz (THz) Nanonetworks

Technologies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 14
Author(s):  
Apostolos Vavouris ◽  
Foteini Dervisi ◽  
Vasilis Papanikolaou ◽  
Panagiotis Diamantoulakis ◽  
George Karagiannidis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Rate ◽  
Modulation Scheme ◽  
Primary Concern ◽  
Error Performance ◽  
Specific Kind ◽  
Performance Metric ◽  
A Minor ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Time Spread ◽  
Achievable Data Rate

In body-centric communications, energy efficiency is a critical performance metric, while the achievable data rate is not of primary concern. In this paper we present a novel modulation scheme, which can be efficiently used in body-centric terahertz (THz) nanonetworks. The proposed scheme is a combination of the time-spread On-Off keying (TS–OOK) and the pulse position modulation (PPM) and presents lower energy consumption, compared to other existing methods as TS–OOK, at a minor cost to the data rate. Furthermore, another important aspect is that the proposed modulation scheme can be effectively used to mitigate the impact of the specific kind of noise in THz body-centric communications, thus leading to better error performance. Finally, we present analytical and simulation results in order to compare the new scheme with the existing TS–OOK.

scholarly journals Machine Learning-Assisted Adaptive Modulation for Optimized Drone-User Communication in B5G

Drones ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 128
Author(s):  
Sudheesh Puthenveettil Gopi ◽  
Maurizio Magarini ◽  
Saeed Hamood Alsamhi ◽  
Alexey V. Shvetsov
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Adaptive Modulation ◽  
Data Rate ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Modulation Scheme ◽  
Error Performance ◽  
Wireless Broadcast ◽  
Atmospheric Disturbances

The fundamental issue for Beyond fifth Generation (B5G) is providing a pervasive connection to heterogeneous and various devices in smart environments. Therefore, Drones play a vital role in the B5G, allowing for wireless broadcast and high-speed communications. In addition, the drone offers several advantages compared to fixed terrestrial communications, including flexible deployment, robust Line of Sight (LoS) connections, and more design degrees of freedom due to controlled mobility. Drones can provide reliable and high data rate connectivity to users irrespective of their location. However, atmospheric disturbances impact the signal quality between drones and users and degrade the system performance. Considering practical implementation, the location of drones makes the drone–user communication susceptible to several environmental disturbances. In this paper, we evaluate the performance of drone-user connectivity during atmospheric disturbances. Further, a Machine Learning (ML)-assisted algorithm is proposed to adapt to a modulation technique that offers optimal performance during atmospheric disturbances. The results show that, with the algorithm, the system switches to a lower order modulation scheme during higher rain rate and provides reliable communication with optimized data rate and error performance.

scholarly journals The Impact of Metabolic Scion–Rootstock Interactions in Different Grapevine Tissues and Phloem Exudates

Metabolites ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 349
Author(s):  
Sara Tedesco ◽  
Alexander Erban ◽  
Saurabh Gupta ◽  
Joachim Kopka ◽  
Pedro Fevereiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Phloem Exudate ◽  
Graft Union ◽  
Reciprocal Effect ◽  
Metabolic Markers ◽  
Interaction Studies ◽  
Metabolic Interactions ◽  
A Minor ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Related Compounds

In viticulture, grafting is used to propagate Phylloxera-susceptible European grapevines, thereby using resistant American rootstocks. Although scion–rootstock reciprocal signaling is essential for the formation of a proper vascular union and for coordinated growth, our knowledge of graft partner interactions is very limited. In order to elucidate the scale and the content of scion–rootstock metabolic interactions, we profiled the metabolome of eleven graft combination in leaves, stems, and phloem exudate from both above and below the graft union 5–6 months after grafting. We compared the metabolome of scions vs. rootstocks of homografts vs. heterografts and investigated the reciprocal effect of the rootstock on the scion metabolome. This approach revealed that (1) grafting has a minor impact on the metabolome of grafted grapevines when tissues and genotypes were compared, (2) heterografting affects rootstocks more than scions, (3) the presence of a heterologous grafting partner increases defense-related compounds in both scion and rootstocks in shorter and longer distances from the graft, and (4) leaves were revealed as the best tissue to search for grafting-related metabolic markers. These results will provide a valuable metabolomics resource for scion–rootstock interaction studies and will facilitate future efforts on the identification of metabolic markers for important agronomic traits in grafted grapevines.

Impact of Quality of Unfamiliar Shopping App on Initial Trust Formation: A Moderated Mediation of Risk Attitude

2021 ◽  
pp. 097226292098454
Author(s):  
Vipul Patel ◽  
Richa Pandit
Keyword(s):  
Information Search ◽  
Purchase Intention ◽  
Risk Attitude ◽  
Moderated Mediation ◽  
Primary Concern ◽  
Initial Trust ◽  
Trust Formation ◽  
Online Retailers ◽  
The Impact

Today, all phases of consumers' buying process from pre-information search, evaluation of alternatives, order placing and post-purchase service are conducted in shopping apps installed in smartphones. A shopping app is omnipresent and is a powerful retail channel for retailers all over the world. However, the primary concern for many customers is that online shopping is not secure. This insecurity is more if customers have to purchase from an unfamiliar shopping app. Customers generally hesitate to purchase using unfamiliar shopping apps, unless they feel that the app is trustworthy. Based on the survey of 264 respondents, this study attempts to measure the impact of the quality of unfamiliar shopping apps on initial trust formation and subsequently, purchase intention. An attempt was also made to study the moderated mediation impact of risk attitude on the relationship between shopping app quality and initial trust formation. The findings of this paper may be of practical use for the online retailers by providing a better understanding of the adoption of unfamiliar shopping apps among prospective customers. It will also provide strategic inputs to online retailers to craft suitable strategies for the adoption of unfamiliar shopping apps.

Properties and achievable data rate of a cyclic prefix based imperfect reconstruction filter bank multiple access system

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (17) ◽  
pp. 2427-2434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianqing Dou ◽  
Zaichen Zhang ◽  
Jian Dang ◽  
Liang Wu ◽  
Yuxin Wei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Access ◽  
Filter Bank ◽  
Data Rate ◽  
Cyclic Prefix ◽  
Access System ◽  
Reconstruction Filter ◽  
Multiple Access System ◽  
Achievable Data Rate

Shareholder risk-taking incentives in the presence of contingent capital

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmoud Fatouh ◽  
Ayowande A. McCunn
Keyword(s):  
Risk Taking ◽  
Banking System ◽  
Capital Requirements ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Basic Model ◽  
Conversion Rates ◽  
A Minor ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose This paper aims to present a model of shareholders’ willingness to exert effort to reduce the likelihood of bank distress and the implications of the presence of contingent convertible (CoCo) bonds in the liabilities structure of a bank. Design/methodology/approach This study presents a basic model about the moral hazard surrounding shareholders willingness to exert effort that increases the likelihood of a bank’s success. This study uses a one-shot game and so do not capture the effects of repeated interactions. Findings Consistent with the existing literature, this study shows that the direction of the wealth transfer at the conversion of CoCo bonds determines their impact on shareholder risk-taking incentives. This study also finds that “anytime” CoCos (CoCo bonds trigger-able anytime at the discretion of managers) have a minor advantage over regular CoCo bonds, and that quality of capital requirements can reduce the risk-taking incentives of shareholders. Practical implications This study argues that shareholders can also use manager-specific CoCo bonds to reduce the riskiness of the bank activities. The issuance of such bonds can increase the resilience of individual banks and the whole banking system. Regulators can use restrictions on conversion rates and/or requirements on the quality of capital to address the impact of CoCo bonds issuance on risk-taking incentives. Originality/value To model the risk-taking incentives, authors generally modify the asset processes to introduce components that reflect asymmetric information between CoCo holders and shareholders and/or managers. This paper follows a simpler method similar to that of Holmström and Tirole (1998).

scholarly journals Last Interglacial climate and sea-level evolution from a coupled ice sheet–climate model

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 2195-2213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heiko Goelzer ◽  
Philippe Huybrechts ◽  
Marie-France Loutre ◽  
Thierry Fichefet
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Ice Sheets ◽  
Ice Sheet ◽  
Greenland Ice Sheet ◽  
Last Interglacial ◽  
A Minor ◽  
The Antarctic ◽  
The Impact ◽  
And Sea Level

Abstract. As the most recent warm period in Earth's history with a sea-level stand higher than present, the Last Interglacial (LIG,  ∼  130 to 115 kyr BP) is often considered a prime example to study the impact of a warmer climate on the two polar ice sheets remaining today. Here we simulate the Last Interglacial climate, ice sheet, and sea-level evolution with the Earth system model of intermediate complexity LOVECLIM v.1.3, which includes dynamic and fully coupled components representing the atmosphere, the ocean and sea ice, the terrestrial biosphere, and the Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets. In this setup, sea-level evolution and climate–ice sheet interactions are modelled in a consistent framework.Surface mass balance change governed by changes in surface meltwater runoff is the dominant forcing for the Greenland ice sheet, which shows a peak sea-level contribution of 1.4 m at 123 kyr BP in the reference experiment. Our results indicate that ice sheet–climate feedbacks play an important role to amplify climate and sea-level changes in the Northern Hemisphere. The sensitivity of the Greenland ice sheet to surface temperature changes considerably increases when interactive albedo changes are considered. Southern Hemisphere polar and sub-polar ocean warming is limited throughout the Last Interglacial, and surface and sub-shelf melting exerts only a minor control on the Antarctic sea-level contribution with a peak of 4.4 m at 125 kyr BP. Retreat of the Antarctic ice sheet at the onset of the LIG is mainly forced by rising sea level and to a lesser extent by reduced ice shelf viscosity as the surface temperature increases. Global sea level shows a peak of 5.3 m at 124.5 kyr BP, which includes a minor contribution of 0.35 m from oceanic thermal expansion. Neither the individual contributions nor the total modelled sea-level stand show fast multi-millennial timescale variations as indicated by some reconstructions.

scholarly journals Who Reacts to Less Restrictive Divorce Laws?

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Fallesen
Keyword(s):  
Time Series Data ◽  
Divorce Rate ◽  
Population Data ◽  
Married Couples ◽  
Series Data ◽  
High School Degree ◽  
Divorce Laws ◽  
Divorce Rates ◽  
A Minor ◽  
The Impact

Objective: To study how divorce behavior in Denmark changed following a July 2013 reform that repealed mandatory separation periods for uncontested divorces, instead allowing for immediate administrative divorce.Background: Most countries have mandatory separation periods that couples undergo before they can divorce. Separation allows couples a grace-period, during which they may reconcile and stay together. Yet, the impact of separation periods on divorce risk remains understudied. Methods: Using monthly time series data on divorce rates from 2007-2018 (T=144), the research brief estimates the size and shape of the policy impact of the July 2013 reform. Using monthly administrative population data on all ever-married couples (N*T=40,431,848) the study further calculates the average characteristics of married couples in Denmark who would have remained together absent the reform.Results: After an initial spike in the divorce rate driven by couples divorcing earlier, the divorce rate settled at a 9.7 percent higher level compared to pre-reform. Couples who divorced because of the reform had been married for fewer years, were ethnic Danish, and had high school degree as highest educational level.Conclusion: Mandatory separation periods keep a minor, but substantial, share of potential divorcees together.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document