scholarly journals Participant Experiences in a Human Biomonitoring Study: Follow-Up Interviews with Participants of the Flemish Environment and Health Study

Toxics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 69
Author(s):  
Bert Morrens ◽  
Hans Jonker ◽  
Elly Den Hond ◽  
Dries Coertjens ◽  
Ann Colles ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Biomonitoring ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Ethical Considerations ◽  
Interactive Communication ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Environment And Health ◽  
Tailored Approach ◽  
Study Participants

Communicating individual human biomonitoring results to study participants has been the subject of debate for some time. This debate is dominated by ethical considerations from a researchers’ perspective on whether or not to communicate, thereby overlooking more practice-based questions from a participants’ perspective on what and how to communicate. We conducted a small scale follow-up study based on eleven face-to-face interviews with mothers participating in the third cycle of the Flemish Environment and Health Study (FLEHS III 2012–2015) to investigate how they experienced and interpreted individual biomonitoring results. Key findings indicate that respondents were generally satisfied with participating in the biomonitoring study, but the report-back process especially lacked contextualized information and interactive communication options to better comprehend and cope with personal results. These findings also argue in favor of a more tailored approach in which report-back methods, formats and content are diversified according to the type of results and the preferences of participants. A reflexive research practice with active engagement in follow-up research is crucial to improve participants’ understanding and use of personal biomonitoring results.

scholarly journals SELF-REPORTED WALKING PACE AND ALL-CAUSE MORTALITY AMONG CANCER SURVIVORS IN THE NIH-AARP DIET AND HEALTH STUDY

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S387-S388
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Salerno ◽  
Pedro Saint Maurice ◽  
Erik Willis ◽  
Loretta DiPietro ◽  
Charles Matthews
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
Lower Risk ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Cancer Type ◽  
Study Enrollment ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
After Cancer ◽  
Study Participants

Abstract We examined the association between self-reported walking pace and all-cause mortality among cancer survivors in the NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study. Participants included 30,110 adults (Mage=62.4+/-5.14 years) diagnosed with cancer between study enrollment and follow-up, when they self-reported walking pace. Individuals were followed until death or administrative censoring in 2011. We estimated the hazards ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for walking pace and all-cause mortality adjusting for age, sex, race, BMI, health status, physical activity and cancer type. Cancer survivors reporting faster walking paces had significantly reduced mortality risk. Relative to those reporting an ‘easy’ walking pace, walking at a ‘normal,’ ‘brisk,’ or ‘very brisk’ pace was associated with significantly lower risk: [HR=0.74 (0.70,0.78)], [HR=0.66 (0.61,0.71)], and [HR=0.73 (0.60,0.89)], respectively. Being ‘unable to walk’ was associated with 30% increased mortality [HR=1.30 (1.15,1.46)]. These findings provide novel support for the association between self-reported walking pace and survival after cancer.

scholarly journals The Process of Establishing a Green Climate: Face-To-Face Interaction between Leaders and Employees in the Microsystem

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingeborg Flagstad ◽  
Svein Johnsen ◽  
Leif Rydstedt
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Climate ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Small Companies ◽  
Focus Group Interviews ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Systems Model ◽  
Group Interviews ◽  
Interactional Processes

This study explores the processes of establishing a green organizational climate in small-scale companies. Previous studies have primarily focused on factors associated with pro-environmental behaviour in large organizations. The role of a green organizational climate—specifically, the interactional processes involved in the construction of a green climate—has largely been unexplored. Entrepreneurial small companies constitute an ideal arena in which to study the initial phase of greening processes. The present study examined the process of establishing a green organizational climate in seven small-scale Norwegian companies. This article presents a systems model that was developed to analyse how processes at different levels interact in the shaping of the green climate. The design was a longitudinal mixed-methods approach, consisting of focus-group interviews conducted in the field, a questionnaire and follow-up interviews with the leaders. Findings indicate that the construction of a green climate had a strong practise-based approach. The company founders were driven by environmental values; they sparked the initial green measures, influenced the employees—directly and indirectly—and also invited dialogue around and co-construction of the green climate. Frequent face-to-face interactions within the microsystem of the leaders/employees were decisive to the development of the green climate. The present study contributes to the understanding of the process of greening an organization: specifically, how green practice relates to the construction of a shared green climate. Contrary to previous research and theorizing, this study indicates that it is possible to “go green” without a superordinate green strategy.

Writing to Meet Your Match

2013 ◽  
pp. 210-234
Author(s):  
Christyne Berzsenyi
Keyword(s):  
Impression Management ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Internet Dating ◽  
Written Text ◽  
Self Reflection ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
Study Participants

After ten years, Internet dating has become mainstreamed with members producing and consuming a great deal of written text before meeting face-to-face. Through a twenty-one-prompt questionnaire and follow up interviews, four case study participants describe their efforts at self-reflection, self-representation, and interaction with other members. The following chapter analyzes email questionnaire responses and interview excerpts that discuss each participant’s perceptions of the rhetorical process of writing profiles, interpreting others’ profiles, and exchanging emails to facilitate courtship. In addition, this chapter analyzes the discourse of participants’ self-presentations in comparison with their reported self-perceptions and impression management strategies. Findings suggest that more effective members composed their e-texts after a methodical process of understanding the communication genre, the expectations and behaviors of their target audiences, and their own relationship objectives. Further, participants with greater experience with cyber dating have more positive experiences, which led to positive attitudes and greater satisfaction with e-dating.

scholarly journals 0578 Incident Hypertension Rates in OSA Identified Using American Academy Of Sleep Medicine (AASM) Hypopnea Criteria, but Misclassified by Medicare (CMS) Hypopnea Definition

SLEEP ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A221-A222
Author(s):  
R Budhiraja ◽  
S Javaheri ◽  
R B Berry ◽  
S Parthasarathy ◽  
S F Quan
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Medicine ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Apnea Hypopnea Index ◽  
Incident Hypertension ◽  
Stage 1 ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Number Of Individuals

Abstract Introduction The impact of not treating OSA identified using AASM standards (hypopneas scored using a minimum 3% O2 desaturation or arousal), but misclassified by CMS standards (hypopneas scored only if minimum 4% O2 desaturation) remains unclear. This analysis determined the ~5 year incident hypertension rates using the new 2018 ACC/AHA blood pressure (BP) guidelines in these individuals. Methods Data were analyzed from all Sleep Heart Health Study exam 2 study participants (N=1219) who were normotensive (BP≤120/80) at exam 1. The apnea hypopnea index (AHI) at exam 1 was classified into 4 categories of OSA severity: <5, 5 ≤15, 15 ≤30 and ≥30/hour using both the AASM or CMS definitions. Three definitions of hypertension were used: Elevated BP (>120/80), Stage 1 (>130/80) and Stage 2 (>140/90) to determine incidence rates at exam 2. Results Five year follow-up data were available for 476 participants classified as having OSA (AHI ≥5) by AASM criteria, but not by CMS standards at exam 1. Incident hypertension rates in these misclassified participants for ACC/AHA defined BP categories were 15% (Elevated BP), 15% (Stage 1) and 6% (Stage 2). 4% of normotensive participants used hypertensive medications. Overall incidence rate of at least an elevated BP was 40% (191/476) in those with OSA defined using AASM, but not by CMS criteria and 17% (191/1219) of the overall population at risk. In comparison to those with incident hypertension and OSA identified by CMS standards, BMI (27.7 vs 30.1 kg/m2, p<.001) and % men were lower (45 vs 58%, p=.012), but age and race were not different. Conclusion Use of the CMS hypopnea definition as a component of the AHI resulted in the failure to identify a significant number of individuals with OSA who eventually developed hypertension and could have benefited from earlier diagnosis and treatment. Support HL53938

scholarly journals Longer and Deeper Desaturations Are Associated With the Worsening of Mild Sleep Apnea: The Sleep Heart Health Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tuomas Karhu ◽  
Sami Myllymaa ◽  
Sami Nikkonen ◽  
Diego R. Mazzotti ◽  
Juha Töyräs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Essential Feature ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Heart Health ◽  
Blood Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Stratified Analysis

Study ObjectivesObesity, older age, and male sex are recognized risk factors for sleep apnea. However, it is unclear whether the severity of hypoxic burden, an essential feature of sleep apnea, is associated with the risk of sleep apnea worsening. Thus, we investigated our hypothesis that the worsening of sleep apnea is expedited in individuals with more severe desaturations.MethodsThe blood oxygen saturation (SpO2) signals of 805 Sleep Heart Health Study participants with mild sleep apnea [5 ≤ oxygen desaturation index (ODI) < 15] were analyzed at baseline and after a mean follow-up time of 5.2 years. Linear regression analysis, adjusted for relevant covariates, was utilized to study the association between baseline SpO2-derived parameters and change in sleep apnea severity, determined by a change in ODI. SpO2-derived parameters, consisting of ODI, desaturation severity (DesSev), desaturation duration (DesDur), average desaturation area (avg. DesArea), and average desaturation duration (avg. DesDur), were standardized to enable comparisons between the parameters.ResultsIn the group consisting of both men and women, avg. DesDur (β = 1.594, p = 0.001), avg. DesArea (β = 1.316, p = 0.004), DesDur (β = 0.998, p = 0.028), and DesSev (β = 0.928, p = 0.040) were significantly associated with sleep apnea worsening, whereas ODI was not (β = −0.029, p = 0.950). In sex-stratified analysis, avg. DesDur (β = 1.987, p = 0.003), avg. DesArea (β = 1.502, p = 0.024), and DesDur (β = 1.374, p = 0.033) were significantly associated with sleep apnea worsening in men.ConclusionLonger and deeper desaturations are more likely to expose a patient to the worsening of sleep apnea. This information could be useful in the planning of follow-up monitoring or lifestyle counseling in the early stage of the disease.

Three cycles of human biomonitoring in Flanders − Time trends observed in the Flemish Environment and Health Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 220 (2) ◽  
pp. 36-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Greet Schoeters ◽  
Eva Govarts ◽  
Liesbeth Bruckers ◽  
Elly Den Hond ◽  
Vera Nelen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Trends ◽  
Human Biomonitoring ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Environment And Health

Psychopathology 8½ Years Post Parasuicide

Crisis ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 115-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Curran ◽  
Michael Fitzgerald ◽  
Vincent T Greene
Keyword(s):  
Rating Scales ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
Parental Bonding ◽  
Social Maladjustment ◽  
Term Outcome ◽  
Long Term Outcome ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Long Term Follow Up

There are few long-term follow-up studies of parasuicides incorporating face-to-face interviews. To date no study has evaluated the prevalence of psychiatric morbidity at long-term follow-up of parasuicides using diagnostic rating scales, nor has any study examined parental bonding issues in this population. We attempted a prospective follow-up of 85 parasuicide cases an average of 8½ years later. Psychiatric morbidity, social functioning, and recollections of the parenting style of their parents were assessed using the Clinical Interview Schedule, the Social Maladjustment Scale, and the Parental Bonding Instrument, respectively. Thirty-nine persons in total were interviewed, 19 of whom were well and 20 of whom had psychiatric morbidity. Five had died during the follow-up period, 3 by suicide. Migration, refusals, and untraceability were common. Parasuicide was associated with parental overprotection during childhood. Long-term outcome is poor, especially among those who engaged in repeated parasuicides.

Seven-Year Follow-Up of Screening for Hypertension and Diabetes at a Dental Clinic

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Göran Friman
Keyword(s):  
Antihypertensive Drugs ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Initial Screening ◽  
Pharmacological Treatments ◽  
Medical Screening ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Undiagnosed Hypertension ◽  
Dental Setting ◽  
Study Participants

Objective: To describe the distribution of risk, diagnosis and pharmacological treatments for diabetes and hypertension after seven years among patients provided with opportunistic medical screening in a dental setting. Material and Methods: The initial screening’s 170 participants were asked to take part in a seven-year follow-up study. Data were collected through self-reported information in a written health declaration. Outcome measures: • Number of study participants who had passed away • Prescription of antidiabetics or antihypertensives • Changes in weight and height to calculate body mass index (BMI) Results: The follow-up study consisted of 151 participants. Twenty had passed away. The risk needs for medicating with antihypertensive drugs after seven years for those not receiving pharmacological treatment at the initial screening was 3.7 times greater (p=0.025 CI 1.2-11.3) for participants with a diastolic blood pressure (BP) ≥ 90 mm Hg (85 for diabetics) than for the others. The risk was 3.9 times greater (p=0.020 CI 1.2-12.6) for those with a systolic BP of 140-159 mm Hg and 54.2 times greater (p<0.0001 CI 9.8-300.3) for those with a systolic BP ≥ 160 mm Hg than for those with a systolic BP 140 mm Hg. There were no changes in BMI. Conclusion: At least one in ten cases of incorrect medication or undiagnosed hypertension may be identifiable through opportunistic medical screening

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