scholarly journals Nanopesticides in Agriculture: Benefits and Challenge in Agricultural Productivity, Toxicological Risks to Human Health and Environment

Toxics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 131
Author(s):  
Marco Chaud ◽  
Eliana B. Souto ◽  
Aleksandra Zielinska ◽  
Patricia Severino ◽  
Fernando Batain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental And Health Effects ◽  
Pesticide Exposure ◽  
Agricultural Productivity ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Engineered Nanoparticles ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Stimuli Responsive ◽  
Responsive Systems ◽  
Fast Development ◽  
New Type

Nanopesticides are nanostructures with two to three dimensions between 1 to 200 nm, used to carry agrochemical ingredients (AcI). Because of their unique properties, the loading of AcI into nanoparticles offers benefits when compared to free pesticides. However, with the fast development of new engineered nanoparticles for pests’ control, a new type of environmental waste is being produced. This paper describes the nanopesticides sources, the harmful environmental and health effects arising from pesticide exposure. The potential ameliorative impact of nanoparticles on agricultural productivity and ecosystem challenges are extensively discussed. Strategies for controlled release and stimuli-responsive systems for slow, sustained, and targeted AcI and genetic material delivery are reported. Special attention to different nanoparticles source, the environmental behavior of nanopesticides in the crop setting, and the most recent advancements and nanopesticides representative research from experimental results are revised. This review also addresses some issues and concerns in developing, formulating and toxicity pesticide products for environmentally friendly and sustainable agriculture.

Recent Progress in Stimuli Responsive Intelligent Nano Scale Drug Delivery Systems: A special focus towards pH sensitive systems

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vaidevi Sethuraman ◽  
Kumar Janakiraman ◽  
Venkateshwaran Krishnaswami ◽  
Ruckmani Kandasamy
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Disease Diagnosis ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Ph Sensitive ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Stimuli Responsive ◽  
Ph Variation ◽  
Responsive Systems

Abstract: Stimuli responsive nanocarriers are gaining much attention due to its versatile multifunctional activities including disease diagnosis and treatment. Recently, clinical applications of nano drug delivery systems for cancer treatment make a considerable challenge due to its limited cellular uptake, low bioavailability, poor targetability, stability issues, and unfavourable pharmacokinetics. To overcome these issues researchers are focussing on stimuli responsive systems. Nano carriers elicit its role through endogenous (pH, temperature, enzyme and redox) or exogenous (temperature, light, magnetic field, ultrasound) stimulus. These systems were designed to overcome the shortcomings such as non-specificity and toxicity associated with the conventional drug delivery systems. The pH variation between healthy cells and tumor microenvironment creates a platform towards the generation of pH sensitive nano delivery systems. Herein, we propose to present an overview of various internal and external stimuli responsive behavior based drug delivery systems. Herein the present review will focus specifically on the significance of various pH- responsive nanomaterials such as polymeric nanoparticles, nano micelles, inorganic based pH sensitive drug delivery carriers such as calcium phosphate nanoparticles, and carbon dots in cancer treatment. Moreover, this review elaborates the recent findings on pH based stimuli responsive drug delivery system with special emphasis towards our reported stimuli responsive systems for cancer treatment.

The Future of Nanotechnology in Plant Pathology

2018 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wade Elmer ◽  
Jason C. White
Keyword(s):  
Disease Management ◽  
Plant Disease ◽  
Carbon Nanomaterials ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
High Reactivity ◽  
Engineered Nanoparticles ◽  
Metallic Oxide ◽  
Disease Diagnostics ◽  
Chemical Inputs

Engineered nanoparticles are materials between 1 and 100 nm and exist as metalloids, metallic oxides, nonmetals, and carbon nanomaterials and as functionalized dendrimers, liposomes, and quantum dots. Their small size, large surface area, and high reactivity have enabled their use as bactericides/ fungicides and nanofertilizers. Nanoparticles can be designed as biosensors for plant disease diagnostics and as delivery vehicles for genetic material, probes, and agrichemicals. In the past decade, reports of nanotechnology in phytopathology have grown exponentially. Nanomaterials have been integrated into disease management strategies and diagnostics and as molecular tools. Most reports summarized herein are directed toward pathogen inhibition using metalloid/metallic oxide nanoparticles as bactericides/fungicides and as nanofertilizers to enhance health. The use of nanoparticles as biosensors in plant disease diagnostics is also reviewed. As global demand for food production escalates against a changing climate, nanotechnology could sustainably mitigate many challenges in disease management by reducing chemical inputs and promoting rapid detection of pathogens.

Controlled Gene Delivery Systems: Nanomaterials and Chemical Approaches

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 553-582 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sepideh Ahmadi ◽  
Navid Rabiee ◽  
Yousef Fatahi ◽  
Mojtaba Bagherzadeh ◽  
Meysam Gachpazan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Gene Delivery ◽  
Protein Production ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Stimuli Responsive ◽  
Cell Functions ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Ph Variations

Successful gene therapy depends on the design of effective gene delivery systems. A gene delivery system is considered a powerful tool for the release of genetic material within cells resulting in a change in cell functions and protein production. The release of genes in a controlled manner by using appropriate carriers facilitates their release without side effects and increases the expression of genes at the released site. It is expected that significant changes in the combination of several genes and drugs can be provided by developing treatment systems sensitive to different stimuli such as redox potential, pH variations, temperature gradients, light irradiation, and enzyme activity. The most important advantages for the release of genes and stimuli-responsive therapeutics include delivering vectors locally, reducing side effects and causing no toxicity to distant tissues while at the same time reducing the immune response to the vectors. In this review, we aim to discuss different types of gene carriers involved in the controlled transfer of nucleic acids (non-viral inorganic and organic nanoparticles (NPs) and virus-like particles (VLPs)) as well as the simultaneous transfer of several genes and/or drugs into cells or different tissues, providing for an efficient and safe treatment of numerous diseases.

Preparation and Application of Morph Genetic Materials in the Field of Environment

2014 ◽  
Vol 1010-1012 ◽  
pp. 207-210
Author(s):  
Sen Liang ◽  
Yan Hong Li ◽  
Chao Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Material ◽  
Functional Materials ◽  
Chemical Processing ◽  
Impregnation Method ◽  
Chemical Solution ◽  
Preparation Methods ◽  
Artificial Materials ◽  
New Material ◽  
New Type ◽  
Fine Morphology

Morph genetic material is a kind of new material which can not only keep natural biological fine morphology and structure but also is given new characteristics and functions. At present, the main preparation methods for biomorphic materials are chemical solution impregnation method, sound chemical processing method, and nanocomposite solvent heating method, etc. Domestic and foreign researchers have been trying to use different templates to prepare for functional materials which have different tendencies. Compared with the conventional artificial materials, these materials show obvious superiority. Morph genetic material is a new type of functional materials, mainly used as catalyst and adsorbent, playing an important role in environmental protection.

Recent advances of stimuli-responsive systems based on transition metal dichalcogenides for smart cancer therapy

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (16) ◽  
pp. 2588-2607 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruxin Zhou ◽  
Shuang Zhu ◽  
Linji Gong ◽  
Yanyan Fu ◽  
Zhanjun Gu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Therapy ◽  
Transition Metal ◽  
Therapeutic Strategy ◽  
Transition Metal Dichalcogenides ◽  
Stimuli Responsive ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Responsive Systems ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Metal Dichalcogenides

A comprehensive overview of the development of stimuli-responsive TMDC-based nanoplatforms for “smart” cancer therapy is presented to demonstrate a more intelligent and better controllable therapeutic strategy.

scholarly journals Random Forest of Perfect Trees: Concept, Performance, Applications, and Perspectives

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Michel Nguyen ◽  
Pascal Jézéquel ◽  
Pierre Gillois ◽  
Luisa Silva ◽  
Faouda Ben Azzouz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Random Forest ◽  
Information Criterion ◽  
R Package ◽  
Information Criteria ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Supplementary Information ◽  
Recursive Feature Elimination ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Classification Errors ◽  
New Type

Abstract Motivation The principle of Breiman's random forest (RF) is to build and assemble complementary classification trees in a way that maximizes their variability. We propose a new type of random forest that disobeys Breiman’s principles and involves building trees with no classification errors in very large quantities. We used a new type of decision tree that uses a neuron at each node as well as an in-innovative half Christmas tree structure. With these new RFs, we developed a score, based on a family of ten new statistical information criteria, called Nguyen information criteria (NICs), to evaluate the predictive qualities of features in three dimensions. Results The first NIC allowed the Akaike information criterion to be minimized more quickly than data obtained with the Gini index when the features were introduced in a logistic regression model. The selected features based on the NICScore showed a slight advantage compared to the support vector machines—recursive feature elimination (SVM-RFE) method. We demonstrate that the inclusion of artificial neurons in tree nodes allows a large number of classifiers in the same node to be taken into account simultaneously and results in perfect trees without classification errors. Availability and implementation The methods used to build the perfect trees in this article were implemented in the “ROP” R package, archived at https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/ROP/index.html Supplementary information Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.

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