Knowledge, Perception, and Willingness towards Immunization among Bangladeshi Population during COVID-19 Vaccine Rolling Period

Vaccine willingness among the mass populace, as well as their proper knowledge and perception regarding vaccines and the vaccination process, may contribute extensively towards attaining their anticipated vaccination rates. The current study endeavored to ascertain the Bangladeshi population’s knowledge, perception, and willingness towards COVID-19 vaccination. Relevant information was collected from 1201 adults aged 18 years or older by employing an online-based survey from 1 to 30 July 2021. Descriptive statistics, the chi-square (χ2) test, and a binary logistic regression analysis were applied in order to compare the extent of knowledge and perception prevalent among different demographic groups and correlate such prevalence with respective vaccine willingness. The participants expressed mean (± standard deviation) knowledge and perception scores of 6.48 ± 1.13 out of 8 and 5.37 ± 1.22 out of 7, respectively. A multivariate analysis confirmed the significant association (p < 0.05) of gender, age, and family income with the knowledge score, whereas age and knowledge level significantly influenced perception. Current living area, family income, and age were considerable contributors to COVID-19 vaccine willingness. Overall vaccine willingness was found to be significantly curtailed by inadequate knowledge (AOR 0.514, CI 95% 0.401–0.658, p < 0.001) and perception (AOR 0.710, CI 95% 0.548–0.920, p = 0.010) among the participants. All of the concerned authorities’ efforts are warranted in order to improve public understanding, perception, and inclination towards vaccination.

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Public Perceptions and Attitudes of Bangladeshi Population towards Thalassemia Prevention: A Nationwide Study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-139016/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Nur-E- Alam ◽

Md Shariful Islam ◽

Umme Suriea ◽

Ramisa Binti Mohiuddin ◽

Md. Muzahidul Islam ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Transmitted Disease ◽

Knowledge Score ◽

Health Concern ◽

P Value ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Premarital Screening ◽

Knowledge And Attitude ◽

Bangladeshi Population

Abstract Background: Thalassemia is one of the most common life-threatening yet preventable congenital hemoglobin disorders especially in South Asian regions like Bangladesh. It has become a rising public health concern for Bangladesh as 6-12% of the population are carriers and many of them are unaware of it. The purpose of the study is to inspect the knowledge and attitude towards thalassemia among the general people of Bangladesh. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in eight administrative regions of Bangladesh between January and October of 2020. A self-administrative close-ended questionnaire was designed to collect information about thalassemia and socio-demographic characteristics. Pearson’s chi-square (χ2) test and One-way ANOVA were performed to assess the association between the demographic variables with knowledge and practice regarding thalassemia. A p-value <0.05 was considered significant.Results: Of the 1623 participants, only 44.7% (726/1623) had heard of thalassemia. The mean knowledge of thalassemia was scored 4.75 ± 2.05 out of a total possible score of 10. Half of the participants had no idea that thalassemia was not a transfusion transmitted disease. About 73.1% knew that blood tests are a diagnosis process to determine thalassemia. The urban residing participants had the highest (5.10 ± 1.99) and participants with primary education had the lowest (3.38 ± 1.37) mean score of knowledge. Participants' knowledge score varied significantly by marital status, living pace, literacy and occupation (p< 0.05). However, about 68.2% and 85.5% of the participants showed a positive attitude towards premarital screening of themselves or their family members and donating blood to thalassemia patients, respectively. Conclusion: The study shows that there is a need to disseminate the information on thalassemia since the knowledge gap is huge among people. These findings will assist the implementation of significant steps such as educational programs, health counseling, premarital screening, campaigning, etc. to increase the awareness of thalassemia.

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MRI Radiological Predictors of Requiring Microscopic Lumbar Discectomy After Lumbar Disc Herniation

Global Spine Journal ◽

10.1177/2192568219856345 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 63-68 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Christopher G. Varlotta ◽

David H. Ge ◽

Nicholas Stekas ◽

Nicholas J. Frangella ◽

Jordan H. Manning ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Disc Herniation ◽

Lumbar Disc ◽

Binary Logistic Regression ◽

Primary Treatment ◽

Nonoperative Treatment ◽

Lumbar Discectomy ◽

Binary Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cutoff Values

Study Design: Retrospective cohort study. Objective: To investigate radiological differences in lumbar disc herniations (herniated nucleus pulposus [HNP]) between patients receiving microscopic lumbar discectomy (MLD) and nonoperative patients. Methods: Patients with primary treatment for an HNP at a single academic institution between November 2012 to March 2017 were divided into MLD and nonoperative treatment groups. Using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), axial HNP area; axial canal area; HNP canal compromise; HNP cephalad/caudal migration and HNP MRI signal (black, gray, or mixed) were measured. T test and chi-square analyses compared differences in the groups, binary logistic regression analysis determined odds ratios (ORs), and decision tree analysis compared the cutoff values for risk factors. Results: A total of 285 patients (78 MLD, 207 nonoperative) were included. Risk factors for MLD treatment included larger axial HNP area ( P < .01, OR = 1.01), caudal migration, and migration magnitude ( P < .05, OR = 1.90; P < .01, OR = 1.14), and gray HNP MRI signal ( P < .01, OR = 5.42). Cutoff values for risks included axial HNP area (70.52 mm2, OR = 2.66, P < .01), HNP canal compromise (20.0%, OR = 3.29, P < .01), and cephalad/caudal migration (6.8 mm, OR = 2.43, P < .01). MLD risk for those with gray HNP MRI signal (67.6% alone) increased when combined with axial HNP area >70.52 mm2 (75.5%, P = .01) and HNP canal compromise >20.0% (71.1%, P = .05) cutoffs. MLD risk in patients with cephalad/caudal migration >6.8 mm (40.5% alone) increased when combined with axial HNP area and HNP canal compromise (52.4%, 50%; P < .01). Conclusion: Patients who underwent MLD treatment had significantly different axial HNP area, frequency of caudal migration, magnitude of cephalad/caudal migration, and disc herniation MRI signal compared to patients with nonoperative treatment.

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Ignoring the elephant in the room: factors contributing to inadequate access to condoms and sources of condoms during novel coronavirus diseases 2019 in South Africa

10.1101/2020.09.11.20192849 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Obasanjo Afolabi Bolarinwa

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

Health Care Services ◽

National Income ◽

Binary Logistic Regression ◽

Binary Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Chi Square ◽

Middle Income ◽

South Africans ◽

Novel Coronavirus ◽

Access To Contraception

AbstractEvidence has shown that the prescribed lockdown and physical distancing due to the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have made accessing essential health care services much difficult in low-and middle-income countries (LMICs). Access to contraception is essential and should not be denied, even in a global crisis, because it is associated with several health benefits. It is paramount to maintain timely access to contraception without unnecessary barriers. Hence, this study examines the factors contributing to limited access to condoms and sources of condoms during the COVID-19 pandemic in South Africa (SA).The first secondary dataset on coronavirus from the National Income Dynamic Study (NIDS) conducted in SA during the coronavirus pandemic was employed in this study. This study involved 4,517 respondents. Data were analysed using frequency analysis, chi-square test and binary logistic regression analysis. Almost one-quarter of South Africans could not access condoms, and every 7 in 10 South Africans preferred public or government hospitals as a source of condoms. Female South Africans (aOR=0.86; 95% CI=0.69-1.08), those aged 35-45 (aOR=0.96; 95% CI=0.73-1.28) and those residing in KwaZulu-Natal province (aOR=0.30; 95% CI=0.17-0.52) were 14%, 4% and 70% respectively less likely to have access to condoms during the COVID-19 lockdown. Findings from the study suggest strategies and interventions that will be tailored towards non-obstruction of contraception access during the on-going COVID-19 or any future pandemic. Moreover, special consideration should be given to certain provinces, the uneducated and those in the 4th quintile of wealth-income in South Africa.

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Knowledge and Perception of Malaysian Forest Fringe Population towards Zika Infection

Medicine & Health ◽

10.17576/mh.2021.1601.16 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

pp. 190-206

Author(s):

Chin Mun Wong ◽

Keyword(s):

Risk Perception ◽

Binary Logistic Regression ◽

Knowledge Score ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

World Health ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Poor Knowledge ◽

Validated Questionnaire ◽

Forest Fringe

The World Health Organization (WHO) has declared Zika infection as Public Health Emergency of International Concern in 2016. In this study, we aimed to assess the knowledge and risk perception towards Zika infection among the forest fringe population in Malaysia. A cross-sectional study of with 433 adult respondents in Malaysia completed the assisted-administered validated questionnaire on knowledge and perception to Zika infection. Bidirectional analysis on the person and item abilities were tested using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) and Rasch. The knowledge and perception levels were tested against significant sociodemographic or socioeconomic variables using Pearson’s Chi Square; covariates were then adjusted at multivariate level using binary logistic regression. Both knowledge and perception domains were well-targeted. Complementing results from SPSS and Rasch showed poor knowledge and poor risk perception levels in slightly more than half of the respondents [knowledge score: 50.8% (SPSS), 55.4% (Rasch); perception score: (58.0% (SPSS), 58.2% (Rasch)]. With covariates adjusted, non-bumiputra (non-natives) of higher education level, higher household income and recent jungle visits showed good knowledge level. Adult, menopaused women from Perak state showed better risk perception level towards Zika. Majority of the forest fringe population in Malaysia have poor knowledge and risk perception towards the Zika infection. This questionnaire is a suitable tool to assess knowledge and perception towards Zika infection among the forest fringe populations in Southeast Asia.

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The contingent valuation for the preservation of three urban green parks

Revista Ibero-Americana de Ciências Ambientais ◽

10.6008/cbpc2179-6858.2020.003.0021 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 251-263

Author(s):

José Francisco dos Reis Neto ◽

Michelle Da Rosa Lopes ◽

Celso Correia de Souza ◽

Marlucy Ferreira Machado Xavier

Keyword(s):

Natural Resources ◽

Binary Logistic Regression ◽

Well Being ◽

Environmental Conservation ◽

Local Economy ◽

Environmental Research ◽

Binary Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Chi Square ◽

Urban Green ◽

Chi Square Test

Urban green parks, considered as natural resources, should be seen as strategic elements for conservation of natural resources, socialization, health and well-being, since it significantly influences the local economy. The research sought to quantify the Willingness to Pay (WTP) for environmental conservation and its influencing factors, indicated by the population using three urban parks in Campo Grande, MS, Brazil: Parque das Nações Indígenas (PNI); Parque Ayrton Senna (PAS); and Parque Matas do Segredo (PMS). It was a quantitative approach, interviewing 824 users from the three parks object of the research, highlighting those who know and frequent the parks. A structured questionnaire was used, divided into groups of variables to identify the perceptions of socioeconomic, maintenance and preservation of parks, satisfaction with the equipment offered, and with the environmental preservation and maintenance of the Parks. Descriptive statistics and Chi-square test were used to compare the independence between the proportions obtained for each Park, at the level of significance at p <0.05, bilateral. A binary logistic regression analysis of discrete variables was also performed to identify the factors that may influence the user of the Park to WTP of environmental conservation. As a result, it was identified that there is satisfaction in the Parks, in relation to the questions: place for social interaction, appearance, attractiveness, calm, cozy, beautiful and clean environment. In relation to WTP, it was identified that the people who attend the Parks are willing to pay for the protection and environmental conservation of these. This article has its academic importance in contributing to the knowledge of the importance of Urban Green Parks, as well as providing indications for the evolution of others socio-environmental research projects. Under the business scope, it provides data and conclusions for the direction of public policies enlist the population and entrepreneurs to strengthen the preservation and maintenance.

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DETERMINANTS OF INCOME SECURITY AMONG PENSIONABLE RETIRED PERSONS IN KENYA

Chemchemi International Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences ◽

10.33886/cijhs.v11i1.139 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 24-34

Author(s):

Lucy Maina ◽

Elishiba Kimani

Keyword(s):

Logistic Regression ◽

Binary Logistic Regression ◽

Binary Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Retirement Savings ◽

Chi Square ◽

Income Security ◽

Financial Status ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Test Of Significance ◽

Logistic Regression Procedure

Retirees’ income security constitutes a key concern for nations aiming to secure their ageing populations. Kenya has a growing retirement sector with about 252,000 retired civil servants who are on pension and a significant number of private sector retirees who receive a gratuity at retirement. Though formally retired workers may receive a pension, studies consistently report low pensions uptake and inadequate incomes for those retired as well as an increasing national and societal burden. This paper explores the key determinants of income security among 978retired persons who were receiving dues on their retirement savings. Guided by the life cycle and third age theory, the study investigated whether retirees’ socio-economic attributes, pre-retirement financial status, retirees’ benefit package, retirees’ utilization of retirement savings and investments and pre-retirement preparation correlated with income security. A mixed-method study design was used combining survey and case study approaches. Cluster, purposive and random sampling methods were employed to select retirees under the four categories of retirement schemes in Kenya across 18 selected counties of Kenya. Hypotheses were tested using the Chi square test of significance and comparison of means (t-test) specifically to illustrate the relationship between socio-economic indicators, pre-retirement factors and income security at retirement. Logistic regression procedure was employed to isolate the significant factors that predict income security in retirement. The binary logistic regression analysis confirm that retirees with higher education had 26% higher chances of enjoying income security, those who earned higher pre-retirement salary had 25% higher chances of having a secure income at retirement, those knowledgeable about pensions had 35% higher chances of being income secure while those who had planned for their retirement had 14% higher chances of achieving income security. The study recommends crafting of a robust retirement planning package, financial and health plans for retirees’ income security and sustainable livelihoods.

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Assessment of General Populations Knowledge, Attitude, and Perceptions Toward the Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19): A Cross-Sectional Study From Pakistan

Frontiers in Medicine ◽

10.3389/fmed.2021.747819 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

Author(s):

Saadullah Khattak ◽

Maqbool Khan ◽

Tahir Usman ◽

Johar Ali ◽

Dong-Xing Wu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

General Population ◽

Binary Logistic Regression ◽

Knowledge Score ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

P Value ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Social Media Platforms ◽

General Populations

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a global health threat and caused a universal psychosocial impact on the general population. Therefore, the knowledge, attitude, and perceptions (KAPs) of the general population are critical for the development and effective implementation of standard operating procedures (SOP) to contain the contagion and minimize the losses. Therefore, the current study was conducted to understand and evaluate the KAPs of Pakistani populations toward the COVID-19.Methods: An online cross-sectional study was carried out among participants from 1 May to 30 July 2020 in different areas of Pakistan. The respondents of the study were the general population with age ≥ 18 years. The poll URL was posted on several channels after a call for participation. Other social media platforms such as WeChat, WhatsApp, Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, Messenger, and LinkedIn were engaged to maximize general population engagement. The questionnaire included details about sociodemographic, knowledge about COVID-19, perceptions toward universal safety precautions of COVID-19, and beliefs attitude toward the COVID-19. The obtained data were exported into a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet and SPSS software version 21 for windows. The descriptive statistics values were presented in frequencies and percentages. Binary logistic regression, Chi-square test, and one-way ANOVA were applied to analyze the participants' socio-demographic characteristics and variables related to KAPs. P-value < 0.05 was recorded as significant.Results: A total of 1,000 participants were invited of which 734 participated in this study. The response rate was 73.4% (734/1,000). The gender, marital status, education, and residence showed a significant association with the knowledge score. The majority of the study participants were thinking that COVID-19 may be more dangerous in elderly individuals 94.5% (n = 700), and individuals with chronic diseases or severe complications 96.7% (n = 710) (p = 0.00). More than half of the participants 52.5% (n = 385) showed their concern that either they or their family members might get the infection. More than 98% (n = 703), (P-value = 0.00) of the participants held that COVID-19 would be successfully controlled in Pakistan by following the standard SOPs and government guidelines.Conclusion: This study showed that the general population of Pakistan has good awareness and reasonable attitudes and perceptions toward the full features of the COVID-19. The current study suggests that mass-level effective health education programs are necessary for developing countries to improve and limit the gap between KAP toward COVID-19.

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P207 A quality improvement intervention to increase pneumococcal and influenza vaccination rates in immunosuppressed inflammatory arthritis patients

Rheumatology ◽

10.1093/rheumatology/keaa111.202 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 59 (Supplement_2) ◽

Author(s):

Kieran Murray ◽

Candice Low ◽

Francis Young ◽

Anna O'Rourke ◽

Ian Callanan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quality Improvement ◽

Influenza Vaccination ◽

Point Of Care ◽

Low Cost ◽

Smart Phone ◽

Binary Logistic Regression ◽

Quality Improvement Intervention ◽

Binary Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Post Intervention ◽

Vaccination Rates

Abstract Background Pneumococcal and influenza vaccination rates have been suboptimal in studies of immunosuppressed patients. We aimed to assess barriers to and increase rates of 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPSV23) and influenza vaccination in this group. Methods In 2017, Rheumatology outpatients completed an anonymous questionnaire recording vaccination knowledge, status and barriers. Simultaneously, a low-cost multifaceted quality improvement (QI) intervention was performed. All outpatients on oral steroids, immunosuppressant conventional synthetic disease modifying antirheumatic drugs (csDMARDs) or biologics (bDMARDs) were included in the study. In 2018, post-intervention, the clinic was re-assessed. Demographics, diagnosis, medications, smart phone access and willingness to use this for vaccination reminders were assessed for independent vaccination predictors using binary logistic regression analysis. Results 425 patients were included (72.6% rheumatoid arthritis, 74% women, 45.6% ≥60 years old). From 2017-2018, vaccination rates increased for PPSV23 {41.0% to 47.2% (p = 0.29)} and influenza {61.8% to 62.1% (p = 0.95)}. The most common reason for non-vaccination was lack of awareness. Following the intervention, this decreased for influenza (36.7% to 34.2%) and PPSV23 (82.1% to 76.4%). General Practitioners performed most vaccinations, only 3.6% were delivered in hospital. Significant predictors of PPSV23 vaccination were older age {≥80 years had an OR 41.66 (95% CI 3.69-469.8, P = 0.003), compared to ≤ 39 years}, bDMARD use (OR 2.80, 95% CI 1.24-6.32, P = 0.013) and adequate influenza vaccination (OR 9.01, 95% CI 4.40-18.42, P < 0.001). Up to date PPSV23 vaccination (OR 8.93, 95% CI 4.39-18.17, P < 0.001) predicted influenza vaccination. Conclusion PPSV23 and influenza vaccination rates were suboptimal and increased marginally. Point-of-care vaccination may be more effective. Disclosures K. Murray: None. C. Low: None. F. Young: None. A. O'Rourke: None. I. Callanan: None. E. Feeney: None. D. Veale: None.

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Anaemia among mother-father-child pairs in India: examining co-existence of triple burden of anaemia in a family

BMC Public Health ◽

10.1186/s12889-021-11408-1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Pradeep Kumar ◽

Shekhar Chauhan ◽

Ratna Patel ◽

Shobhit Srivastava

Keyword(s):

Parental Education ◽

Family Health ◽

Binary Logistic Regression ◽

Health Concern ◽

Bivariate Analysis ◽

Binary Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Effective Sample Size ◽

Nutritional Knowledge ◽

Chi Square ◽

Family Level

Abstract Background Anaemia is a global health concern and is also a common comorbidity in multiple medical conditions. Very limited research is available examining anaemia among family members in India and across various countries. The present study aimed to examine the co-existence of the triple burden of anaemia among mother-father-child pairs in a family. Methods The data utilized was from the National Family Health Survey conducted in 2015–16. The effective sample size for the study was 26,910 couples, along with children aged 6–59 months. The bivariate and binary logistic regression analysis were applied to assess the factors associated with family-level anaemia. In bivariate analysis, a chi-square test was performed to determine the association of socio-demographic factors with anaemic family. Results More than half of the mothers (57.5%) and their children (58%), along with 10% of fathers, were found to be anaemic; however, the co-existence of triple burden of anaemia among mother-father-child pairs was 4.7% in the study. The likelihood of family-level anaemia was low when both the parents were educated [OR: 0.69, CI: 0.58–0.81], and it was high when both the parents were employed [OR: 1.40 CI: 1.10–1.80]. Families from the Scheduled Tribe had a 62% higher likelihood to suffer from anaemia [OR: 1.62, CI: 1.33–1.97]. Conclusions The suggested interventions include early diagnosis, effective management, and treatment of anaemia. Moreover, adequate complementary feeding practices for children shall also be promoted. Parental education on nutrition is also required, and community interventions are needed to improve parental education on nutrition. At last, there is a need for greater policy and program attention to improving nutritional knowledge among mothers so as to tackle the triple burden of anaemia among mother-father-child pairs.

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Prevalence of Covid-19 Associated Symptoms, Their Onset and Duration, and Variations Among Different Groups of Patients in Bangladesh

Frontiers in Public Health ◽

10.3389/fpubh.2021.738352 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 ◽

Author(s):

Md. Tanzilul Amin ◽

Mahmud Hasan ◽

N. M. Mahmudul Alam Bhuiya

Keyword(s):

Sore Throat ◽

Recovery Time ◽

Binary Logistic Regression ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Binary Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Shortness Of Breath ◽

Snowball Sampling ◽

Chi Square ◽

Associated Symptoms ◽

Male Patients

Objective: This study aimed to assess the prevalence, onset, and duration of COVID-19 associated symptoms, hospitalization, and recovery time from the infection in Bangladesh.Methods: A retrospective study was designed adopting the snowball sampling technique (n = 439). The association of gender, age, and comorbidity on COVID-19 associated complications was determined using chi-square and binary logistic regression analysis (p < 0.05).Result: Fever, exhaustion, cough, loss of taste, sore throat, body ache, and hair-loss were prevalent among more than 50% of the participants and developed within fourth days in above 90% of the patients. Shortness of breath was significantly higher in males (χ2 = 5.671; OR 1.641). Significant comorbidity association on the shortness of breath (χ2 = 40.119; OR 2.564), vomiting (χ2 = 4.422; OR 1.018), and loss of speech (χ2 = 17.299; OR 3.430) was observed. Patients (>40 years) exerted higher association in shortness of breath (χ2 = 24.083; OR 2.901). Age and comorbidity were significantly associated with COVID-19 associated hospitalization (χ2 = 16.890 and χ2 = 23.638, respectively) and recovery time (χ2 = 12.870 and χ2 = 26.924, respectively).Conclusion: The study suggests that the hospitalization rate increased for older (>40 years) and comorbid patients. Comorbid patients demonstrated higher susceptibility to have shortness of breath, vomiting, loss of speech, and confusion, whereas male patients showed significant increase in the prevalence of sore throat, loss of smell, and vomiting compared to female patients.

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