scholarly journals Failure to Eliminate Persistent Anaplasma marginale Infection from Cattle Using Labeled Doses of Chlortetracycline and Oxytetracycline Antimicrobials

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 283
Author(s):  
Andrew K. Curtis ◽  
Michael D. Kleinhenz ◽  
Tippawan Anantatat ◽  
Miriam S. Martin ◽  
Geraldine C. Magnin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Transmitted Disease ◽  
Anaplasma Marginale ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Dosing Regimens ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Therapeutic Doses ◽  
And Control

Bovine anaplasmosis, caused by the intracellular rickettsial pathogen Anaplasma marginale, is the most prevalent tick-transmitted disease of cattle worldwide. In the U.S., tetracycline antimicrobials are commonly used to treat and control anaplasmosis. Oxytetracycline, administered by injection, is indicated for treatment of clinical anaplasmosis in beef and dairy cattle and calves. Chlortetracycline, administered orally, is indicated for control of active anaplasmosis infection in beef and nonlactating dairy cattle. Tetracyclines have been demonstrated to be effective for treating active anaplasmosis, but their ability to eliminate A. marginale at currently approved therapeutic doses or dosing regimens remains unclear. In the absence of approved dosing regimens for A. marginale clearance, a study was conducted to determine the effect of approved oxytetracycline and chlortetracycline indications on A. marginale bacteremia. Fifteen animals with persistent anaplasmosis were enrolled and divided into three treatment groups. Group 1 (n = 6) received oral chlortetracycline (1.1 mg/kg bodyweight) administered via hand-fed medicated feed for 60 consecutive days. Group 2 (n = 6) received injectable oxytetracycline administered subcutaneously at 19.8 mg/kg bodyweight three times in 3-week intervals. Group 3 (n = 3) served as an untreated control. After 60 days, bacteremia failed to permanently decrease in response to treatment. This result indicates that clearance of A. marginale is unlikely to be reliably achieved using currently approved tetracycline-based regimens to manage anaplasmosis.

354 EFFECT OF OOCYTE-SECRETED FACTORS (OSF) ON EMBRYO DEVELOPMENT OF OOCYTES FROM SMALL FOLLICLES OF PREPUBERTAL GOATS

2010 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 333
Author(s):  
R. Romaguera ◽  
A. R. Jiménez-Macedo ◽  
D. Izquierdo ◽  
R. Morató ◽  
M. Català ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Embryo Development ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Secreted Factors ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Test Graph ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
And Control

Prepubertal goat ovaries contain a great number of small follicles, between 2.5 and 3 mm in diameter (Martino A et al. 1994 Theriogenology 41, 969-980). Oocyte-secreted factors (OSFs) act on granulosa cells to perform multiple functions required for an appropriate development of the oocyte. In bovines, co-culture of COCs with denuded oocytes (DOs) during IVM improved COCs embryo development dueto OSFs secreted byDOs (Hussein T et al. 2006 Dev Biol. 296, 514-521). In each step of follicle growth, the OSFs secreted are different (Eppig JJ et al. 2001 Reproduction. 122, 829-838). Our hypothesis is that oocytes from small follicles could improve their embryo development by co-culturing with DOs which secrete additional OSFs. Oocytes from prepubertal goats were classified according to their follicular origin: large follicles (>3 mm), small follicles (<3 mm), and control (oocytes recovered by slicing technique and selected by their morphology). The COCs from small follicles were divided in 3 groups and each one transferred into 150-μL droplets of IVM (TCM-199 with serum, hormones and cysteamine): 1) 30 COCs alone (small group); 2) 30 COCs co-cultured with 75 denuded oocytes from small follicles (SDO group); 3) 30 COCs co-cultured with 75 denuded oocytes from large follicles (LDO group). After 27 h of IVM, COCs were fertilized in vitro and the presumptive zygotes were cultured for 8 days in SOF with 10% FCS. Two samples of oocytes were used as control groups: oocytes fertilized (IVF group) and oocytes activated (activated group).At 48 h and 8 days post-insemination (pi), respectively, cleavage and blastocyst rates were recorded. Results are shown in Table 1. Differences between treatment groups were assessed using Fisher’s exact test (Graph-Pad software, San Diego, CA, USA). Values with P < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Oocytes from small follicle had a significantly lower cleavage and blastocyst rates than IVF and activation oocyte groups. The co-cultured of COCs with SDOs and LDOs increased significantly the blastocyst rate compared to COCs from small follicles. In conclusion, additional OSFs secreted by DOs, improved blastocyst yield of oocytes coming from small follicles. However, not differences were found between OSFs secreted by small or large follicles of prepubertal goat oocytes. Table 1.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Monoklonal Antibodi Bovine Zona Pelusida 3 (bZP3) terhadap Diameter dan Atresia Folikel Ovarium Mencit (Mus musculus)

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Annisa Trissatharra ◽  
Sri Ratna Dwiningsih ◽  
Ratna Sofaria Munir
Keyword(s):  
Mus Musculus ◽  
Ovarian Follicles ◽  
Observation Time ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Objectives: To identify the effect of monoclonal antibody bZP3 at ovarian follicles that undergo atresia and diameter of various ovarian follicles.Materials and Methods: This is a true experimental research with post only control group design. Samples were 36 female mices (Mus musculus) which is divided into 6 groups, there are 3 control groups (group 1, 2, and 3) injected by Phospatase Buffer Saline (PBS) 50µl and 3 treatment groups (group 4, 5, and 6) injected by Mab bZP3 50µl. Group 1 and 4 terminated at 5th day, group 2 and 5 terminated at 10th day, and group 3 and 6 terminated at 20th day. Evaluation of atretic ovarian follicles and diameter of ovarian follicles performed by hematoxylin eosin (HE) and the data processed by parametric statistic.Results: There are no significant in different among groups in the aspect of atretic follicles and diameter of folicles (p>0.05), but descriptively, number of follicles undergo atresia of the follicle primary, secondary, and tertiary treatment group was higher than the control group, except on the 20th day of observation time.Conclusion: administration of Mab bZP3 had no effect to amount of atretic follicles and diameter of folicles during observation time.

scholarly journals Correlation between Dermatoglyphics, Dental Caries and Salivary pH: An Invivo Study

1970 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tegginmani Veeresh ◽  
Ahmed Mujahid ◽  
Patil Deepu ◽  
Reddy Sivaprakash
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Disorders ◽  
Ridge Count ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Salivary Ph ◽  
Loop Pattern ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Free People ◽  
And Control

BACKGROUND: Dermatoglyphic patterns that are often utilized in judicial and legal investigations are valuable in diagnosis of many diseases related to genetic disorders. Caries, being infectious in origin, might be related to genetics as well. Hence, these patterns are of significance in predicting caries development.MATERIALS AND METHODS: DMFT (decayed, missing, filled teeth) score of 300 female subjects within the age group 0f 18-25 years were recorded and accordingly divided into 3 groups of 100 each; group 1 (DMFT score=0), group 2 (DMFT score < 5) and group 3 (DMFT score ≥ 5). Dermatoglyphic patterns were recorded using Cummins and Midlo method. pH meter was used for recording salivary pH accurately. Fingerprint patterns and salivary pH recorded were correlated with DMFT scores of subject and control groups. Statistical analysis was performed using ANOVA and Chi-square tests (P < 0.05).RESULTS: The mean salivary pH was least in group 3. The predominant dermatoglyphic pattern observed in groups 1 and 2 was loop pattern whereas, in group 3, whorl pattern was predominant. The TFRC (total finger ridge count) was higher in group 3 compared to the other two groups.CONCLUSION: Caries-free people showed inflated frequency of loops, whereas subjects with high decay score had additional share of whorls. The TFRC was higher in individuals with high DMFT score, and salivary pH was inversely proportional to the DMFT score. 

scholarly journals Al-Qur�an dan Sains?(Bukti Kebenaran dalam Kasus Propolis Madu)

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
MF. Zenrif Dan Erna Susanti
Keyword(s):  
Free Radicals ◽  
Liver Damage ◽  
Rhodamine B ◽  
Therapy Group ◽  
Carcinogenic Effect ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Dose Levels ◽  
Rhodamin B

Exposure free radicals in the activity of this life can not be avoided, included exposure free radicals from food additive espesifically Rhodamine B. Carcinogenic effect of Rhodamin B can be caused by Poly Aromatic Hydrocarbons structure that are destructive to the liver as metabolism organ. The purpose of this study was to prove the antioxidant activity of Honey Propolis against liver damage caused by exposure of Rhodamine B as free radical sources. Indicator of liver damage can be indicated by MDA, a marker of oxidative stress that occurs in these organs. The methode was used experimental methode, with seven treatment groups, namely: (1) normal group, (2) the induction of Rhodamin B without propolis therapy group, (3) the induction of Rhodamin B with Honey Propolis therapy with three dose levels are 350 mg, 700 mg and 1050 mg that are given at intervals of two hours after the administration of Rhodamine B (4) Honey Propolis therapy groups are given at interval of 1 week aftertheadministrationof RhodamineBwiththreedoselevels.MDAlevelsweremeasuredbyTBARS method. The results showed that the levels of Malondialdehyde declined steadily in the group treated with honey propolis to less than control groups. There are significant differences in MDA levels between the treatment groups Honey Propolis therapy (p = 0.034, p <0.05). Based on these results, it can be concluded that Honey propolis dose 700 mg act as therapeutic agent in liver damage due to exposure of Rhodamine B significantly.The results ofthis studyprove thetruth ofthe Quraninthe QS. Al-Nahl (16): 69of thewonders ofhoneyin preventingliver damagedue toexposure tohazardous substancesin food.

scholarly journals In Vivo Therapeutic Effect of Triclabendazole + Levamisole on Hydatid Cyst in Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-20
Author(s):  
Peyman Sadeghi ◽  
Yagoob Garedaghi ◽  
Mirhadi Khayatnouri ◽  
Hosein Hashemzade Farhang ◽  
Ramin Kaffash Elahi
Keyword(s):  
Hydatid Cyst ◽  
Close Contact ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Hydatid Cysts ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
And Control

Introduction: Hydatidosis is a global disease and one of the most dangerous zoonotic diseases which is found in areas where humans, dogs, and herbivores are in close contact with each other. Methods: In this study, a total of 64 rats were divided into control and case groups, and then 3000 protoscolices were injected into the peritoneal cavity. After 2 months, rats in the case group were given triclabendazole + levamisole at a dose of 6 mg + 4.41 mg/mL orally for 60 days, respectively. Then, after 6 months of infection, the rats of the control and case groups were killed by anesthesia and then an autopsy was performed and the viscera were carefully examined for hydatid cyst infection. Results: The results showed that in the control group, 3 cysts were observed in the liver, 10 in the kidney, and 88 in the lung. The mean number of hydatid cysts in this group was determined to be 33.6. In the case group, 2 cysts were observed in the liver, 6 in the kidney, and 64 in the lungs. The mean number of hydatid cysts in the viscera was 24 in the case group. Conclusions: Statistical analysis of the results obtained from the case and control groups showed that the therapeutic efficacy of triclabendazole + levamisole was 31%, which is not enough to treat cases of hydatid cyst.

Evaluation of intra-articular and subcutaneous administration of meloxicam for postoperative analgesia following stifle surgery in dogs

2011 ◽  
Vol 24 (01) ◽  
pp. 32-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Hosgood ◽  
E. Rowe ◽  
K. A. Lemke ◽  
P. Moak
Keyword(s):  
Postoperative Analgesia ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Subcutaneous Administration ◽  
Cranial Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Routes Of Administration ◽  
Vas Scores ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Effect Of Treatment ◽  
Group 2

SummaryThe objective of this study was to compare the efficacy of meloxicam when given by intra-articular (IA) and subcutaneous (SC) routes of administration for postoperative analgesia versus a placebo for dogs undergoing stifle surgery. Twenty-five dogs with cranial cruciate ligament rupture (CCLR) were randomly assigned to one of three treatment groups, each with nine dogs, before surgical repair of twenty-seven stifles using a modified lateral retinacular imbrication technique. Group 1 dogs received IA administration of meloxicam and SC placebo. Group 2 dogs received IA placebo and SC meloxicam. Group 3 dogs received IA and SC administration of placebo. Dogs were assessed for pain by blinded observers using a visual analog scale (VAS), a numerical pain scoring system (NPS), and measurement of pain threshold using an algometer applied to the affected stifle. Assessments were made prior to pre-medication, postoperatively at the time of extubation, and at 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 16, 20, and 24 hours following extubation. The results did not identify any significant effect of treatment between groups on the VAS data, algometer readings, or NPS data. Significantly increased VAS scores and decreased algometer readings were noted from preoperative to postoperative times. No differences were noted in early postoperative pain between dogs treated with IA meloxicam, SC meloxicam, or placebo.While intra-articular non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug administration has shown efficacy in joint surgery for people, we did not find any evidence to support its use in dogs undergoing repair of CCLR.

scholarly journals Comparative Analysis of Biofilm Removal Efficacy by Multisonic Ultracleaning System and Passive Ultrasonic Activation

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (21) ◽  
pp. 3492 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hae Won Choi ◽  
Seong Yeon Park ◽  
Mo Kwan Kang ◽  
Won Jun Shon
Keyword(s):  
Negative Control ◽  
Ultrasonic Activation ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Mandibular Molars ◽  
Maxillary Molars ◽  
Biofilm Removal ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Hematoxylin And Eosin ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2

The purpose of this study was to compare disinfection and the biofilm removal efficacy of the GentleWave System (Sonendo, Inc., Laguna Hills, CA, USA) with passive ultrasonic activation method. Forty-seven freshly extracted human molars were inoculated with Enterococcus faecalis and cultured for five weeks to establish biofilm. Eight molars were tested for confirmation of infection. Four of the eight teeth were not inoculated in order to provide a negative control. The remaining 39 inoculated molars were randomly separated into three treatment groups (n = 13 per group): Group 1—no treatment, Group 2—conventional rotary instrumentation and passive ultrasonic activation, and Group 3—minimal instrumentation and the GentleWave System treatment. Roots were subsequently prepared per standard histological tissue processing procedures. Modified Brown and Brenn stained sections and Hematoxylin and Eosin stained sections were visualized at 4× and 13.5× magnification using a stereomicroscope. The sections were scored and blindly analyzed by two independent evaluators, including a histopathologist, to evaluate the presence of biofilm on canal wall. A significant difference was found between Group 2 and Group 3 in both apical and middle regions (p = 0.001) of the mesial roots of mandibular molars and mesiobuccal roots of maxillary molars. Group 3 revealed significantly less biofilm than the controls (p = 0.003). The GentleWave System demonstrated significantly greater reduction in biofilm within the mesial roots of mandibular molars and mesiobuccal roots of maxillary molars than those treated with conventional rotary instrumentation and passive ultrasonic activation protocol.

An outbreak of oriental theileriosis in dairy cattle imported to Vietnam from Australia

Parasitology ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 144 (6) ◽  
pp. 738-746 ◽  
Author(s):  
HAGOS GEBREKIDAN ◽  
LINDA NELSON ◽  
GREG SMITH ◽  
ROBIN B. GASSER ◽  
ABDUL JABBAR
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Surface Protein ◽  
Theileria Orientalis ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Cattle Blood ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Major Piroplasm Surface Protein ◽  
Group 1

SUMMARYThis study reports an outbreak of oriental theileriosis in dairy cattle imported to Vietnam from Australia. Following clinical and pathological diagnoses, a total of 112 cattle blood samples were divided into three groups and tested using multiplexed tandem PCR. Group 1 were from aborted heifers in Vietnam; group 2 were from cattle before shipment from group 1 cattle and group 3 were from the same batch of cattle but transported to Taiwan. Theileria orientalis DNA was detected in 72·3% cattle. The prevalences of T. orientalis in groups 1, 2 and 3 were 77·6, 86·9 and 57·5%, respectively, and the difference in prevalence was significant between groups 1 and 3 (P < 0·0001). The infection intensities of genotypes chitose and ikeda of T. orientalis were higher in groups 1 (57 721 and 33 709, respectively) and 3 (5897 and 61 766, respectively) than those in group 2 (2071 and 6331, respectively). Phylogenetic analyses of the major piroplasm surface protein sequences revealed that genotypes chitose and ikeda determined herein were closely related to those previously reported from Australia. This first report of an outbreak of oriental theileriosis in imported cattle emphasizes improved measures for the export and import of cattle infected with T. orientalis.

Heterogeneity Within the Fibromyalgia Population: Theoretical Implications of Variable Tender Point Severity Ratings

2009 ◽  
Vol 36 (12) ◽  
pp. 2795-2801 ◽  
Author(s):  
HILARY D. WILSON ◽  
TERENCE W. STARZ ◽  
JAMES P. ROBINSON ◽  
DENNIS C. TURK
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
General Pattern ◽  
Shoulder Girdle ◽  
Tender Point ◽  
Response Patterns ◽  
American College Of Rheumatology ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
And Control

Objective.The American College of Rheumatology (ACR) tender point (TP) criterion is used in diagnosing fibromyalgia syndrome (FM). There has been little research investigating patterns of positive TP. We investigated response patterns of TP in a sample of patients with FM.Methods.Manual TP survey data were available on 1433 patients with FM. Factor analysis was conducted on ACR TP and control (CON) points. Factor scores were cluster analyzed to identify subgroups based on TP scores. Subgroups were compared on demographic and psychosocial variables.Results.Factor analysis resulted in 4 TP groupings: neck/shoulder girdle, gluteal/trochanteric, and upper extremity regions, and a set of CON TP. Cluster analysis revealed 3 clusters. Group 1 was high on all 3 TP regions and the CON set; Group 2 moderate on the 3 TP regions, low on the CON set; and Group 3 was relatively low on all 3 TP regions and the CON set. The group highest on the CON and TP regions reported the greatest pain (7.58 ± 1.23; p < 0.001), sleep disturbance (7.05 ± 1.61; p < 0.001), anxiety (10.14 ± 4.57; p < 0.001), and depression (8.42 ± 4.4; p < 0.001).Conclusion.TP severity ratings varied among cluster groups, suggesting patients with FM are not homogeneous. Variations in TP severity provide information regarding the degree to which FM affects patients’ quality of life. Patients with elevated scores on the CON TP demonstrated a general pattern reflecting lower thresholds for symptom reporting and, perhaps, disease severity. Research is needed to elucidate mechanisms underlying heterogeneity among the FM population.

scholarly journals The Effect of the Model of Eradication of Dengue Fever Vector Movement of Housewives Monitoring Larva in Efforts to Prevent Dengue Fever in Mojolangu Village, Lowokwaru District Malang

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fiashriel Lundy ◽  
◽  
Prima Soultoni Akbar ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Dengue Fever ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Viral Disease ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Self Awareness ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Intervention Models ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

ABSTRACT Background: In recent years, the incidence and geographic distribution of dengue fever have greatly increased. Dengue fever is an acute viral disease transmitted by mosquitoes and is characterized by fever, headache, muscle and joint pain, skin rash, nausea and vomiting. The Mosquito Nest Eradication Program (PSN) through 3M Plus needs to be carried out continuously throughout the year, especially in the rainy season through the movement of housewife who monitor larvae. This study aimed to determine the effect of the dengue fever vector eradication model through the housewife movement of larva monitoring in the efforts of dengue fever prevention in Mojolangu Village, Malang City. Subjects and Method: This was a quasi-experiment using 2 treatment groups and 1 control group conducted at Mojolangu village, Lowokwaru district, Malang. A sample of 90 respondents divided into three groups was selected by purposive sampling. The dependent variable was DHF Prevention Efforts (Larva Monitoring). The independent variables were Dengue Fever Vector Eradication Model. The data were collected by questionnaire and observation. The data was analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis. Results: After being given treatment in group 1 (educated by health workers) and group 2 (trained cadres) the ability increased to be very good by 83% and 53%. In group 3 (control) his ability improved by 37%. Group 1 has the most effective influence in increasing knowledge and skills. Then group 2 with a significance value of <0.001 (p <0.005). Conclusion: Housewife are a resource in Family Empowerment and Intervention models. The eradication of dengue vectors needs regular monitoring and monitoring so that self-awareness and independence from the family can increase so that the degree of health can be achieved optimally. Keywords: Model, eradication, vector, dengue fever, larva Correspondence: Fiashriel Lundy. School of Health Polytechnics, Ministry of Health Malang. Jl. Besar Ijen No 77, Oro-oro Dowo, Klojen sub-distric, Malang, East Java. Email: [email protected]. Mobile: 0811367446 DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.05.16

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