To the question of occupational pathology developing under acceptable working conditions (on the example of workers of enterprises in the Russian Arctic)

2020 ◽  
pp. 6-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Syurin
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Occupational Diseases ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Length Of Service ◽  
Sick People ◽  
Production Factors ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Chemical Factors ◽  
Health Disorders ◽  
Medical Examinations

The purpose of the study is to investigate occupational pathology that develops under acceptable levels of harmful production factors. Results. It has been found that 0.77% of all cases of occupational diseases in 2007-2018 developed under acceptable working conditions in the enterprises of the Arctic (66 out of 8609 diseases). Their features were: 1) shortened length of service of the sick people (20.2 ± 1.5 years); 2) younger age (47.8 ± 1.2 years); 3) larger proportion of women among the sick people; 4) greater role of chemical factors and severity of work in the development of health disorders; 5) more frequent development of diseases among workers of certain professions; 6) different structure of classes and nosological forms of occupational diseases; 7) increased proportion of acute industrial poisoning in the structure of occupational diseases. Exposure to harmful production factors with exposure levels not exceeding hygiene standards became possible more often due to design flaws in machines, mechanisms and other equipment (54.5%). Detection of most occupational diseases in people working in acceptable working conditions took place because they sought medical help themselves due to deterioration of health (in 66.7% of cases). 59.9-66.2% of diseases in people working in harmful and dangerous working conditions were diagnosed according to the results of periodic medical examinations. Conclusion. There is a need for a deeper understanding of the causes and preventive methods of occupational health disorders that develop under acceptable working conditions.

scholarly journals Gender features of occupational pathology in the Russian Arctic

2020 ◽  
Vol 99 (6) ◽  
pp. 531-537
Author(s):  
Sergei A. Syurin ◽  
N. M. Frolova
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Occupational Diseases ◽  
Comparative Investigation ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Morbidity Rate ◽  
Russian Arctic ◽  
Chemical Factors ◽  
Gender Characteristics ◽  
Noise Vibration

Introduction. An interest in studying the gender characteristics of occupational pathology is determined by increasing economic activity in the Arctic and the upcoming expansion of women’s access to occupations with harmful working conditions.The purpose of the study was to carry out a comparative investigation of working conditions and occupational pathology among male and female workers at enterprises in the Arctic.Material and methods. The data of socio-hygienic monitoring “Working conditions and occupational morbidity” of the population of the Russian Arctic in 2007-2018 were studied.Results and discussion. 92.6% of occupational diseases have been established to occur in men due to more harmful working conditions (fibrogenic aerosols, noise, whole-body, and hand-arm vibration, the severity of labor). The risk of their occurrence in 2018 was higher than in 2007 (RR = 1.71; CI 1.51-1.93) and higher than in women (RR = 9.45; CI 7.19-12.4). Unlike men, 48.8% of women worked at facilities of the first group of sanitary and epidemiological welfare (satisfactory conditions) and they had in 2007-2018 a relatively stable number of newly diagnosed occupational diseases. The risk of occupational pathology in women in 2018 and 2007 did not change significantly (RR = 1.07; CI 0.73-1.59). In the structure of occupational diseases in men, the first places are occupied by vibration disease (24.2%), sensorineural hearing loss (20.3%) and radiculopathy (20.1%), and in women - myofibrosis of the forearms (21.2%), radiculopathy(13.7%) and chronic bronchitis (13.4%).Conclusion. Reducing exposure to physical overloads, fibrogenic aerosols, noise, vibration, and chemical factors should be a priority preventive direction at enterprises in the Arctic, especially among male workers whose occupational morbidity rate tends to increase.

Professional pathology in the production of aluminum in the Kola Arctic

2020 ◽  
pp. 767-767
Author(s):  
S. A. Syurin ◽  
S. A. Gorbanev
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Occupational Diseases ◽  
Scientific Explanation ◽  
Marked Decrease ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Aluminium Production ◽  
First Time

In 2007-2017, 22 occupational diseases were diagnosed for the first time in 18 workers engaged in aluminium production in the Arctic. A marked decrease in occupational morbidity in 2010-2017 was found, which was not associated with changes in working conditions and therefore requires an appropriate scientific explanation.

Working conditions and occupational pathology of coal miners in the Arctic

2019 ◽  
pp. 452-457 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. A. Gorbanev ◽  
S. A. Syurin ◽  
N. M. Frolova
Keyword(s):  
Coal Mining ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Occupational Diseases ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Coal Mines ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Morbidity Rate ◽  
Coal Miners ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Impact

Introduction. Due to the impact of adverse working conditions and climate, workers in coal-mining enterprises in the Arctic are at increased risk of occupational diseases (OD).The aim of the study was to study the working conditions, causes, structure and prevalence of occupational diseases in miners of coal mines in the Arctic.Materials and methods. Th e data of social and hygienic monitoring “Working conditions and occupational morbidity” of the population of Vorkuta and Chukotka Autonomous District in 2007–2017 are studied.Results. It was established that in 2007–2017 years, 2,296 ODs were diagnosed for the first time in 1851 coal mines, mainly in the drifters, clearing face miners, repairmen and machinists of mining excavating machines. Most often, the ODs occurred when exposed to the severity of labor, fibrogenic aerosols and hand-arm vibration. The development of professional pathology in 98% of cases was due to design flaws of machines and mechanisms, as well as imperfections of workplaces and technological processes. Diseases of the musculoskeletal system (36.2%), respiratory organs (28.9%) and nervous system (22.5%) prevailed in the structure of professional pathology of miners of coal mines. Among the three most common nosological forms of OD were radiculopathy (32.1%), chronic bronchitis (27.7%) and mono-polyneuropathy (15.4%). In 2017, coal miners in the Arctic had a professional morbidity rate of 2.82 times higher than the national rates for coal mining.Conclusions. To preserve the health of miners of coal mining enterprises, technical measures to improve working conditions and medical interventions aimed at increasing the body’s resistance to the effects of harmful production and climatic factors are necessary.

How to detect occupational diseases associated with the exposure to chemical factors

2020 ◽  
pp. 26-35
Author(s):  
Sergey Babanov
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Occupational Diseases ◽  
Educational Institution ◽  
Physical Nature ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Physical Factors ◽  
Ministry Of Health ◽  
Production Factors ◽  
Chemical Factors ◽  
Medical University

Diseases of the kidneys and urinary tract, primarily of toxic and chemical etiology, constitute a large proportion of occupational diseases. Various production factors of both chemical and physical nature can cause the development of nephropathies. Sergey Babanov, Doctor of Medicine, Professor, Head of the Department of occupational diseases and clinical pharmacology at the Federal State-Funded Educational Institution of Higher Education Samara State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, chief freelance specialist in occupational pathology at the Ministry of Health of the Samara region, speaks about occupational diseases of the kidneys and urinary tract associated with the exposure to chemical and physical factors.

Increased severity of labor is the most important risk factor of occupational diseases at enterprises in the Arctic

2020 ◽  
pp. 26-34
Author(s):  
S.A. Syurin
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Diseases ◽  
Cumulative Effect ◽  
Occupational Exposures ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Physical Factors ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
Production Factors ◽  
Permissible Levels ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Total Structure

In Russia, in the structure of harmful production factors that cause the development of occupational pathology, the severity of labor takes the second place. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of increased labor severity on the occurrence, prevalence and structure of occupational diseases in workers at enterprises in the Arctic. The analysis included results of the monitoring study “Working conditions and occupational morbidity” of the population of the Arctic zone of Russia in 2008 – 2018. It was found that in 2008-2018 there was a significant increase in the etiological significance of increased labor severity in the development of occupational pathology: the share of the factor in the total structure of harmful occupational exposures increased from 7.4% to 8.9% (p <0.001), and that of occupational diseases caused by increased labor severity - from 18.6% to 46.9% (p <0.001). Two thirds of occupational diseases caused by the increased severity of labor occur in miners, and diseases of the musculoskeletal system dominate in their structure (80.1%). The risk of developing this group of occupational health disorders in 2018 was higher than in 2008: RR=3,95; CI 3,13-4,99; χ2 =155,9; р<0,001. In contrast to the Russian Federation as a whole, where the increased severity of labor ranks second among the occupational pathology causing factors (24.7%), in the Russian Arctic it came out on top in 2018 (46.9%), exceeding the cumulative effect of all physical factors (44.0%). When carrying out recreational activities and prevention of occupational pathology at enterprises in the Arctic, special attention should be paid to achieving permissible levels of labor severity among workers engaged in mining operations.

Comprehensive Assessment of Working Conditions and Occupational Disease Rates at Mining and Metallurgical Enterprises

2021 ◽  
pp. 114-119
Author(s):  
A.G. Chebotarev ◽  
D.D. Sementsova
Keyword(s):  
Ferrous Metallurgy ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Occupational Diseases ◽  
Underground Mining ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Aluminum Production ◽  
Dump Truck ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
Production Factors ◽  
Aluminum Smelters

The paper presents the results of hygienic assessment of the working environment and work process factors at surface and underground ore mining operations, ferrous metallurgy plants and aluminum production facilities. It has been established that workers are affected by a complex of production factors (dust, toxic substances, noise, vibration, unfavorable micro climate, etc.), the level of which often exceeds the hygienic standards. The workplace conditions of the primary jobs at these enterprises in 60-80% of cases are classified as hazardous, i.e. Class 3 of various hazard degrees. The incidence of occupational diseases remains high, especially in underground mining and at aluminum production plants. The specific features of mining and metallurgical operations and the severity of unfavorable production factors determine the structure of occupational morbidity. Occupational respiratory diseases are most common among workers in the ferrous metallurgy industry and account for 70.3% in total. Vibration-induced pathologies are most frequently diagnosed among excavator, bulldozer and dump truck operators, and account for 52.9% of all the diagnosed occupational diseases. Hearing organ pathology in the form of neurosensory loss of hearing among workers of mining and metallurgical enterprises ranges from 10.2% (aluminum smelters) to 22.7% (ferrous metallurgy plants) in the occupational morbidity structure. Chronic intoxication with fluorine compounds at aluminum smelters was diagnosed in 68.1% of cases. The results obtained confirm the pressing need to improve the working conditions, introduce preventive measures based on the primary prevention principles, and reduce the risk factors of health problems among the workers.

scholarly journals Сriteria and algorithms of work-relatedness assessment of workers’ health disorders.

2018 ◽  
pp. 4-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. V. Bukhtiyarov ◽  
E. I. Denisov ◽  
G. N. Lagutina ◽  
V. F. Pfaf ◽  
P. V. Chesalin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Medicine ◽  
Occupational Diseases ◽  
Support Programs ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Work Related ◽  
European Experience ◽  
Recognition Systems ◽  
Health Disorders ◽  
Based Medicine ◽  
Medical Examinations

An analysis of the literature and an essay on the problem of recognizing the diseases of workers — diagnosis and causation(work-relatedness assessment) are given. A historical reference is made on the etiology of workers’ diseases and the statements of the classics about the causality in medicine. The main categories of occupational medicine and terminology of the WHO and ILO, the principles of evidence in occupational health are considered. The WHO concept of work-related diseases (WRD), occupational disease (OD) recognition systems under ILO Convention No. 121, features of the ILO occupational diseases list (revision 2010), and the criteria for inclusion of diseases in this list are presented.The general provisions of causation, types of causation algorithms in consensus and evidence-based medicine, as well as a generalized algorithm for analyzing periodic medical examinations data are considered. The European experience of recognition of WRD is considered. Based on experience and literature data, we propose a 10-step causation algorithm, including forecasting the probability of OD and WRD, as well as quantifying the degree of work-relatedness with computer support programs from the electronic directory «Occupational Risk» (http://medtrud. com/). It is concluded that legal recognition of WRD is needed for early diagnosis and prophylaxis of workers’ health disorders in conditions of digitalization of the economy and society.

scholarly journals Questions of ethical regulation of immunobiological therapy of some occupational lung diseases

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 131-140
Author(s):  
L. A. Shpagina ◽  
L. A. Panacheva ◽  
E. V. Zolotukhina
Keyword(s):  
Lung Diseases ◽  
Occupational Diseases ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Interstitial Lung Diseases ◽  
Production Factors ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Medical Documents ◽  
Occupational Lung Diseases ◽  
Medical Examinations

Objective. Taking into account a high prevalence of occupational pathology associated with the exposure of industrial aerosols, to analyze the principles of therapy used for patients with these diseases. Materials and methods. The regulating medical documents, the data of preventive medical examinations as well as the principles of therapy applied for patients with occupational diseases, which are presented in scientific literarure, are analyzed. Results. The role of harmful production factors in the formation of pneumoconiosis and alveolitis, which join the group of interstitial lung diseases (ILD), has been proved. The outcome of these occupational diseases is fibrosing alveolitis with the development of diffuse pulmonary fibrosis. In the treatment of ILD, immunobiological drugs (IBD) are used to suppress the immune processes selectively affecting the monoclonal antibodies, blocking of which interrupts inflammation and in 90 % of cases stops the further development of the disease. Conclusions. The use of immunobiological drugs in clinical practice should be carried out within the framework of ethical and legal regulation between the patient and the doctor.

MODERN ASPECTS OF PROFESSIONAL PATHOLOGICAL CARE TO AGRICULTURAL WORKERS

2019 ◽  
pp. 19-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.N. Danilov ◽  
G.A. Bezrukova ◽  
V.F. Spirin
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Professional Education ◽  
Occupational Diseases ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Agricultural Workers ◽  
Occupational Physicians ◽  
Scientific Organizations ◽  
Total Structure ◽  
Higher Professional Education ◽  
Medical Examinations

We revealed a decrease of 19.2 percent in the number of workers in hazardous working conditions during the from 2011 to 2017 period based on the analysis of updated data on working conditions in the agricultural sector of the economy, regional levels of occupational morbidity, accessibility of medical organizations to rural residents and occupational morbidity of agricultural workers, which was not accompanied by a corresponding drop in the share of this cohort in the total structure of employees in the agricultural sector, whose share decreased by 4.4 percent. The coverage of agricultural workers with periodic medical examinations increased from 75.6 percent (2011) to 82.7 percent (2017) along with the increase in the provision of rural health institutions with occupational physicians from 43.3 to 60.0 percent of the level for need. The number of subjects of the Russian Federation on whose territory cases of occupational diseases were recorded decreased by 25.6 percent: from 39 to 29 regions during the period from 2011 to 2017. At the same time, the level of occupational morbidity increased by 32.3 percent from 1.27 (2015) to 1.68 (2017) per 10 thousand workers in the industry. 43.7 − 57.2 percent of occupational diseases’ cases were diagnosed in self-referral to the centers of occupational pathology for different years of observation. Most cases of occupational diseases were detected by the centers of professional pathology operating on the basis of scientific organizations of Rospotrebnadzor, research institutes of hygienic profile of federal subordination and institutions of higher professional education of the Russian Ministry of Health.

Features of occupational pathology of construction workers in the Arctic

2021 ◽  
pp. 32-42
Author(s):  
Sergey Alekseevich Syurin
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Occupational Diseases ◽  
Musculoskeletal Diseases ◽  
Construction Workers ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Annual Number ◽  
Arctic Zone ◽  
Monitoring Study ◽  
Technical Measures

Construction is one of the most important sectors of the economy. The purpose of the study was to investigate the working conditions and occupational pathology of workers in the construction industry in the Arctic zone of Russia in 2008–2018. Materials and methods. The analysis included results of the monitoring study «Working conditions and occupational morbidity» of the population of the Arctic zone of Russia in 2008–2018. Results. It was found that in 2008–2018, 145 occupational diseases were first identified among builders. Most often occupational pathology developed in women (n = 86) who worked as painters (n = 48) and plasterers (n = 26). The increased severity of work was the cause of the development of 55.9 % of occupational pathology cases. In its structure, diseases of the musculoskeletal system (43.4 %), respiratory organs (18.6 %) and the nervous system (15.9 %) were most prevalent. The most prevalent nosological units were monopolyneuropathy, arthrosis of the joints of the extremities and sensorineural hearing loss (13.8 % each). Mainly occupational diseases (80 cases or 55.2 %) were first diagnosed as a result of workers’ self-appeal for medical help. The annual number of diagnosed diseases ranged from 5 to 27 cases. In general, over 10 years there was a trend towards an increase in the number of occupational diseases. In 2018, the risk of formation of occupational pathology among construction workers significantly exceeded the level of 2008: RR = 3.51; CI 1.65–7.46; χ2 = 12.4; p = 0.0005. Conclusion. Prevention of occupational pathology among builders in the Arctic should, first of all, include technical measures to reduce the severity of labor processes in the «female» construction professions (painter and plasterer) and medical measures to prevent the musculoskeletal diseases.

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