Increased severity of labor is the most important risk factor of occupational diseases at enterprises in the Arctic

2020 ◽  
pp. 26-34
Author(s):  
S.A. Syurin
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Diseases ◽  
Cumulative Effect ◽  
Occupational Exposures ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Physical Factors ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
Production Factors ◽  
Permissible Levels ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Total Structure

In Russia, in the structure of harmful production factors that cause the development of occupational pathology, the severity of labor takes the second place. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of increased labor severity on the occurrence, prevalence and structure of occupational diseases in workers at enterprises in the Arctic. The analysis included results of the monitoring study “Working conditions and occupational morbidity” of the population of the Arctic zone of Russia in 2008 – 2018. It was found that in 2008-2018 there was a significant increase in the etiological significance of increased labor severity in the development of occupational pathology: the share of the factor in the total structure of harmful occupational exposures increased from 7.4% to 8.9% (p <0.001), and that of occupational diseases caused by increased labor severity - from 18.6% to 46.9% (p <0.001). Two thirds of occupational diseases caused by the increased severity of labor occur in miners, and diseases of the musculoskeletal system dominate in their structure (80.1%). The risk of developing this group of occupational health disorders in 2018 was higher than in 2008: RR=3,95; CI 3,13-4,99; χ2 =155,9; р<0,001. In contrast to the Russian Federation as a whole, where the increased severity of labor ranks second among the occupational pathology causing factors (24.7%), in the Russian Arctic it came out on top in 2018 (46.9%), exceeding the cumulative effect of all physical factors (44.0%). When carrying out recreational activities and prevention of occupational pathology at enterprises in the Arctic, special attention should be paid to achieving permissible levels of labor severity among workers engaged in mining operations.

LONG-TERM ANALYSIS OF OCCUPATIONAL MORBIDITY IN ULYANOVSK REGION

2021 ◽  
pp. 111-119
Author(s):  
N.S. Shapoval
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Occupational Diseases ◽  
Disease Onset ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Physical Factors ◽  
Production Factors ◽  
Ulyanovsk Region ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Impact

The best way to prevent occupational diseases is to identify the impact of harmful production factors on the employees at an early stage and to develop an occupational risk management system. This can be proved by indicators of occupational morbidity. The purpose of the study is to compare the dynamics of occupational morbidity, structure of reported occupational diseases in Ulyanovsk region, Volga Federal District and the Russian Federation in 2015–2019. Materials and Methods. The paper presents statistical data on the level and structure of occupational morbidity. The authors analyzed such parameters as industrial sector, enterprise, gender and age of workers, length of service under harmful production factors, harmful production factors that caused occupational diseases, levels of harmful production factors, circumstances of disease onset. Results. The level of occupational morbidity in Ulyanovsk region continues to decline. The same trend is observed in the Russian Federation and the Volga Federal District. Analysis of occupational morbidity, depending on the industrial sector, showed that at present in Ulyanovsk region the first place in the number of occupational diseases is occupied by air transport enterprises. Until 2018, the leading enterprises were those producing components and accessories for motor vehicles. There were no significant changes in the structure of occupational morbidity. In Ulyanovsk region, Volga Federal District and the Russian Federation as a whole, occupational diseases caused by physical factors come first. Sensorineural hearing loss prevails in this group of occupational diseases. The level of occupational diseases in the region in different years reflects the quality of medical care. The authors pay attention to the role of the occupational health center in solving organizational, methodological and practical tasks for identification, treatment and prevention of occupational diseases. We also identified the problems for regional healthcare organizations. Problem solving can improve treatment delivery to the employable population. Key words: occupational diseases, level of professional qualification, employable population, harmful production factors. Основой профилактики профессиональных заболеваний является раннее выявление воздействия вредных производственных факторов на организм работающих и разработка системы управления профессиональными рисками. Доказательством этого могут служить показатели профессиональной заболеваемости. Цель исследования – сравнительный анализ динамики профессиональной заболеваемости, структуры выявляемой профессиональной патологии в Ульяновской области, Приволжском федеральном округе и РФ в 2015–2019 гг. Материалы и методы. Приведены статистические данные об уровне и структуре профессиональной заболеваемости. Проанализированы такие показатели, как отрасль промышленности, предприятие, пол, возраст работников, стаж работы в условиях вредных производственных факторов, вредные производственные факторы, которые привели к развитию профзаболевания, уровни вредных производственных факторов, обстоятельства возникновения. Результаты. Уровень профессиональной заболеваемости в Ульяновской области продолжает снижаться, такая же тенденция отмечается в РФ и ПФО. Анализ профессиональной заболеваемости в зависимости от отрасли производства показал, что в настоящее время в Ульяновской области первое место по количеству профессиональных заболеваний занимают предприятия воздушного транспорта. До 2018 г. лидирующими были предприятия по производству комплектующих и принадлежностей для автотранспортных средств. В структуре профессиональной заболеваемости каких-либо существенных изменений не произошло. В Ульяновской области, как в ПФО и РФ в целом, профессиональная патология от воздействия физических факторов занимает первое место. В этой группе профессиональных заболеваний превалирует нейросенсорная тугоухость. Уровень профессиональных заболеваний в различные годы в регионе отражает качество оказания медицинской помощи. Показана роль Центра профпатологии в решении организационно-методических и практических задач по выявлению, лечению и профилактике профессиональных заболеваний. Для медицинских организаций региона, занимающихся охраной здоровья работающих в контакте с вредными производственными факторами, определены задачи, которые позволят улучшить систему оказания медицинской помощи трудоспособному населению. Ключевые слова: профессиональные заболевания, уровень профессиональной подготовки, трудоспособное население, вредные производственные факторы.

How to detect occupational diseases associated with the exposure to chemical factors

2020 ◽  
pp. 26-35
Author(s):  
Sergey Babanov
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Occupational Diseases ◽  
Educational Institution ◽  
Physical Nature ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Physical Factors ◽  
Ministry Of Health ◽  
Production Factors ◽  
Chemical Factors ◽  
Medical University

Diseases of the kidneys and urinary tract, primarily of toxic and chemical etiology, constitute a large proportion of occupational diseases. Various production factors of both chemical and physical nature can cause the development of nephropathies. Sergey Babanov, Doctor of Medicine, Professor, Head of the Department of occupational diseases and clinical pharmacology at the Federal State-Funded Educational Institution of Higher Education Samara State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, chief freelance specialist in occupational pathology at the Ministry of Health of the Samara region, speaks about occupational diseases of the kidneys and urinary tract associated with the exposure to chemical and physical factors.

Comprehensive Assessment of Working Conditions and Occupational Disease Rates at Mining and Metallurgical Enterprises

2021 ◽  
pp. 114-119
Author(s):  
A.G. Chebotarev ◽  
D.D. Sementsova
Keyword(s):  
Ferrous Metallurgy ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Occupational Diseases ◽  
Underground Mining ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Aluminum Production ◽  
Dump Truck ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
Production Factors ◽  
Aluminum Smelters

The paper presents the results of hygienic assessment of the working environment and work process factors at surface and underground ore mining operations, ferrous metallurgy plants and aluminum production facilities. It has been established that workers are affected by a complex of production factors (dust, toxic substances, noise, vibration, unfavorable micro climate, etc.), the level of which often exceeds the hygienic standards. The workplace conditions of the primary jobs at these enterprises in 60-80% of cases are classified as hazardous, i.e. Class 3 of various hazard degrees. The incidence of occupational diseases remains high, especially in underground mining and at aluminum production plants. The specific features of mining and metallurgical operations and the severity of unfavorable production factors determine the structure of occupational morbidity. Occupational respiratory diseases are most common among workers in the ferrous metallurgy industry and account for 70.3% in total. Vibration-induced pathologies are most frequently diagnosed among excavator, bulldozer and dump truck operators, and account for 52.9% of all the diagnosed occupational diseases. Hearing organ pathology in the form of neurosensory loss of hearing among workers of mining and metallurgical enterprises ranges from 10.2% (aluminum smelters) to 22.7% (ferrous metallurgy plants) in the occupational morbidity structure. Chronic intoxication with fluorine compounds at aluminum smelters was diagnosed in 68.1% of cases. The results obtained confirm the pressing need to improve the working conditions, introduce preventive measures based on the primary prevention principles, and reduce the risk factors of health problems among the workers.

scholarly journals Assessment of the working conditions under exposed to noise and infrason

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 207-214
Author(s):  
Vasily G. Mironov ◽  
Nikolai D. Khasiev ◽  
Vadim S. Isachenko ◽  
Ksenia Yu. Korolevа
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Occupational Diseases ◽  
Noise Exposure ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Medical Examination ◽  
Physical Factors ◽  
Industrial Noise ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Special Assessment

Currently in healthcare of the Russian Federation created a system of measures to combat the harmful effects of industrial noise on workers. However, the level of specific and nonspecific morbidity rates the effect of industrial noise is not reduced, and the incidence of occupational diseases tends to increase. This is due to several reasons, including a large number of sources of noise, not enough high quality of medical examinations, lack of and low effectiveness of means of individual protection from noise and others. Noise is one of the leading places among the harmful physical factors in the Armed forces of the Russian Federation. Features noise resulting from the operation of military equipment and armament is its high intensity, intermittent nature, the presence in the spectrum of low and infrasonic frequencies. Noise exposure leads to the development of diseases, primarily of the organ of hearing, increase in total morbidity and the reduction of military-professional health. In the normative documents of the military medical service the noise is not identified as a harmful factor leading to the development of occupational diseases that were not fully developed the issues of professional selection and medical examination of noise pathology. System noise control should be comprehensive and include organizational and technical measures, special assessment of working conditions, monitoring of noise sources, the presence and correct application of means of protection against noise professional selection, clinical monitoring, medical examination, treatment and preventive measures. Existing in the Armed forces of the Russian Federation the system of measures for the fight against harmful impact of noise on military personnel requires revision in accordance with the existing state legislative framework.

Lipoid pneumonia in an employee of the petrochemical laboratory

2019 ◽  
pp. 223-226
Author(s):  
M. Yu. Brovko ◽  
L. A. Strizhakov ◽  
V. I. Sholomova ◽  
N. E. Ezhova ◽  
M. V. Lebedeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Occupational Diseases ◽  
Clinical Observation ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Lipoid Pneumonia ◽  
Production Factors ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Alveolar Proteinosis ◽  
Hypersensitive Pneumonitis

Th e most common pathologies of the respiratory organs caused by harmful production factors include dust diseases, bronchial asthma, various variants of toxic lesions and hypersensitive pneumonitis. However, there are also more rare diseases, the awareness of doctors about which is insuffi  cient. Th ese include, in addition to alveolar proteinosis, rare forms of interstitial pneumonia, including lipoid pneumonia. Lipoid pneumonia is a rare lung disease characterized by the accumulation of lipid substances in the alveoli. Cases of development of lipoid pneumonia as a result of inhalation or aspiration of various substances, including oil products are described. Th e presented clinical observation presents a case of morphologically confi rmed disease development in an employee of the petrochemical laboratory who has been in contact with oil vapors and products of its processing for a long time. Th e main approaches to the treatment of such patients are mentioned. Due to the fact that this pathology is not in the list of occupational diseases approved in the Russian Federation, it was not possible to link the patient’s disease with  the profession. Th e article discusses the features of the legal framework in the fi eld of occupational diseases in the Russian Federation and in the world, proposed harmonization of the list of occupational diseases with the list of the international labour organization as one of the main tasks to improve the legal framework in the fi eld of occupational pathology in Russia.

Occupational morbidity in the Republic of Bashkortostan for 2019

2020 ◽  
pp. 38-43
Author(s):  
Elvira Timeryanovna Valeeva ◽  
Elmira Radikovna Shaikhlislamova ◽  
Akhat Barievich Bakirov
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Occupational Diseases ◽  
Morbidity Rate ◽  
Physical Factors ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Medical Examinations

In the Republic of Bashkortostan, in 2019, despite the deteriorating working conditions at workplaces in almost all industries, extremely low rates of occupational morbidity were observed. At the same time, almost every third employee of the surveyed types of economic activity is engaged in work with harmful and (or) dangerous working conditions. In total, 46 cases of occupational diseases were found in the Republic in 2019. The occupational morbidity rate was 0.42 per 10,000 employees (2018 — 0.32), which is significantly lower than in the Russian Federation (1.03 per 10,000 employees). The highest levels of occupational morbidity are registered in mining, manufacturing, healthcare, and agriculture. The structure of nosological forms of occupational diseases was dominated by diseases associated with physical overload and overstrain of individual organs and systems: sciatica of the lumbosacral level, polyneuropathy of the extremities and occupational diseases from the influence of physical factors: sensorineural hearing loss and vibration disease. Against the background of the continuing deterioration of working conditions in the Republic and the low quality of periodic medical examinations, extremely low rates of registered occupational diseases are observed.

scholarly journals Features of the acoustic situation in the operation of weapons and military equipment in the Armed Forces

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 105-110
Author(s):  
V V Dvoryanchikov ◽  
I M Akhmetzyanov ◽  
I V Mironov ◽  
E K Gavrilov ◽  
V N Zinkin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Occupational Diseases ◽  
Noise Exposure ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Physical Factors ◽  
Noise Sources ◽  
Industrial Noise ◽  
Military Equipment ◽  
The Russian Federation

Currently, a system of measures to combat the harmful effects of industrial noise on workers has been created in the healthcare of the Russian Federation. However, the level of specific and non-specific morbidity due to industrial noise does not decrease, and the frequency of occupational diseases even tends to increase. This is due to several reasons, including a large number of noise sources, insufficient quality of medical examinations, the absence and low efficiency of the personal noise protection and others. Noise occupies one of the leading places among the harmful physical factors in the Armed forces of the Russian Federation. Therefore, it is necessary to systematize information about acoustic sources of high intensity in the Armed forces, which will reveal several features of the acoustic situation in the workplaces. The features of the noise generated during the operation of weapons and military equipment include high intensity, non-permanent nature, the presence in the spectrum of low and infrasonic frequencies. The presented data show the diversity of sources of noise in the Armed forces, generating noise and infra-sound of sufficiently high levels. The widespread occurrence of noise sources in the military contributes to the high acoustic load of a large number of servicemen. Noise exposure leads to the development of the servicemen of the disease in the first turn of the organ of hearing, increased General and occupational diseases. The direct effect of noise and the development of noise pathology contributes to the reduction of military-professional performance and reliability. Unfavourable acoustic conditions at the workplaces of military personnel require preventive measures. The noise generated by the operation of military equipment creates discomfort for the population and a threat to the environment. Environmental impacts of acoustic oscillations on the natural environment was studied in connection with the training and combat activities of troops in places of permanent deployment and at the sites located near human settlements. It is established that several million people are exposed to noise in our country. Sources of noise affecting the population are industrial and military facilities and road, rail and, especially, air transport. The problem of acoustic pollution of the environment in the operation of weapons and military equipment is one of the priority environmental problems facing the Armed forces.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF AGE AND SENIORITY DYNAMICS OF THE RISK OF HEALTH DISTURBANCES IN MINERS OF THE ARCTIC ZONE OF RUSSIA

2018 ◽  
Vol 97 (12) ◽  
pp. 1198-1202 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. A. Syurin ◽  
Gennadiy A. Sorokin
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Musculoskeletal System ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Natural Aging ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Arctic Zone ◽  
Health Indices ◽  
Production Factors ◽  
The Russian Federation

Introduction. Despite the improvement of technologies used in mining enterprises, most miners of the Arctic zone of Russia has harmful working conditions. However, miners’ health status is affected not only by harmful production factors, but also by severe climatic conditions of the Arctic, harmful behavioral factors (e.g. smoking), and the processes of natural aging of the organism. The aim of the study was to differentiate and hygienically assess the professional and non-professional fractions of the annual increase in risk (AIR) of chronic health disorders of miners and their comparison with officially approved hazard classes of working conditions. Material and methods. The results of a targeted periodic medical examination of 700 miners of the underground apatite-nepheline and copper-nickel mines were analyzed. 301 cases out of them, according to the developed method, were included in the studies. Two age groups and four seniority groups of workers have been formed. Results. The results of the study showed the possibility of using the criterion of AIR of chronic diseases for assessing the degree of harmfulness of working conditions based on health indices for miners in the Arctic zone of Russia, Miners have professional AIR of diseases of the musculoskeletal system, digestive organs, respiratory organs and nervous system exceeding the control levels by 2.3, 7.0, 5.0 7.0 times, respectively. Conclusion. The values of professional and non- professional factors for the risk of diseases of the musculoskeletal system and respiratory organs were drawn to almost coincide, which indicates a pronounced adverse effect of environmental factors on the health of miners in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation.

Occupational diseases of chemical etiology at the enterprises in the Russian Arctic

2020 ◽  
pp. 36-46
Author(s):  
Sergey Alekseevich Syurin
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Diseases ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Protective Equipment ◽  
Russian Arctic ◽  
Arctic Zone ◽  
Carbon Oxides ◽  
Production Factors ◽  
Arctic Materials ◽  
Nickel Compounds ◽  
Monitoring Study

Chemicals are among the most common harmful production factors causing occupational pathology among workers in various industries. The purpose of the study was to investigate the conditions of development, prevalence and structure of occupational diseases of chemical etiology among employees of enterprises in the Russian Arctic. Materials and methods. The analysis included results of the monitoring study «Working conditions and occupational morbidity» of the population of the Arctic zone of Russia in 2007–2018. Results. It was established that in 2007–2018, at the enterprises in the Arctic, the share of chemicals in the structure of harmful production factors was 8.0 %, and their impact was associated with the development of 7.7 % of cases of occupational pathology mainly among metallurgists of nickel and miners of mining enterprises. The risk of contact with harmful chemicals in 2007 was higher than in 2018: RR = 1.40; CI 1.38–1.43; p < 0.0001. Most often, the development of occupational diseases was caused by water-insoluble nickel compounds (40.6 %) and nickel hydroaerosols (27.2 %). The structure of the pathology of chemical etiology was dominated by chronic bronchitis (43.2 %), intoxication with metals and gases (19.3 %) and bronchial asthma (19.0 %). Acute forms of intoxication occurred mainly in miners exposed to carbon oxides (84.6 %), and chronic ones when in metallurgists exposed to nickel compounds (88.2 %). In 2007–2018, there was a decrease in the number of occupational diseases of chemical etiology. The risk of their development in 2007–2009 was higher than in 2016–2018: RR = 1.49; CI 1.21–1.83; χ2 = 14.7; p = 0.0001. Conclusion. To reduce the risk of occupational intoxications, first of all, it is necessary to reduce exposure to nickel compounds and carbon oxides by means of the technical modernization of production and use of modern personal protective equipment for workers.

To the question of occupational pathology developing under acceptable working conditions (on the example of workers of enterprises in the Russian Arctic)

2020 ◽  
pp. 6-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Syurin
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Occupational Diseases ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Length Of Service ◽  
Sick People ◽  
Production Factors ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Chemical Factors ◽  
Health Disorders ◽  
Medical Examinations

The purpose of the study is to investigate occupational pathology that develops under acceptable levels of harmful production factors. Results. It has been found that 0.77% of all cases of occupational diseases in 2007-2018 developed under acceptable working conditions in the enterprises of the Arctic (66 out of 8609 diseases). Their features were: 1) shortened length of service of the sick people (20.2 ± 1.5 years); 2) younger age (47.8 ± 1.2 years); 3) larger proportion of women among the sick people; 4) greater role of chemical factors and severity of work in the development of health disorders; 5) more frequent development of diseases among workers of certain professions; 6) different structure of classes and nosological forms of occupational diseases; 7) increased proportion of acute industrial poisoning in the structure of occupational diseases. Exposure to harmful production factors with exposure levels not exceeding hygiene standards became possible more often due to design flaws in machines, mechanisms and other equipment (54.5%). Detection of most occupational diseases in people working in acceptable working conditions took place because they sought medical help themselves due to deterioration of health (in 66.7% of cases). 59.9-66.2% of diseases in people working in harmful and dangerous working conditions were diagnosed according to the results of periodic medical examinations. Conclusion. There is a need for a deeper understanding of the causes and preventive methods of occupational health disorders that develop under acceptable working conditions.

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