Молочная продуктивность коров австралийской селекции разной линейной принадлежности

2019 ◽  
pp. 27-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.F. GORLOV ◽  
E.YU. ZLOBINA ◽  
A.A. KAIDULINA ◽  
T.N. BARMINA ◽  
S.A. SURKOVA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Mass Fraction ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Holstein Cattle ◽  
Volgograd Region ◽  
Ideal Line ◽  
Calcium And Phosphorus ◽  
Selection Of

Приведены результаты исследований молочной продуктивности и качественных показателей молока коров голштинской породы австралийской селекции 3 линий в условиях Волгоградской области. Установлено, что наиболее высокий удой молока по 1й лактации был у коров линии Рефлекшн Соверинга 198998 7262,0 кг. В сравнении со сверстницами линий Вис Бэк Айдиала 1013415 и Монтвик Чифтейна 95679 он был выше, соответственно, на 84,3 и 351,1 кг. Лучший показатель содержания жира установлен в молоке коров линии Монтвик Чифтейна 95679 3,90. Валовой выход жира был больше у коров линии Рефлекшн Соверинга 198998 в сравнении со сверстницами линий Вис Бэк Айдиала 1013415 и Монтвик Чифтейна 95679 на 4,15 и 11,42 кг. Они же отличались и наибольшим выходом молочного белка.По наивысшей лактации бльшим удоем отличались коровы линии Вис Бэк Айдиала 1013415 7689,65 кг, которые превосходили по данному показателю сверстниц линии Рефлекшн Соверинга 198998 и Монтвик Чифтейна 95679, соответственно, на 134,5 и 252,17 кг. От них молочного жира было получено больше в сравнении со сверстницами линий Рефлекшн Соверинга 198998 и Монтвик Чифтейна 95679, соответственно, на 4,42 и 9,65 кг, массовая доля белка в молоке коров этой линии была выше, соответственно, на 4,12 и 7,42 кг. Казеина содержалось больше в молоке коров линии Вис Бэк Айдиала 1013415 по сравнению со сверстницами линий Рефлекшн Соверинга 198998 и Монтвик Чифтейна 95679 на 0,02 и 0,05, продолжительность сычужной свертываемости молока у них была короче, соответственно, на 1,40 и 1,15 мин. Содержание кальция и фосфора в молоке анализируемых линий находилось в пределах физиологической нормы. Целесообразно и перспективно более широкое использование животных линий Вис Бэк Айдиала 1013415 и Рефлекшн Соверинга 198998.The article presents the results of studies of milk production and quality indicators of milk of cows of the Australian selection of Holstein cattle of three lines in the conditions of the Volgograd region. It was established that the highest milk yield in the first lactation was in cows of the Reflection Sovering line 198,998 7,262.0 kg. In comparison with the peers of the lines of Vis Back Ideal 1013415 and Montwick Chieftain 95679, it was higher by 84.3 and 351.1 kg, respectively. The best indicator of fat content is set in the milk of cows of the Montwick Chieftain line 95679 3.90. The gross yield of fat was greater for cows in the Reflection Line of Sovering 198998 compared with the peers of the lines of Vis Back Ideal 1013415 and Montwick Chieftain 95679 by 4.15 and 11.42 kg. They also differed in the highest yield of milk protein. In terms of the highest lactation, the cows of the Vis Back Ideal line 1013415 7689.65 kg differed in terms of high milk yield, which surpassed in this indicator the contemporaries of the Reflection Sovering line 198998 and Montwick Chieftain 95679, respectively, by 134.5 and 252.17 kg. Milk fat was obtained from them in comparison with the peers of the Reflection Sovering lines 198998 and Montwick Chieftain 95679 by 4.42 and 9.65 kg, respectively, the mass fraction of protein in the milk of cows of this line was higher respectively by 4.12 and 7.42 kg. There was more casein in milk of cows of the Vis Back Ideal line 1013415 compared to the peers of Reflection Sovering 198998 and Montwick Chieftain 95679 peers by 0.02 and 0.05, the duration of rennet coagulability of milk was shorter by 1.40 and 1.15, respectively min The content of calcium and phosphorus in the milk of the analyzed lines was within the physiological norm.Consequently, it is expedient and promising to use the animal lines of the Vis Back Ideal 1013415 and Reflection Sovering 198998.

Study of indexes of the suckling productivity the cows of Ayrshire breed of tribal economy of the Leningrad area.

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 148-154
Author(s):  
Yu. V. Mukiy ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Mass Fraction ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Ayrshire Breed ◽  
Selection Of

In this article, studies the dynamics of indicators of the main signs of milk productivity over 305 days 7 lactations in 240 cows of the Ayrshire breed. The average values for milk yield, the mass fraction of fat and protein, the amount of milk fat and protein, the range between the maximum and minimum values were calculated and studied, and the stand-ard deviation according to the characteristics stud-ied was established. The average milk yield was higher in the 5th and 6th lactation and amounted to 8412 kg and 8962 kg; the maximum% of fat was in the 7th lactation - 4.2%, and% of the protein in the second - 3.46% and also in the last 7th lactation -3.43%. The value of the mass fraction of fat was maximum in the 1st lactation - 1.2; and the mini- mum at the 6th lactation is 0.05. The value of the mass fraction of protein was maximum in the sec-ond - 0.74 and minimum in the 7th lactation -0.24. He overall picture for these indicators represents the horizontal trend lines in the diagrams, which indicates a slight deviation of the values relative to the average for all lactations. The yield of milk fat and protein was maximum in the 6th lactation - 345.9 kg and 289.47 kg, respectively. The stand-ard deviation by milk was 568.6; by mass fraction of fat 0.09; by the mass fraction of protein 0.08; by the amount of milk fat 26.4; by the amount of milk protein 16.9; which means the uniformity of the average values for these indicators. It can be con-cluded that the selection of cattle in this complex was progressive, because led to stably high pro-duction in animals over 7 lactations.

scholarly journals Influence of reproductive qualities on dairy productivity of cows of the Simmental breed

2021 ◽  
Vol 285 ◽  
pp. 04005
Author(s):  
Maria Grinchuk ◽  
Yulia Nesterova
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Mass Fraction ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Dry Period ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Service Period ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Different Levels

The aim of work is to explore influence of first fruitful insemination, service period and dry period to dairy productivity of Simmental cows. The research is aimed at studying the milk production of Simmental cows with different levels of reproductive qualities. The result of the research, a relation was established between the age of the first fruitful insemination, the duration of the service period, the duration of the dry period and milk production performance. It has been established that the age of the first fruitful insemination at 18-24 months has the most beneficial effect on subsequent milk production. The service period of 90-120 days has a positive effect to an increase in milk yield per 305 days of lactation, the longer service period negatively affects to the mass fraction of fat. With an increase in the duration of the dry period, the mass fraction of fat increases, but milk yield decreases. The influence of reproductive qualities to the milk protein is negligible. It was revealed that the age of the first insemination at 18-24 months is the most profitable for production. According to the results of the research, it can be judged that reproductive qualities, in combination with other factors, affect the milk productivity of Simmental cows.

scholarly journals Influence of Body Condition Score on Milk Production Parameters of Murrah Buffaloes

2020 ◽  
pp. 12-17
Author(s):  
Anitha Alapati ◽  
Sarjan Rao Kapa ◽  
Suresh Jeepalyam
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Production Parameters ◽  
Murrah Buffaloes ◽  
Total Milk ◽  
Condition Score

The postpartum changes in Body Condition Score (BCS) studied from calving to four months of lactation in 40 Murrah buffaloes showed that BCS decreased from calving to two months of lactation and then gradually increased. Significant (P < 0.05) inverse relationship (r = -0.96) was observed between BCS and milk yield. The effect of BCS at calving (BCSc) on the milk production parameters were studied in 40 Murrah buffaloes divided into 4 groups of 10 buffaloes each based on BCSc (G1 – 2.5 to 2.99, G2- 3.0 to 3.49, G3- 3.5to 3.99 and G4- 4.0 to4.49). The total milk production (kg) upto 4 months of lactation, peak milk yield (kg), persistence, milk fat per cent, milk protein per cent and SNF per cent were 1030.93, 9.50, 1.65, 6.44, 3.39 and 8.99, respectively for G1 group, 1197.12, 11.60, 1.69, 7.54, 3.74 and 9.34 respectively for G2 group, 1658.67,16.50,1.77,8.62, 4.24 and 9.84, respectively for G3 and 1359.92, 13.75, 1.68, 9.37, 3.97 and 9.57, respectively for G4 group. Buffaloes of G3 group had significantly (p<0.01) more milk yield, peak milk yield, milk protein and SNF compared to the other groups where as buffaloes of G4 group had significantly (P<0.01) more milk fat.

INFLUENCE OF ORIGIN ON MILK PRODUCTIVITY AND REPRODUCTIVE PROPERTIES OF SYCHEVSKAYA BREED COWS

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Mass Fraction ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Holstein Bull ◽  
Productivity Indicators ◽  
Weight Coefficients

The results of researches on studying of sires influence on milk production and reproductive properties of Sychevskaya breed cows, bred in the breeding farm, JSC "Vostok", Smolensk region. In order to determine sires, cows, which are able to increase milk productivity of the herd without compromising reproductive properties, population of full-aged cows, according to their origin, was divided into six groups. Their milk yield was analyzed for first and third lactations, mass fraction of milk fat and milk protein, live weight, coefficients of milk yield of cows and the sustainability of lactation. The most stable, in all groups, is the first lactation, then there is a decrease to the fifth lactation. Cows received from the bull of Sychevskaya breed Pyl 6782, for the first lactation have a productive advantage over livestock received from other bulls. In full-aged animals derived from this bull, this advantage is lost. The daughters Hanke 6749, Holstein red-and-motley breed, have intensively promoting milk productivity, indicators of milk fat and protein is higher in daughters of Holstein bull Marder 6721. Reproductive properties were studied: open days and calving interval, age at first calving, days to first fertilization in lactation. The best reproductive properties have Sychev bulls. After calving, reproductive function in daughters Naliv 6791(sychevskaya breed) were restored earlier, in daughters Hanke 6749 - for longer period. The correlation of signs is defined: milk yield between lactations, milk productivity with mass fraction offat%, live weight, age of the first calving, the period of days before the first insemination in lactation.

scholarly journals Inheritance of allelic variants of the kappa-casein gene by cows

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 00059 ◽  
Author(s):  
Radik Shaidullin ◽  
Gazimzyan Sharafutdinov ◽  
Anastasia Moskvicheva ◽  
Tagir Faizov ◽  
Yusupzhan Yuldashbaev
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Mass Fraction ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Frequency Of Occurrence ◽  
Allelic Variants ◽  
Casein Gene ◽  
Black And White ◽  
White Cattle ◽  
Pcr Diagnostics

The inheritance of allelic variants of the kappa-casein gene from bulls with different genotypes and their influence on the milk production of daughters were studied. For research, PCR diagnostics of daughters in the herds of black-and-white cattle at the farms “Azeleevo” and “Vakhitovo” (OJSC “Red East Agro”) was carried out, the fathers were two bulls LADDIE 135797213 with a genotypes CSN3 AB and LOMAX 10785322 with a genotype CSN3 BB. Based on the results of genotyping, the frequency of occurrence of genotypes AA, AB, BB kappa-casein and allelic variants A and B in daughters was calculated. The bull with the CSN3 AB genotype produced the largest number of offspring with the CSN3 AA genotype 50.0-51.8 %, and the bull with the homozygous BB genotype produced 24–25 % of daughters carrying the BB variant and 75 -76 % of the AB genotype. The frequency of occurrence of the Kappa-casein allele in the daughters of bulls with the genotype CSN3 BB was 0.63, which is almost 2 times more than the allele A. When comparing heifers with the same genotype (CSN3 AB), it was found that at the Azeleevo farm, the daughters of the bulls having the genotype BB of kappa-casein are superior to cows born from bulls with the genotype AB by the milk yield (+36 kg), mass fraction of fat and protein (+0.01 %), the amount of milk fat (+2 kg) and protein (+2 kg). In the group of first-calf heifers with the BB genotype, daughters of the producer with the BB genotype are superior by the milk yield (+ 175 kg), the mass fraction of fat in milk (+0.1 %), the amount of milk fat (+12 kg), the mass fraction of protein in milk (+0.09 %), the amount of milk protein (+11 kg). At the Vakhitovo farm, similar results in the group of CSN3 AB heifers born from the bulls with the BB genotype was observed

scholarly journals The comparison of the lactation and milk yield and composition of selected breeds of sheep and goats

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 498-506 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. M. Ferro ◽  
L. O. Tedeschi ◽  
A. S. Atzori
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Random Coefficients ◽  
Total Solids ◽  
Sheep Breeds ◽  
The World

Abstract The objective of this study was to characterize the milk yield (MY) and milk composition of relevant sheep and goat breeds raised around the world to be used with nutrition models for diet formulation and nutrient balancing. A 2-step approach was used. First, a database developed by the Food and Agriculture Organization was used to identify relevant breeds (i.e., frequently raised) by comparing the occurrence of transboundary breed names across countries. We selected transboundary breeds that occurred more than 3 times and other relevant breeds obtained from the specialized literature that had milk production information (e.g., MY, days in milk, and milk fat, protein, and lactose). The majority of sheep breeds were classified as nondairy (76%) because they lacked milk production information. Karakul and Merino accounted for up to 2.4% of sheep breeds raised around the world, whereas the other individual breeds accounted for less than 1%. In contrast, nondairy breeds of goats accounted for 46.3% and of the remaining 53.7%, Saanen, Boer, Anglo-Nubian, Toggenburg, and Alpine accounted for 6.5, 5, 4.4, 4, and 3%, respectively, of the transboundary breeds. Second, a database compiled from published studies for the selected sheep (n = 65) and goats (n = 78) breeds were analyzed using a random coefficients model (studies and treatments within studies as random effects). For sheep breeds, the average and SD were 1.1 ± 0.3 kg/d for MY, 6.9 ± 1% for milk fat, 5.4 ± 0.4% for milk protein, 5 ± 0.3% for milk lactose, 17.7 ± 1.4% for milk total solids, and 1,073 ± 91 kcal/kg of milk energy. Lacaune had the greatest MY compared to Comisana and Tsigai (1.65 versus 0.83 and 0.62 kg/d; respectively, P &lt; 0.05), but milk components were not different among breeds. For goats breeds, the average and SD across breeds were 1.7 ± 0.6 kg/d for MY, 4.2 ± 0.9% for milk fat, 3.3 ± 0.4% for milk protein, 4.4 ± 0.4% for milk lactose, 12.7 ± 1.1% for milk total solids, and 750 ± 75 kcal/kg of milk energy. Alpine had similar MY to Saanen (2.66 versus 2.55 kg/d, respectively; P &gt; 0.05), but greater (P &lt; 0.05) than other breeds. The Boer breed had the greatest milk fat, protein, lactose, and total solids than several other breeds, leading to the greatest milk energy content (907 kcal/kg). Because there are many factors that can alter MY and milk composition, averages provided in this study serve as guidelines, and nutritionists must obtain observed values when using nutrition models.

scholarly journals THE PREDICTED GENETIC PROGRESS IN DAIRY CATTLE POPULATIONS USING A VARIETY OF METHODS FOR EVALUATION AND SELECTION OF ANIMALS

2018 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 27-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. I. Babenko ◽  
V. P. Оleshko ◽  
V. Y. Afanasenko
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Genetic Improvement ◽  
Holstein Cattle ◽  
Genetic Progress ◽  
Conventional Breeding ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Dairy Breed ◽  
Selection Of

Genetic progress in a herd of animals is due to the selection of four categories of pedigree animals: fathers of sires, mothers of sires, fathers of cows and mothers of cows. Extremely important role in genetic improvement of a herd plays selection of the sires for insemination of breeding stock which become the potential parents of cows. The selection of sires’ mothers, sires’ and cows’ parents provides 90-95% of the effect of selection in animal population, and massive selection of cows’ mothers only 5-10%. The main selection trait in а herd is milk production, therefore with the purpose of analyzing the effectiveness of selection by this trait defined pedigree value of 4 categories of pedigree animals, which influenced on the pace of improvement of the populations. Therefore, to accelerate genetic improvement of dairy cattle populations is necessary to increase the magnitude of the genetic benefits of parental animals and reduced generation intervals, which is the aim of our research. The average annual genetic progress through selection of four categories of pedigree animals in the herd of Holstein breed is 61.2 kg of milk per cow per year and the pace of genetic improvement of the herd – 0.81 %. In the population of Ukrainian Black-and-White Dairy breed, these figures are respectively 43.2 kg of milk and the pace of genetic improvement of the herd – 0.62 % Much more opportunities in raising the rate of genetic improvement can be achieved through the introduction of genomic (GS) or marker-assisted selection (MAS). Under the terms of the genomic breeding, final estimation of pedigree value of sires is carried out during 2.5 years in the contrast with traditional breeding, which involves the time for 5 years. Experts estimate the cost from the use of GS or MAS compared with conventional breeding are up to 92%, and the efficiency of selection is improved two times. Taking into account that data of productivity of animals are associated with genes of economically useful traits, the topical issue is the selection of the optimal polymorphic marker systems for their introduction into practice of breeding and assessment of genetic structure of cattle breeds. On the basis of our results of studies of the effect of QTL – gene, the complex model genotype for the selection of animals for the purpose of increasing milk yield in animals of Ukrainian Black-and-White Dairy breed is like this: CSNSАВ, GHLL, βLGАВ, Pit-1АВ; Holstein – CSNS AB, GHLV, βLGАA, Pit-1АВ. Comparison of model genotypes of Ukrainian Black-and-White Dairy and Holstein shows that there are differences in the combination of genotypes contributing to the best development of traits. Thus, the mass fraction of the protein, the model genotypes are identical at 75% in both breeds: by the yield, quantity of milk fat and protein and total milk fat and protein model genotypes match by 50%. Due to implementation of genomic evaluation and breeding of dairy cattle, the valuation period of pedigree animals was reduced significantly. Unlike conventional breeding, the introduction of genomic selection will reduce the genetic interval in the population of Ukrainian Black-and-White Dairy breed of sires’ fathers by 4.5 years, sires’ mothers by 4.6 years, cows’ fathers by 4.6 years and cows’ mothers by 2.9 years. In the population of Holstein cattle generation interval of sires’ fathers is reduced by 4.3 years, sires’ mothers by 4.5 years, cows’ fathers by 4.5 years, and cows’ mothers by 2.7 years. The results of our studies show that the rate of genetic improvement of dairy cattle population in the main breeding traits can be improved through the selection of animals by QTL-complexes. Thus, the selection of breeding stock based on a comprehensive model of genotype on yield gave an opportunity to improve pedigree value of the maternal cows at 155 kg compared to traditional breeding, and in the population of Holstein cattle at 246 kg. Only these factors allow genetic progress in milk yield in the population of Ukrainian Black-and-White Dairy cattle by 128.5 kg, which is 2.9 times more than the value of the actual genetic progress and in the population of Holstein cattle – 183.2 kg, which is three times more compared to the actual value of genetic progress for milk yield in this population. The contribution of the cows’ mothers to genetic progress increases. So, if at conventional breeding, the contribution of this category of pedigree animals was negative (-4.9%), selection on QTL complex is 3.2% and in the population of Holstein cattle 12%. If you apply the selection of other categories of pedigree animals (sires’ fathers, mothers and parents of sires) on QTL-complexes, which contribution in the genetic improvement of populations is 88.0–96.8%, the rate of genetic improvement of dairy cattle populations will greatly increase. Conclusion. To accelerate genetic improvement of dairy cattle populations it is necessary to use molecular genetic markers that control metabolic processes in the body.

scholarly journals Effects of mammae hand massages on oxytocin release, milk yield, and milk quality in dairy cows

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 311
Author(s):  
Inggit Kentjonowaty ◽  
Achmad Bagus Adhiluhung Mardhotillah ◽  
Trinil Susilawati ◽  
Puguh Surjowardojo
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Milk Quality ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Oxytocin Release

<p class="MDPI17abstract"><strong>Objective: </strong><span lang="EN-GB">The objective of this study was conducted to evaluate the effects of Mammae Hand Massages (MHM) on oxytocin release, milk yield, and milk quality in dairy cows.</span></p><p class="MDPI17abstract"><strong>Methods: </strong><span lang="EN">Twelve dairy cows with the following criterion: 5-yr-old, 1st to 9th month of lactation, and average body weight of 390 ± 5.55 kg were used. Cows were assigned in a randomized block design with 4 treatments, i.e T0 (without massage), T1 (MHM for 20 s), T2 (MHM for 50 s), and T3 (MHM for 80 s). Oxytocin release, milk yield, and milk quality were measured accordingly</span><span lang="EN-GB">.</span><strong></strong></p><p class="MDPI17abstract"><strong>Results: </strong><span lang="EN">The data obtained were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA). The results showed that MHM had a very significant effect on milk production (P &lt;0.01) as evidenced by the MHM 50 s treatment obtained the highest average milk production (13.08 ± 3.38 liters/head/day) compared to the MHM 20 s, MHM 80 s and control. MHM (1-1.6 volts) for 50 s resulted in the highest release of oxytocin (0.22955 pcg/0.1mL) at 240 seconds compared to control, MHM 20 s and 80 s. Likewise, the percentage of milk protein content (2.96 ± 0.03) and milk fat content (4.27 ± 0.70) was highest at MHM 50 s</span><span lang="EN-GB">.</span><strong></strong></p><strong><span>Conclusions: </span></strong><span lang="EN">It can be concluded that MHM (1-1.6 volts) for 50 seconds increases the release of oxytocin, milk production, and milk quality in terms of the percentage of milk protein and fat content</span><span lang="EN-GB">.</span>

scholarly journals Production potential of first calving Simmental heifers in Serbia

2011 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 1033-1041
Author(s):  
D. Niksic ◽  
D. Ostojic-Andric ◽  
V. Pantelic ◽  
P. Perisic ◽  
Z. Novakovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Dairy Herd ◽  
Production Potential ◽  
Future Production ◽  
Milk Performance ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Selection Breeding

Cattle production in Serbia, and especially milk production, contributes significantly to the value of total agricultural production (20%) and livestock production (45%). Achieved annual rate of milk yield increase of approx.100 kg per cow cannot adequately compensate for drastic decrease of number of dairy cattle which dropped by fifth over last decade. This is especially important from the aspect of assessment of future production quotas for milk as part of Serbia?s preparation for EU accession. From the aspect of the genetic potential of dairy cattle, the most significant measure aimed at increase of milk performance in future will be execution of systematic selection-breeding work in the main population. Special attention should be directed in future to selection of parents of dairy herd, criteria for selection of heifers and their adequate rearing in sense of nutrition and housing. For the purpose of establishing of production potential of first calving Simmental cows in Serbia, data was analyzed for 37.171 Simmental cows with completed lactations in the period 2007 to 2010. Research results showed moderate trend of increase in milk performance in first calving cows - average milk production of 4.348 kg, milk fat content of 3.93% and milk fat yield of 171.1 kg. Milk performance of first calving cows in average was lower by 147 kg compared to cows in other lactations and by 1.169 kg compared to bull dams in the observed period. In analysis of bulls - most common sires of studied first-calvers, it was established that eight of ten bull sires had negative values for milk yield, which indicated the need for better cooperation and organization in work of all services which are included in selection-breeding activities in dairy cattle breeding.

scholarly journals The effects of incomplete milking and increased milking frequency on milk production rate and milk composition1

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (6) ◽  
pp. 2424-2432 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jordan M Kuehnl ◽  
Meghan K Connelly ◽  
Alen Dzidic ◽  
Megan Lauber ◽  
Hannah P Fricke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Production Rate ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Dairy Herds ◽  
Milking Frequency ◽  
Production Effects ◽  
Plot Design

Abstract Increased milking frequency and incomplete milking have differential effects on milk yield and mammary gland physiology that are important for optimization of milking practices in dairy herds. The objectives of this experiment were to determine the effects of increased milking frequency and incomplete milking on milk production rate (MPR) and milk composition and to determine if milking 3 times daily (3×) could rescue the negative production effects of incomplete milking. Twenty-two multiparous cows were enrolled onto this experiment beginning at 5 days in milk (DIM) and continuing through 47 DIM. A split-plot design was used to randomize the 2 treatments, which were milking frequency and incomplete milking. Eleven cows were randomly assigned to be milked 2 times (2×) daily and 11 cows were randomly assigned to be milked 3×. Within each cow, a contralateral half-udder was randomly assigned to be incompletely milked (30% milk remaining in the gland; IM), and the other half-udder was randomly assigned to be milked completely (CM). Quarter-level milk yields were recorded at each milking session. Milk samples from all quarters were collected twice weekly at the beginning of the morning milking for analysis. Cows milked 2× tended to have reduced MPR compared with 3× milked cows (1.81 ± 0.06 vs. 1.97 ± 0.06 kg milk/h; P = 0.06). Half-udders that were CM and IM produced 1.09 ± 0.03 and 0.80 ± 0.03 kg milk/h, respectively. There was an interaction between incomplete milking treatment and week of lactation (P = 0.04). No interaction was detected between milking frequency and incomplete milking for MPR or milk components. Cows milked 3× had increased milk fat percent (1.93 ± 0.09% vs. 1.65 ± 0.09%, P = 0.047), decreased milk lactose percent (4.80 ± 0.04% vs. 4.93 ± 0.04%, P = 0.04), and exhibited no differences in milk protein percent or milk somatic cell count (SCC) compared with cows milked 2×. Half-udders that were IM had increased milk fat percent (2.15 ± 0.07% vs. 1.43 ± 0.07%, P &lt; 0.0001), decreased lactose percent (4.75 ± 0.03% vs. 4.99 ± 0.03%, P &lt; 0.0001), increased milk log10SCC (4.22 ± 0.05 vs. 4.41 ± 0.05, P = 0.0004), and no differences in milk protein percent compared with CM half-udders. These results indicate that a 3× milking frequency in IM half-udders was not able to improve milk production compared with IM half-udders milked 2×. Our results indicate that 30% milk remaining in the gland had an irreversible impact on milk yield as increased milking frequency was not able to reverse the milk yield lost.

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