scholarly journals About the nature of the supra-personal reality of spiritual culture

2021 ◽  
pp. 31-41
Author(s):  
V. Meshkov ◽  
O. Lugovskiy
Keyword(s):  
Complex Structure ◽  
World Culture ◽  
Cultural Process ◽  
Historical Significance ◽  
Axial Age ◽  
Spiritual Culture ◽  
Cultural Processes ◽  
Thematic Approach ◽  
Mental Space ◽  
Peculiar Nature

The article shows that the suprapersonal reality of spiritual culture is an autonomous complex, purposeful reflection, a self-contained cultural process, which in the process of its development over two and a half thousand years has acquired the most developed structure and form. Hegel and Hartmann sufficiently revealed its peculiar nature, complex structure, and cultural-historical significance. Their conceptual constructions can serve as a methodological basis for general cultural studies.The thematic culturological approach allows us to analize the genesis of world culture and individual cultures of different peoples. Thematic analysis of the written sources (up to the 6th century B.C.) convincingly shows the naturalistic-power character of the mental spaces of all cultures. This means that in one culture by the sixth century B.C. we can not find any representations of reason and goodness as purely spiritual, independent realities. The thematic approach allows us to investigate the revolutionary transformation of the Axial Age, when a revolutionary transition from the naturalistic-force to the mentally charitable and mental space of culture is carried out. The purpose and objectives of the article. The aim of the article is to show the features of suprapersonal reality and the productive significance of thematic culturological analysis. Research methodology. The research was based on the methodology of thematic culturological analysis, which allows to study cultural processes in individual cultures and cultural regions.Leading methodological settings were the principles of objectivity, systemicity, integrity, unity of historical and logical, interconnection, convergence from the abstract to the concrete. Conclusions. Thus, the suprapersonal reality is a complex, autonomous, purposeful, reflection, a self-contained cultural process, which as it developed over two and a half thousand years acquired the most developed structure and content. The thematic approach allows to successfully study the genesis of both world culture and individual cultures of peoples

scholarly journals Salat Sebagai Basis Pendidikan Agama Islam: Analisis Teori Cliffort Geertz

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Riyadl Mauludi
Keyword(s):  
Religious Education ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Islamic Education ◽  
Meeting Point ◽  
Cultural Process ◽  
Theory Of Religion ◽  
Cultural Processes

Abstrak: Salat lima waktu merupakan ibadah yang utama dalam Islam. Banyak kemuliaan dan keistimewaan dalam ibadah ini. Perintah wajib dan dilakukan sebanyak lima kali dalam semalam menjadikan salat sebagai ibadah yang sudah melekat di hati umat Islam. Bagi umat Islam yang beriman dan bertakwa, selain dihinggapi perasaan berdosa, meninggalkan salat juga menjadikan pelakunya menjadi tidak tenang. Sehingga dari sini secara tidak langsung salat sudah memberikan manfaat positif bagi siapa yang menjalankannya. Inilah yang dinamakan dengan pendidikan. Cliffort Geertz dengan teorinya Agama sebagai Budaya menempatkan ibadah salat sebagai simbol-simbol sakral yang akan memengaruhi proses sosial atau budaya. Proses sosial atau budaya inilah yang akan menjadi basis pendidikan agama bagi umat Islam dan tentu dengan sebuah pendidikan akan mengubah hasil budi daya seseorang, khususnya seorang muslim bahkan umat Islam. Hal ini menarik bagi peneliti untuk mencari titik temu antara kewajiban ibadah salat tersebut dengan teori yang dipaparkan oleh Geertz. Sehingga hal ini menjadi hal yang perlu untuk dianalisis lebih dalam. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan metode kepustakaan dengan mencari sumber-sumber yang membahas masalah salat dan teori Cliffort Geertz. Abstract : Prayer As a Basis for Islamic Education: an Analysis of The Theory of Cliffort Geertz: The five daily prayers are the main worship in Islam. Lots of glory and privilege in this worship. Mandatory orders and carried out five times a day make prayer as a worship that is inherent in the hearts of Muslims. For the faithful and pious Muslims, besides being infested with feelings of sin, leaving the prayers also makes the perpetrators uneasy. So that indirectly prayer has provided positive benefits for those who carry it out. This is what is called education. Cliffort Geertz with his theory of Religion as Culture places the prayer as sacred symbols that will influence social or cultural processes. This social or cultural process will be the basis of religious education for Muslims and certainly with an education will change the results of one's cultivation, especially a Muslim and even Muslims. This is interesting for researchers to look for a meeting point between the obligations of the prayer with the theory presented by Geertz. So this is something that needs to be analyzed more deeply. This research method uses the literature method by searching for sources that discuss the issue of prayer and Cliffort Geertz's theory. Kata Kunci : Salat, Pendidikan, Cliffort Geertz, Agama, Budaya

scholarly journals Who owns the knowledge? Knowledge construction as part of the school improvement process

2020 ◽  
pp. 136548022092976
Author(s):  
Lena Glaés-Coutts ◽  
Henrik Nilsson
Keyword(s):  
Student Achievement ◽  
School Improvement ◽  
Knowledge Construction ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
School Level ◽  
Achievement Scores ◽  
National Agency ◽  
Local School ◽  
Cultural Process ◽  
Cultural Processes

When Sweden began to experience a steady decline in student achievement results in PISA and TIMMS, the Swedish National Agency of Education initiated a model of collaboration with Swedish universities aimed at providing support to schools with falling student achievement scores. In this article, we examine how such projects can work at the local school level. Our focus is mainly on how knowledge construction can be realized for teachers and principals; we reflect on whose knowledge is valued, and we explore what role research texts play in school improvement. Working within the frames of both social and cultural processes, we looked at how teachers and principals are provided opportunities to develop and define their own professional understanding of school improvement. We found that knowledge construction of school improvement, as both a political and cultural process, needed to be based on local needs. The guidance of a knowledgeable other in interpreting research literature on school improvement can support such knowledge construction only when the local needs and history are part of the process.

scholarly journals Siberian Identity in Traditions and Innovations of Art Culture

2020 ◽  
pp. 914-923
Author(s):  
Marina V. Moskalyuk ◽  
Anastasiya P. Grishchenko
Keyword(s):  
Computer Graphics ◽  
Visual Arts ◽  
Art History ◽  
Indigenous Art ◽  
Cultural Process ◽  
History Analysis ◽  
Art Works ◽  
Cultural Processes

The article considers the transformation of visual signs reflecting the Siberian identity. The phenomenon of the Siberian identity could be seen at some aspects of visual arts: the primitive art of petroglyphs, ethnographic elements of indigenous art and the legacy of the Siberian artist V.I. Surikov. Based on the philosophical and art history analysis of art works some visual signs of the studied aspects were identified, such as primitive pictures of people, ethnic clothing and patterns and, the painting “The Capture of the Snow Town” by V. Surikov. The most innovative ways of their interpretation in the modern cultural process have been identified. The article considers major Siberian festivals (for example Siberian Maslenitsa and the Krasnoyarsk Universiade), computer graphics, work of clothing designers and design of the facilities of the Krasnoyarsk Universiade. This study has resulted in understanding that there are certain visual signs that carry the burden of the formation of the regional Siberian identity in modern cultural processes

scholarly journals Terra incognita: Ukrainian adventure prose of the first third of the 20th century. Review of the Monograph by Lyudmila Kulakevych «Genre Strategies of Ukrainian Adventure Prose of the First Third of the 20th Century» (Dnipro, 2020)

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 99-102
Author(s):  
Ninel Zavertaluk ◽  
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Theoretical Aspect ◽  
World Culture ◽  
Global Trends ◽  
Terra Incognita ◽  
Cultural Processes ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Cultural Expansion ◽  
Original Approach

The paper reviews the monograph by L. Kulakevych, states the relevance of studies in the field of Ukrainian adventure literature of the first third of the 20th century. The review emphasizes that the monograph is devoted to a virtually unknown but powerful layer of Ukrainian adventure literature of the first third of the twentieth century. Some of the works studied in the monograph are only mentioned in the general reviews of the writers’ literary legacies while the other works remained unknown for the literary critics for almost a century. For instance, such works as «Opovidannia pro Sofochku y Dzhyma» (The Story of Sofochka and Jim) by D. Buzko, «Zaradynei» («For Her Sake») by I. Dniprovskyi, «Vurkahan» («Criminal») by Y. Miakota, «Viter z hir» («Wind from the Mountains») by S. Skliarenko, and «KniazBartsila» (Prince Bartsila) by O. Slisarenko. The importance of the monograph lies in the study of the works against the background of global cultural processes. The first section «The Nature of Genre in Adventure Literature: The Theoretical Aspect» pays special attention to the introduction of the contemporary Ukrainian literary processes into the global trends. In particular, it highlights the increased interest in adventure works, which, according to the literary critics of different countries, remained unnoticed due to colonial and gender discourses, demonstrating, to put it mildly, the «unattractive» side of European cultural expansion. This section also contains a detailed analysis of the existing definitions of «adventure» literature, the author of the monograph works on the disambiguation of the terms concerning «adventure» and providesmore clear and precise definitions. In the second chapter, L. Kulakevych analyzes the novels which, according to her, are the examples of the new genres in Ukrainian literature: frontier, western / eastern, robinsonade, roxolania. In the third section, the author studies the texts-representatives of the printed series, travelogue, and action genres. While analyzing the texts, L. Kulakevich points out the artistic components that serve as markers to attribute the texts to a certain genre. The fourth chapter is dedicated to the innovative quest of Ukrainian writers of the 20-30s of the 20th century, in particular, the development of the new genres in Ukrainian adventure discourse – noir novel, horror, detective, spy narrative, novel-quest. While substantiating the affiliation of the work to a particular genre, the researcher uses the theses of modern foreign experts in the field of literature and cinema to support her ideas. In the fifth chapter, L. Kulakevich investigates the texts, whichcontributedto the Ukrainian fiction with the new genres of chrono-travel, thriller, and alternative history. It is evident, that in the research of L. Kulakevych the Ukrainian adventure literature of the first third of the 20th century appears as an extraordinary and multidimensional phenomenon that synthesized the achievements of world culture and innovations of Ukrainian writers. In general, the monograph is highly praised for up to date factual basis, original approach to the analysis of literary works, and informative presentation.

ETHNOGRAPHIC ASPECTS OF KAPRANOV BROTHERS NOVELS «KOBZAR 2000. SOFT» AND «KOBZAR 2000. HARD»

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (86) ◽  
Author(s):  
Olesya Bartashuk ◽  
◽  
Svitlana Makhovska ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Positive Feedback ◽  
Modern Literature ◽  
The Novel ◽  
World Culture ◽  
Spiritual Culture ◽  
Works Of Art ◽  
The People ◽  
The World ◽  
Original Concept

The article analyzes the ethnographic component of the novels of famous modern Ukrainian writers-postmodernists Kapranov brothers «Kobzar 2000. Soft» and «Kobzar 2000. Hard». It is emphasized that «Kobzar 2000» of the Kapranov brothers as one of the three Ukrainian «Kobzars» represents in own way time, modern national and spiritual existence of the people, formulates the original concept of the world, culture and human. The work has absorbed the achievements of Ukrainian culture and, at the same time, introduced something specifically own and modern, because in it the modern Ukrainian world is represented as the authors see it – mystical, full of incomprehensible, and therefore unknowable. In particular, the reader is convinced that life in the cities and villages of Ukraine at the beginning of the XXI century based on traditional Ukrainian mythology and worldview. Is proved the connection of ethnography as one of the features of modern literature with postmodern writing; positive feedback from researchers on the use of ethnographic material in modern works of art. Separated and systematized information contains a rich ethnographic material about domestic, mythological, demonological, customary and ritual culture of modern Ukrainians, their views on the norms of etiquette, the originality of world perception and folk ideas. Highlighted by the authors of the article ethnographic information, which is a kind of modern interpretation by writers Kapran folklore texts and allusions to Shevchenko «Kobzar», based on the classification of O. Yatyshchuk systematized into a generalized table on three approaches: 1) information about the ethnographic properties of heroes; 2) detailed descriptions of subjects, phenomena, customs, rituals of Ukrainians; 3) some mentions of the peculiarities of material and spiritual culture of Ukrainians. It is revealed that the most in the novels of the novel «Kobzar 2000» works, which provide information about the ethnographic properties of heroes (in 15 of the 28 novels). In 7 novels, the authors submitted detailed descriptions of subjects, phenomena, customs, rituals of Ukrainians, and in 6 works there are some mentions of the peculiarities of material and spiritual culture of Ukrainians.

scholarly journals THE BEGINNING OF THE EUROPEAN RENAISSANCE

2020 ◽  
pp. 104-108
Author(s):  
Mahmudov Otabek
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Careful Analysis ◽  
The West ◽  
Historical Significance ◽  
Historical Factors ◽  
Historical Factor ◽  
Cultural Processes ◽  
History Of ◽  
European Renaissance

In article on the basis of careful analysis of the scientific literature devoted to history of the translations in Spain in XII–XIII centuries, the place of the Toledo school in the formation of the Renaissance process in Europe is revealed. In addition, the historical significance of this school in the translation and study of the works of scholars of the medieval Muslim East is assessed. As a result of the analysis of political, social and cultural processes that took place in the VIIΙ-ΧΙΙ centuries on the Iberian Peninsula, the historical factors that influenced the formation of the Toledo school are established, and it is also proved that the period of mutual synthesis of East and West cultures was the main historical factor in the formation of the school. The scientific and methodological foundations of views on the stages of the Toledo school’s activity, the staff, tasks, as well as translators and scientists who worked at the school are revealed. based on this, it is proved that the Toledo school is the logical beginning of the Renaissance of the West. KEYWORDS: Toledo school, Renaissance, Spain, Europe, Muslim East, Middle Ages, Arab, Castilian, Latin, translations, translators.

scholarly journals Prisca Theologia Mickiewicza

2019 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 107
Author(s):  
Dariusz Seweryn
Keyword(s):  
Characteristic Feature ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Cultural Process ◽  
Spiritual Culture ◽  
The One

The article, which is a fragment of a larger dissertation under preparation, focuses on the operations – symbolic rather than conceptual – which Mickiewicz uses in the first course of Literatura słowiańska [Slavonic Literature] to construct an image of the pre-Christian spiritual culture of Slavs according to a desired, a priori model. This phenomenon, considered in the context of a cultural process going beyond Romanticism, finds analogy in the humanistic concept of mythological monogenesis, thoroughly developed by Maciej Kazimierz Sarbiewski in the treatise Dii gentium. Mickiewicz proves the original monotheism of the Slavs in a manner similar to the one used in the tradition of humanistic mythology to prove the original monotheism of the Greeks and Romans. This convergence is not motivated by direct filiation, but rather by a common conceptual and symbolic apparatus of the apologetic tradition, whose characteristic feature is the camouflage of aporias generated by the concept of primordial theology. Due to the ongoing misunderstanding that Mickiewicz’s position on this issue is basically the same as that of Joachim Lelewel, upon analysing the assumptions of the arguments of both authors, the article shows that the concept of original Slavic monotheism, which is close to both of them, in both cases results from different, contradictory premises and performs different functions.

A new method of complex structure analysis by electron microscopy

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 628-629
Author(s):  
V.V. Rybin ◽  
E.V. Voronina
Keyword(s):  
Complex Structure ◽  
Reciprocal Lattice ◽  
Stacking Faults ◽  
Plastic Strains ◽  
Base Position ◽  
Structural Regularity ◽  
Orientation Matrix ◽  
Computerized Processing ◽  
Fully Automatic ◽  
Diffraction Patterns

Recently, it has become essential to develop a helpful method of the complete crystallographic identification of fine fragmented crystals. This was maainly due to the investigation into structural regularity of large plastic strains. The method should be practicable for determining crystallographic orientation (CO) of elastically stressed micro areas of the order of several micron fractions in size and filled with λ>1010 cm-2 density dislocations or stacking faults. The method must provide the misorientation vectors of the adjacent fragments when the angle ω changes from 0 to 180° with the accuracy of 0,3°. The problem is that the actual electron diffraction patterns obtained from fine fragmented crystals are the superpositions of reflections from various fragments, though more than one or two reflections from a fragment are hardly possible. Finally, the method should afford fully automatic computerized processing of the experimental results.The proposed method meets all the above requirements. It implies the construction for a certain base position of the crystal the orientation matrix (0M) A, which gives a single intercorrelation between the coordinates of the unity vector in the reference coordinate system (RCS) and those of the same vector in the crystal reciprocal lattice base : .

Computer processing of high-resolution images of periodic specimens

1986 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 2-5
Author(s):  
W. Chiu ◽  
M.F. Schmid ◽  
T.-W. Jeng
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Fourier Transforms ◽  
Complex Structure ◽  
Distribution Functions ◽  
Multiple Image ◽  
Cryo Electron Microscopy ◽  
Structure Factors ◽  
Unit Cells ◽  
High Resolution Images ◽  
Phase Probability Distribution

Cryo-electron microscopy has been developed to the point where one can image thin protein crystals to 3.5 Å resolution. In our study of the crotoxin complex crystal, we can confirm this structural resolution from optical diffractograms of the low dose images. To retrieve high resolution phases from images, we have to include as many unit cells as possible in order to detect the weak signals in the Fourier transforms of the image. Hayward and Stroud proposed to superimpose multiple image areas by combining phase probability distribution functions for each reflection. The reliability of their phase determination was evaluated in terms of a crystallographic “figure of merit”. Grant and co-workers used a different procedure to enhance the signals from multiple image areas by vector summation of the complex structure factors in reciprocal space.

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