scholarly journals THE CAUSES AND CONDITIONS OF CRIME IN THE FIELD OF ECONOMY

2021 ◽  
pp. 348-363
Author(s):  
S. Denysov ◽  
Yu. Filei
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Behavior ◽  
Criminal Activity ◽  
Economic Crime ◽  
Social Characteristics ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
The People ◽  
Criminal Offenses ◽  
Leading Position ◽  
The Media ◽  
Almost All

The article examines the issue of combating criminal offenses in the field of economics. It is emphasized that economic crime is caused by destructive tendencies in the development of market relations in the economy and social sphere. Lack of real protection of legitimate economic relations, lag of law-making activity from the needs of economic practice, unsystematic adoption of legal acts concerning certain elements of the economic system. Recently, there has been a process of merging economic and criminal offenses, as well as merging with organized crime. Penetrating into various spheres of the economy, criminal associations seek not only to establish control over the activities of specific enterprises but also to create their own structures capable of occupying a leading position in the infrastructure of individual industries. The intellectual level of criminal activity increases, the scope, and methods of encroachment expand. The reasons for committing mercenary crimes in the economic sphere are both objective and subjective. Thus, in the determination of crime involved both biological and social characteristics of man. An economic criminal does not perceive himself as a criminal, although he admits that he is breaking the law. The problem here is that the media is very one-sided coverage of the image of the traditional criminal, as well as the fact that economically criminal behavior is difficult at first glance to distinguish from socially obedient. Economic criminals justify their crimes by committing them with the tacit consent or approval of public opinion. They deny causing harm to citizens, and also claim that almost all businessmen do the same. If the profit significantly exceeds the possible punishment, then such a crime becomes profitable. Criminal behavior should not be economically or socially profitable. At the same time, it is important to improve the economic and social living conditions of the people.

Methods of Communication within the Chinese Bureaucracy

1974 ◽  
Vol 57 ◽  
pp. 1-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michel Oksenberg
Keyword(s):  
Communication Network ◽  
Mass Media ◽  
Closed System ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Education Campaign ◽  
The People ◽  
The Media ◽  
Contradictions Among The People ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Party Congress

Not until the Tenth Party Congress in August 1973 did the Chinese mass media openly refer to the “Lin Piao affair.” Yet, almost all Chinese - including Kwangtung commune members - had been given an explanation for his demise sometime previously, so the revelations of the Tenth Congress came as no surprise. Without help from the mass media, but with guidance from the network of political study groups, the Chinese had been taught how to decode such esoteric phrases as “Liu Shao-ch'i type swindlers” which appeared in the media. The dissemination of information about Lin Piao was the most dramatic but not the first indication of China's dual communication network: the open, mass media and the closed system contained within the bureaucracy (except for the final link to the populace). To cite other prominent examples, a recorded tape of Mao's important 27 February 1957 speech “On the Correct Handling of Contradictions among the People” was played for select audiences long before the revised version was published in June 1957. The series of edicts on agriculture and the socialist education campaign in the early 1960s were widely disseminated; yet the open press only reflected the spirit of the documents. Mao's interview with Edgar Snow that explained and sanctified Nixon's visit went unrecorded in the open media, but circulated widely among cadres.

scholarly journals Central Europe’s descent into autocracy: A constitutional analysis of authoritarian populism

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 597-616 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bojan Bugarič
Keyword(s):  
Civil Rights ◽  
Constitutional Democracy ◽  
Checks And Balances ◽  
Political Ideas ◽  
Legal Literature ◽  
The People ◽  
Short Period ◽  
The Media ◽  
Democratic Support ◽  
Almost All

Abstract The article offers an analysis of the particular type of populism that has evolved in Eastern and Central Europe, most notably in Hungary and Poland. The new populism in ECE differs from other populisms because it combines the elements of populism, ethnonationalism, and authoritarianism. Adhering to a similar script, which consists of sustained attacks on rule of law institutions, civil rights and freedoms, the media, and electoral rules, both populist governments in a relatively short period of time dismantled almost all the key cornerstones of democracy in Hungary and Poland. The current surge of populism in ECE demonstrates that constitutional democracy is in great danger when its core principles no longer enjoy wide democratic support. Paradoxically, constitutional democracy can play its “counter-majoritarian” role only when a majority of the people believe that it is the only game in town. Ultimately, democratic political parties and social movements with credible political ideas and programs offer the best hope for the survival of constitutional democracy. The role of law and constitutional checks and balances is less of an essential bulwark against democratic backsliding than is traditionally presumed in the legal literature.

scholarly journals TELEVISION: MEDIA FOR ISLAMIC EDUCATION IN MILLENNIUM ERA

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-138
Author(s):  
Mu’amalah Mu’amalah
Keyword(s):  
Technological Progress ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Islamic Education ◽  
Television Programs ◽  
The Public ◽  
Islamic Studies ◽  
The People ◽  
The Media ◽  
Technology And Communication ◽  
Almost All

Abstract The advances in technology and communication have affected almost all aspects of human life, including Islamic education. Television has become one of the products of this technological progress, bringing its advantages such as its audio-visual nature. The ability to reach the public has brought benefits in the education sector, especially Islamic education. In other words, the media have been able to provide Islamic education to the people of Indonesia. Television programs presented are able to manifest as textbooks with Islamic content, while the actors and figures presented were forms of teachers on television. Islamic studies on television can be seen in different events, ranging from tele-da'wah programs, music (nasyid, shalawat, and qasidah), operas and films, and other entertainment programs. Keywords: Television, Education Media, Islamic Studies ملخص انتباها إلى التقدم في التكنولوجيا والاتصالات التي أثرت تقريبا على جميع جوانب الحياة البشرية ، بما في ذلك مجال التعليم الإسلامي، قد أصبح التليفزيون أحد منتجات هذا التقدم التكنولوجي ، حيث جلب ميزاته ، مثل طبيعته السمعية والبصرية والقدرة على الوصول إلى عامة الناس ، وفوائده في مجال التعليم خاصة فى التعليم الإسلامي . أو بعبارة أخرى ، تمكن التليفزيون وسيلة من وسائل الإعلام من تقديم التربية الإسلامية لشعب إندونيسيا. وتمكنت البرامج التلفزيونية التي كانت موجودة من إظهارها ككتب مدرسية تحتوي على متغيرات المحتوى الإسلامي فيها ، في حين كانت الجهات الفاعلة والأشكال المقدمة عبارة عن أشكال من المدرسين في التلفزيون. يمكن رؤية الدراسات الإسلامية على شاشات التلفزيون في مناسبات مختلفة ، تتراوح بين برامج الدعوة ، والموسيقى ، والمسلسلات والأفلام والبرامج الترفيهية الأخرى. مفتاح الكلمات: التلفزيون ، وسائل التعليم ، الدراسات الإسلامية Abstrak Memperhatikan kemajuan teknologi dan komunikasi yang telah mempengaruhi hampir seluruh aspek kehidupan manusia, termasuk juga bidang pendidikan agama Islam. Televisi telah hadir menjadi salah satu produk dari kemajuan teknologi tersebut, dengan membawa serta kelebihan-kelebihannya seperti sifatnya yang audio-visual serta mampu menjangkau khalayak umum telah membawa manfaat dalam sektor pendidikan khususnya pendidikan Islam, atau dengan kata lain relevisi telah mampu menjadi media dalam memberikan pendidikan keislaman kepada masyarakat Indonesia. Acara-acara televisi yang hadir mampu menjelma sebagai buku pelajaran dengan varian konten keislaman didalamnya, sedangkan para aktor maupun figur yang dihadirkan merupakan bentuk guru yang ada di televisi. Studi-studi keislaman dalam televisi tersebut bisa kita lihat pada kemasana acara yang berbeda, mulai dari program tele-dakwah (pengajian), musik (nasyid, shalawat, qasidah), sinetron dan film, serta acara-acara lainnya yang bersifat entertainment. Kata Kunci: Televisi, Media Pendidikan, Studi Islam

Criminological analysis of determinants of criminal behavior

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (S4) ◽  
pp. 1483-1499
Author(s):  
Maksym Zabarniy ◽  
Vasyl Topchii ◽  
Tatiana Korniakova ◽  
Oksana Topchii ◽  
Vitalii Topchii
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Behavior ◽  
Criminal Cases ◽  
Criminal Offenses ◽  
Illegal Acts ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Criminal Conduct ◽  
Criminological Theories ◽  
Criminological Analysis ◽  
Case Basis

This article analyzes the process of determination of criminal conduct. The authors argue that the reasons for criminal conduct are individual and can vary significantly on a case-by-case basis. Its dependence on both biological and social factors is stated. The combination of pathological heredity, social environment, political and economic factors can cause criminal behavior. At the same time, the psychological aspects of illegal acts are taken into account within almost all criminological theories to a greater or lesser extent. Criminal behavior is always demonstrated only by an individual and, above all, it is a manifestation of psychological deformities, expressed in the phenomenon of criminogenic contamination. Therefore, understanding its essence will better determine the nature of the warning influence. As a result, it is possible to answer several questions about the determination and nature of criminal behavior, the reasons for the commission of criminal offenses, the peculiarities of the functioning of the mental sphere, psychological problems, complexes, etc. This information helps to optimize methods of crime prevention, provide for further actions of serial criminals, help in the identification of offenders and the investigation of criminal cases.

Analysis of the Presence of Criminal Offenses in the Field of the Shadow Economy in Serbia

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-147
Author(s):  
Snezana Knezevic ◽  
Dragan Cvetkovic ◽  
Marija Micovic ◽  
Aleksandra Mitrović ◽  
Stefan Milojević
Keyword(s):  
Economic Activity ◽  
Shadow Economy ◽  
Economic Crime ◽  
Material Damage ◽  
Structure And Dynamics ◽  
Criminal Offenses ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Budget Revenue

The shadow economy offenses are a group of offenses with a wide variety of manifestations occurring in almost all areas of economic activity. The shadow economy, as a special form of economic crime, is increasingly disrupting the smooth functioning of the economy, but also causing significant material damage to society. The Republic of Serbia is making efforts to curb the shadow economy, which significantly reduces its budget revenue. In this paper, after conceptual determination of the shadow economy phenomena in the literature review, determining the causes and manifestations of crimes in the field of the shadow economy, we will analyze their volume, structure and dynamics, as well as their participation in the mass of total, i.e. economic crime in the Republic of Serbia from 2006 to in 2018. The aim of this paper is to emphasize the extreme importance of more appropriate involvement of competent authorities in order to combat this type of crime in modern economies by analyzing the causes and effects as well as the dynamics of this phenomenon.

Fibrinolytic Activity of the Arterial Wall

1969 ◽  
Vol 21 (01) ◽  
pp. 001-011 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Onoyama ◽  
K Tanaka
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Fibrinolytic Activity ◽  
Arterial Wall ◽  
Aortic Wall ◽  
Internal Carotid ◽  
Atheromatous Plaque ◽  
Human Fibrinogen ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Common ◽  
Almost All

SummaryThe tissue fibrinolysis was studied in 550 specimens of 7 kinds of arteries from 80 fresh cadavers, using Astrup’s biochemical method and Todd’s histochemical method with human fibrinogen.In the microscopically normal aortic wall, almost all specimens had the fibrinolytic activity which was the strongest in the adventitia and the weakest in the media.The fibrinolytic activity seemed to be localized in the endothelium.The stronger activity lay in the adventitia of the aorta and the pulmonary artery and all layers of the cerebral artery.The activity of the intima and media of the macroscopically normal areas seemed to be stronger in the internal carotid artery than in the common carotid artery.Mean fibrinolytic activity of the macroscopically normal areas seemed to decrease with age in the intima and the media of the thoracic aorta and seemed to be low in the cases with a high atherosclerotic index.The fibrinolytic activities of all three layers of the fibrous thickened aorta seemed to decrease, and those of the media and the adventitia of the atheromatous plaque to increase.The fibrinolytic activity of the arterial wall might play some role in the progress of atherosclerosis.

MURAL, KEKUATAN MODAL, DAN MASYARAKAT

DeKaVe ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Akbar Annasher
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Communication Media ◽  
Mural Painting ◽  
The People ◽  
The Media ◽  
Mural Art ◽  
The City ◽  
The Voice ◽  
Special Region

Broadly speaking, this paper discusses the phenomenon of murals that are now spread in Yogyakarta Special Region, especially the city of Yogyakarta. Mural painting is an art with a media wall that has the elements of communication, so the mural is also referred to as the art of visual communication. Media is a media wall closest to the community, because the distance between the media with the audience is not limited by anything, direct and open, so the mural is often used as media to convey ideas, the idea of ??community, also called the media the voice of the people. Location of mural art in situations of public spatial proved inviting the owners of capital to use such means, in this case is the mural. Manufacturers of various products began racing the race to put on this wall media, as time goes by without realizing the essence of the actual mural art was forced to turn to the commercial essence, the only benefit some parties only, the power of public spaces gradually occupied by the owners of capital, they hopes that the community can view the contents of messages and can obtain information for the products offered. it brings motivation and cognitive and affective simultaneously in the community.Keywords: Mural, Public Space, and Society.

The War of US against ISIS in Psychological Warfare and Internet as the New Frontline

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 129
Author(s):  
Urtak Hamiti
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
Barack Obama ◽  
Good News ◽  
Islamic State ◽  
Media Center ◽  
The People ◽  
Psychological Warfare ◽  
The Media ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Hearts And Minds

Barbaric, savage, horrific-these were terms to define the decision of the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS) to murder its captured Jordanian pilot by burning him alive inspired a thesaurus of horror and revulsion. The men who did it, the perpetrators were described by the media as mad men, thugs, monsters. To most of the people, the act itself seemed inexplicable and without sense. However, behind the choreographed and videotaped violence lies a calculated horrible cold logic. Although, ISIS is often portrait as a mighty force on the ground in Syria and Iraq, facts state that they control mainly communications between various provinces in both countries, and, as most guerrilla armies, are militarily weak by conventional measure. ISIS has little or almost none defense against the bombing campaign that is facing now, while US has formed a coalition that is confronting them on the ground as well, after President Barack Obama published the “New Security Doctrine” which includes degrading and finally destroying ISIS. ISIS, however, have proven to be very organized in promoting dramatic acts of violence against their enemies and promoting them two achieve two goals: use terror tactics as a psychological weapon against all those facing them and all those that are to face them in combat. Secondly, through usage of social network platforms to promote killings and executions, the aim of ISIS is to encourage recruits from out of Syria and Iraq, and elsewhere, to join them in their cause. Online operations of ISIS fall under a production group called the Al Hayat Media Center. The Center was created to seduce Westerners into joining the ranks of ISIS and also to distribute propaganda through social and media platforms. It is difficult to assess the success of this operation, but solid sources provided by US military and intelligence estimate that at least 300 Americans are fighting in the ranks of ISIS (at least two Americans have been killed fighting for ISIS in Iraq/Syria region) while the number of Europeans is in thousands. The US Response to this psychological kind of warfare came when President Barack Obama established the Center for Strategic Counterterrorism Communications (CSCC) aiming to combat terrorist propaganda. The main strategy of CSCC is not directly to confront ISIS operatives, but rather than that to deal with the people they are trying to recruit. Now, with almost entire international public opinion on their side, it is time for US to more actively respond to ISIS especially in the manner of psychological warfare since it is obvious that operations of “winning hearts and minds” of people in Iraq and Syria are not enough compared to ruthless tactics of ISIS which “winning hearts and minds” by brute force, terror, and vivid violent images. The online propaganda war is a new component to conflicts of 21st century that allows enemies to reach one another’s home fronts directly. ISIS might seem not so strong on the ground but it has captured one fundamental flaw of the media of 21st century-the one that bad news is always good news and that televised violence will always have an audience. ISIS has proclaimed that its goal is to create a caliphate of 21st century but its psychological warfare and propaganda is inspiring individuals throughout the West to commit horrible terrorist crimes. Could this be another mind game set up by ISIS, it remains to be seen. However one thing is for certain, US and its allies must tackle ISIS not only by planes and other military means, but also by a strategy that would eliminate its influence in spreading their propaganda.

MISTISISME TRADISI MAPPADENDANG DI DESA ALLAMUNGENG PATUE, KABUPATEN BONE

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Askar Nur
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Ethnographic Approach ◽  
The People ◽  
Village People ◽  
Almost All ◽  
The Village

This research explains the mysticism of mappadendang tradition in Allamungeng Patue Village, Bone Regency, which is believed by the local community as a form of shielding from danger and can resist reinforcemen such as Covid-19 outbreak. This research is a descriptive study using qualitative method and an ethnographic approach. This research was carried out with the aim of identifying the mystical space in mappadendang tradition which was held in Allamungeng Patue Village. After conducting the tracing process, the researcher found that mappadendang tradition which was held in Allamungeng Patue Village, Bone Regency in July 2020 was not a tradition of harvest celebration as generally in several villages in Bone Regency, especially Bugis tribe, but mappadendang was held as a form of shielding from all distress including Covid-19 outbreak. This trust was obtained after one of the immigrants who now resides in the village dreamed of meeting an invisible figure (tau panrita) who ordered a party to be held that would bring all the village people because remembering that in the village during Covid-19 happened to almost all the existing areas in Indonesia, the people of Allamungeng Patue Village were spared from the outbreak. Spontaneously, the people of Allamungeng Patue Village worked together to immediately carry out the mappadendang tradition as a form of interpretation of the message carried by the figure.

scholarly journals The kiss of death. Public service media under right-wing populist attack

2021 ◽  
pp. 026732312199133
Author(s):  
Christina Holtz-Bacha
Keyword(s):  
Public Service ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
Democratic Accountability ◽  
Political Actors ◽  
The Public ◽  
The People ◽  
Democratic Control ◽  
The Media ◽  
Democratic System ◽  
Public Scrutiny

With the surge of populism in Europe, public service broadcasting has come under increased pressure. The established media are considered part of the corrupt elite not serving the interests of the people. The public service media, for which pluralism is at the core of their remit, are a particular thorn in the side of the populists. Therefore, they attack the financial basis of public service, which is supposed to guarantee their independence. The populist attacks on the traditional broadcasting corporations meet with the interests of neoliberal politics and of those political actors who want to evade public scrutiny and democratic control and do no longer feel committed to democratic accountability. The assaults on the public service media are thus an assault on freedom of the media and further increase the pressure on the democratic system.

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