INHIBIN A AND HUMAN β-CHORIONIC GONADOTROPIN AS PREDICTORS OF EARLY PRE-ECLAMPSIA AT 16–18 WEEKS OF PREGNANCY

2019 ◽  
pp. 53-59
Author(s):  
L.D. Belotserkovtseva ◽  
L.V. Kovalenko ◽  
D.P. Telitsyn
Keyword(s):  
Chorionic Gonadotropin ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Individual Risk ◽  
Inhibin A ◽  
Continuous Sampling ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Β Hcg ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Risk Of Preeclampsia ◽  
Group 1

The aim of the study was to examine the levels of human β-chorionic gonadotropin (β-hCG) and inhibin A, as prognostic criteria for the development of early pre-eclampsia at 16–18 weeks of pregnancy. Materials and Methods. The prospective study included 60 patients with singlet pregnancies who underwent their first prenatal screening at 11–13 weeks. The patients were selected from 300 patients using continuous sampling method. According to the gestation course and outcome, the patients were divided into 2 groups: group 1 included 45 women with uncomplicated birth, group 2 consisted of 15 women with pre-eclampsia which developed before the 34th week. Based on calculations of the individual pre-eclampsia risks up to the 34th week of pregnancy according to the results of Astraia program (>1:300), women at 16–18 weeks of pregnancy underwent additional examination to determine inhibin A and β-hCG. Results. In both groups, burdened obstetric and somatic anamnesis prevailed. Uterus fibroids and cervical ectopia were significantly more common in women with pre-eclampsia, developed up to the 34th week of pregnancy. Moreover, the threatened miscarriage prevailed in the second trimester. In the group with pre-eclampsia developed up to the 34th week, β-hCG and inhibin A values were, respectively, >35 ng/ml and >260 pg/ml. The indicators were significantly higher than in the uncomplicated birth group. Conclusions. The individual risk of preeclampsia calculated according to the Astraia program up to the 34th week of pregnancy (>1:300) and elevated levels of inhibin A and β-hCG can be considered the predictors of the early pre-eclampsia development. Keywords: early pre-eclampsia, inhibin A, human β-chorionic gonadotropin.

scholarly journals Inflammatory changes in the placenta in ischemic-cervical insufficiency

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 33-37
Author(s):  
V. F. Dolgushina ◽  
E. S. Alikhanova ◽  
M. V. Astashkina ◽  
L. A. Smolnikova
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Umbilical Cord ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Fetal Membranes ◽  
Cervical Insufficiency ◽  
Continuous Sampling ◽  
Ascending Infection ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Inflammatory Changes ◽  
Group 1

Introduction. The high frequency of inflammatory changin the placenta in isthmic-cervical insufficiency may be primarily associated with an ascending infection as a result of a violation of the barrier function of the cervix, however, premature remodeling of the cervix may also be secondary due to an already existing process. The study of the features of the spread of the infectious process and thnature of the inflammatory reaction in various structures of the placenta and fetal membranes can contribute to the understanding of pathogenetic mechanisms of preterm birth in isthmic-crvical insufficiency. Aim of the study — to evaluate the frequency and structure of inflammatory changes in the placenta in women with isthmic-cervical insufficiency. Materials and methods. A prospective cohort study was conduct, which included 154 pregnant women taken by the continuous sampling method. All patients were divided into two groups: group 1 consisted of 100 pregnant women with isthmic-cervical insufficiency, group 2 — pregnant women without isthmic-cervical insufficiency. All women after childbirth underwent a pathomorphological examination of the afterbirth. Results and discussion. In women with isthmic-cervical insufficiency, inflamatory changes in the placenta were detected in 71% (71) of cases, which was significantly more frequent compared to group 2 — 38.9% (21). Membranitis was significantly more frequent in isthmic-cervical insufficiency, amounting to 16% (16) versus 3.7% (2) comparison group (OR=4.32, 95% СI=1.03-18.09, p=0.023). Chorioamnionitis was 6 times more common in the afterbirth in women of group 1, accounting for 12% (12), versus 1.9% (1) in group 2 (OR=6.48, 95% CI=0.87-48.51, p=0.031). Involvement of the umbilical cord in the inflammatory process occurred only in pregnant women with isthmic-cervical insufficiency: funiculitis was combined with membranitis in 4% (4) of cases (p=0.137), the combination of funiculitis with choriomnionitis was detcted in 7% (7) of women p=0.047). Conclusion. The frequencof detection of inflammatory changes in the placenta in ICN was 71% (71). In the structure of inflammatory changes of the afterbirth in patients with ICN, the defeat of the fetal membranes prevails, which may indicate a predominatly ascending path of infection in this pathology. Damage membranes prevails, which may indicate a predominatly ascending path of infection in this pathology. Damage to the umbilical cord in ICN can occur both wth total inflammation of all structures of the placenta, and directly through the fetal membranes, without involving the chorion in the process.

scholarly journals Stage stratification of pregnant women at risk of preeclampsia

2021 ◽  
pp. 174-184
Author(s):  
Yu. V. Tezikov ◽  
I. S. Lipatov ◽  
A. R. Azamatov ◽  
E. M. Zumorina ◽  
M. S. Amosov
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Perinatal Outcomes ◽  
Individual Risk ◽  
Laboratory Examination ◽  
Group I ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Basic Link ◽  
Mechanisms Of Development ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Risk Of Preeclampsia

Introduction. Pre-eclampsia (PE) continues to be the leading problem in obstetrics. The existing methods for predicting PE show insufficient efficiency, and therefore the search for new predictors of PE remains relevant.The goal of the study. To develop a method for staged stratification of pregnant women to the risk of PE according on the basis of the revealed dismetabolic features of the pathogenesis of this complication of gestation.Material and methods. A dynamic clinical and laboratory examination of 180 pregnant women with independent factors of high risk of PE was carried out. PE was revealed in 89 women who made up group I. Group II (control) consisted of 30 healthy pregnant women with the physiological gestation.Results and discussion. A statistically significant increase in diabetogenic and atherogenic changes characteristic of physiological pregnancy, changes in hormonal, endothelial-hemostasiological, pro-inflammatory and placental parameters aimed at the energy and plastic supply of the fetus was revealed in women with PE. The results of laboratory examination, statistical data processing showed that the most significant pathogenetic mechanisms of development of PE are pathological insulin resistance (IR) and hyperinsulinemia (HI), which act as the basic link and initiate atherogenic transformation of the lipid profile, pro-inflammatory and immunometabolic disorders, prothrombotic status, hyperleptinemia, hyperuricemia, antiangiogenic state and endothelial dysfunction, which indicates a  pronounced pathogenetic and clinical similarity of  PE and metabolic syndrome. The  revealed features of the pathogenesis of PE were reflected in the method of staged risk stratification of pregnant women: the models for assessing the individual risk of PE implementation included the levels of insulin, PlGF, PAMG-1, and TNF-α at 11–14 weeks of gestation; levels of insulin, uric acid, TNF-α, and mean platelet volume at 18-21 weeks of gestation (I trimester – AUC = 0.886, Se = 86.7%, Sp = 84.3%; II trimester - AUC = 0.874, Se = 83.3%, Sp = 87.2%, р < 0.001).Conclusion. Practical application of the developed pathogenetically substantiated method of staged stratification of pregnant women by the risk of PE implementation will justify the appointment and enhancement of preventive measures, reduce the incidence of severe and complicated forms of PE, and improve gestational and perinatal outcomes.

scholarly journals Impact of Outpatient Antibiotic Use on Carriage of Ampicillin-ResistantEscherichia coli

2010 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 1135-1141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew H. Samore ◽  
Claude Tonnerre ◽  
Elizabeth Lyon Hannah ◽  
Gregory J. Stoddard ◽  
Robert J. Borotkanics ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Class ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Antibiotic Consumption ◽  
Clinic Visit ◽  
Individual Risk ◽  
Competitive Balance ◽  
Household Level ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

ABSTRACTStudies about the relationship between antibiotic consumption and carriage of antibiotic-resistantEscherichia coliin individual patients have yielded conflicting results. The goal of this study was to identify individual- and household-level factors associated with carriage of ampicillin (AMP)-resistantE. coliduring consumption of a course of oral antibiotics. We enrolled outpatients and their families in a prospective household study of AMP-resistant or AMP-susceptibleE. colicarriage. Two kinds of index patients were identified. Group 1 consisted of outpatients who were being initiated on a new antibiotic course at the time of a clinic visit, and group 2 consisted of outpatients not starting antibiotics. Each participant was asked to submit three stool swab samples (at baseline, week 1, and week 4) and to complete a questionnaire. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed on each phenotypically distinctE. colicolony. The study included 149 group 1 households (total, 570 participants) and 38 group 2 households (total, 131 participants). AMP-resistantE. coliwas recovered from 29% of stool samples. Observed associations with antibiotic exposure varied by drug class. Penicillins, which were the most frequently prescribed drug class, were associated with a modest increase in AMP-resistantE. colicarriage and a modest decrease in AMP-susceptibleE. colicarriage. Neither change by itself was statistically significant. Macrolides were associated with reduced carriage of both AMP-resistantE. coliand AMP-susceptibleE. coli(P< 0.05). Both AMP-resistant and AMP-susceptibleE. colidemonstrated household clustering (P< 0.001). In summary, the overall effect of antibiotics on individual risk of carriage of AMP-resistantE. coliwas small. However, even a modest alteration of the competitive balance between AMP-resistant and AMP-susceptibleE. colimay promote population spread of resistantE. coli. Examining changes in both resistant and susceptible organisms in antibiotic-treated individuals and their close contacts improves understanding of antibiotic selection pressure.

What is a normal stimulated growth hormone concentration?

1992 ◽  
Vol 133 (3) ◽  
pp. 447-450 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. T. Dattani ◽  
P. J. Pringle ◽  
P. C. Hindmarsh ◽  
C. G. D. Brook
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Standard Deviation Score ◽  
Height Velocity ◽  
Hormone Concentration ◽  
The Third ◽  
Short Children ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Serum Gh ◽  
Group 1

ABSTRACT In a retrospective analysis, we have compared the response of serum GH concentration to insulin-induced hypoglycaemia in 148 short prepubertal children (114 males, 34 females) aged between 3·9 and 11·9 years with the growth rate of the individual to determine 'cut-off' values for the diagnosis of GH insufficiency. Sixty-three children grew with a height velocity standard deviation score (SDS) greater than −0·8 (group 1), which represents the growth velocity of children progressing along or closely parallel to the third height centile. Eighty-five children had a height velocity SDS of less than −0·8 (group 2). Median peak serum GH concentration responses to insulin-induced hypoglycaemia were 19·9 mU/l (range 1·5–54·4) in group 1 and 9·9 mU/l (range 0·7–46·2) in group 2 (Mann–Whitney; P < 0·001). Using growth rate as the determinant of normality, the efficiency, sensitivity and specificity of the insulin-induced hypoglycaemia test were calculated using different serum GH concentration cut-off values to diagnose GH insufficiency. In our (Hybritech) assay, a cut-off value of 13·5 mU/l provided optimal performance in terms of efficiency (66%), sensitivity (64%) and specificity (70%). The response of serum GH concentration to insulin-induced hypoglycaemia in short children growing at different growth rates was continuous. Each laboratory measuring serum GH concentrations needs to construct its own 'normal' cut-off value. Journal of Endocrinology (1992) 133, 447–450

scholarly journals Should the Diastatic Syndesmosis be Stabilized in Advanced Pronation-External Rotation Ankle Injuries? A Retrospective Cohort Comparison

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chi-Chuan Wu ◽  
Wen-Ling Yeh ◽  
Po-Cheng Lee ◽  
Ying-Chao Chou ◽  
Yung-Heng Hsu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
External Rotation ◽  
Ankle Injuries ◽  
Ligament Healing ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Ankle Function ◽  
Pronation External Rotation ◽  
With Screws ◽  
Group 1

Abstract Background: Ankle injuries with the advanced pronation-external rotation (PE) type are relatively uncommon and the debate about whether the diastatic syndesmosis should be stabilized concomitantly has yet achieved a consensus. Comparison of using (Group 1) or non-using (Group 2) screw stabilization for the diastatic syndesmosis was performed retrospectively. Methods: With the 10-year period, 81 consecutive adult patients with advanced PE ankle injuries (stage 3 or 4 PE type) were treated. After malleolar fractures were internally stabilized with screws and plates, the syndesmotic stability was re-checked by external rotation and hook tests. The necessity of insertion of cortical screws to stabilize diastatic syndesmosis was decided by the individual orthopedic surgeon. The outcomes of both approaches were compared. Results: Seventy-one patients were followed for at least one year (87.7%; average, 2 years; range, 1-11 years). Group 1 had 22 patients and Group 2, 49 patients. The union rate in Group 1 was 100% (22 / 22) and in Group 2, 91.8% (45 / 49; p= 0.30). Syndesmosis re-diastasis occurred in 13.6% (3 / 22) of Group 1 and 30.6% (15 / 49) of Group 2 (p= 0.13). Satisfactory ankle function was noted in 86.4% (19 / 22) of Group 1 and 65.3% (32 / 49) of Group 2 (p= 0.07). Conclusion: Although clinical comparison cannot demonstrate statistical difference, screw stabilization of the diastatic syndesmosis may guarantee safer results. The statistical insignificance may be due to insufficient sample sizes. Clinically and theoretically, insertion of syndesmotic screws to promote ligament healing may be reasonable.

scholarly journals Correlation of Anxiety Levels between Temporomandibular Disorder Patients and Normal Subjects

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Subhash Vasudeva ◽  
Asha Iyengar ◽  
Nagesh Seetaramaiah
Keyword(s):  
Temporomandibular Disorder ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale ◽  
Normal Individuals ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Anxiety Depression ◽  
Group 1

Background. Temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) are among the common musculoskeletal conditions affecting the individual. Anxiety plays an important role in the pathogenesis of TMD. Modern lifestyle and work environment bring to focus the role of anxiety in everyday life which is changing the demographics of diseases like TMD. This study compared the anxiety scores between TMD patients and normal subjects. Material and Methods. 505 individuals were included in the study who were divided into group 1 with 255 individuals presenting with signs and symptoms of TMD and group 2 with 250 normal individuals as controls. Hospital anxiety depression scale was used to calculate the anxiety scores. Fischer’s t test was used to compare the anxiety scores between the two groups. Results. 80% of individuals in group 2 and 44% in group 1 individuals had normal anxiety scores. 45% of the individuals in group 1 and 19% in group 2 had borderline anxiety scores. 11% of group 1 individuals and <1% of group 2 individuals demonstrated high anxiety scores. These results were statistically significant. Conclusion. Individuals with TMD exhibited higher levels of anxiety scores whereas significant number of control subjects exhibited normal anxiety scores.

scholarly journals PSII-2 The impact of essential oil supplementation on sow milk composition and fecal dry matter

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 229-229
Author(s):  
Shannon L Dierking ◽  
H J Monegue ◽  
Merlin D Lindemann
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Late Gestation ◽  
Gross Energy ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Group 1

Abstract The transition from gestation to lactation greatly impacts the sow body. The expulsion of piglets, placenta, and fluids can result in dehydration and consequently constipation post-farrowing. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of an EO product (tradename Absorbezz) on sow fecal dry matter and milk composition. A total of 101 late-gestation sows from three farrowing groups (Group 1: 110 ± 3 d GEST, 263 ± 28 kg initial BW, Group 2: 109 ± 1 d GEST, 259 ± 26 kg initial BW, Group 3: 73 ± 5 d GEST, 238 ± 30 kg initial BW) were allotted to one of two treatments based on parity and BW in each group (Groups 1 and 2: CON: No EO, TRT: 10 mL/d of EO top-dressed; Group 3 received the EO as part of their diet, with a range dependent on the individual sow’s daily feed intake). Sows remained on their respective dietary treatments throughout the remainder of gestation and lactation. Samples were collected from each group (feces; d 110 of gestation, d 4 to 6 and day 14 to 17 of lactation; milk (Group 2 and 3); d 14 to 17). Analysis of variance was performed using PROC GLM of SAS. The TRT group did not experience any differences in the components of fat, protein, and total solids (P > 0.10), there was an increase in lactose (5.97 vs 5.84, P = 0.04), but a decrease in solids non-fat (10.91 vs. 11.00, P = 0.07), and gross energy compared to those of the CON group (4.29 mJ/kg vs. 4.45 mJ/kg, P = 0.08). Fecal DM was not affected at any collection time (P > 0.10). Overall, the addition of EO did not affect fecal DM, but did influence several milk components.

Experimental Toothclenching in Common Migraine

Cephalalgia ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 245-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai Jensen ◽  
Per Bülow ◽  
Hanne Hansen
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Tension ◽  
Surface Emg ◽  
Temporal Muscle ◽  
Verbal Scale ◽  
Muscle Tenderness ◽  
Manual Palpation ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
The Individual ◽  
High Level ◽  
Group 1

The effect of 30 min voluntary toothclenching was studied in 48 patients with common migraine, randomized in two groups. Group 1 performed low-level tension at 5% and group 2, high-level tension at 30% the individual maximum, as judged by surface EMG from the temporal muscle. Pericranial muscle tenderness was evaluated by manual palpation and a four-point verbal scale. Headache, nausea, and soreness of the chewing muscles were scored on visual analogue scales. Although surface EMG, soreness, blood pressure, heart rate and difficulty in completing the toothclenching session all showed that group 2 patients were subjected to significantly higher levels of muscle tension than group 1 patients, headache developed equally often in both groups (63%). Headache was even more pronounced in group 1 (n.s.). Five patients in group 1 and none in group 2 developed an attack of migraine during the following 24 h. Pericranial muscle tenderness was unaffected by the experimental procedure. There was no significant correlation between headache intensity and pericranial muscle tenderness. Muscle ischemia, muscle “fatigue”, and strain on muscle insertions are thus unlikely to cause attacks of common migraine.

scholarly journals Hepatitis A Virus Prevalence among Healthcare Students and Profissionals of Federal University of Bahia, Brazils

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Schinoni MI ◽  
◽  
Andrade J ◽  
Freire SM ◽  
Macedo LS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Material ◽  
Hepatitis A ◽  
Hepatitis A Virus ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Virus Prevalence ◽  
Professional Category ◽  
History Of ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Group 1

Introduction: Hepatitis A Virus (HAV) is a hepatotrophic virus with oral-fecal transmission. Occupational exposition to the virus is not common in the health practice and this way of contagious is not considered as a risk of infection. Adults have more probability to have fulminate clinical manifestations and in Brazil, the most of population older than 20 years have had contact with this virus. Aim: to study the prevalence of antibodies anti A virus (IgGHAV) in students (group 1) and professionals (group 2) of the health area of the Federal University of Bahia (UFBA). Methods: was studied IgGHAV in 335 seras from volunteers who had completed an epidemiological questionnaire. Results: Antibodies IgGHAV+ in 56, 1% of the sample and 43,9 % of the individuals were susceptible to the infection. 94, 4% of the professional had IgGHAV+ and 48, 8% of the students had IgGHAV+ (p=0,000). There was an association between professional category and history of exposition to biological material (p=0,0017). There was not association between IgGHAV+ and history of exposition to biological material. This result could show the environment and occupational exposition to this virus. The more prevalence of IgGHAV titers in the professional individuals who were older shows the spread of the infection life through. Conclusion: this study showed that 43,9 % of the individual who start to work in contact with biological material are susceptible to the hepatitis A infection, this generate an new epidemiological reconsideration about the practice of vaccination in this special population in Brazil.

scholarly journals Otsenka riska padeniy zhenshchin s postmenopauzal'nymosteoporozom, poluchayushchikh al'fakal'tsidol

2010 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 15-17
Author(s):  
M. V. Strunina ◽  
M. V. Telyushchenko ◽  
A. A. Popov ◽  
N. V. Izmozherova
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Individual Risk ◽  
Risk Of Falling ◽  
Lifestyle Modifications ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Study Objective ◽  
Antiresorptive Agents ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

The study objective: to assess the influence of alfacalcidol treatment on risk of falling in real clinical practice. Methods. Prospective cohort study included 46 postmenopausal women aged from 52 to 78, who had high risk of falling, low bone mineral density, glomerular filtration rate from 65 to 30 ml/min, signed informed consent and were naïve to calcium, vitamin D and antiresorptive agents. All patients have participated in Osteoporosis Patients School Classes, received prescriptions for daily 1 mcg alfacalcidol and approved recommendations on lifestyle modifications including diet, exercises and movement patterns. Individual risk of falling was assessed with the help of Guralnik Short Physical Performance Battery Score. Results. There were no new cases of falling and fractures in the cohort during 12 months. During the study period 28 women showed compliance to alfacalcidol 80% or more (group 1), in 15 patients compliance was less than 80% (group 2) and 3 women decided to quit the study. Only group 1 demonstrated significant physical function changes for the better while there were no significant changes in group 2. Conclusion. In a group of postmenopausal women with high risk of falling and fractures, significant positive changes in lower extremity performance and balance tests were registered only in women with 80% or higher compliance to alfacalcidol consumption.

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