scholarly journals FORMATION OF THE LABOR MARKET INEQUALITY IN THE DIGITAL AGE

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (44) ◽  
pp. 32-44
Author(s):  
Е.S. Sadovaya ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Business Processes ◽  
Labor Relations ◽  
Social Consequences ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Computer Algorithms ◽  
Labor Costs ◽  
Main Category ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
The Social

Recognizing the growth of inequality as one of the main social and economic problems of our time. The author concludes that it is natural and caused by a radical reformatting of the economy influenced by digital technologies. The article examines the organizational and technological changes in the modern economy, influenced by digitalization, in terms of their impact on labor relations and the restructuring of the modern labor market. The paper aims to study the mechanisms of the inequality formation in the labor market and the peculiarities of the social and labor sphere functions in the new economic reality. Employment, as a connecting link between economic and social processes, has been chosen as the main category of scientific analysis, which makes it possible to understand the essence of the ongoing transformations, as well as their social consequences. These transformations can be implemented using software automation of business processes. From the economic point of view, it allows you to significantly increase labor productivity, from the social point of view, it helps to reduce the demand for labor and labor costs. Automation of individual business processes turns out to be a socio-technological prerequisite for the “platformization” of employment and the emergence of crowdworking platforms that institutionalize this process. The increasingly widespread employment platform, which fundamentally changes the relationship between employers and workers, reduces social protection for the latter and leads to the segmentation of the previously egalitarian labor market. Under the influence of digitalization of business processes, labor relations are being transformed from social into computer algorithms, and the “employee” becomes a “user of mobile applications”. The article highlights the stages of business automation and examines its impact on employment and the nature of social and labor relations from the organizational, technological, political, economic and macroeconomic perspectives. In addition, the social consequences of digital transformation of business processes are analyzed in relation to the conditions of specific business activities – the manufacturing sector and the service sector. The author concludes that the digitalization of business processes affects the change in the nature of social and labor relations indirectly – through a decrease in demand for labor and structural changes in employment. Understanding the essence of this process is important for identifying the root causes of the inequality in the modern labor market, and the conclusions of the research may be useful when choosing options of state policy aimed at eliminating its most acute consequences.

Towards a Two-Tier Society?

1997 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-106
Author(s):  
Rudi Wielers ◽  
Peter van der Meer
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Social Security ◽  
Social Conflict ◽  
Social Consequences ◽  
Labor Costs ◽  
Market Change ◽  
Education And Health ◽  
Selection Processes ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Security Benefits

The labor market has a crucial distribution function in Western welfare societies and is therefore a major source of social conflict. Our main argument is that a two-tier society develops as a consequence of the development of the labor market. Because labor costs increase relative to those of capital, selection devices in the labor market change. Level of education and health become more important, whereas the significance of gender decreases. The social consequences of these selection processes are analyzed as a process of spatial and mental segregation between participants and non-participants in the labor market. The social security system is an especially important new locus of social conflict. We conclude that the neo-liberal solution of reducing social security benefits will have the perverse effect of calling into existence an underclass, which threatens the property rights of the participants.

SOCIO-ECONOMIC FEATURES OF THE YOUTH LABOR AND RESOURCE MARKET: REGIONAL ASPECT

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-59
Author(s):  
A. Sarsenova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
Young People ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Professional Career ◽  
Regional Aspect ◽  
The Social ◽  
Economic State ◽  
Main Factor

The article analyzes the social and economic state of the labor market as the main factor determining the choice of labor strategies by young people. When forming labor strategies and building a professional career of modern youth, it is necessary to take into account the structure of the labor market. The structure of the labour market generally depends on the needs of specific occupations,level of urbanization,characteristics of regional economic development, and the development of the economy as a whole. Therefore, it is extremely important to comprehensively consider the structure of the country's labor market from a socio-economic point of view.

scholarly journals Current Problems of the Public Regulation of Labor Market in Ukraine

2017 ◽  
pp. 90-96
Author(s):  
О. V. Аkilinа
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Public Administration ◽  
Social Insurance ◽  
Labor Relations ◽  
Negotiation Process ◽  
Qualitative Assessment ◽  
Employment Policy ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Social ◽  
Legislative Reforms

The article is devoted to changes of some legislative acts of reform public administration in employment. Analysis and qualitative assessment of the Draft Law of Ukraine “On Amending Certain Legislative Acts of Ukraine to reform of public administration in the employment and social insurance in case unemployment” has been done in the work. The author considers that in developing of legislative reforms in employment necessary to expand the list of sources of funding for implementing public policy through gradual attracting resources of separate trust funds for the implementation of employment policy. It is necessary to create mechanism for attracting funds from private foundations and differentiate the expenditure of the Fund of Compulsory public social insurance Ukraine in case of unemployment with the allocation of urban and rural units. Implementation of these reforms requires pre reforming of social insurance in case unemployment. In addition greater attention should be paid to the development of methodology measures to facilitate employment and assessment of their effectiveness in the short and long terms. Voucher systems can be effectively introduced to the labor market once the labor market actors (local employment offices, education institutions and private sector) interact and the potential users are prepared to accept them (have the required awareness and stimuli). Transfer of voucher systems is possible, but the introduction won’t be effective without well proven practices and due account to the available resources. Also, the problem of building social dialog should not be overlooked when elaborating regulatory reforms in the employment. Ways to enhance the effectiveness of social dialogue and activate the positions of all the entities involved in the negotiation process need to be found, in order to preserve the development prospects for the already existing system of social and labor relations, although not quite acceptable for a major part of the Ukrainian community. The social stability in Ukraine is largely dependent on the quality and controllability of the mechanisms underlying the social and labor relations system, and on the capacity of its actors.

ANALISIS KEBIJAKAN ALBA & PETROCARIBE NICOLAS MADURO MOROS UNTUK MENGHADAPI DOMINASI POLITIK NEOLIBERALISME AMERIKA SERIKAT DI VENEZUELA PADA TAHUN 2015 - 2017

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Laode Muhamad Fathun
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Policy Decision ◽  
The United States ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
Psychological Point ◽  
Negative Effect

Poverty in this country. During the reign of Chavez and Maduro the people felt a little prosperity again, but this is what America hates because America is finding it difficult to implement its neoliberalism policy in Venezuela. After the events that continue to happen, Maduro does not remain silent. Namely by continuing Chavez's socialist policies. Here the researcher uses the theory of foreign policy decision making by Alex Mintz to explain what factors influence Maduro policy and here the researcher uses the concept of national interest to explain what Maduro's interests are in this policy, this research methodology is qualitative explanatory using interviews as data. secondary and librarian as primary data. This research finds 4 main factors in Nicolas Maduro's foreign policy. From the social condition of Venezuela itself which is very crisis-ridden to the point where there is a split between the layers of society, Maduro finally does not listen to the people's complaints to him, then from a psychological point of view, Maduro, who really hates the United States, has a very tough mindset that he is too confident in his beliefs. In order to be able to fight America, in the end his belief was not in accordance with expectations and instead had a negative effect. Therefore, it is clear that emotions play an important role in important political decisions. From an economic point of view, Venezuela is no longer able to support its own country in economic terms. If this country supports itself, there will be greater destruction

On the Road to SME Sector Development in Bangladesh

2019 ◽  
pp. 480-499
Author(s):  
Syed Abidur Rahman ◽  
Noor Hazlina Ahmad ◽  
Seyedeh Khadijeh Taghizadeh
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
The Road ◽  
Multidisciplinary Study ◽  
The Social ◽  
On The Road

Entrepreneurship has been deliberated as multidimensional and multidisciplinary study. From the economic point of view entrepreneurship is the central force for economic development for any nation. Scholars and policy makers now have started to see entrepreneurship as panacea for inclusive growth. Entrepreneurships are most widely popular and discussed area. Study on small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) has been maturing for the last decade as it has been regarded as significant player for the social development along with the economic development. In Bangladesh, SMEs account for a large proportion of the total establishments in various sectors. Considering the importance of the SME sector in Bangladesh, this study intends to explore and sketch-out the landscape of current SME setting in Bangladesh. With this aim the study has extensively carried out literature review, observed and understood the secondary data obtained from various organizations, and finally presented a policy driven recommendation (micro and macro level) which would enable to develop the SME sector in a developing country like Bangladesh.

Labor in Amazonia in the First Half of the Eighteenth Century

1975 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sue A. Gross
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
Amazon Region ◽  
Social Consequences ◽  
Spanish America ◽  
American Colonies ◽  
The North ◽  
The Social ◽  
Labor Recruitment ◽  
Brazilian Northeast

Labor questions put their indelible stamp on colonial life, whether in Brazil, Spanish America, or the North American colonies. Methods of labor recruitment varied among these regions, however, as did the social consequences of enslavement, race mixture, and destruction or modification of native cultures.The poverty of the Amazon region, the old state of Maranhão e Grão Pará, prevented a system of black slavery such as characterized the Brazilian Northeast. Indians, whether slave, or held as free men in mission villages, dominated the labor market. The perennial lay-ecclesiastical fight for jurisdiction over the Indian has been vividly documented by historians such as Boxer, Kiemen, and Leite. This ground need not be retraced. What may be of interest is to examine the variety of sources from which labor was supplied to the plantations, cities, and fortresses of Maranhão e Grão Pará during the first half of the eighteenth century, just before the disruptions brought by Pombal's reforms.

scholarly journals Casa din zori

2018 ◽  
pp. 143-159
Author(s):  
Lorin Niculae ◽  
◽  
Ana-Dora Matei ◽  
Alecsandru Vasiliu ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Integration ◽  
Common Law ◽  
Homeless People ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Urban Spaces ◽  
Essential Dimension ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Right

„House of Dawn” is the name of a project pertaining to the Arhipera trademark. It follows the same line of action of the group, namely the practice of social participatory architecture. The project concentrates on assuming the human capital that is in the limit situation of privation of shelter and tries to integrate it in a program that involves qualification and professional conversion in the construction field; the goal of the program is the „overnight” building of a minimal dwelling. The solutions for this category of persons in state of difficulty, situated at the extremity of the society, entails the configuration of varied typologies of minimal evolutive dwellings; as in the previous projects, the solutions aim at a democratic architecture obtained by using the „bottom‐up” model. In addition, the project proposes an ecological approach of the design, a durable development of the dwellings and puts a strong emphasis on the sustainability. From a topological point of view, the plots for building the dwellings for the homeless people will be connected with the existent urban tissue in order to achieve the social integration of the participants in the program; the choice of the plots focuses on unconventional spaces with regard to social habitation. A possibility that has been carefully considered from scratch is the reprocessing of unused urban spaces, including the recycling of the initial architectural function. Through the manifest of this program we propose the conversion of certain unfinished spaces of the totalitarian architecture of The People’s House/The Palace of Parliament into spaces for social dwellings destined for unsheltered people. In this particular case, the architectural recycling transforms the Totalitarianism into democracy and restores The People’s House to the people itself. The project is based on the norms of common law regarding the right to occupy the space meant for habitation. A family that is able to erect a house overnight on a plot on which it has no rights to is dignified to inhabit the respective space and proves to be useful from a social and economic point of view to the community that accepts it. The idea of the project is also sustained by a program of social integration of the beneficiaries and their inclusion in the labor market. The implementation of this type of social architecture is defined by efficiency, adaptability and flexibility and it’s centered both on the consolidation of the communitarian potential and on dwelling as an essential dimension of the humans. At the border of day and night, at the intersection of two spaces placed at the extremes, the Arhipera projects speak about opening the limit and abolishing it.

scholarly journals An Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Labor Market Integration Policies in EU Member States Using PROMETHEE

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-84
Author(s):  
Anastasia Blouchoutzi ◽  
Panagiota Digkolou ◽  
Jason Papathanasiou ◽  
Christos Nikas
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Market Integration ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Member States ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Labor Market Integration ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Integration Policies ◽  
Integration Of Immigrants

From an economic point of view, the rational response towards migration is the labor market integration of immigrants. Within the above framework, several actions have been developed by the European Union member states over the last few years, in an effort to integrate migrants to local communities. This paper evaluates the performance of the European Member States as regards to their labor market integration policies using the Zaragoza indicators for employment. Combining those indicators, the data will be processed with the well-known multi-criteria analysis method PROMETHEE. The model will be constituted by the selected years from 2008 to 2017 as 10 successive scenarios, the 28 EU countries as alternatives, and eight criteria. The paper will end up with ten final rankings of the countries, which will be analyzed in detail.

scholarly journals Between Progress and Backwardness. A Look at the Housing Policy of the Period of the People’s Republic of Poland from the Social and Economic Perspective After 1989

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-82
Author(s):  
Jakub Kujawa
Keyword(s):  
Housing Policy ◽  
Public Discourse ◽  
Free Market ◽  
Third Republic ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Economic Changes ◽  
The Social ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Housing Issue

AbstractThe article deals with the issue of the place, role and significance of the achievements of the housing policy of the Polish People’s Republic (PRL) and in the economy before and after 1989, observed from the contemporary social and economic point of view. In the period of systemic transformation, expert and opinion-makers were, in majority, critical of the achievements of the housing policy of the prior period. This led to the creation and subsequent consolidation in public discourse of the negative image of the housing construction of the PRL period. 30 years after the collapse of communism, during which time the free market economy developed and Poland became a member of EU, this topic requires a more objective look and a more focused approach to the range of socio-demographic and economic changes that took place during that period. The current perception of the problem is also influenced by the lack of solutions to the housing issue by successive governments of the Third Republic of Poland.

Correlation of changes in the modern labor market and the development of the social sphere in the context of the new technological realit

2021 ◽  
pp. 16-18
Author(s):  
Mariya Viktorovna Kudryavtseva
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
Social Policy ◽  
Labor Relations ◽  
Educational Services ◽  
Social Sphere ◽  
The Social ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
Current Stage

The article presents the fundamental trends typical for the current stage of socio-economic development. The role of the integration of innovative technologies and digitalization of the economy is emphasized, and some tasks and problems associated with these processes are outlined. It is noted that in the conditions of the new technological order, social and labor relations and the position of the Russian labor market are changing. The changes under consideration determine the transformation of the nature of work and the requirements for modern specialists. The article highlights some of the contradictions that exist today between the educational services market and the labor market. The correlation of changes in the modern labor market and the prospects for the development of the social sphere in the new conditions is shown. The role of social policy in these processes is emphasized, and some issues characteristic of the current stage of the development of Russian social policy are noted.

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