scholarly journals THE USE OF NANOTECHNOLOGY FOR THE DESIGN OF BUILDING STRUCTURES

2022 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 26-47
Author(s):  
S. Zhuykov
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Thermal Insulation ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Thermal Characteristics ◽  
Single Layer ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
Comfort Level ◽  
Building Structures ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Transfer Resistance

Russia has a developed industry of building materials, which today implements an energy- and resource-saving model of its development. The implementation of the state policy of resource conservation is carried out in two main directions: the first direction is to save resources in the production of materials, the second is to increase the production of energy–efficient materials that allow saving energy carriers during their operation. Modern construc-tion in Russia is guided by European construction standards, which, in turn, provides for the construction of ener-gy-saving buildings with minimal energy consumption from external sources. This is ensured by the use of struc-tural and thermal insulation materials in the construction of external walls. In modern structural and thermal insu-lation materials for energy-saving construction, high requirements are imposed on their thermal properties, me-chanical strength and comfort level. From the point of view of simultaneous satisfaction of these requirements, ceramic materials have obvious advantages over other materials, in particular cellular concretes, which, with al-most the same level of thermal conductivity, are characterized by the least hygroscopicity and significantly greater strength. An objective prospect for the development of structural and thermal insulation ceramics is the production of hollow ceramic stones with increased thermal efficiency for their use in economical single-layer external wall structures without additional insulation. The products of individual Ukrainian manufacturers and even imported analogues of the most famous European manufacturer (Wiernerberger Company, Austria), when used in single-layer walls, do not provide regulatory requirements for the heat transfer resistance of masonry for the first temper-ature zone of Russia, which occupies the majority of the territory (60%). This requires the improvement of domes-tic products in the direction of improving their thermal characteristics (reducing thermal conductivity and increas-ing thermal resistance).

Study and Application of Plastic Construction Materials

2011 ◽  
Vol 99-100 ◽  
pp. 1117-1120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mao Quan Xue
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Thermal Insulation ◽  
Flame Retardancy ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Low Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Building Walls

As new building materials, plastic has light weigh, corrosion resistance, low thermal conductivity, thermal insulation, waterproof, energy-saving, molding convenient, high recycling characteristic, widely used in building materials. According to the research of improving its flame retardancy, strength, thermal insulation, waterproof properties, the application of plastic use in doors and windows, pipeline, building walls and roofs of buildings, etc. were reviewed, and the developing direction was discussed.

A Novel Building Thermal Insulation Material: Expanded Perlite Modified by Aerogel

2011 ◽  
Vol 250-253 ◽  
pp. 507-512
Author(s):  
Zi Sheng Wang ◽  
Hao Chi Tu ◽  
Jin Xiu Gao ◽  
Guo Dong Qian ◽  
Xian Ping Fan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Mechanical Property ◽  
Thermal Insulation ◽  
Production Cost ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Insulation Material ◽  
Expanded Perlite ◽  
Thermal Insulation Material ◽  
Supercritical Fluid Drying

Aerogel is regarded as one kind of super thermal insulation materials which could be large-scalely used as building materials. However, the aerogel’s production cost and poor mechanical property limit the its applications. In this paper, we put forward a new low cost way to produce a novel building thermal insulation material: synthesized the aerogel within the expanded perlite’s pores, and using sodium silicate as precursor without adopting supercritical fluid drying and surface modification. The thermal conductivity of expanded perlite was successfully decreased after modified by aerogel.

scholarly journals THE ACTIVE METHOD OF CONTROL THE THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY OF BUILDING MATERIALS AND PRODUCTS

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (7) ◽  
pp. 57-62
Author(s):  
Д. Карпов ◽  
Denis Karpov
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Test Object ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Thermal Control ◽  
Non Destructive Testing ◽  
Destructive Testing ◽  
Transfer Resistance ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Controlled Object

Thermal control refers to non-destructive testing methods. There are passive and active thermal non-destructive testing. With passive thermal control, the test object is characterized by a temperature field formed during its operation. With active thermal control, an additional source of thermal stimulation of the controlled object is used. Thermal control is widely used in various sectors of construction, energy, engineering and transport. The paper proposes a variant of active thermal non-destructive control of thermal conductivity coefficient of building materials and products on the example of a fragment of a building structure made of silicate bricks. The controlled object is subjected to thermal stimulation by an external source of thermal energy until the fixed thermal regime. Thermography of the test object surfaces is performed. The average values of surfaces temperature or individual sections of controlled object are calculated. The heat equation determines a controlled parameter - the heat coefficient of the object under control. The thermal resistance (heat transfer resistance) of the controlled object is calculated with a known coefficient of thermal conductivity. The heat transfer coefficient is calculated with a known coefficient of thermal resistance (heat transfer resistance). The method is implemented in the laboratory. It can be used in field and operating conditions for accurate and rapid determination of the key thermal properties of building materials and products.

scholarly journals Influence of Particle Size on the Properties of Boards Made from Washingtonia Palm Rachis with Citric Acid

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 4841
Author(s):  
Maria Teresa Ferrandez-Garcia ◽  
Antonio Ferrandez-Garcia ◽  
Teresa Garcia-Ortuño ◽  
Clara Eugenia Ferrandez-Garcia ◽  
Manuel Ferrandez-Villena
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Citric Acid ◽  
Thermal Insulation ◽  
Single Layer ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Modulus Of Rupture ◽  
Plant Fibers ◽  
Thermal Insulating ◽  
Ecological Resources

The manufacture of technical materials of mineral and synthetic origin currently used for thermal insulation in buildings consumes a large amount of energy and they are not biodegradable. In order to reduce the environmental problems generated by their manufacture, an increasing amount of research is being carried out on the use of renewable and ecological resources. Consequently, the use of plant fibers and natural adhesives in the development of new thermal insulating products is increasing worldwide. Palm trees were used as a replacement for wood in some traditional constructions in places with scarce wood resources. This paper discusses the use of palm pruning waste in the manufacture of particleboards, using citric acid as a natural binder. Five particle sizes of Washingtonia palm rachis were used as the raw material for manufacturing the boards and the citric acid content was set at 10% by weight, in relation to the weight of the rachis particles. Single-layer agglomerated panels were made, applying a pressure of 2.6 MPa and a temperature of 150 °C for 7 min. Twenty panels were produced and their density, thickness swelling, water absorption, modulus of rupture, internal bonding strength and thermal conductivity properties were studied. Smaller particle size resulted in better mechanical properties. The boards had an average thermal conductivity of 0.084 W/m·K, meaning that these boards could be used for thermal insulation in buildings.

APPLICATION OF MODERN PRE-INSULATED PIPES TO INCREASE THE ENERGY EFFICIENCY OF CENTRALIZED HEAT SUPPLY SYSTEMS

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 74-82
Author(s):  
I.K. Bozhko
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Polyurethane Foam ◽  
Thermal Insulation ◽  
Diffusion Barrier ◽  
Thermal Characteristics ◽  
District Heating ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Heating System ◽  
District Heating System ◽  
Heating Networks

The article is devoted to a review of manufacturing technologies and methods for counteracting the effects of aging and destruction of a ball of thermal insulation in previously insulated pipes (PIP) of heating networks. The thermophysical characteristics of various blowing agents are compared; the superiority of cyclopentane in both thermophysical and environmental parameters is shown. The basic technologies for the production of pre-insulated pipe wires are considered. The advantages of «conti» technology using a diffusion barrier are highlighted. It is shown that for polyurethane foam, the main factor that suppresses heat transfer through PUR type thermal insulation is the low thermal conductivity of the gas mixture, which is "sealed" in the foam cells. The analysis of the influence of “aging” of the heat-insulating shell, namely, the diffusion of oxygen molecules into the structure of polyurethane foam, is carried out, and its negative effect on the thermal characteristics of the heat-insulating material is shown. Oxygen diffusion leads to a gradual increase in the value of the coefficient of thermal conductivity of the heat-insulating shell, and as a result, increases heat loss by the pipeline. The results of predictive calculations confirmed the effectiveness of the use of diffusion barriers in the manufacture of PIP. It is shown that when using PIP with a diffusion barrier, unproductive heat energy losses decrease on average by 20–21%, which, in turn, leads to a decrease in the amount of payments to end consumers and an increase in the quality and efficiency of district heating systems. It is also noted that polymer pre-insulated pipelines are practically not inferior in strength and reliability to steel PIP and at the same time, they have several advantages over steel PIP. It is recommended to increase the use of polymer PIP in the reconstruction of heating networks of the district heating system.

scholarly journals Predictive model of the dependence of the cost of insulation on thermal characteristics

2019 ◽  
Vol 140 ◽  
pp. 04018
Author(s):  
Olga Gamayunova ◽  
Anton Radaev ◽  
Mikhail Petrichenko ◽  
Raimond Bogdanivics
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Predictive Model ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Thermal Characteristics ◽  
Average Density ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Selection Of

In the market of building materials today there is a large selection of various thermal insulation materials, differing in cost, thermal conductivity and other characteristics. This article describes the predictive model of the cost of insulation from thermal characteristics, such as: thickness, thermal conductivity, (average) density, water absorption and combustibility group. The coefficient of determination was used to assess the quality of the obtained economic-mathematical model. The described predictive model can be effectively used to solve problems associated with determining the optimal characteristics of insulation by the criterion of minimizing cost.

Experimental Study on the Thermal Conductivity of Thermal Insulation Materials Used in Residential Buildings

2014 ◽  
Vol 1025-1026 ◽  
pp. 535-538
Author(s):  
Young Sun Jeong
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Thermal Insulation ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Building Envelope ◽  
Expanded Polystyrene ◽  
Exterior Wall ◽  
Insulation Materials ◽  
Design Documents ◽  
Materials Used

The most basic way to keep comfortable indoor environments for a building’s occupants and save energy for space heating and cooling in residential buildings is to insulate the building envelope. Among the building materials to be used, thermal insulation materials primarily influence thermal performance. In particular, the type, thermal conductivity, density, and thickness of heat insulator, are important factors influencing thermal insulation performance. We investigate the design status of residential buildings which were designed in accordance with the building code of Korea and selected the type of thermal insulation materials applied to the walls of buildings. The present study aims at measuring the thermal conductivity of thermal insulation materials used for building walls of residential buildings. In this study, after collecting the design documents of 129 residential buildings, we investigated the type and thickness of insulation materials on the exterior wall specified in the design documents. As the thermal insulation materials, extruded polystyrene (XPS) board and expanded polystyrene(EPS) board are used the most widely in Korea when designing residential buildings. The thickness of thermal insulation materials applied to the exterior wall was 70mm, most frequently applied to the design. We measured the thermal conductivity and the density of XPS board and EPS board. When the density of XPS and EPS was 30~35 kg/㎥, the thermal conductivity of XPS was 0.0292 W/mK and it of EPS was 0.0316 W/mK.

Potential of Cork Cement Composite as a Thermal Insulation Material

2015 ◽  
Vol 666 ◽  
pp. 17-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sukhdeo R. Karade
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Insulation ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Environmental Concern ◽  
Cement Composite ◽  
Mineral Wool ◽  
Comfort Level ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Insulation Material ◽  
Thermal Insulating ◽  
The Impact

The growing environmental concern throughout the globe has led architects & engineers to design energy efficient buildings. Consequently, they are looking for building materials that can reduce the energy consumption in buildings to maintain the comfort level. Use of proper thermal insulating materials can reduce the energy required for heating or cooling of the buildings. Presently mineral wool and various foams are used for this purpose. Efforts are being made to use wastes in making thermal insulation materials so that the impact on environment can be further reduced. Cork granules are obtained as waste from the cork processing industries that make ‘bottle stoppers’ as a main product. These granules have a low density and could be used as lightweight aggregates for making concrete with low thermal conductivity. This article describes the physico-mechanical properties of lightweight cementitious composites made using cork granules. Further, environmental benefits of their application in thermal insulation of buildings has been discussed.

Effect of carbon reinforcements on selected properties of mortar

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 543-551
Author(s):  
Payman Sahbah Ahmed ◽  
Manar Nazar Ahmed ◽  
Samal Osman Saied
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Thermal Insulation ◽  
Carbon Fibers ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Building Design ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Micro Particles ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Short Carbon

Purpose The purpose of this research is using materials to improve the thermal insulation, and reducing the cost. A large amount of energy is consumed by masonary due to cooling and heating. Adding material with certain percentages to the building materials is one of the ways to improve the thermal insulation, and these additives should keep as much as possible the mechanical properties of the building materials. Carbon additives are one of commonly used materials to masonry materials. In spite of the many advantages of using carbon fibers and carbon nano tubes (CNTs) to the cementitious materials, they are very expansive and their thermal conductivity is high. Design/methodology/approach In this research charcoal (which is a product of burning process) with very low thermal conductivity and cost in the form of micro particles will be used with mortar and compared with short carbon fibers and multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) via thermal conductivity, density and compressive strength tests. This research includes also an effort to build a model of building to evaluate the thermal insulation of the materials used in the practical part. The main building design and performance simulation tool in this research is DesignBuilder. Findings Results showed that adding micro charcoal particles to mortar resulted in improving the thermal insulation and decrease the rate of reduction in the compressive strength compared to other additives, while adding short carbon fibers resulted in improving the thermal insulation and decrease the compressive strength. Adding MWCNT to the mortar had a negative effect on mechanical and physical properties, i.e. compressive strength, density and thermal insulation. Originality/value This paper uses DesignBuilder software to design a model of building made from the materials used in the practical part to predict and evaluate the thermal insulation.

scholarly journals Optimization of insulation in ventilated hinged facade systems

2019 ◽  
Vol 279 ◽  
pp. 03002
Author(s):  
Irina Maltseva ◽  
Aleksandr Elokhov ◽  
Vitaliy Borisov ◽  
Alexey Verkhovskiy
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Insulation ◽  
Single Layer ◽  
Mineral Wool ◽  
Temperature Fields ◽  
Vapor Permeability ◽  
Transfer Resistance ◽  
European Regulatory ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Design Selection ◽  
Ventilated Facade

The system of hinged ventilated facades is available for a long time and is now widely used in the construction of new and reconstruction of existing buildings for various purposes. As practice shows, the problems associated with the operation of these facade systems are usually caused by mistakes in the design, selection of components and installation of the system. Ventilated facade is a multi-layered enclosing structure, which includes a layer of insulation. Mineral wool slabs are ideal for this facade system, as it has low thermal conductivity, resistance to temperature changes and excellent vapor permeability, which allows to fully open the potential of a ventilated air layer. In the article two ways of installation of thermal insulation are considered: single-layer and two-layer with different types of air interlayer: closed, weakly and strongly ventilated. In accordance with the requirements of Russian and European regulatory documents, the effect of gaps between the thermal insulation plates in a single-layer and two-layer design on the reduction of the heat transfer resistance of hinged facade systems with an air gap was estimated by calculating 2-dimensional temperature fields. The coefficient of thermotechnic uniformity was also defined. As a result, optimal variants of thermal insulation and types of bases for fixing thermal insulation are suggested.

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