scholarly journals The model of prediction of changes in the functional state of athletes engaged in hand-to-hand combat under the influence of the training load

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 54
Author(s):  
M.L. Kochina ◽  
A.A. Chernozub ◽  
R.G. Adamovich ◽  
O.V. Kochin ◽  
A.G. Firsov
Keyword(s):  
Functional State ◽  
Forecast Model ◽  
Training Load ◽  
Moving Object ◽  
Motor Reaction ◽  
Male Athletes ◽  
Response Index ◽  
Full Contact ◽  
Visual Motor ◽  
Different Levels

<p><strong>The purpose</strong> of the work is to develop a model for predicting changes in the functional state of athletes engaged in hand-to-hand combat, under the influence of a training load using psychophysiological indicators.</p><p><strong>Material and methods</strong>. The study involved 24 male athletes who are professionally engaged in hand-to-hand combat with full contact with the opponent (full contact), and 20 athletes. The average age of the athletes was 19-26 years. Research methods: analysis of scientific and methodological sources, psychophysiological, mathematical statistics, fuzzy logic.</p><p><strong>Results.</strong> The conducted studies proved the presence of significant differences in the values of psychophysiological indicators and the reaction to the training load of athletes with different levels of fitness, which made it possible to use these indicators to build a model for predicting the dynamics of a functional state. Changes in the functional state, determined by psychophysiological indicators, confirmed by corresponding changes in indicators of heart rate variability. The developed forecast model allows using two psychophysiological indicators (the time of a complex visual-motor reaction and the response index to a moving object), received to the load, to predict a change in the functional state of athletes engaged in hand-to-hand combat, with an overall accuracy of 95.5%. The forecast of changes in the functional state provides the trainer with the opportunity to timely adjust the volume of training loads and training regimen.</p><p><strong>Conclusions.</strong> Significant differences between groups of trained athletes and beginners in terms of the state of nervous processes (the time of a complex visual-motor reaction and the response index to a moving object) to the load were revealed, which allowed developing a model for predicting the functional reaction to the load in athletes with different levels of sportsmanship. Using the obtained model allows predicting changes in the functional state of athletes that will take place under the influence of the test load, according to psychophysiological indicators without using the load with an overall accuracy of 95.5%.</p>

scholarly journals Features of Functioning of the Central Nervous System of the Residents of Moscow and Moscow Region

2021 ◽  
pp. 101-107
Author(s):  
Fedorova Elena ◽  
Kazakov Alexander ◽  
Belyaev Dmitry ◽  
Lapina Polina
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Functional State ◽  
Optimal Level ◽  
Moving Object ◽  
Moscow Region ◽  
Average Level ◽  
Motor Reaction ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Visual Motor

The study focuses on the lability and adaptability of the central nervous system of residents of Moscow and Moscow region aged 65 and older. All examinees regularly practised various types of physical activity, such as Nordic walking, cycling, Qigong gymnastics, etc. The functional state of the central nervous system of the examinees was studied using the Psychophysiologist hardware-software system by determining simple visual-motor reaction (SVMR), complex visual-motor reaction (CVMR), reaction to a moving object (RMO). Based on the analysis of speed and stability of sensorimotor reactions in response to light stimuli and moving object we made an express-evaluation of the level of functional state of the central nervous system, sensorimotor reactions, quality of activity, balance of inhibition and excitation processes. As a result of the study, the optimal level of CNS functioning was registered in most of the examinees. Activation of the central nervous system in the majority of the examinees is at an average level, the average level of operative efficiency is noted. The results of the study indicate a shift in the balance of nervous processes in the examinees towards inhibition.

Accuracy of temporal characteristics of visual-motor reaction to moving object of athletes with different adaptation specifics to muscle activity and functional state of cardiorespiratory system

2021 ◽  
pp. 59-67
Author(s):  
Elena V. SHURALEVA ◽  
Anastasia V. SOKOLOVA ◽  
Oksana B. NIZOVIBATKO ◽  
Liudmila G. VARFOLOMEEVA
Keyword(s):  
Functional State ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Muscle Activity ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Moving Object ◽  
Special Importance ◽  
Motor Reaction ◽  
Sports Activity ◽  
Individual Measurement ◽  
Visual Motor

Recently, the interest of domestic and foreign researchers in studying the dynamics of the functional state of the sensorimotor systems of the human body in various spheres of its activity has significantly increased due to the practical demands of solving a number of tasks related to the management of the functional state, training, attention and other human functions that arise in pedagogy, psychology and medicine, in production and in sports, as well as in connection with the development of robotics and other branches of science. In these studies, special importance is attached to the study of the dynamics of the visual-motor reaction to a moving object in a person in the process of adaptation to muscle activity. As far as known, a person in the field of work, training and sports, when solving various visual-motor tasks, has to control the movements of not only his body, but also mobile objects. The essence of these tasks consists in determining the location of a moving object, bringing it to the desired point in space with a set accuracy and at a certain point in time. The process of implementing these tasks is a complex spatio-temporal reaction to a moving human object, the nodal mechanism of which is a conditioned reflex. To solve this problem, a number of experimental studies were conducted in order to study the functional state of a person in ontogenesis and in the process of adaptation to muscle activity. The greatest attention in this work is paid to the method of reflexometry used in the physiology of labor and sports – the study of the accuracy of the time characteristics of the reaction of the visual-motor system in human activity. In the human body, the manifestation of physiological patterns and mechanisms is determined by the purpose of labor or sports activity. In the course of the study, the effect on the functional state of the subjects was applied and blood pressure and heart rate were taken into account by individual measurement before the experiment and after each dosed physical activity. The differences in the magnitude of the reaction deviation to a moving object were carried out by comparing the results using the method of mathematical statistics.

FUNCTIONAL STATE OF CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM IN STUDENTS WITH VARIOUS ONLINE BEHAVIORAL PATTERNS

2021 ◽  
pp. 114-122
Author(s):  
S.P. Keberle ◽  
A.A. Selina ◽  
O.V. Chudinova ◽  
L.S. Evert
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Functional State ◽  
Internet Addiction ◽  
Behavior Patterns ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Motor Reaction ◽  
Online Behavior ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Visual Motor

The life of any modern society without the Internet is impossible. Every year the number of Internet users is increasing, as men and women of all ages and nationalities surf the net. However, along with the advantages, there are also negative moments of worldwide Internet growth, e.g. Internet addiction. Many adolescents are becoming netaholics, and it is evident that the Internet undermines their health. The aim of the study is to determine the functional state of the central nervous system (CNS) in students with various online behavior patterns according to a simple visual-motor reaction. Materials and Methods. The authors examined 202 students, aged 12–17, living in the city of Abakan (Republic of Khakassia). We used Chen Internet Addiction Scale (CIAS) adapted by V.L. Malygin and K.A. Feklisov to determine the online behavior pattern. A simple visual-motor reaction test was used to assess the functional state of the central nervous system. The test was performed on the Psychophysiological testing device-1/30 “Psychophysiologist”, a hardware-software complex. Nonparametric statistics was used for data processing: Pearson’s chi-square test was applied for qualitative indicators and the Mann–Whitney U-test – for quantitative ones. Results. The data obtained showed that a good functional state of the central nervous system prevails in students with various online behavior patterns. At the same time, teenagers-netaholics demonstrated lower indicators in the sensorimotor test in comparison with students with adaptive and non-adaptive Internet experience. Netaholics showed a decrease in concentration, attention span (accuracy and stability) and retardation (speed of response). Conclusion. Our findings indicate that despite a good functional state of the central nervous system predominance of CNS inhibition processes, fatigue, a decrease in mental performance and cognitive activity are peculiar to students-netaholics. Keywords: functional state of the central nervous system, Internet addiction, visual-motor reactions, students. Современное общество уже невозможно представить без Интернета. С каждым годом количество его пользователей увеличивается, в деятельность в сети Интернет вовлекаются все возрастные слои населения. Но наряду с достоинствами имеет место и негативное последствие распространения Интернета по миру – развитие сверхувлеченности сетью Интернет (интернет-зависимости), которая наиболее часто возникает в подростковом возрасте, отрицательно сказываясь на здоровье подростков. Цель. Определить особенности функционального состояния центральной нервной системы (ЦНС) у школьников с различными видами онлайн-поведения по параметрам простой зрительно-моторной реакции. Материалы и методы. Обследовано 202 школьника в возрасте 12–17 лет, проживающих в г. Абакан (Республика Хакасия). Для определения вида онлайн-поведения применяли адаптированную В.Л. Малыгиным и К.А. Феклисовым шкалу интернет-зависимости Чена (тест CIAS). Для оценки функционального состояния ЦНС использовали тест простой зрительно-моторной реакции с помощью аппаратно-программного комплекса УПФТ-1/30 «Психофизиолог». Статистическую обработку данных проводили с применением методов непараметрической статистики: критерия χ2 Пирсона для качественных показателей и U-критерия Манна–Уитни для количественных. Результаты. Полученные данные показали, что у школьников с различными видами онлайн-поведения преобладает удовлетворительное функциональное состояние ЦНС. При этом среди школьников с патологическим пользованием Интернетом (интернет-зависимостью) имеется тенденция к ухудшению значений по отдельным показателям сенсомоторного теста по сравнению со школьниками с адаптивным и неадаптивным пользованием Интернетом, что проявляется снижением концентрации и устойчивости внимания (по уровню безошибочности и стабильности), замедлением реакций (по уровню быстродействия). Выводы. Результаты исследования указывают на преобладание процессов торможения в ЦНС, состояние утомления, снижение психической работоспособности и когнитивной деятельности у школьников с интернет-зависимостью, несмотря на удовлетворительное значение функционального состояния ЦНС. Ключевые слова: функциональное состояние центральной нервной системы, интернет-зависимость, зрительно-моторные реакции, школьники.

scholarly journals OR-027 Research about Training Monitoring during Different training periods in Chinese Elite Swimmers

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Junqiang Qiu ◽  
Mingxing Li ◽  
Longyan Yi ◽  
Zhaoran Hou ◽  
Fan Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Function ◽  
Blood Lactate ◽  
Vital Capacity ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Training Load ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Male Athletes ◽  
Elite Swimmers ◽  
Load Monitoring ◽  
Preparation Period

Objective Training monitoring has become an integral component of total athlete training. Systematically monitoring the physiological and biochemical variables related to performance helps coaches and athletes to measure the effectiveness of their training programs and decide how to revise or update those programs, especially in swimming training. The key purpose of this study is to evaluate the physical function characteristics during preparation season and stress response during competition training sessions in 2017, and provides the helpful data for scientific training for the implementation of the preparation process. Methods During the preparation period, the National Swimming Team athletes were planed to screen and test the physical function characteristics. There are 39 male athletes and 37 female athletes to participate in the study. Body composition was assessed with dual energy X-ray (DXA). Anthropometric characteristics were assessed using Anthroscan 3D VITUS body scanner, and pulmonary function test using CHEST portable lung function meter(HI-101). During the competition period, the training load monitoring targets were 2 elite players who participated in XVII World Aquatics Championship in Budapest-2017 and the National Games 2017. The monitoring methods mainly included: blood tests (including Hb, CK, BU, testosterone, cortisol and ferritin etc.) were used to monitor the athlete's fitness functional status, and the Z-score method was used to express the index changes of two athletes; blood lactate was used to monitor the training load of athletes, and urine indexes were used to monitor body fluid balance and fatigue. Results 1. During the preparation period, the weight of male athletes is 78.4±8.2kg, the percentage of body fat is 15.9±2.8%, the weight of female athletes is 64.8±6.6kg, and the percentage of body fat is 24.2±3.5%. The vital capacity(VC) was 6.65±0.87 L for males and 4.86±0.69 L for females, the value of forced vital capacity(FVC) was 4.29±1.33 L for males and 3.43±0.96 L for females, and the mean value of ventilation per minute was 148.1±23.12 L for males and 110.4 ± 19.67 L for females. 2. During the competition preparation period, Z score was used to express the blood indicators of two athletes, before the XVII World Aquatics Championship in Budapest-2017, the Z score of Hb, T, T/C ratio and ferritin were (-0.5, 0, -0.4, 1.1) and (-0.8, -0.1, -1.0, 0), respectively. Before the competition of the National Games, the Z scores were (1.0, 0.3, 0.7, 0.6) and (1.4, 1.0, 0.1, -0.6) respectively. 3. Training load monitoring was carried out using the blood lactate control test, as the training load increased, the athletes' performance improved and the lactate level increased slightly. 4. The urine indicator test is used to observe the athlete's dehydration and recovery. On the second morning after the intensive training day, both athletes were negative for urine protein and with normal urine specific gravity. Conclusions 1. The screen and tests about the physical function characteristics of swimming athletes during preparation period is useful to develop a personalized training plan; 2. Z-score is easy and feasible for the elite swimmers to monitoring physical fitness capabilities, and higher Z-score is related with better athletic performance; 3. Blood lactate control test can be used for the training intensity monitoring of swimmers, athletes show higher levels of lactic acid metabolism and higher athletic performance before the competition.

scholarly journals Chrono Physiological characteristics of children of primary school age - the natives of the Middle Ob

2019 ◽  
Vol 95 (7) ◽  
pp. 648-651 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. G. Litovchenko ◽  
Marianna S. Ishbulatova
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Primary School ◽  
Latent Period ◽  
Functional State ◽  
School Age ◽  
Mental Performance ◽  
Motor Responses ◽  
Visual Motor ◽  
Primary School Age

Chronoreflexometric characteristics of the mental performance of children of primary school age - the natives of the Middle Ob were based on the statistical analysis of the latent period of time of a simple visual - motor responses. The results of a survey showed that the functional state of the nervous system of surveyed children ofprimary school age was at “reduced” and “greatly reduced” level of mental performance. This state is characterized by a weakening of attention, a sharp deterioration in time and accuracy parameters of activity and a significant decrease of efficiency on the whole.

scholarly journals Hygienic evaluation of studies of preschoolers

2019 ◽  
Vol 95 (4) ◽  
pp. 387-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. R. Kuchma ◽  
M. I. Stepanova ◽  
Z. I. Sazanyuk ◽  
Irina. E. Aleksandrova ◽  
M. A. Polenova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Foster Children ◽  
Emotional State ◽  
Educational Games ◽  
Motor Reaction ◽  
Mental Performance ◽  
Systematic Training ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Visual Motor

In the article there are presented the results of physiological and hygienic evaluation of studies in kindergarten with the use of educational games on an electronic PC tablet. The study involved 44 foster-children. In one of the groups children in the classroom used the interactive game software on electronic PC tablets «Samsung», the same time while working with the PC tablet did not exceed 10 minutes, in the other - the classes were held traditionally. There were investigated the state of health, psychosomatic and psycho-emotional state of children, determined their functional readiness for systematic training in school, mental performance, the functional state of the central nervous system (CNS) by simple visual-motor reaction (SVMR) and reactions to a moving object (RDO). Developing of game sessions with the use of electronic PC tablets for 10 minutes were established to contribute to the activation of the central nervous system and increase in children resistance to the development of fatigue.

Evaluation of visual-motor reaction time and quality of response in rugby sevens players after the application of a neurocognitive training programme

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 1038-1051
Author(s):  
F. Moya-Vergara ◽  
D. Curotto-Berruezo ◽  
P. Valladares-Arellano ◽  
E. Arriaza-Ardiles ◽  
T. Valverde-Esteve ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Training Programme ◽  
Motor Reaction ◽  
Motor Reaction Time ◽  
Visual Motor

Birth sex ratio in the offspring of professional male soccer players: influence of exercise training load

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (11) ◽  
pp. 2613-2618
Author(s):  
D Vaamonde ◽  
A C Hackney ◽  
J M Garcia Manso ◽  
E Arriaza Ardiles ◽  
M Vaquero
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
The Body ◽  
Training Load ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Male Athletes ◽  
Offspring Sex Ratio ◽  
Offspring Sex

Abstract STUDY QUESTION Can the exercise training load of elite male athletes influence the sex ratio of their offspring? SUMMARY ANSWER This is the first study assessing the influence of exercise training load on the offspring sex ratio of children from male professional athletes, observing a bias toward more females being born as a result of both high-intensity and high-volume loads, with intensity having the greatest effect. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY There is a relatively constant population sex ratio of males to females among various species; however, certain events and circumstances may alter this population sex ratio favoring one sex over the other. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION Observational, descriptive cross-sectional study with a duration of 3 months. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS Seventy-five male professional soccer players from First Division soccer teams. Offspring variables were sex of the offspring, number of children and order of birth. Exercise training variables were volume and intensity. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE Total offspring was 122 children (52 males (42.6%), 70 females (57.4%)). Analysis revealed that increase in either the volume (P &lt; 0.001) or intensity (P &lt; 0.001) of training by the players shifted the birth offspring ratio more toward females. Within the sample of females born, more births (i.e. number) were observed as a consequence of training at the highest intensity (45 out of 70; P &lt; 0.001), no such pattern occurred within males (P &gt; 0.05). When female versus male births were compared within each intensity, only the high-intensity comparison was significant (45 (75%) females vs 15 (25%) males, P &lt; 0.001). LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION While this is the first study assessing differences in the sex ratio of the offspring of male athletes (i.e. soccer players), we acknowledge there are limitations and confounders within our approach; e.g. small sample size, ethnic background and variations in the timing of intercourse relative to ovulation as well as in sex hormone levels. As such, we propose that future research is needed to confirm or refute our findings. It is recommended that such work expand on the measurements obtained and conduct direct assessment of sperm characteristics. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS The findings of the study support the fact that different stressors on the body may alter the sex of the offspring. While in the present study the stressor is the excessive training load of soccer players, other events may lead to similar results. The bias in offspring sex ratio may have important implications for demography and population dynamics, as well as genetic trait inheritance. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) There is no funding nor competing interests. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER N/A

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