scholarly journals Cooperatives' role on the income and technological information of farmers in the Western region of the state of Paraná – Brazil / Papel das cooperativas na renda e informação tecnológica dos agricultores da região Oeste do estado do Paraná – Brasil

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 2230-2246
Author(s):  
Deisi Navroski ◽  
Rubens Perez Calegari
Keyword(s):  
Technical Assistance ◽  
Information Services ◽  
Western Region ◽  
Agricultural Activities ◽  
Descriptive Research ◽  
Annual Crops ◽  
Technological Information ◽  
The Western Region ◽  
Poultry Farming

Western Paraná is an important agricultural and livestock region, where the cooperatives are an important differential aspect. Therefore, this study sought to identify the role of cooperatives on the income and technological information of farmers in Western Paraná. An exploratory/descriptive research using questionnaires answered by cooperative members was carried out and it was identified that most of the farms (58.2%) have between 10 and 50 ha and, 96.0% of the farmers carry out the annual crops cultivation as the main source of income. In addition to this, activities such as poultry farming (28.0%) and dairy cattle (19.0%) are also frequently developed. Most members (31.6%) consider that 100% of their income is linked to a cooperative and 95.0% of the members answered that the cooperative offers free courses and/or lectures to help them in their agricultural activities. Thus, the active cooperatives in the western region of Paraná guarantee profitability for small and medium-sized farmers, in addition to providing educational and information services by offering courses, lectures and professionals for technical assistance, thus improving the way the cooperative members develop their agricultural activities. 

Urban–rural income disparity and inbound tourism: Spatial evidence from China

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (7) ◽  
pp. 1231-1247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenming Shi ◽  
Meifeng Luo ◽  
Mengjie Jin ◽  
Seu Keow Cheng ◽  
Kevin X. Li
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Econometrics ◽  
National Level ◽  
Spillover Effects ◽  
Western Region ◽  
Income Disparity ◽  
Rural Income ◽  
Inbound Tourism ◽  
Urban Rural ◽  
The Western Region

The challenging concern regarding how the benefits of inbound tourism can be evenly distributed, especially among urban and rural individuals, has received considerable attention in China. To address this concern, a spatial econometrics approach is used to estimate the spillover effects of inbound tourism on urban–rural income disparity (URID). An empirical analysis using the spatial Durbin model was conducted for 31 Chinese provinces covering the period from 2003 to 2017. Our findings suggest that at the national level, local inbound tourism significantly reduces the local URID, while neighboring inbound tourism significantly increases the local URID. At the regional level, the role of inbound tourism in reducing the local URID is only detected in the western region. The spillover effects of inbound tourism are positive and significant in the eastern/northeastern region but negative in the western region. In general, these findings provide insights into the importance of interregional tourism policies and strategies for inbound tourism development in China.

High Toxoplasma Seroprevalence Associated with Meat Eating Habits of Locals in Nepal

1999 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shiba Kumar Rai ◽  
Takeo Matsumura ◽  
Kazuo Ono ◽  
Ayako Abe ◽  
Kazuko Hirai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eating Habits ◽  
Western Region ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Meat Eating ◽  
The People ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Western Region ◽  
Toxoplasma Gondii Infection ◽  
Apparently Healthy

A serosurvey of Toxoplasma gondii infection in apparently healthy subjects (n=404) living in Achham (n=215) and Dang (n=189) districts in western Nepal was carried out. An interview with 249 participants, each representing a household, was also conducted. This interview pertained to their meat eating habits and the keeping of cats in their houses. Toxoplasma antibodies were detected by using the microlatex agglutination test. The overall seroprevalence was 65.3% with no significant difference in the two districts (Achham: 66.9% and Dang: 63.5%) included ( p=0.546). Females and the Indo-Aryan ethnic-group showed marginally higher prevalence compared with their male ( p=0.545) and Tibeto-Burman ( p=0.075) counterparts. The majority of the infections was found to have occurred during childhood. The frequency of meat eating in western and eastern regions differed greatly ( p=0.000) with the people in the eastern region being frequent meat eaters than those in the western region. About one-third of the subjects, all Indo-Aryans, in the western region had the raw meat eating habit but none in the eastern region. Approximately 7.0% of households in both western and eastern regions kept cats. The present findings demonstrated a typical role of meat eating habits of people in the high Toxoplasma seroprevalence in Nepal.

scholarly journals The Emergence of the Campaign to Open Up the West: Ideological Formation, Central Decision-making and the Role of the Provinces

2004 ◽  
Vol 178 ◽  
pp. 335-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heike Holbig
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Western Region ◽  
The West ◽  
The People ◽  
Ancient City ◽  
Amorphous Nature ◽  
The Western Region ◽  
Party State ◽  
Great Development

This article examines the formation of the Open Up the West policy from the 1980s to the present. Focusing on the dynamic interaction between central party-state and provincial-level players, it analyses the various ideological and pragmatic factors that have shaped the policy over time. The campaign to Open Up the West is decribed as a “soft policy” to highlight a very diffuse decision-making process which has produced a highly diverse set of agendas and instruments. Due to the amorphous nature of the policy, the article finds, its realization depends to a great extent on the specific interpretations and arrangements of the provincial jurisdictions involved.In June 1999 in the ancient city of Xi'an, Comrade Jiang Zemin made the appeal to the whole party and the people of the whole country on the great development of the western region. Three years have gone by, and the roads have become passable, the lights have become lit, the mountains have become green, the rivers have become clear and the travelling traders have become abundant. One after another, wonderful stories about the homeland of the western region have been circulated and sung.

From fish to cash: Analyzing the role of women in fisheries in the western region of Ghana

Marine Policy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 113 ◽  
pp. 103790 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anita B. Ameyaw ◽  
Annette Breckwoldt ◽  
Hauke Reuter ◽  
Denis W. Aheto
Keyword(s):  
Western Region ◽  
The Western Region ◽  
Role Of Women

Users' needs and expectations on information services provided in libraries: case of four public university libraries from the western region of Kenya

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Irene Nyakweba ◽  
Joyce Muwanguzi Bukirwa ◽  
Eunice Sendikadiwa ◽  
Felicitas Ciabere Ratanya
Keyword(s):  
Public Libraries ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Information Services ◽  
Narrative Form ◽  
Western Region ◽  
University Libraries ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Start Up ◽  
The Western Region ◽  
Information Materials

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to assess the users' needs and expectations on information services provided in libraries, in four public universities from the western region of Kenya. The study explores the extent to which the libraries address users' needs and expectations examining the challenges being encountered, remedies and best practices put in place to mitigate the challenges. The level of users satisfaction towards the information services provided is also examined.Design/methodology/approachStructured questionnaires were distributed among undergraduates (384) and lecturers (86), where 342 were successfully filled and returned, giving a response rate of 73%. The study interviewed ten library staff revealing their views in addressing users' needs and expectations in respective libraries. Collected data were analysed descriptively using statistical methods and presented in figures and tables. Qualitative data were analysed in narrative form.FindingsMajority of users had a positive perception towards the library, while others indicated that their needs were yet to be meet. The study noted the poor state of affair with inadequacies in information materials infrastructure, dwindling budget, facilities and unskilled personnel. The study recommended the need for additional library budget to facilitate acquisition of additional and up-to-date information resources and facilities.Originality/valueThe concept of user needs and expectations has been widely discussed in developed countries. Identifying and understanding users’ requirements in the context of public libraries in developing countries would start up constructive trends towards building useable collections.

scholarly journals The conditional mood in Ghomálaʼ

2017 ◽  
pp. 143-156
Author(s):  
Gaston Bessala ◽  
Francine Moguo
Keyword(s):  
Initial Position ◽  
Western Region ◽  
Focus Particle ◽  
Bantu Language ◽  
Grassfields Bantu ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Western Region ◽  
Past Tenses

This paper sets out to examine the conditional mood in Ghɔmálá’, a Grassfields Bantu language spoken in the Western Region of Cameroon. This article shows that the elements used to build conditionals can play other roles in the language; they can play the role of focus particle, relativizer and even copula. Two main conditional markers are used in Ghɔmálá’ and are found at clause initial position. Contrary to other languages where the future and present tenses express unreal conditionals and past tenses express reality conditionals, Ghɔmálá’ uses past tenses for unreality conditionals and present and future tenses for reality conditionals. Conditionals in Ghɔmálá’ have many pragmatic uses and their use must be judicious due to the numerous functions they assume.

scholarly journals The issues of rational use of natural resource potential of the western region of Ukraine

2017 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Natural Resource ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Mineral Resources ◽  
Western Region ◽  
Resource Potential ◽  
Current State ◽  
Biological Potential ◽  
The Western Region

The present article deals with the current state of natural resource potential (NRP) of the Western region of Ukraine and the main challenges in line with eurointegration processes and rational environmental management. The place of region in total Ukraine’s NRP and its internal structure in section of six oblasts: Lviv, Zakarpattya, Ivano-Frankivsk, Chernivtsi, Volyn, Rivne, Ternopil and Khmelnytsky are analyzed. Land resources of the region, which constitute approximately half of the total value of NRP are characterized. Tendency of reduction of arable land in the region is grounded and problems of land valuation are considered. The growing role of water resources and its national and international importance is investigated. Biological potential of the region, which is representing mainly by forest resources are studied. Forest fund of region, its square, structure and stand of timber are characterized. The problem of illegal deforestation on large areas of the Western region of Ukraine was described with particular attention. Special attention is paid to the growing role of recreational resources of the region, similar in structure to the appropriate resources of neighboring European countries. Western region is a leader for protected areas in Ukraine (about 40% of total area of nature reserve fund). The current state of mineral resources, the importance of which for the Western region needs revaluation is considered. A significant share of mineral resources is characterized by the depletion of deposits and their exploitation unprofitable. The authors detected territorial combination of natural resources, that centralize close in space one to others. Ten local territorial combinations in the mountainous part of the Western Region are allocated. New trends in the use of NRP and prospects of renewable energy in the region are studied. The authors predict an increase in the role of recreation and water resources and rising land prices. The problem of low investment attraction, that should be solved based on the cross-border position of the Western region is analyzed.

scholarly journals The Western Ukrainian regional press in transitional period from totalitarianism to democracy: 1988-1998

2018 ◽  
pp. 29-38
Author(s):  
О. Greskiv
Keyword(s):  
Great Influence ◽  
Subsequent Development ◽  
Transitional Period ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Western Region ◽  
Public Media ◽  
The Press ◽  
Special Value ◽  
The Western Region

This article outlines the process of transformation of the Western Ukrainian regional press at the beginning of democratic development in the environment of restored national independence. It installs the role of the press in this context. The methodology of a research includes the content analysis, which involved systematic reading or observation of texts. These results indicate that the press of the Western region of Ukraine emphasizes the special value in the newest processes of state forming. The general trends of the development of the economic, social and political state forming are explored. Basic factors which carried out a shove to subsequent development of media system are highlighted. Periods, marked characteristic changes in the system are determined: exit out of totalitarian influence and legalization of unofficial editions; crash of monopoly of influence, appearance of new editions and market segmentation; functioning in the conditions of political variety and threat of loss of national informative space.The novelty is the key role of the press of the Western region of Ukraine marked during democratic transformations. The value of the democratic press in forming of the state, revival of regional traditions, culture, education and religion is accented. These periodicals were appeared as an alternative of the totalitarian press and had a great influence on subsequent development of the system of the mass media. The practical significance of the article is to follow the line of development of these editions, which should help to create powerful public media in Ukraine.

scholarly journals Use and Role of Mobile Phone for Information Services in Agricultural Activities

2020 ◽  
pp. 102-110
Author(s):  
M. R. Karim ◽  
M. A. Meem ◽  
M. S. Rahman ◽  
M. R. F. Noman ◽  
S. Huda
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Phone ◽  
Mobile Apps ◽  
Mobile App ◽  
Information Services ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Women Farmers ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Sustainable Livelihood ◽  
Agricultural Activities

The main purpose of this study was to determine the use and role of mobile phone for information services in agricultural activities as well as to explore the relationship between the socio-economic characteristics of women farmers and their use of mobile phone in agricultural activities. Data were collected using pre-tested interview schedule from a sample of 85 women farmers during the month of August 2018. Besides descriptive statistics, Pearson’s Product Moment Correlation Coefficient (r) was used to explore the significant influencing factors. Ten (10) different android mobile phone apps were identified which are most frequently used by the women farmers in the study area. Among the mobile apps, ‘vutta or maize app’ was found as the top used mobile app for information services in agricultural activities. This might be because of rapidly spreading of maize cultivation as a highly benefited cereal crops against the climatic change situation in the study area. Findings indicated that among the women farmers, majority (64.7 percent) of the women farmers used mobile phone moderately for information services in agricultural activities followed by 23.5 percent high and only 11.8 percent low used of mobile phone. Among ten socio-economic characteristics of the women farmers, education, annual income, organizational participation, training received and ICT self-efficacy had positive significant relationship and influence of the use of mobile phone in agricultural activities. ‘Insect and disease control measures’ was found the 1st ranked agricultural activities in which mobile phone played highest role for information services. It suggests that issues related to economic impact or effect of mobile phone on sustainable livelihood could be considered for future research to be undertaken.

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