scholarly journals Optimization of Phytochemical Screening Analysis of Ocimum Gratissimum Leaf Oil Extraction Process

2019 ◽  
pp. 139-158
Author(s):  
J. O. Ezeugo ◽  
M. N. Nwanekezie ◽  
O. D. Onukwuli ◽  
C. C. Olisa-Bosah ◽  
L. I. Ezeh
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Acid Value ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Oil Yield ◽  
Extraction Temperature ◽  
Process Variables ◽  
Ocimum Gratissimum ◽  
Leaf Oil ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries ◽  
Temperature Time

Optimization of the process variables for the extraction of oil from Ocimum gratissimum (scent leaves) was studied. The effects of various process variables such as temperature, time, volume of solvent, particle size and their interaction on oil yield were investigated. A predictive model describing the oil yield in terms of process variables was derived from multiple regression analysis. Optimum yield of (54%) was predicted at extraction temperature of 50°C, extraction time of 40 min, leaf particle size of 150µm and 125ml volume of solvent but decreased with increase in leaf particle size. The extract was analysed to examine the physiochemical properties such as acid value, iodine value, peroxide value, viscosity, saponification value, specific gravity, moisture and ash contents using standard methods. Results revealed that the oil is edible and can find uses in food and pharmaceutical industries for spice and drug production respectively.

A Study on the Investigation of Diffusion Coefficient for Oil Extraction from Terebinth (Pistacia terebinthus L.) Seeds

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 144-153
Author(s):  
Fatih Kaya ◽  
Ahmet Özer
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Diffusion Coefficients ◽  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Oil Extraction ◽  
Extraction Yield ◽  
Extraction Time ◽  
Solvent Ratio ◽  
Extraction Temperature ◽  
Pistacia Terebinthus

Objective: In this study, the extraction of oil from Pistacia terebinthus L’s seeds grown in Elazig-TURKEY and called menengic in domestic region was investigated. Crude oil content of the seeds obtained from this region was determined as approximately 47% (w/w). Methods: Effects of the parameters such as extraction time, temperature, seeds/solvent ratio (dosage), the particle size of seeds and type of solvent were examined on the oil extraction yield. In this context, it has concluded that up to a certain point, the extraction time has increased the yield of oil extracted. But the extraction temperature showed activity as depending on the solvent type. Results: As expected, it has been observed that the yield of oil has decreased depending on the increase in particle size and dosage as well. The mathematical model obtained by solving Fick's second law under the appropriate boundary and initial conditions were used to calculate diffusion coefficients for the extraction process. Diffusion coefficients for the seeds with a particle size of 0.55 mm were found to be between 1.15x10-11 and 1.86x10-11 m2s-1. To compare the extraction yield of Pistacia terebinthus L’s seeds with that of sunflower at the same conditions, the diffusion coefficients of sunflower seeds were calculated in the range of 9.11x10-12 and 1.13x10-11 m2s-1. Conclusion: These figures show that the diffusion coefficients calculated for both oily seeds are nearly equivalent to each other. The fatty acid composition of extracted oil from Pistacia terebinthus L’s seeds was determined by GC-FID. The GC-FID results showed that oleic, linoleic (ω-6) and palmitic acid were main fatty acids in the oil obtained from menengic seeds.

scholarly journals Drying Kinetics and Optimisation of Pectin Extraction from Banana Peels via Response Surface Methodology

2018 ◽  
Vol 152 ◽  
pp. 01002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chua Bee Lin ◽  
Chong Yek Cze
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Extraction Yield ◽  
Drying Kinetics ◽  
Extraction Temperature ◽  
Surface Design ◽  
Drying Kinetic ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries ◽  
Gelling Time ◽  
Solid Liquid

Banana peels which are the waste in abundance, are used to extract valuable pectin. The gelling ability of the pectin has gained attention in food and pharmaceutical industries. This research aims to select the best drying kinetic model for banana peels and also optimize the pectin extraction process using Box-Behnken response surface design (BBD). Determination of pectin gelling mechanism using degree of esterification (DE) is also focused in this research. In this study, oven drying with temperature 50°C was chosen as the best drying temperature due to highest extraction yield. Furthermore, Page-Two-term model was selected as the best model to describe the drying kinetics of banana peels due to highest R2 value (0.9991) and lowest RMSE value (0.001). The optimal extraction conditions given by BBD were 75°C extraction temperature, 23 min extraction time and 1:33.3 g/ml solid-liquid ratio. Likewise, the DE for both pectins extracted using unoptimised and optimised conditions were 71.92±1.38% and 76.1±2.07% respectively. Both of the pectins were classified as high-methoxyl pectins. The pectin with higher DE also indicated that the rate of gel formation is higher. The results showed that the pectin yield and gelling time has successfully improved after optimised the pectin extraction process.

scholarly journals Kinetics of Oil Extraction from Candlenut (Aleurites moluccana)

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Faiznur Mohd Fuad ◽  
Wan Abdul Azim Wan Azzuddin
Keyword(s):  
Solvent Extraction ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Oil Extraction ◽  
Extraction Time ◽  
Oil Yield ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Extraction Temperature ◽  
Logarithmic Model ◽  
Aleurites Moluccana ◽  
Kinetics Of

Oil from candlenut (Aleurites moluccana) was extracted using a solvent extraction technique. The influence of three parameters namely extraction time, extraction temperature as well as liquid to solid (L/S) ratio on the candlenut oil yield were studied to optimise the extraction conditions for achieving maximum oil yield. The maximum candlenut oil yield (35.67%) was achieved using methanol as a solvent at a temperature of 45oC for 80 min of extraction period. The optimum L/S ratio was 10ml/g. It was found that the candlenut oil yield increases with the increase of extraction time, extraction temperature and L/S ratio. Kinetics of solvent extraction of oil from candlenut was evaluated using Peleg’s model and Logarithmic model. The model parameters were calculated using the experimental data.  The kinetics of candlenut oil extraction conforms very well to the Peleg’s model with a high R2 value of 0.9927 and low MRPD value of 1.827%. However, the Logarithmic model can fairly describe the candlenut oil extraction process with the values of R2 and MRPD of 0.9653 and 4.352%, respectively.

scholarly journals Comparative Study of Response Surface Methodology and Artificial Neural Network for Modeling and Optimization of Extraction Process Parameters on Tetrapleura Tetraptera

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 313-321
Author(s):  
E.A. Oyedoh ◽  
G.A. Erumi ◽  
C.E. Akhabue
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Artificial Neural Network ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Extraction Temperature ◽  
Extract Yield ◽  
Tetrapleura Tetraptera

Bioactive compounds in the fruits of Tetrapleura tetraptera is widely used in food as a flavouring agent and for spices. In this study, bioactive compounds were extracted by solid-liquid extraction process and the yield was optimized by response surface methodology (RSM) and artificial neural network (ANN). The process parameters optimized were the extraction temperature, particle size and extraction time. Box-Behnken Design was used to study the effect of the process parameters on the extract yield. A quadratic model was obtained by RSM which was used topredict the extract yield. While for ANN, Bayesian Regularization learning algorithm with hyperbolic function (Tanh) for both hidden and output layers was the best model for predicting the extract yield. The performance of both models was established based on their R2 and RMSE values. (R2 and RMSE values were 0.9391 and 3.10 for RSM and 0.9637 and 0.8193 for ANN respectively). ANN gave the maximum extract yield of 29.15 % higher than that of RSM which evaluated a yield of 27.70 % with optimum conditions at extraction temperature of 90℃, particle size of 3.26 mm and extraction time of 50 mins. It was therefore concluded that ANN is better than RSM in the modeling and optimization of the extraction process parameters. Keywords: Tetrapleura tetraptera, bioactive compounds, process parameters, optimization  

scholarly journals Optimization of canthaxanthin extraction from fermented biomass of Paracoccus carotinifacuens VTP20181 bacteria strain isolated in Vietnam

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-125
Author(s):  
Le Xuan Duy ◽  
Tran Quoc Toan ◽  
Dang Viet Anh ◽  
Nguyen Phi Hung ◽  
Trinh Thi Thu Huong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Output Power ◽  
Theoretical Calculations ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Ultrasonic Waves ◽  
Extraction Time ◽  
Carotenoid Content ◽  
Extraction Temperature ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries ◽  
Biomass Extract

Introduction. The bacterium strain Paracoccus carotinifaciens VTP20181 isolated in Vietnam produces canthaxanthin, a carotenoid widely used in the food and pharmaceutical industries. The aim of this work was to determine optimal parameters for canthaxanthin extraction from fermented biomass of P. carotinifaciens VTP20181. Study objects and methods. First, a series of single factor investigations were carried out in regard to maximal carotenoid content in the biomass extract obtained by using ultrasonic waves. Four parameters of the extraction process, such as extraction temperature, solvent/material ratio, extraction time, and ultrasonic output power, were studied. The obtained results were then optimized by using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) and Box-Behnken experimental design. Results and discussion. The optimal technological parameters of the extraction process included extraction temperature of 35°C, solvent/material ratio of 9.5:1 (v/w), extraction time of 90 min, and ultrasonic output power of 145 W. Under optimal conditions, canthaxanthin and total carotenoid contents were determined as 14.95 ± 0.12 and 18.21 ± 0.11 mg/g respectively, which were compatible with theoretical calculations ‒ 15.074 and 18.263 mg/g, respectively. Conclusion. Current results confirmed that the strain of halophilic P. carotinifaciens VTP20181 is a potential source for canthaxanthin biosynthesis.

scholarly journals Supercritical CO2 Fluid Extraction of Elaeagnus mollis Diels Seed Oil and Its Antioxidant Ability

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 911 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chengxin Wang ◽  
Zhenhua Duan ◽  
Liuping Fan ◽  
Jinwei Li
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Oil Yield ◽  
Seed Particle ◽  
Extraction Temperature ◽  
Antioxidant Ability ◽  
Elaeagnus Mollis

Supercritical fluid carbon dioxide (SF-CO2) was used to extract oil from Elaeagnus mollis Diels (E. mollis Diels) seed and its antioxidant ability was also investigated. The effect of extraction pressure (20–35 MPa), extraction temperature (35–65 C), extraction time (90–180 min) and seed particle size (40–100 mesh) on the oil yield were studied. An orthogonal experiment was conducted to determine the best operating conditions for the maximum extraction oil yield. Based on the optimum conditions, the maximum yield reached 29.35% at 30 MPa, 50 C, 150 min, 80 mesh seed particle size and 40 g/min SF-CO2 flow rate. The E. mollis Diels seed (EDS) oil obtained under optimal SF-CO2 extraction conditions had higher unsaturated fatty acid content (91.89%), higher vitamin E content (96.24 ± 3.01 mg/100 g) and higher total phytosterols content (364.34 ± 4.86 mg/100 g) than that extracted by Soxhlet extraction (SE) and cold pressing (CP) methods. The antioxidant activity of the EDS oil was measured by DPPH and hydroxyl radical scavenging test. EDS oil extracted by different methods exhibited a dose-dependent antioxidant ability, with IC50 values of no significant differences. Based on the results of correlation between bioactive compounds, lupeol and -tocopherol was the most important antioxidant in EDS oil.

scholarly journals Optimization of tocols and γ-oryzanol extraction from rice bran using ultrasound and soybean oil as a green solvent

Food Research ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 2322-2332
Author(s):  
P. Loypimai ◽  
A. Moongngarm ◽  
A. Sittisuanjik ◽  
S. Khamanan
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Oil ◽  
Rice Bran ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Solution Temperature ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Extraction Temperature ◽  
Process Variables ◽  
Amplitude Level

A new process was developed to extract tocols and γ-oryzanol from rice bran using ultrasound with soybean oil as a natural solvent. Results were compared to the conventional solvent method. The extraction process was optimized using response surface methodology (RSM) with three independent process variables as amplitude level (A) (20-60%), extraction temperature (B) (25-65°C) and time (C) (20-60 mins). Statistical analysis indicated that models developed for all responses were significant. Linear terms of all process variables had significant effects on α-tocopherol, γ-tocopherol, and γoryzanol, while quadratic effects of amplitude level (A2), temperature (B2) and time (C2) on all responses were highly significant. Optimal process conditions for maximum yield of tocopherols and γ-oryzanol were 40% amplitude level, 65°C solution temperature and 40 mins. Yields of α-tocopherol and γ-oryzanol in oil extracted under the optimal conditions or ultrasound-assisted soybean oil extraction (O-UASO) were comparable to oil yield produced by conventional solvent extraction (O-CSE). Interestingly, O-UASO showed higher total antioxidant activities compared with O-CSE. Extraction using ultrasound with soybean oil was proposed as an effective alternative green process to improve oil functionality without the need for separating environmentally hazardous organic solvents.

scholarly journals Solvent Extraction of Jatropha Oil for Biodiesel Production: Effects of Solvent-to-Solid Ratio, Particle Size, Type of Solvent, Extraction Time, and Temperature on Oil Yield

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Justin W. Ntalikwa
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Solvent Extraction ◽  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Extraction Time ◽  
Oil Yield ◽  
Extraction Temperature ◽  
Jatropha Oil ◽  
Solid Ratio

The aim of this study was to examine the effects of solvent-to-solid ratio, particle size, extraction time, and temperature on the extraction of Jatropha oil using three organic solvents, i.e., n-hexane, petroleum ether, and ethanol. The Soxhlet extraction method was used, and the parameters were varied in the following ranges: extraction temperature of 24–80°C, extraction time of 2 to 8 h, solvent-to-solid ratio of 4 : 1 to 7 : 1, and particle size of 0.5–0.8 mm. After obtaining optimal conditions, a large volume of Jatropha oil was prepared, purified, and subjected to analysis of quality parameters. It was found that the oil content of the Jatropha curcas L. seeds used was 48.2 ± 0.12% w/w. The highest oil yield of 47.5 ± 0.11% w/w corresponding to an oil recovery of 98.6 ± 0.3% w/w was obtained with n-hexane under the following conditions: solvent-to-solid ratio of 6 : 1, particle size of 0.5–0.8 mm, extraction time of 7 h, and extraction temperature of 68°C. This was followed by that of petroleum ether (46.2 ± 0.15% w/w) and lastly by ethanol (43 ± 0.18% w/w). The quality parameters of the oil extracted compared favorably well with most of the values reported in the literature, suggesting that the oil was of good quality for biodiesel production. Environmental and safety concerns over the use of hexane pose a great challenge. Thus, ethanol, which is environmentally benign, is recommended for application. The conditions for ethanol extraction that gave high oil yield were as follows: extraction temperature of 70°C, extraction time of 7 h, solvent-to-solid ratio of 6 : 1, particle size of 0.5–0.8 mm, and oil yield of 43 ± 0.18% w/w corresponding to an oil recovery of 89.2 ± 0.4% w/w.

scholarly journals The extraction of oil from tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) seeds

2007 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivana Stanisavljevic ◽  
Svetlana Lakicevic ◽  
Dragan Velickovic ◽  
Miodrag Lazic ◽  
Vlada Veljkovic
Keyword(s):  
Nicotiana Tabacum ◽  
Petroleum Ether ◽  
Soxhlet Extraction ◽  
Acid Value ◽  
Boiling Temperature ◽  
Oil Yield ◽  
Solvent Ratio ◽  
Extraction Temperature ◽  
Nicotiana Tabacum L ◽  
Process Factors

The classical extraction (maceration) of oil from the seeds of a tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) plant strain, type Otlja, was carried out using n-hexane and petroleum ether as extracting solvents at different temperatures (25 ?C, 40 ?C and the boiling temperature) and seeds-to-solvent ratios (1:3, 1:5 and 1:10 w/v). The effects of the process factors on the kinetic parameters and the oil yield were assessed using the full factorial experiments 24. The oil yield was increased if the seeds were grounded before the extraction and by increasing the extraction temperature and by decreasing the seeds-to-solvent ratio. n-Hexane was somewhat more efficient than petroleum ether in the tobacco seed oil (TSO) extraction. The oil yield of 23.5 g/100 g of seeds (based on dry weight) was achieved using n-hexane at the seeds-to-solvent ratio of 1:10 w/v and the boiling temperature for the time of 60 minutes. The maceration was found to be less efficient in recovering the TSO than the Soxhlet extraction where the maximum oil yield of 31.1 g/100 of dry seeds was obtained. The kinetics of the oil extraction was described using the model of unsteady diffusion through plant material. The major fatty acid (FA) of oil recovered from the TSO was linoleic acid. The high acid value (37 mg KOH/g) indicated that the content of the free FA in the oil was quite high.

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