scholarly journals Nikolai Gogol's text in the works of Vladimir Nabokov: the history of foundation of the issue in criticism and literary studies

Author(s):  
Oksana S. Rudova

The author of the article tried to trace the formation of the idea about the connection of the works of Vladimir Nabokov with Nikolai Gogol's tradition based on the material of the Russian émigréecritics’ works of and literary critics of the 20th—21st centuries. This process is considered as a progressive one, largely specified by the development of researching idea. The émigréecriticism saw the reason for the similarity these writers’ works in their similar aesthetics based on the relationship of the perception of the world and the human. In turn, literary studies of the late 20th century presented a new way of comparison, where Nabokov's prose is considered to be a complicated fiction on the whole, in which there is not only Nikolai Gogol's subtext, but also allusions to the other writers’ works, called "polygenetics". The author of the article offers a generalisation of methodological nature, indicating different types of literary links.

Virittäjä ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 122 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lotta Aarikka

Artikkelissa tarkastellaan suomalaisen murteentutkimuksen historiaa suomen kielen alalla ilmestyneiden murteita käsittelevien väitöskirjojen lähdeluetteloiden avulla. Artikkelissa käsitellään dialektologian ja sosiolingvistiikan suhdetta sekä perustellaan sitä, miksi alueellisen vaihtelun tutkimushistoriaa on tarpeen tarkastella kokonaisuutena. Aineistona on 41 väitöskirjan lähdeluetteloista koostettu lähdetietokanta, jota analysoidaan tekijä-, nimike- ja julkaisuvuositietojen näkökulmasta.  Lähdetietokannan viitatuin sadasosa tekijöistä kattaa 27 tutkijaa, joihin on viitattu lähdetietokannassa 40–316 kertaa. Yhteensä tähän tekijäjoukkoon viitataan lähdetietokanta-aineistossa 2 672 kertaa. Yli 10 kertaa lähdeluetteloissa mainittuja tekijöitä on 150. Miesten tekemään tutkimukseen viitataan useammin kuin naisten ja kotimaisten tutkijoiden tekemään tutkimukseen useammin kuin ei-kotimaisten. Murteita käsittelevissä väitöskirjoissa ei viitata juuri lainkaan tutkimukseen, joka olisi kotimaisten ja ei-kotimaisten tutkijoiden yhteistyössä tekemää. Sekä tekijöiden sukupuolen että kotimaisuuden näkökulmasta on havaittavissa paitsi laaja väitöskirjakohtainen vaihtelu myös tendenssi kohti kansainvälistymistä ja naisten tasavertaisempaa edustusta tutkimusalalla. Aineiston kumulatiivinen luonne aiheuttaa vanhojen nimikkeiden painottumisen. Tämä näkyy esimerkiksi siitä, että uusimmat pelkän frekvenssin perusteella viitatuimmiksi määritetyt teokset ovat ilmestyneet vuonna 1966. Tätä vinoutumista voi tasapainottaa tarkastelemalla viitattujen nimikkeiden julkaisuvuoteen suhteutettua suhdelukua. Myös siten, että tarkasteluun ottaa nimikkeet, joihin on viitattu neljäsosassa väitöskirjoja (88 kpl), on joukko vähemmän homogeeninen. Julkaisuvuosien ja nimikkeiden jakautumista verrattaessa voi perustellusti todeta, että 1900-luvun loppupuoliskolla ilmestyneisiin nimikkeisiin viittaaminen on heterogeenisempää kuin vuosisadan alkupuoliskolla ilmestyneisiin. Tätä selittävät paitsi tutkimuksen monimuotoistuminen myös sen määrän kasvu. Lähdeluetteloiden tarkasteleminen tuo uuden näkökulman tutkimushistorian analysointiin. Se todentaa empiirisesti, keihin ja mihin tutkimuksiin tieteenalalla viitataan. Kvantitatiivisen luonteensa vuoksi näkökulma tarjoaa myös paljon lisäkysymyksiä laadulliselle jatkotutkimukselle.   Dialect study in the light of citations This article considers research history on dialects in Finland. It examines the relationship of dialectology and sociolinguistics in the study of dialects and explains why they must be understood as one continuous research history. The data used in this article comes from a citation database compiled from the bibliographies of 41 doctoral theses. In the citation database, 27 researchers comprise the most cited 1%; they have been cited between 40 and 316 times. The most cited 1% has been cited in the database a total of 2,672 times, while 150 individual researchers have been cited over 10 times. Men are cited more often than women, and Finnish researchers have been cited more frequently than non-Finnish ones. There are almost no citations to research that has been conducted jointly by a Finnish and non-Finnish researcher. The variation in citing women and non-Finnish researchers is great, and there is a tendency towards more international and equal citing. The cumulative nature of the data means that older research is over-represented. This can be deduced from the fact that the newest frequently cited research dates from 1966. This distortion can be balanced by creating and analysing a ratio based on the year in which individual works were published. Also, when looking at the research that has been cited in a quarter of all dissertations (88), the data becomes less homogenous. When analysing the amount of research published, it is justified to say that citing in the late 20th century is more heterogeneous than it was at the beginning of the century. The diversification and increased volume of research explains this change.  The article demonstrates how a quantitative perspective, based on citations, can enhance our understanding of research history. It verifies with empirical data whom and which research has been cited over the years. Finally, the article concludes what kinds of questions concerning research history arise and can still be answered by further investigating the citation database.  


2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tautvydas Vėželis

This article examines the problem of overcoming nihilism in Heidegger’s dialogue with Jünger. It is suggested that nihilism is manifested in various forms and is the deep logic of the whole history of European civilization. One of the main aims of this paper is to outline the relationship of nihilism and Nothing in Heidegger’s dispute with Jünger, viewing how Heidegger distinguishes his approach from Jünger’s point of view. Heidegger, on the one hand, treats nihilism as consummation of the Western metaphysical tradition, on the other hand, identifies Nothing itself as the shadow of Being, which cannot be overcome in the traditional dialectical thinking manner.


1982 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 495-513
Author(s):  
Paolo Ramat

Summary The paper essays to give a brief survey of the imposing and complex work of Giacomo Devoto (1897–1974), with particular emphasis on its principal traits seen both from the point of view of the history of linguistics and its scientific significance. Especial attention is drawn first of all to Devoto’s position vis-à-vis Benedetto Croce’s Idealism and the linguistic positivism of the first half of the 20th century. It seems possible to define Devoto’s position as a dialectic one between these two intellectual currents, which eventually led to an historicism, which actually was typical of the Italian linguistic tradition. From this viewpoint then Devoto’s understanding of language as an ‘institution’ is examined, including his intervention in the dispute between N. Ja. Marr and Stalin. After having dealt with his concept of a ‘stylistics of language’, which returns to regarding langue as an historicaland social institution, and its difference from a literary stylistics, Devoto’s Indo-European studies are examined. Here, the question of the relationship between linguistics and the other disciplines concerned with antiuqty is discussed, a relationship which Devotohad been obliged on several occasions to come back to. The ‘Devotian’ position is presented critically with the help of discussions which Devoto himself had entertained, with archaeologists and with linguists.


2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 136-152
Author(s):  
Akira Nishimura

This paper asks whether public commemorations in contemporary Japan are post-secular or not. More precisely, it investigates the postwar history of the relationship between such commemorations and the principle of keeping religion and government separate, as embodied in the constitution. Referring to several contemporary cases, I provide an overview of the discourses and actual conditions of the separation of religion and state at Chidorigafuchi National Cemetery (Chidorigafuchi Kokuritsu Senbotsusha Boen 千鳥ヶ淵国立戦没者墓苑) and Yasukuni Shrine (Yasukuni Jinja 靖国神社). In conclusion, I point out on one hand that the non-denominational expressions seen in Chidorigafuchi and other facilities show a distinctive kind of religious expression. On the other hand, I underscore that the excessive avoidance of religious participation by government officials derives from the Yasukuni issue and related legal trials. I explain the relationship of those phenomena in terms of two types of secularization: natural secularization and artificial secularization.


Author(s):  
Alison M. Jaggar

The relationship of philosophy to science is a matter of long historical dispute. Philosophy has been described variously as the mother, the queen or the handmaiden of science, depending on whether the philosopher’s role was perceived as that of giving birth to science, of regulating and legitimating scientific discourse or of clearing the conceptual underbrush in the way of scientific advance. This essay, by contrast, is grounded on a conception of philosophy and science as partners or sisters, perhaps even as Siamese twin sisters, both proceeding from the same impulse to understand ourselves and the world and to change both for the better. Occasionally relations between philosophy and science have been marred by sibling rivalry, with each sister claiming the right to control and limit the pretensions of the other. In fact, however, philosophy and science are interdependent and ultimately inseparable. To borrow a famous slogan from another context: science without philosophy is blind; philosophy without science is empty.


2018 ◽  
Vol 222 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-24
Author(s):  
Asst. Instructor: Ayad Enad Khalaf

This article highlights different ways of metaphorical use in language and shows its potential in attracting the readers' attention. Language as a biological being lives its own life witnessing never-ending changes: falling outs and newly built elements. We enrich our language not only by new elements but also by new styles and reusing of existing sources. One of these ways which makes language more alive and active is metaphor. Metaphor nowadays is found in all the fields of life, education, medicine, policy and everyday life. Metaphor, in fact, reflects the relationship of language to culture and the world of ideas. Language, on the one hand, is a repository of culture; the traditions, proverbs, and knowledge of our ancestors. On the other hand, language is the mirror of the world of ideas. People reflect their new ideas in using language in new ways, even such devices as paintings and riddles. Metaphor has many shapes and is found in spoken and written language, graphics, cartoon or caricature, riddles, jokes and paintings to express novel shades of meanings, e.g., metaphor in newspaper photos, magazines or even in advertisements attracts the attention of readers and are memorized for a long time. Metaphoric use is also a way of enjoying the readers. It is used for both real and logical aims such as; warnings, advises, or invitations ...etc


REPERTÓRIO ◽  
2010 ◽  
pp. 176
Author(s):  
Teatro & Dança Repertório

<div>A dança perpassa a história de todas as civilizações antigas. Na cultura primitiva, ela estabelece uma forma de comunicação única entre um povo e suas tradições. Essa comunicação ocorre por meio de um vocabulário próprio de movimentos e gestos corporais que também farão parte dos rituais religiosos. No caso dos textos judaicos, a dança está associada a comemorações bélicas, à conquista militar, à realização pessoal e ao culto à divindade, além de exemplificar um aspecto do “ritual pagão” dos povos não-judaicos. Por sua vez, o episódio envolvendo a filha de Herodias, Salomé, registrado nos evangelhos de <em>Mateus e Marcos</em>, foi relido nos séculos posteriores figurando sua dança apenas em associação com a licenciosidade romana. O objetivo desse texto é analisar a relação dos textos velho-testamentários com a dança e opô-la ao relato de Marcos, ressaltando o modo peculiar com que o autor constrói sua narrativa. Nesse sentido, buscamos uma aproximação entre o texto literário bíblico e as práticas da dança no contexto judaico e romano.</div><div><br /></div><div><div><br />Dance passes through the history of all ancient civilizations. In the culture of primitive society, it provides a unique form of communication between people and their traditions. This communication occurs through a specific vocabulary of movements and body gestures which is also part of religious rituals. In the case of Jewish texts, the dance is associated with the celebration of war, military conquest, personal accomplishment and to worship their god, besides its "pagan worship" nature in non-Jewish cultures. On the other hand, the story of the dance of Salome, in <em>Matthew and Mark</em>, was reread in later centuries fi guring dance only in association with the Roman licentiousness. The aim of this paper is to analyze the relationship of old-testamentary texts with dance and oppose them to Mark's account, highlighting the peculiar way in which the author described the dance, the setting and characters of the story. In this sense, we seek an approximation between biblical literary text and the practice of dance in a Jewish and Roman context.</div></div>


1912 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 41-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard J. A. Berry ◽  
A. W. D. Robertson

IN our communication to the Royal Society of Victoria of the 11th March, 1909 (1), describing our recent discovery of forty-two Tasmanian crania hitherto quite unknown to the world of science, we stated that “one of the earliest purposes to which it is proposed to utilise the present material is the determination of the relationship of the Tasmanian to the anthropoids and primitive man on the one hand, and to the Australian aboriginal on the other hand. Schwalbe's study of Pithecanthropus erectus (2) may serve as a basis for the former purpose, and Klaatsch's recent work (3) for the latter, though it must be remembered that innumerable authors have contributed to both subjects.” The present work is the fulfilment of the first part of this undertaking, namely, the determination of the relationship of the Tasmanian to the anthropoids and primitive man.


2018 ◽  
Vol 63 (S26) ◽  
pp. 211-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca Di Pasquale

AbstractThis article analyses the practices of deportation and transportation of colonial subjects from Libya, Italy’s former possession, to the metropole throughout the entire colonial period (1911–1943). For the most part, the other colonial powers did not transport colonial subjects to Europe. Analysing the history of the punitive relocations of Libyans, this article addresses the ways in which the Italian case may be considered peculiar. It highlights the overlapping of the penal system and military practices and emphasizes the difficult dialogue between “centre” and “periphery” concerning security issues inside the colony. Finally, it focuses on the experience of the Libyans in Italy and shows how the presence there of colonial subjects in some respects overturned the “colonial situation”, undermining the relationship of power between Italians and North Africans.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Galina Trifonova ◽  
Elena Suprunova ◽  
Svetlana Pay ◽  
Aleksandr Salionov

The textbook reflects the most important stages of the history of the world community and Russia from ancient times to the present day. The authors trace the course of bright and at the same time dramatic events in world and national history over the centuries. The authors ' distinctive feature is their attempt to show the relationship of social processes that took place in Russia at different times, in the context and in the outline of world history. The main feature of this manual is a systematic view of the historical processes that took place in Russia and in the world. The textbook, taking into account the achievements of modern historical science, contains a set of modern methodological developments that contribute to the better assimilation of the course "History". Meets the requirements of the Federal state educational standards of secondary professional education of the latest generation. Recommended for students of secondary vocational education institutions studying history.


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