Photoprotection and Vitamin D: A Concise Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 21-26
Author(s):  
Cátia Irene Duarte Valente ◽  
Elaine Cristina Silva dos Reis ◽  
Idiberto José Zotarelli Filho ◽  
Durval Ribas Filho
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Skin Cancer ◽  
Bone Mineralization ◽  
Ultraviolet B ◽  
Patient Orientation ◽  
Skin Exposure ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Skin Phototype

One of the main factors for the increase in the incidence of skin cancer in Brazil today is exposure to solar radiation. The main means of prevention is through photoprotection, together with factors such as solar incidence in the region, the habits of the population, and the skin phototype. The relationship between photoprotection and vitamin D is fundamental for patient orientation since photoprotection is a practice widely used today for all people, both those who have already suffered some type of skin cancer and others who are at greater risk or not. to develop it. On the other hand, some studies suggest that the photoprotection of the skin would jeopardize the development of Vitamin D, which may cause its deficiency, and may subject patients to future changes in bone mineralization, increasing the risk of bone deformities and fractures since the vitamin D is essential for bone tissue and its production is stimulated by skin exposure to ultraviolet B radiation (UVB), with natural sources limited through the diet. The discussion about the relationship between photoprotection and vitamin D is essential to establish the right conditions for each patient.

scholarly journals Emotional branding analysis for the Korean Drama-based tourism locations

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 399
Author(s):  
Amida Yusriana ◽  
Devi Purnamasari ◽  
Nalal Muna
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Research Study ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
City Branding ◽  
Emotional Bonding ◽  
Cinematic City ◽  
Five Senses ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Relationship

City branding is an effort to build a particular image of a city. Semarang is one of Indonesia’s big cities that has not yet succeeded in finding the right brand to represent it. The researcher has conducted a pilot research study that aims to build Semarang’s city branding as The Cinematic City. It is due to Semarang’s background of often becoming a shoot location for famous movies. South Korea is well known because of its pop cultures, such as drama. Drama is one of the main factors that contribute to the increasing number of foreign visitors. They mostly visit popular drama shooting locations as their destinations. These kinds of tourism site are successful at developing emotional branding in the visitor’s minds. Looking at the similarity of South Korea and Semarang will help Semarang to learn a lot from what South Korea has done. This research aims to analyse how emotional branding represented through the Korean drama-based tourism site gimmicks. This research used the Emotional Branding theory by Marc Gobe. It assumed that emotional bonding is an essential thing in terms of engaging the customer and product in a particular phase. The main subjects of this research are the gimmicks in Nami Island. The result shows that the Relationship Aspect fulfilled by changing the theme and properties according to the season. For the Five Senses Experience, it only employs the sense of sight and touch by creating many gimmicks that can be a photo-taking hot spot. The Imagination aspect fulfilled by the unique design of the Emotional Identity put forward, such as the snowman.

scholarly journals Osteoporosis in childhood: related factors and prevention

2011 ◽  
pp. 111-116
Author(s):  
Emilio González-Jiménez ◽  
Judit Álvarez-Ferre
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Bone Mass ◽  
Physical Inactivity ◽  
Bone Mineralization ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Nutritional Factors ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Mechanical Factors ◽  
Main Factors

Osteoporosis is defined as a reduction in bone mass. This loss is more important in states of malnutrition, physical inactivity, and with a poor dietary intake of vitamin D and calcium. Bone mineralization depends on both genetic and nutritional factors, as well as endocrine, metabolic, and mechanical factors. Several studies in children have shown that the development of osteoporosis in adulthood may be influenced by the nutritional status during childhood, especially with regard to the contributions of calcium and vitamin D. However, currently there are many questions regarding its pathogenesis and diagnosis and its treatment, some of which are reviewed in this paper. The aim of this work has been to provide an update on the main factors associated with the development of osteoporosis and its prevention in infancy.

Osteomalacia

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kassim Javaid
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Coeliac Disease ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Bone Pain ◽  
Bone Mineralization ◽  
Pancreatic Insufficiency ◽  
Skin Exposure ◽  
Proximal Myopathy

Osteomalacia is a disorder of bone mineralization and is due to a lack of vitamin D. Vitamin D is a prohormone formed by the action of UV radiation on the vitamin’s precursor (7-dehydrocholesterol) in the skin. It undergoes two hydroxylation steps to become an active hormone. The commonest cause of osteomalacia is vitamin D deficiency due to a lack of UVB skin exposure. Other causes include malabsorption (coeliac disease and pancreatic insufficiency), obesity, and chronic kidney disease. The typical symptoms of osteomalacia are non-specific bone pain, proximal myopathy, fatigue, and polyarthralgia. This chapter addresses the causes, diagnosis, and management of osteomalacia.

scholarly journals Study of the relationship between vitamin D deficiency, sunlight incidence and skeletal/extra skeletal diseases

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. e50599
Author(s):  
Alice Barros Câmara ◽  
Igor Augusto Brandão
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Death Rate ◽  
Bone Mineralization ◽  
Vitamin D Insufficiency ◽  
Bone Diseases ◽  
Death Rates ◽  
R Programming Language ◽  
R Programming ◽  
The Relationship

It is estimated that more than 1 billion people worldwide have vitamin D insufficiency or deficiency. Vitamin D participates in bone mineralization, and is therefore important in osteoporosis, osteomalacia and rickets prevention. However, vitamin D deficiency could also be associated with several other pathologies. The present study aimed to investigate the relationships between vitamin D deficiency and vitamin D deficiency-related disorders in patients. In addition, this study aims to verify if countries with low solar incidence have higher extraskeletal disease death rates when compared to countries with high solar incidence. The vitamin D concentrations were obtained from the Heart Hospital database (Natal/Brazil). The relationship between solar incidence and death rate for vitamin D deficiency-related disorders was verified. Death rate data were extracted from the ‘World Life Expectancy’ repository and data about solar incidence were obtained from NASA’s Surface Meteorology and Solar Energy project. These data were statistically processed with IBM SPSS v23.0 software and R programming language. Our results showed that patients with vitamin D insufficiency/deficiency showed significantly more bone diseases, thyroid diseases, hypercholesterolemy, hypertriglyceridemia, cancers, diabetes, hepatobiliary diseases, and urinary system diseases. Moreover, countries with high solar incidence have low cancer and multiple sclerosis death rates. This work suggests the participation of vitamin D and sunlight incidence in several diseases.

Vitamin D in the skin physiology and pathology.

2016 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Piotrowska ◽  
Justyna Wierzbicka ◽  
Michał A Żmijewski
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Skin Cancer ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Active Form ◽  
Ultraviolet B ◽  
Uvb Radiation ◽  
Internal Organs ◽  
Skin Physiology ◽  
Common Skin ◽  
Huge Impact

Vitamin D plays important, pleiotropic role in the maintenance of global homeostasis. Its influence goes far beyond the regulation of calcium and phosphorus balance, as diverse activities of vitamin D and its natural metabolites assure proper functioning of major human organs, including skin. Recently, we reviewed the current understanding of vitamin D impact on human health from historical perspective (Wierzbicka et al. (2014) The renaissance of vitamin D. Acta Biochim Pol 61: 679-686). This article focuses on its functions in the skin. The skin and its appendages, creates a platform connecting and protecting internal organs against, usually harmful, external environment. It uppermost layer - epidermis in order to maintain a protective barrier undergoes a constant exchange of cornified keratinocytes layer. Its disturbance leads to development of serious skin disorders including psoriasis, vitiligo, atopic dermatitis and skin cancer. All of those dermatopathologies have a huge impact on modern societies, affecting not only the physical, but also mental state of patients as well as their social status. Furthermore, multiple human systemic diseases (autoimmune, blood and digestive diseases) have skin manifestation, thus "condition of the skin" often reflects the condition and pathological changes within the internal organs. In humans, the skin is the natural source of vitamin D, which is produced locally from 7-dehydrocholesterol in photoreaction induced by ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation from the sun. It is also well established, that the process of proliferation and differentiation of keratinocytes is tightly regulated by calcium and the active form of vitamin D (1,25(OH)2D3). Thus, the skin physiology is inseparably connected with vitamin D production and activity. Unfortunately, UVB, which is required for vitamin D production, is also known as the main cause of a skin cancer, including melanoma. Here, we are going to review benefits of vitamin D and its analogues in the maintenance of epidermal barrier and its potential use in the treatment of common skin diseases.

scholarly journals UK Food Standards Agency Workshop Report: an investigation of the relative contributions of diet and sunlight to vitamin D status

2010 ◽  
Vol 104 (4) ◽  
pp. 603-611 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret Ashwell ◽  
Elaine M. Stone ◽  
Heiko Stolte ◽  
Kevin D. Cashman ◽  
Helen Macdonald ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Skin Cancer ◽  
Dietary Vitamin ◽  
Asian Women ◽  
Minimal Risk ◽  
Vitamin D Status ◽  
Skin Exposure ◽  
Food Standards ◽  
Uvb Exposure ◽  
The Uk

The UK Food Standards Agency (FSA) convened an international group of scientific experts to review three Agency-funded projects commissioned to provide evidence for the relative contributions of two sources, dietary vitamin D intake and skin exposure to UVB rays from sunlight, to vitamin D status. This review and other emerging evidence are intended to inform any future risk assessment undertaken by the Scientific Advisory Committee on Nutrition. Evidence was presented from randomised controlled trials to quantify the amount of vitamin D required to maintain a serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25OHD) concentration >25 nmol/l, a threshold that is regarded internationally as defining the risk of rickets and osteomalacia. Longitudinal evidence was also provided on summer sunlight exposure required to maintain 25OHD levels above this threshold in people living in the British Isles (latitude 51°–57°N). Data obtained from multi-level modelling of these longitudinal datasets showed that UVB exposure (i.e. season) was the major contributor to changes in 25OHD levels; this was a consistent finding in two Caucasian groups in the north and south of the UK, but was less apparent in the one group of British women of South Asian origin living in the south of the UK. The FSA-funded research suggested that the typical daily intake of vitamin D from food contributed less than UVB exposure to average year-round 25OHD levels in both Caucasian and Asian women. The low vitamin D status of Asian women has been acknowledged for some time, but the limited seasonal variation in Asian women is a novel finding. The Workshop also considered the dilemma of balancing the risks of vitamin D deficiency (from lack of skin exposure to sunlight in summer) and skin cancer (from excessive exposure to sunlight with concomitant sunburn and erythema). Cancer Research UK advises that individuals should stay below their personal sunburn threshold to minimise their skin cancer risk. The evidence suggests that vitamin D can be produced in summer at the latitude of the UK, with minimal risk of erythema and cell damage, by exposing the skin to sunlight for a short period at midday, when the intensity of UVB is at its daily peak. The implications of the new data were discussed in the context of dietary reference values for vitamin D for the general population aged 4–64 years. Future research suggestions included further analysis of the three FSA-funded studies as well as new research.

scholarly journals Vitamin D Deficiency in Brazil: Questions about Potential Causes and Clinical Characteristics*

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (01) ◽  
pp. 026-032
Author(s):  
Fabrícia Belloni dos Santos Vieira ◽  
Ana Paula Morguete Ferreira ◽  
Felipe Rezende Giacomelli ◽  
Lívia Gonçalves de Lima ◽  
Thiago Santos Hirose ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Bone Mineralization ◽  
Ultraviolet B ◽  
Uvb Radiation ◽  
Tropical Country ◽  
Apparent Contradiction ◽  
Classical Function

AbstractVitamin D is a micronutrient essential to various systems from the human body, and it is not restricted to the classical function of bone mineralization. Its synthesis is mainly related to ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation exposure. Although Brazil is a tropical country with high levels of UVB radiation, counter-intuitively, a large number of Brazilians present vitamin D deficiency, which is also a worldwide issue. This review aims to approach clinical features and explore potential causes for this apparent contradiction through questions that could explain vitamin D deficiency in the Brazilian population.

Vitamin D Deficiency and Intoxication - A concern either way

JMS SKIMS ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 40-42
Author(s):  
Muzafar Maqsood Wani ◽  
Imtiaz Ahmed Wani
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Cell Growth ◽  
Bone Turnover ◽  
Secondary Hyperparathyroidism ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Bone Mineralization ◽  
Normal Blood ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Calcium And Phosphorus ◽  
Biologic Function

Major biologic function of activated vitamin D is to maintain normal blood levels of calcium and phosphorus, thus regulating bone mineralization. Research suggests that vitamin D may help in immunomodulation, regulating cell growth and 1,4 differentiation as well as some diverse unspecified functions. Overt vitamin D deficiency leads to hypocalcaemia, secondary hyperparathyroidism and increased bone turnover, which in prolonged and severe cases may cause rickets in children and osteomalacia in elderly.... JMS 2011;14(2):40-42

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