scholarly journals Evaluation De L’activité Anthelminthique Des Extraits Aqueux De Striga Hermonthica (Del.) Benth Et Ceratotheca Sésamoïdes Endl Sur Deux Stades Biologiques De Haemonchus Contortus

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Amadou Dicko ◽  
Almamy Konate ◽  
Arnaud S. R. Tapsoba ◽  
L. D. Dahourou ◽  
Moumouni Sanou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Haemonchus Contortus ◽  
Gastrointestinal Nematodes ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Striga Hermonthica ◽  
Ovicidal Activity ◽  
Egg Hatching ◽  
Extract Concentration ◽  
Extraits Aqueux

Medicinal plants with anthelmintic properties are an alternative to the chemical fight against small ruminant’s gastrointestinal nematodes. In order to broaden the spectrum of medicinal plants with anthelmintic properties, ovicidal activity and L3 larvae exsheathment of C. sesamoïdes Endl and S. hermonthica (Deli) Benth, aqueous extracts has been done on H contortus egg and L3 larvae. Three concentrations, 3.12 mg / ml, 6.25 mg / ml, 12.5 mg / ml of each plant extract were used to assess the inhibition of fresh egg hatching and larval paralysis as well as the 'inhibition of L3 larvae exsheathment. A negative control (PBS1x) and a positive control (levamisole, 2.5 mg / ml) were constituted for the fresh egg hatching inhibition assessment while only the negative control (PBS1x) was constituted to evaluate the inhibition of L3 Larvae exsheathment.1 ml of each concentration was contacted with 1 ml of the egg solution and then incubated for 48 hours at 27 ° C in petri dishes (60X15 Cm) for hatching test inhibition.1 ml of each extract concentration was contacted with 1 ml of the embryonated egg solution after 24 hours of incubation at 27 ° C for the larval paralysis test.

scholarly journals DAYA OVISIDAL DAN LARVISIDAL INFUSA DAUN BAMBU APUS (Gigantochloa apus)TERHADAP HAEMONCHUS CONTORTUS SECARA IN VITRO

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 95
Author(s):  
Budi Purwo Widiarso ◽  
Wisnu Nurcahyo ◽  
Kurniasih Kurniasih ◽  
Joko Prastowo
Keyword(s):  
Haemonchus Contortus ◽  
Gastrointestinal Nematodes ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Egg Hatching ◽  
Leaf Analysis ◽  
Bamboo Leaves ◽  
In Vitro Examination

Gastrointestinal Nematodes are one among cause decrease production efificiency in goat and sheep in Indonesia, especially parasite of abomasum namely Haemonchus contortus. This parasite causes disease of Haemonchosis causing anemia, and causes mortality to young goat or sheep. Loss of economics caused by high morbidity and  mortality this parasite so that can improve the expense of prevention and medication of this disease. This research aim was to evaluate ovicidal and larvicidal apus bamboo leaf infusion (Gigantochloa apus) against Haemonchus contortus by in vitro. Examination of apus bamboo leaves infusion to seven concentrations namely : 1.2; 1.0; 0.8,; 0.6; 0.4; 0.2;0.1; 0.05 and 0 mg / ml as negative control. Positive control uses Albendazole with concentration 0,025 mg / ml. The highest concentration 1.2 mg / ml apus bamboo leaves infusion   inhibited 92.35% egg hatching ( LC 0.49 mg / ml ) and have larvicidal activity equal to 90% ( LC50 0,47mg / ml). The concentration 1.2 mg / ml also have similar effect with positive control which use Albendazole. Phytochemical apus  bamboo leaf analysis of the highest concentration revealed the presence  tanin condensed, saponins, and alkaloids.

scholarly journals In Vitro Anthelminthic Efficacy of Hypoestes forskaolii (Vahl) R.Br (Acanthaceae) Extracts on Gastrointestinal Nematodes of Sheep

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Massimiliano D’Ambola ◽  
Antonio Bosco ◽  
Andrea Ariano ◽  
Laura Rinaldi ◽  
Ammar Bader ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Nematodes ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Egg Hatching ◽  
Egg Hatch ◽  
Faecal Samples ◽  
Nematode Eggs ◽  
Ovicidal Effects

The anthelminthic efficacy of the crude extracts of Hypoestes forskaolii (Vahl) R.Br (Acanthaceae) against gastrointestinal nematodes (GIN) in sheep was investigated using the in vitro egg hatch inhibition assay. Faecal samples were collected from sheep with naturally occurring infection of GIN (Trichostrongylus spp., Chabertia ovina, Cooperia spp., Haemonchus contortus and Teladorsagia spp.). Crude leaf extracts of H. forskaolii was obtained using increasing polarity solvents: n-hexane, chloroform, chloroform:methanol 9:1, methanol. Thiabendazole (0.2 µg/mL and 0.5 µg/mL) was used as a positive control and untreated GIN eggs in deionised water served as the negative control. All the extracts exhibited a weak ovicidal activity against GIN (less than 50% of egg hatch). Noteworthy, the n-hexane extract showed a percentage of inhibition of egg hatching greater than other extracts inhibiting the 30.8% at the concentration of 1 mg/mL showing a dose-dependent effect on nematode eggs hatching. Further studies are needed to investigate the effects of extracts used and to evaluate the ovicidal effects of other extracts of H. forskaolii.

In vitro activity of essential oils of free and nanostructured Melaleuca alternifolia and of terpinen-4-ol on eggs and larvae of Haemonchus contortus

2015 ◽  
Vol 90 (3) ◽  
pp. 377-382 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.H. Grando ◽  
M.F. de Sá ◽  
M.D. Baldissera ◽  
C.B. Oliveira ◽  
M.E. de Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Haemonchus Contortus ◽  
Gastrointestinal Nematodes ◽  
Melaleuca Alternifolia ◽  
Egg Hatching ◽  
Promising Line ◽  
New Compounds ◽  
Eggs And Larvae ◽  
Production Losses

AbstractHaemonchus contortus is one of the major gastrointestinal nematodes responsible for significant economic and production losses of sheep. Diseases caused by this species lack effective anthelmintic products, and the search for new compounds to replace synthetic anthelmintics has been extensive. The present investigation assesses the in vitro activity of the essential oil of melaleuca (Melaleuca alternifolia), both free (TTO) and nanostructured (nanoTTO), and terpinen-4-ol (terp-4-ol) on eggs and larvae of H. contortus. Tests of egg hatching (EHT) and inhibition of larval migration (LMIT) were used to assess the in vitro efficacy of TTO, nanoTTO and terp-4-ol. Using EHT, at a concentration of 3.5 mg/ml, 100% inhibition occurred using TTO and terp-4-ol, with LC50 values of 0.43 and 0.63 mg/ml, and LC90 values of 1.75 mg/ml and 3.12 mg/ml, respectively. NanoTTO had lower activity, with 82.6% inhibition at the same concentration. Using LMIT, TTO and nanoTTO had a similar activity with 88.0% and 84.8% inhibition, respectively, at a concentration of 56 mg/ml. Terp-4-ol had a greater effect on larvae, with 85.7% inhibition at a concentration of 56 mg/ml and 82.4% at 3.5 mg/ml, demonstrating high activity at the lowest concentration tested. Therefore, the results indicate that all substances tested showed ovicidal and larvicidal activity against H. contortus. TTO, terp-4-ol and, mainly, nanoTTO may be targeted in in vivo studies, besides being a promising line of research into the control and treatment of veterinary important helminths.

scholarly journals Biological Effect of Leaf Aqueous Extract ofCaesalpinia pyramidalisin Goats Naturally Infected with Gastrointestinal Nematodes

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Robson Borges-dos-Santos ◽  
Jorge A. López ◽  
Luciano C. Santos ◽  
Farouk Zacharias ◽  
Jorge Maurício David ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Anthelmintic Activity ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Gastrointestinal Nematodes ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Immunological Parameters ◽  
Fecal Egg Count ◽  
Leaf Aqueous Extract ◽  
The Mean

Forty-eight goats naturally infected with gastrointestinal nematodes were randomly divided into four groups (n=12): negative control (G1) (untreated), positive control (G2) (treated with doramectin, 1 mL/50 Kg b.w.), and G3 and G4 treated with 2.5 and 5 mg/Kg b.w. of a leaf aqueous extract ofCaesalpinia pyramidalis(CP). Fecal and blood samples were regularly collected for the evaluation of fecal egg count (FEC), hematological and immunological parameters to assess the anthelmintic activity. In treated animals with CP, there was noted a significant reduction of 54.6 and 71.2% in the mean FEC (P<0.05). An increase in IgA levels was observed in G3 and G4 (P<0.05), during the experimental period, suggesting that it was stimulated by the extract administration. In conclusion, the results showed that CP provoked a protective response in infected animals treated with them. This response could be partly explained by the CP chemical composition.

scholarly journals The antifungal effect of roselle calyx extract on Trichophyton rubrum growth in vitro

2012 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-22
Author(s):  
SITA AULIA SARI ◽  
RUBEN DHARMAWAN ◽  
PARAMASARI DIRGAHAYU
Keyword(s):  
Trichophyton Rubrum ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Antifungal Effect ◽  
Inhibition Effect ◽  
Extract Concentration ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Object Of Study ◽  
One Way Anova

Sari SA, Dharmawan R, Dirgahayu P. 2012. The antifungal effect of roselle calyx extract on Trichophyton rubrum growth in vitro. Biofarmasi 10: 17-22. Dermatophytosis is a fungal infection on skin that one of them caused by Trichophyton rubrum. Dermatophytosis treatment by using chemical drugs has many shortcomings, such as a high cost and a drug resistance. Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) calyx content was flavonoid, which have an antifungal effect. Flavonoids on roselle calyx include anthocyanin, gossypeptin (hexahydroxyflavone) 3-glucoside, flavonol glucoside hibiscritin, flavonoid gossypeptin, delphinidine 3-monoglucoside, cyanidin 3-monoglucoside. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of roselle calyx on Trichophyton rubrum growth in vitro. The study was performed as an experimental laboratory. The object of study was T. rubrum. The sample of T. rubrum colonies in this study was taken by a random sampling. The study used T. rubrum colonies on seven Sabouraud Dextrose Agar plates. Each plate had four holes. Each hole was filled by aquadest as a negative control, fluconazole 25 µg/mL as a positive control, and various roselle calyx extract concentrations (10%, 20%, 30%, 40% and 50%). The plates were incubated in an incubator with a temperature of 25oC for 7 days and measured for the diameter of roselle calyx extract inhibition effect. The data were collected and analyzed by One-way ANOVA and Least Significance Difference (LSD) tests on SPSS 16.0 for Windows. The result of One-way ANOVA test showed that there was a difference of inhibition diameter mean among all of the various roselle calyx extract concentration groups (p<0.05). The diameter of roselle calyx extract inhibition effect increased for each concentration up to 50%. The inhibition diameter of positive control compared to 20% roselle calyx extract concentration had no a significant difference. The study was concluded that roselle calyx extract has an antifungal effect to T. rubrum growth in vitro.

scholarly journals Effectiveness Comparison Between Young Leaf Extracts Acacia nilotica with Desmanthus virgatus Against Vermicidal Potency of Haemonchus contortus In-vitro

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 168
Author(s):  
I Gusti Komang Oka Wirawan ◽  
Aholiab Aoetpah ◽  
Jois Moriani Jacob
Keyword(s):  
Haemonchus Contortus ◽  
Immersion Time ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Acacia Nilotica ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Tropical Countries ◽  
Young Leaves ◽  
Mortality Percentage

Acacia nillotica and Desmanthus virgatus are two entopharmacologycal plants that thrives throughout the season in East Nusa Tenggara Province, other Provinces in Indonesia or tropical countries. Extraction of young leaves of Acacia nillotica (EDMAN) and Desmanthus virgatus (EDMDV) contains tannin compound. By pharmacodynamic viewpoint, this extraction has potency as an anthelmintic. Objective: to compare the in-vitro effectivity of young leaves extraction of the two plants as a vermicidal power to combat Haemonchus contortus. Materials: young leaves of Acacia nillotica and Desmanthus virgatus and Haemonchus contortus. Method: The study was grouped into four treatments: EDMAN, EDMDV, Positive control (Albendazole 0,055%) and negative control (aquades).  The concentration of the young leaves extracts are 2.5%, 3.5%, 4.5% out of 0.01 g/mL of extraction. Each treatment was applied to 6 female Haemonchus contortus with four replicates allowing immersion time for 1, 3, 5 or 7 hours. Variable measured and tested was mortality of the H. contortus. The vermicidal effectively was descriptively analysed. The results showed that mortality percentage (vermicidal) treatment of 2.5%, 3.5%, 4.5% EDMAN for 7-hour immersion was 16.7%, 45.8%, 12.5%, respectively. That values for EDMDV for similar concentrations and immersion time was 50%, 33.3%, 12.5%, respectively. Conclusion: EDMDV has a more effective vermicidal power between the two etnopharmacological treatments at 2.5% concentration.

scholarly journals The Potential of Mango (Mangifera infica L.) Peel of Apple Varieties By Infusion And Maceration In Inhibiting Pseudomonas aeruginosa And Propionibacterium acnes

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Vifin Putri Rahmawati ◽  
Chylen Setiyo Rini
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Mangifera Indica ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Extract Concentration ◽  
Potential Test ◽  
Antibacterial Potential

Plants have many chemical components. The use of natural ingredients as an alternative treatment in dealing with diseases, especially acne. One of them is mango (Mangifera indica L.) varieties of apples obtained at the Larangan Main Market in Sidoarjo. This study aims to determine the potential of infusion and maceration of mango skin varieties in inhibiting Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Propionibactrium acne at various concentrations. This antibacterial potential test was carried out using the diffusion method of the wells. The antibacterial potential is characterized by the formation of a clear zone around the well called the inhibition zone. This study uses 10 concentrations namely 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90% and 100% and Clindamycin as positive control and aquades as negative control. Based on the results of the Two Way ANOVA test data obtained were not normally distributed, therefore a comparison test was performed using the Kruskal-Wallis test with a sign value (α <0.05). This showed that there were significant differences in the use of various concentrations. The maceration extract concentration of 100% is the best concentration to form a zone of inhibition against P. aeruginosa  of 17.9 mm and P. acne bacteria of 13.2 mm. The results of the infusion extract concentration did not form inhibitory zones in both of P. aeruginosa and P. acnes.

scholarly journals Chemical analyses and evaluation of the anthelmintic effects of Origanum majorana essential oil, in vitro and in vivo studies

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (No. 11) ◽  
pp. 495-505
Author(s):  
A Abidi ◽  
E Sebai ◽  
M Dhibi ◽  
MA Darghouth ◽  
H Akkari
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Adult Worm ◽  
Gastrointestinal Nematodes ◽  
Chemical Analyses ◽  
Ovicidal Activity ◽  
Worm Count ◽  
Egg Hatching ◽  
Egg Hatch ◽  
Different Doses

Because of the development of resistance in helminths against major anthelmintic drugs, the search for alternatives is necessary. Medicinal plants are being studied as an alternative source of anthelmintics against gastrointestinal nematodes. The objective of this study is to analyse the chemical composition and evaluate the anthelmintic efficacy of Origanum majorana essential oil. The determination of the chemical composition by gas chromatography/mass chromatography (GC/MS) revealed that the essential oil was dominated by terpenoids, particularly carvacrol (35.65%) and terpenic hydrocarbons p-cymene (15.82%). The in vitro anthelmintic effects against Haemonchus contortus were assessed by an egg hatch assay (EHA) and an adult worm motility assay (AWMA) compared with the reference drug albendazole. The essential oil showed ovicidal activity at all the tested concentrations (1, 2, 4 and 8 mg/ml) and more than 80% egg hatching inhibition was observed at the highest dose (8 mg/ml). Exposure to 0.5 mg/ml of the essential oil for eight hours induced a 50% inhibition in the worm motility. The in vivo study was performed on H. polygyrus by measuring the egg count reduction (ECR) and adult worm count reduction (AWCR) following the treatment of the animals with different doses (2 000, 4 000 and 5 000 mg/kg) of the plant essential oil, and 22 mg/kg of albendazole as the positive control. The results showed that 5 000 mg/kg of the essential oil inhibited the egg count and adult worm count by 76.3 and 74.0%, respectively, seven days post treatment. These findings support the possible use of O. majorana essential oil to control gastrointestinal nematodes.

scholarly journals ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF MIANA LEAF ESTRACT (Coleus atropurpereus) ON Steptococcus aureus

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Anita Anita ◽  
Mujahidah Basarang ◽  
Rahmawati Rahmawati
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Laboratory Observation ◽  
Extract Concentration ◽  
Observation Method ◽  
The One ◽  
Growth Of Bacteria

                                               ABSTRACTMiana leaf(Coleus atrropurpureus) is the one of biofarmacology plant which using for antibacterial activity.Miana leaf contains flavonoid, tanin, saponin  which can inhibit growth of bacteria. The aims this research were study antibacterial activity of miana leaf extract on Streptococcus aureus.This research used laboratory observation method which used miana leaf extract concentration 250 mg/ml, 125 mg/ml,  62.5 mg/ml, 31,25 mg/ml, and 15,625 mg/ml. This research used tetracylin for positive control and aquadest for negative control which growth 0n 37o C  used difusion agar method. The results showed antibactrila activity  miana leaf  extract with a concentration 250 mg/ml with inhibition zone 0.00 mm, 125 mg/ml with inhibition zone 0,00 mm, 62,5 mg/ml with inhibition zone 0,00 mm, 31,25 mg/ml with inhibition zone 0,00 mm, and 15,62 mg/ml with inhibition zone 0,00 mm. For positive control showed inhibition zone 27,6 mm and negative control with inhibition zone 0,00 mm. Miana leaf extract concentration 250 mg/ml, 125 mg/ml, 62,5 mg/ml, 31,25 mg/ml and 15,62 mg/ml were not effectively inhibit Streptococcus sp.

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