scholarly journals Are push and pull factors for entrepreneurship and brain drain same? Perception of students and professionals

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-86
Author(s):  
Dr. Uzma Munawar ◽  
Dr. Fariha Gul ◽  
Dr. Shaista Noreen
Keyword(s):  
Career Choice ◽  
Brain Drain ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Interview Schedule ◽  
Self Employment ◽  
Control Brain ◽  
Sample Data ◽  
Push And Pull ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Day By Day

Brain drain has gained attention since past few decades, this phenomenon is very apparent in Pakistan as number of people applying for immigration is increasing day by day. Although there are many measures that can be taken to reduce the process, however the best one in current local scenario is developing a safe and sound entrepreneurial niche. This study aims to provide causes of brain drain and preventive measures for this. Secondary aim of the study is to identify opinion of respondents about significance for using self-employment opportunities as solution for slowing the process of brain drain. Third this study will try to examine the relationship between factors causing brain drain and barriers preventing self-employment as career choice. Sample of the study was divided into two strata. First group consisted of 25 respondents from five high-notch professions including medicine and engineering. Second part of the sample was 20 students from doctoral (PhD), masters, medicine and engineering classes. A self developed instrumentwas be used to collect data. It is a semi-structured interview schedule for taking responses of first two segments of sample. Data was analyzed by using thematic analysis to achieve objectives of the study. It is evident that factors that are causing brain drain are almost same as those serving as barrier for adopting entrepreneurship as career choice. The officials can control brain drain by establishing entrepreneurial niche.

scholarly journals Farmers’ perception of beneficial effects and limitations of vermicompost

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-25
Author(s):  
Md Shiduzzaman ◽  
Humyra Akhter ◽  
Mohammad Bashir Ahmed ◽  
Md Matiul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Training Experience ◽  
Interview Schedule ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Significant Negative Relationship ◽  
Spss Software ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Day By Day ◽  
Scale Data

Vermicompost is very useful manure which is becoming popular day by day. However, its perception by the farmers is not yet assessed in the southwestern region of Bangladesh. The main objectives of this study were to determine the farmers’ perception of beneficial effects and limitations of vermicompost and to explore the relationship between selected characteristics of the farmers’ and their perception of beneficial effects and limitations of vermicompost. Data were collected using an interview schedule from randomly selected 60 respondents. Locale was three villages namely Lokhpur, Bollokhpur and Vobna under Fakirhat upazila of Bagerhat district. Faceto- face interview was conducted during 7 to 29 May, 2016. Farmers’ perception regarding the beneficial effects and limitations of vermicompost was measured using 5- point Likert type scale. Data were analyzed using SPSS software and farmers’ perception index was calculated. Majority (66.7 percent) of the respondents had moderate perception while 18.3 percent and 15 percent of them had less and high perception, respectively, on the beneficial effects and limitations of vermicompost. Among seven selected characteristics of the respondents, age showed a significant negative relationship with their perception of beneficial effects and limitations of vermicompost while training experience of the respondents showed a significant positive relationship with their overall perception. Thus, arrangement of training could pave the way of high perception of beneficial effects and limitations of vermicompost.Res. Agric., Livest. Fish.5(1): 19-25, April 2018

scholarly journals Effect of rural-urban migrants’ remittances on arable crop production in Delta State, Nigeria

2015 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-59
Author(s):  
Albert Ofuoku
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Farm Households ◽  
Interview Schedule ◽  
Self Employment ◽  
Urban Migrants ◽  
Arable Crop ◽  
Household Farm ◽  
Study Questionnaire

This study was conducted in Delta State, Nigeria, to investigate the effect of rural-urban remittances on arable crop production. Twenty percent (20%) of the registered arable crop farmers in Delta State were selected to arrive at 131 respondents for the study. Questionnaire and structured interview schedule were used to collect data from the respondents. Descriptive and inferential statistics and contingency tables were used to treat the collected data. It was discovered that most (69.5%) of rural-urban migrants were in the 11-30 age bracket. The remittances from rural farm households were far higher than the remittances from rural-urban migrants. The little remittances from the rural-urban migrants were added to the funds of the rural farm household, farm labour and inputs. The remittances from rural-urban migrants did not make any meaningful contribution to arable crop production. It was recommended that governments should make the rural areas attractive to young school learners/graduates, embark on enlightenment programme to expose the youths to agriculture related self-employment opportunities in the rural areas; and create enabling environment for the youths to operate as self-employed individuals in the rural areas.

scholarly journals Use of Knowledge System in the Rural Community in Improving Livelihood Status of the Farmers under RDRS

1970 ◽  
pp. 167-172
Author(s):  
MS Islam ◽  
ME Uddin ◽  
MU Rashid
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Rural Community ◽  
Knowledge System ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Annual Income ◽  
Interview Schedule ◽  
Organizational Participation ◽  
Sample Data ◽  
Use Of Knowledge ◽  
The Relationship

The study was focused to determine the extent of use of knowledge system in improving livelihood status of the farmers. The relationship between selected characteristics of the farmers and extent of use of knowledge system in improving their livelihood status was also explored. The study was conducted in Raipur Union of Thakurgaon Sadar Upazila under Thakurgaon District. The population of the study was 146 and seventy percent of the population was selected at random and as such 101 farmers were selected as sample. Data were collected through interview schedule by the researcher himself during 07 February to 28 March 2004. The majority (69 percent) of the respondents possessed medium extent of knowledge while 17 percent low and 14 percent possessed high extent of knowledge on livelihood. Out of thirteen selected characteristics of the respondents level of literacy, farm size, and annual income, farming and living expenditure, innovativeness, communication exposure, cosmopoliteness, organizational participation, aspiration and fatalism had positive significant relationship with the extent of use of knowledge system in improving livelihood status. Key words: Information system, livelihood status, farmers. DOI = 10.3329/jard.v5i1.1474 J Agric Rural Dev 5(1&2), 167-172, June 2007

scholarly journals Academic Freedom and Educational Responsibility in Malaysian Higher Institutions of Learning

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Che Noraini Hashim ◽  
Syed Marwan Mujahid Syed Azman ◽  
Sharifah Nur Asmaa’ Syed Azman
Keyword(s):  
Academic Freedom ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Interview Schedule ◽  
Main Challenge ◽  
Academic Responsibility ◽  
Strong Positive Relationship ◽  
Constructive Criticism ◽  
The Government ◽  
Higher Institutions ◽  
The Relationship

New challenges of academic freedom and educational responsibility in Malaysian higher institutions of learning had been of great concern to all parties alike. However, academic freedom needs to be accompanied by educational responsibility. In Malaysia, serious research regarding academic freedom and academic responsibility, is yet to be undertaken. This paper identifies the relationship between academic freedom and educational responsibility; highlights major challenges faced by academicians in exercising academic freedom, and analyses responses from academicians. In addition, the paper suggests some improvements to the current practices of academic freedom in Malaysian higher institutions of learning. A semi-structured interview schedule was designed to gain insight on academic freedom and educational responsibility from randomly selected senior academicians attached to three Malaysian universities. Findings show that there exists a strong positive relationship between academic freedom and educational responsibility. Respondents also perceived that the regulations and restrictions imposed upon academicians did not act as obstacles to voice opinions, if the regulations and restrictions were taken positively and are used as measures to exercise academic responsibility. Their perceptions suggest that the main challenge faced by academicians comes, perhaps, from their own fears and inhibitions. The prognosis is that academic freedom in Malaysian universities can be realized by students and academicians alike, if they express their views within certain limitations; but the society and the government should be more tolerant and be receptive to constructive criticism.   Abstrak   Cabaran baharu kebebasan akademik dan tanggungjawab pendidikan dalam institusi pengajian tinggi di Malaysia memang diberi perhatian oleh pelbagai golongan.  Bagaimana pun, kebebasan akademik perlulah disertai oleh tanggungjawab pendidikan.  Di Malaysia, kajian yang serius tentang kebebasan akademik dan tanggungjawab pendidikan, masih belum lagi dilaksanakan.  Kertas ini mengenalpasti hubungan antara kebebasan akademik dan tanggungjawab pendidikan; menjelaskan cabaran besar yang dihadapi oleh ahli akademi dalam melaksanakan kebebasan akademik, dan menganalisa respons mereka. Tambahan lagi, kertas ini mencadangkan beberapa penambahbaikan dalam amalan kebebasan akademik semasa di institusi pengajian tinggi di Malaysia.   Satu jadual temubual separa berstruktur telah dibina untuk mendalam pandangan beberapa tenaga akademik senior daripada tiga universiti yang dipilih secara rawak tentang kebebasan akademik dan tanggungjawab pendidikan.  Hasil kajian menunjukkan wujud hubungan positif yang kuat antara kebebasan akademik dan tanggungjawab pendidikan.  Responden juga berpendapat bahawa peraturan dan batasan-batasan yang disyaratkan ke atas ahli akademik tidak menjadi halangan bagi menyuarakan pandangan, jika ia diterima secara positif dan digunakan sebagai langkah-langkah bagi tanggungjawab akademik.  Pada pandangan mereka cabaran paling utama yang dihadapi oleh ahli akademik timbul mungkin, daripada perasaan dan batasan mereka sendiri.   Prognosisnya ialah kebebasan akademik di university di Malaysia boleh direalisasikan oleh kedua-dua mahasiswa dan ahli akademik, jika mereka mengungkapkan pandangan mereka dalam batasaan tertentu;  tetapi masyarakan dan kerajaan wajar bersikap lebih toleran dan menerima kritikan yang membina  

Self-Employment as a Career Choice: Attitudes, Entrepreneurial Intentions, and Utility Maximization

2002 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 81-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evan J. Douglas ◽  
Dean A. Shepherd
Keyword(s):  
Career Choice ◽  
Conjoint Analysis ◽  
Utility Maximization ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intentions ◽  
Work Effort ◽  
Self Employment ◽  
Significant Relationships ◽  
People’S Attitudes ◽  
The Relationship

This paper investigates the relationship between career choice and people's attitudes toward income, independence, risk, and work effort. Entrepreneurs are often described in terms of the strength or weakness of their attitudes in these dimensions. Conjoint analysis was used to determine the significance and nature of these attitudes in choosing one Job over another. We also investigated the effect these attitudes have on the intention to start one's own business. Significant relationships were found between the utility expected from a job and the independence, risk, and income it offered. Similarly, the strength of intention to become self-employed was significantly related to the respondents' tolerance for risk and their preference for independence.

scholarly journals The Role of Employees Empowerment Strategy in Crisis Management: Applied Study in Public Company of Electrical Industrial

Webology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 1345-1354
Author(s):  
L. Majid Mohammed Saeed ◽  
Mahmood Hasan Jumaah ◽  
L. Hamza Hameed Yasseen
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Information Sharing ◽  
Crisis Management ◽  
Statistical Tools ◽  
Self Employment ◽  
Applied Study ◽  
Public Company ◽  
Sample Data ◽  
The Relationship

The current research aims to test the relationship linkage and the effect between the employees empowerment strategy and crisis management, the problem of the research is the role of employees empowerment strategy in crisis management in the state company of electrical industry. A questionnaire was used in data collection depending on the distribution of (58) questionnaire to the research sample. Data were analyzed using (SPSS) program. Using a number of statistical tools to test the research hypothesis. The research came out with a set of conclusions, one of the most important thinks was that there is a linkage and impact relation between employees empowerment strategy, it's variables (Information sharing, Freedom and autonomy, Replace hierarchical structure with self-employment teams) and crisis management as a whole. The research came out with many suitable recommendations.

scholarly journals The Impact of Traditional Homestead Vegetable Cultivation on the Improvement of Livelihood of Rural Women in Bangladesh

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 242-254
Author(s):  
Aysha Akter ◽  
Nobaya Ahmad ◽  
Thahamina Bagum ◽  
Md Monirul Islam ◽  
Mohammad Mizanur Rahma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Women ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Interview Schedule ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Cultivation Practices ◽  
Correlation Tests ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Vegetable Cultivation

The aim of the study was to determine the level of acceptability of traditional homestead vegetable cultivation practices by rural women in the northeastern parts of Bangladesh and its impact on their livelihood. A structured interview schedule was applied to collect data. Data were collected from 100 women from two villages of South Surma Upazila in the Sylhet district and correlation tests were conducted to examine the relationship between the relevant dependent and independent variables. The results showed that 68% of rural women had a moderately favourable opinion of vegetable cultivation regarding changes in the livelihood of rural women, while 20% had low opinion and 12% had high opinion of traditional homestead vegetable practices. The majority (59%) of the women had moderately adopted traditional homestead vegetable cultivation practices compared to 24% who had adopted them little and 17% who had adopted them highly. Computed (r) values indicate that education, homestead area, family income, knowledge of homestead vegetable cultivation, availability of credit, and exposure of the rural women to communication had a significantly positive relationship to their attitudes to changes in livelihood.

scholarly journals Modeling and Analysis on Teacher-Student Relationship

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Li Xu ◽  
Qi Yang
Keyword(s):  
Discrete Model ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Reciprocal Relations ◽  
Modeling And Analysis ◽  
Teacher Student ◽  
Teacher Student Relationship ◽  
Sample Data ◽  
Teachers And Students ◽  
Student Relationship ◽  
The Relationship

Although the teacher-student relationship has been addressed in some studies, the cooperation or reciprocal relations between teachers and students have not been explored sufficiently. In this paper, a difference equation model is applied to express the relationship, stability analysis at the positive steady state of the discrete model is done to verify that the performance output is not empty, and hypothesis testing is conducted to show the validity of the model by means of sample data from a college. Then some reasonable suggestions are proposed to improve the performance output of teachers and students.

Diagnostic grammar and assessment: translating criteria into questions

1989 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lee N. Robins
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Criteria ◽  
Catchment Area ◽  
Predictive Ability ◽  
Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Good Prediction ◽  
Interview Schedule ◽  
Validity Data ◽  
Validity Assessment ◽  
Standardized Interview ◽  
The Relationship

SynopsisThere has been concern about whether standardized psychiatric interviews make valid diagnoses. Agreements between the Diagnostic Interview Schedule (DIS), as an example of a standardized interview, with independent assessments by a clinician are reasonably high in most studies, but the clinical assessment is itself of uncertain validity. Using predictive ability is an alternative way of judging validity. Data are presented to show that the DIS is almost as good at prediction as a clinician's assessment, but here too there are problems. Because prediction is probabilistic (i.e. the same disorder can have multiple outcomes, and different disorders can share outcomes), it is not possible to say how good prediction has to be to demonstrate perfect validity.Across varied methods of validity assessment, some disorders are regularly found more validly diagnosed than others, suggesting that part of the source of invalidity lies in the diagnostic grammar of the systems whose criteria standardized interviews evaluate. Sources of invalidity inherent in the content and structure of a variety of diagnoses in DSM-III and its heir, DSM-III-R, are reviewed and illustrated, in part with results from the Epidemiological Catchment Area study.The relationship between diagnostic criteria and standardized interviews is symbiotic. While attempts to adhere closely to existing diagnostic criteria contribute to the diagnostic accuracy of standardized interviews, the exercise of translating official diagnostic criteria into standardized questions highlights problems in the system's diagnostic grammar, enabling standardized interviews to contribute to improvements in diagnostic nosology.

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