scholarly journals An Empirical Analysis on India’s Food Grain Cultivation, Production and Yield in Pre & Post Globalisation

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
M Chitra ◽  
Chinnasamy Agamudai Nambi Malarvizhi
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Quadratic Model ◽  
Annual Growth Rate ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Food Grain ◽  
Linear Growth Model ◽  
Breakeven Point

Globalization is, directly and indirectly, contributing to its effect in all sectors of an economy. The agricultural sector is not exempted from the effect of change due to globalization as a component of the primary sector and a prime sector for human survival needs. The status of self-sufficient in the production of food grain will lead a nation to make a walk of pride among the other member globally. India is an agro-economy. In other words, agriculture is the backbone of the Indian economy. So the production of food grain and its cultivation and yield should be normally high to meet out the demand of a growing population. Also, with the implementation of a policy of globalization, there might be some change in cultivation, production, and yield of food grains in India. In this paper, an attempt was made to examine/ identify the change in area under cultivation, yield, and production by using the secondary sources of data from 1970 to 2017. The selected breakeven point of time was 1991-1992. The annual growth rate pictured the change in a particular point of time; the linear and quadratic model gave the growth over the period selected for the study, and dummy used regression model presented the difference in structural change. AGR results dominated by the negative growth rate; the linear growth model for production depicts that 3.6 percentage of tons of production will be move when a year moves upward. The area under cultivation is deteriorating in AGR, and other models used gave a weakness in explanatory level concerning time for the area under cultivation of food grain. Regarding the obtained results for yield reflect that a positive change exists after globalization, even though a reduction in area under cultivation.

The Status and Prospects of Energy in China to 2005

1989 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 306-316
Author(s):  
Zhou Feng Qi
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Annual Growth Rate ◽  
Oil Development ◽  
The Status ◽  
Offshore Oil ◽  
World Ranking

China's principal indigenous energy resources are: coal 800 billion tonne, hydroelectricity potential 680 GW, petroleum 60-80 billion tonne and large reserves of natural gas. Modernization of the country since 1949 has resulted in a 10% annual growth rate in the production of fossil fuels and hydroelectricity to make China third in a world ranking (912 Mtce in 1987). Forecasts for consumption in the next century are based on quadrupling industrial and agricultural production. Total demand is expected to be as high as 1450 Mtce. Coal will remain the chief source and by then nuclear is expected to contribute. Offshore oil development is receiving much attention and foreign partners are sought for its development.

scholarly journals EVALUASI DAMPAK MAKRO PROGRAM GERTAK TANPA DUSTA DI KABUPATEN TANJUNG JABUNG TIMUR PROVINSI JAMBI

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 73
Author(s):  
Nida Kemala ◽  
Rogayah Rogayah
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
The Real ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
Real Gdp ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Difference

ABSTRACTThis research was undertaken in East Tanjung Jabung Regency, Jambi Province that focusing on a description of Gross Domestic Product (GDP), contribution of agricultural sector to its GDP, the difference of GDP of agricultural sector, and its contribution difference before and after the implementation of the program called Gerakan Serentak Taman Padi Dua Kali Setahun (Gertak Tanpa Dusta). These regions is one of sample determined by purposive sampling method which by considering that the Gertak Tanpa Dusta program was held in this area.The research results showed that both nominal and real GDP in Tanjabtim Regency had the same fact as GDP of agricultural sector one. Both of them showed an increase by the fluctuating growth rate. Both GDP were continues to rise in 2010 -2016 that followed by the slow down rate in 2015. Globally the nominal GDP of agricultural sector has grown 4,21 % since 2011 become 8,94 % in 2016, and its highest growth showed in 2014 as 9,67 % . It also showed that there was a significant difference between before and after the provision of this program Gertak Tanpa Dusta of both real and nominal GDP of agricultural sector.While the GDP of agricultural sector was rise significantly, in contrary the agricultural contribution was not follow alredy. In this case the contribution of nominal GDP had no significant difference and the real GDP showed decrease followed by significant difference between before and after the program.Keyword : Effect,GDP,Pady, ProgramABSTRAKPenelitian dilaksanakan di Kabupaten Tanjung Jabung Timur, Provinsi Jambi dengan fokus kajian menyangkut gambaran perkembangan Produk Domestik Regional Bruto, perkembangan kontribusi sektor pertanian terhadap Produk Domestik Bruto, perbedaan kontribusi sektor pertanian terhadap PDRB dan perbedaan Produk Domestik Regional Bruto tahun 2010-2017 sebelum dan sesudah pelaksanaan program. Wilayah ini menjadi sampel yang ditentukan secara sengaja (purposive sampling) dengan pertimbangan bahwa di Provinsi Jambi, program Gertak Tanpa Dusta hanya dilaksanakan di Kabupaten ini. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa PDRB tingkat Kabupaten Tanjabtim senada dengan perkembangan PDRB sektor pertanian yang juga menunjukkan peningkatan dengan pertumbuhan yang berfluktuasi. PDRB sektor pertanian terus meningkat pada 2010 -2016 dengan laju yang menurun pada tahun 2015. Secara keseluruhan pertumbuhan PDRB harga konstan sektor pertanian meningkat sejak tahun 2011 (4,21%) menjadi 8,94% pada tahun 2016 dengan pertumbuhan tertinggi pada tahun 2014 (9,67%). Pada kedua kondisi baik harga berlaku maupun harga konstan PDRB sektor pertanian sebelum dan sesudah adanya program Gertak Tanpa Dusta menunjukkan perbedaan yang signifikan. Pada perubahan PDRB sektor pertanian yang meningkat signifikan tidak diikuti dengan perubahan kontribusi yang nyata. Dalam hal ini tidak menunjukkan berbedaan kontribusi sektor pertanian antara sebelum dan sesudah adanya Gertak Tanpa Dusta pada harga konstan sedangkan pada harga berlaku terlihat penurunan kontribusi yang signifikan.Kata Kunci: Dampak, PDRB, Padi,Program

scholarly journals Sustaining Crop Production in Rainfed Areas in India: Issues and Strategies

2020 ◽  
pp. 154-173
Author(s):  
Raj Singh ◽  
Anchal Dass ◽  
V. K. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Grain Production ◽  
Rainfed Agriculture ◽  
Livestock Population ◽  
The World ◽  
Production Technologies ◽  
Food Grain

The Agriculture sector plays an important role in the Indian Economy. Besides assuring the food grain security to nearly 1350 million (m) human population and fodder security to 512.05 m livestock population of the country, it contributes about 16% of total GDP, 12.5% of total export, and provides employment to over 50% total workforce of the country. Owing to the introduction of improved production technologies, expansion of irrigation facilities, increase the use of synthetic inputs, popularization of the technologies, implementation of policies for the agricultural development and greater investment in agricultural sector, food grain output in the country increased from 51.8 million tons (m.t) in 1950-51 to 285.01 m t in 2018-19. The growth rate of food grain production for the period between 2010-11 and 2017-18 was almost double the population growth rate. Despite the overwhelming growth in food grain production, market size, availability of improved production technologies and being the front ranking producer of many crops in the world, Indian agriculture is still facing several challenges, which are severely affecting its performance, income, employment and livelihood of the farmers. Rainfed agriculture in India occupies the largest area and the value of the produce in the world. It accounts for nearly 52% of the total net cultivated area of the country. Rainfed agriculture must play an important role in food security and sustainability of livelihoods because almost 40% human and 60% livestock population of the country depend on it. But, it is And characterized by unstable yield, dominance of marginal and small operational holdings, occurrence of frequent drought, low income, and lack of regular employment, food insecurity, out migration, malnutrition and poor socio-economic status of the inhabitants of the rainfed regions. In the era of globalization, transformation of subsistence agriculture to commercial agriculture coupled with increase of income higher per unit area is the need of the day to sustain the people’s livelihood in the rainfed regions. Efficient use of rainwater and soil moisture, adoption of improved production technologies of crop production, alternate land use systems (ALUS), integrated farming systems (IFSs), conservation of natural resources and better access to markets are of prime importance not only for enhancing crop production, income and employment, but also to sustain the livelihoods of the farmers under variable climatic condition of the rainfed regions. Hence, efforts have been made to discuss the constraints and improved production technologies, which can be effective to realize higher crop productivity and income from the rainfed agriculture in India.

Growth and Instability Analysis of India’s Food Grain Sector in the Post Liberalisation Period

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jomon Mathew
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Average Rate ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Total Size ◽  
Food Grains ◽  
Production Technologies ◽  
Food Grain ◽  
Increasing Demand

Background: Having a population growing at an annual average rate of 1.2 per cent and more than half of its total size depend on primary sector for their livelihood, agricultural sector occupy significant role in the economy of India. The extent of area, production and productivity of food grains and their instability therefore attracts special attention. The present study thus analyses the performance of agricultural sector in India in terms of trend in growth and instability of area, production and productivity of food grain during the three decades of liberalisation. The specific objectives are (i) to examine the growth rate and instability in area, production and yield of food grains in India and (ii) to explain the decomposing changes in the variability of food grains production in India. Methods: In this field-laboratory investigation during 1990-91 to 2018-19, official secondary data has been utilized. Statistical tools like Least Square Growth Rate, Coefficient of Variation of area, production, and yield etc. have been applied for analysis. Result: The study highlighted that area under food grain cultivation remained almost stagnant. However, the overall food grain production registered growth rate of 2 per cent while the production instability was 15.88 per cent. The trend lines fitted to the production of foodgrains shows positive growth rate. The co-efficient of determination (R2) shows 87 percent for production and 92 percent for productivity which determines scope for further production for India. But in area it shows just 3.9 per cent. The result of the study shows that the production of food grains has increased with due instability during given the time period. It also calls for adopting alternate production technologies which will further improve the productivity of food grains to meet increasing demand from the growing population.

scholarly journals Analysis of Urban Sprawl Dynamics Using Geospatial Technology in Ranchi City, Jharkhand, India

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 7-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Firoz Ahmad ◽  
Laxmi Goparaju
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Urban Sprawl ◽  
Urban Growth ◽  
Large Data ◽  
Annual Growth Rate ◽  
Sustainable Living ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Scales ◽  
The Status ◽  
Northern Side ◽  
The City

Abstract The availability of remote sensing satellite data at various spatial, temporal and spectral resolutions provides enormous opportunity to map the urban sprawl. When coupled with Geographic Information System (GIS) it is possible to evaluate, analyse and integrate large data. We need to understand and quantify the urban sprawl on spatial and temporal scales which forms a basis for better planning and sustainable management of cities and towns. The city of Ranchi has witnessed unprecedented urban growth after assuming the status of a capital of Jharkhand state, India in 2000. The increasing population has put pressure on the natural resources of the city. The urban growth has been in a haphazard manner at the cost of agricultural lands, forest land and open green spaces such as park, garden and recreational forestry. The present study analysed the urban sprawl in Ranchi city, using Landsat data from 1976, 2002 and 2015. The study revealed that the annual urban growth rate was 1.76 ha/yr over the period from 1976 to 2002 whereas the annual growth rate was 2 ha/yr over the period from 2002 to 2015. The northern side of the city has witnessed more expansion in 2002 when compared with the growth in 1976. Increase in urban density was seen at the distances of 3, 4,5,6,7 and 8km between 1976 and 2015 and the rate was higher than 25%.The driving factors of the development were infrastructure, educational and business expansion. Thus, spatial analyses of urban sprawl are a prerequisite for curbing the unplanned urban growth and ensure sustainable living.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF THE COSTS AND RETURNS BETWEEN MAIZE AND CASSAVA BASED FARM ENTERPRISES IN EKITI STATE, NIGERIA: THE ROLE OF THE CHURCH

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 256-263
Author(s):  
T. T. Bello
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Farm Income ◽  
Annual Growth Rate ◽  
Average Growth Rate ◽  
Maize Production ◽  
Average Growth ◽  
Farm Product

The performance of the agricultural sector in Ekiti state despite all the measures taken to improve it has become unsatisfactory. It has become a matter of concern to all and sundry in the agricultural sector in Ekiti state. Available statistics show that the annual growth rate of agricultural component of the gross domestic product (GDP) declined from 9.2% to 2.1% between 1998-2010. Moreso, the average growth rate in maize production of -9.75% is far below the expected 4.14% average growth rate of 3.8% below the average population growth rate of 3.8% per annual. Similarly, the average annum growth rate of maize production is also far below the average growth rate in food demand. Against these backdrops, it become necessary to examine the profitability in maize and maize/cassava farm enterprises in Ekiti state, Nigeria and subsequently make recommendations based on the results of the study. A multistage random sampling was used to select 360 respondents from five local government areas of Ekiti state. Both primary and secondary data were collected for the Study Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, and costs and returns analysis. The results of the study show that both enterprises (i.e. maize and maize/cassava farm enterprises) are not viable. Also, the results reflect that about 75% of the farmers were illiterate with an average family of persons. The recommendations from the results of the study are: (a) the farmers are advised to select farm, then do the farming with the mixture of cassava with the view to enable them significantly increase their level of farm income.  (b) All the participatory members in the agricultural sector should adopt measures to reproduce the cost of farm product.

"Assessment of global halal market : challenges and opportunities"

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 5-23
Author(s):  
Hafiz Wasim Akram ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Annual Growth ◽  
Market Size ◽  
Annual Growth Rate ◽  
Secondary Research ◽  
Compound Annual Growth Rate ◽  
Global Consensus ◽  
The Us ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
The Status

This study presents the status of the burgeoning global halal market, challenges it faces, and opportunities available for stakeholders. The study is based on primary and secondary research, and found that the US$2.1trillion halal market is projected to reach US $3 trillion by the end of 2023 at a compound annual growth rate of 6.11 per cent. The present market size will more than double if Islamic financing is brought under the ambit of the halal market. Though the uncharted territory has a lot of potential to be tapped, it is also afflicted with multifaceted challenges such asa lack of global consensus (ijama).It is recommended that a harmonized system (HS)code-like mechanism be adopted to capture trade figures of products that conform to halal principles.

scholarly journals Impact of Technological Change on Growth and Agricultural Sector in Gujarat State of India: A Time-Series Data Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 144-160
Author(s):  
Shah Nawaz Ashraf ◽  
Ajay K Singh
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Technological Change ◽  
Time Trend ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Gujarat State ◽  
Use Of Technology ◽  
Food Grain ◽  
The Impact

This study assessed the growth rate of commercial and food-grain crops due to technological change in Gujarat. Growth rate model was employed to examine the growth rate of area sown, production and yield of crops. Subsequently, impact of technological change, and other inputs on yield of individual crop was estimated using a Cobb-Douglas production function model. Time trend factor was used as a proxy variable to capture the impact of technological change, and other inputs (i.e., area sown, irrigated area, application of fertilizer, agricultural labors, rural literate population and annual actual rainfall) on yield of crops. Growth rate of cropped area, production and yield of cotton, sugarcane, castor, potato, rice, arhar, maize, gram and wheat crops were seemed positive in Gujarat. Yield of cotton, sugarcane, castor, rice, arhar, maize, bajra, gram, wheat, jowar ragi, potato, groundnut, sesamum, rapeseed&mustard and soyabeans crops was positively associated with time trend factors. Furthermore, the regression coefficient of time trend factor with yield of cotton, tobacco, potato, groundnut, sesamum, rapeseed & mustard, rice, arhar, maize, bajra, gram, wheat, jowar and ragi was reported positive and statistically significant. Hence, the estimates shows that yield of aforesaid crops were improved due to application of technological change in agricultural sector in Gujarat. Several practical policy suggestions are given to increase the use of technology in agricultural sector to improve the growth of major food-grain and commercial crops.

scholarly journals An economic analysis of cost, return and profitability of groundnut across leading states of India

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 278-284
Author(s):  
Prasanna Kolar ◽  
P.K. Awasthi ◽  
Ankita Sahu
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Annual Growth Rate ◽  
Net Income ◽  
Minimum Support ◽  
Support Price ◽  
Cost Of Production ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Cost

The current study was undertaken with the objectives to estimate the dynamics of cost, returns, profitability and break-even production of groundnut across the leading states of India. For that secondary data were collected from Directorate of Economics and Statistics for the period 1996-97 to 2015-16. For statistical analysis tools like relative change, compound growth rate and cuddy della valle index were used. The study found that Cost A1, cost A2, cost B1 and cost C1 of groundnut in Gujarat and cost B2, cost C2 and cost C2 revised in Andhra Pradesh were found to be increased at higher annual growth rate during the study period than any other states. These cost concepts showed high instability for almost all the leading states. Groundnut was more profitable in Gujarat due to higher net income and B:C ratio than other states. Differential yield and the difference between the cost of production and minimum support price were found better among Gujarat and Tamil Nadu states. In other states, the actual yield was lower than break-even and the cost of production was higher than minimum support price leading to the losses for the groundnut growers.

scholarly journals The contribution of Agriculture Sector in the Economy of Afghanistan

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Jawid Muradi ◽  
Ismet Boz
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Marketing Channels ◽  
Export Market ◽  
Annual Growth Rate ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Agriculture Sector ◽  
Trade Account ◽  
Food Needs ◽  
Livestock Products

The purpose of this study is to identify the contribution of agriculture to the Afghanistan economy by examining the experience of 34 provinces as documented in commissioned case studies and various secondary sources (CSO directory, FAO reports, government publications, USAID reports, NGO reports, journals, and websites) for the period 2016 - 2017. Agriculture is the backbone of the Afghan economy, the contributions of agriculture to the country's gross demotic product (GDP) is 23% in 2017, while the labor force engaged in this sector is around 61.6%. The annual growth rate in Afghanistan is predictable 3.6%. Afghanistan produces organic fruits, nuts, grain, vegetables and livestock products including cashmere, skin, wool, and a significant amount of these commodities is moving towards the export market. Agriculture represents about one-quarter of national GDP and is the second largest sector after services. Over the 70 % of the population are poor living in rural areas, and agriculture plays a significant role in their livelihoods. The most Afghan farms are very small, and their productivity is low over the years that farmers produce to satisfy the food needs of their household, with limited agricultural production entering commercial marketing channels and the trade account deficit overall. The GDP including opium was US$ 20.3 billion with GDP per capita of US$ 697. The agricultural sector is entirely run by private enterprises, including farmers, cooperatives, input suppliers, herders, agribusiness processors, and exporters.

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