scholarly journals Solutions to Problems in Learning Tamil

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-109
Author(s):  
T Suba ◽  
K Aji
Keyword(s):  
Oral Reading ◽  
Mother Tongue ◽  
Group Training ◽  
Place Of Birth ◽  
Free Writing ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Individual Training

This review presents the problems that arise when learning Tamil and the solutions for it, which is our mother tongue, and which has been a virgin language for a long time. Solutions to problems in learning can be found through oral training and error free writing training. Oral training should be given through different and  flexible exercises. The speech of the linguist should be an example to eliminate the shortcomings of unedited speech. The difference in the duration of the writing of the characters and the place of birth of a word should be clearly stated through individual training and group training. Writing training plays an important role in providing error & free writing training. Being able to write without error is made possible by clear pronunciation, oral reading, relaxed writing, checking what is written, knowing the rules of grammar etc.

Inter-country inequality as a dynamic process and the problem of post-industrial development

2018 ◽  
pp. 5-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. M. Grigoryev ◽  
V. A. Pavlyushina
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Political Institutions ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Modern World ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Development Level ◽  
The World ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Post Industrial

The phenomenon of economic growth is studied by economists and statisticians in various aspects for a long time. Economic theory is devoted to assessing factors of growth in the tradition of R. Solow, R. Barrow, W. Easterly and others. During the last quarter of the century, however, the institutionalists, namely D. North, D. Wallis, B. Weingast as well as D. Acemoglu and J. Robinson, have shown the complexity of the problem of development on the part of socioeconomic and political institutions. As a result, solving the problem of how economic growth affects inequality between countries has proved extremely difficult. The modern world is very diverse in terms of development level, and the article offers a new approach to the formation of the idea of stylized facts using cluster analysis. The existing statistics allows to estimate on a unified basis the level of GDP production by 174 countries of the world for 1992—2016. The article presents a structured picture of the world: the distribution of countries in seven clusters, different in levels of development. During the period under review, there was a strong per capita GDP growth in PPP in the middle of the distribution, poverty in various countries declined markedly. At the same time, in 1992—2016, the difference increased not only between rich and poor groups of countries, but also between clusters.

Psychology: Volume 5

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
World View ◽  
Science Volume ◽  
Western World ◽  
Mental Life ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Difference ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
Indian Setting ◽  
The Mind ◽  
The Relationship

This survey of research on psychology in five volumes is a part of a series undertaken by the ICSSR since 1969, which covers various disciplines under social science. Volume Five of this survey, Explorations into Psyche and Psychology: Some Emerging Perspectives, examines the future of psychology in India. For a very long time, intellectual investments in understanding mental life have led to varied formulations about mind and its functions across the word. However, a critical reflection of the state of the disciplinary affairs indicates the dominance of Euro-American theories and methods, which offer an understanding coloured by a Western world view, which fails to do justice with many non-Western cultural settings. The chapters in this volume expand the scope of psychology to encompass indigenous knowledge available in the Indian tradition and invite engaging with emancipatory concerns as well as broadening the disciplinary base. The contributors situate the difference between the Eastern and Western conceptions of the mind in the practice of psychology. They look at this discipline as shaped by and shaping between systems like yoga. They also analyse animal behaviour through the lens of psychology and bring out insights about evolution of individual and social behaviour. This volume offers critique the contemporary psychological practices in India and offers a new perspective called ‘public psychology’ to construe and analyse the relationship between psychologists and their objects of study. Finally, some paradigmatic, pedagogical, and substantive issues are highlighted to restructure the practice of psychology in the Indian setting.

scholarly journals Can National Tests from the Last Year of Compulsory School Be Used to Obtain More Detailed Information about Academic Performance in Children Treated for Brain Tumours? A Nationwide, Population-Based Study from Sweden

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 135
Author(s):  
Malin Lönnerblad ◽  
Eva Berglund ◽  
Ingrid van’t Hooft ◽  
Klas Blomgren
Keyword(s):  
Academic Performance ◽  
Oral Reading ◽  
Brain Tumours ◽  
Mother Tongue ◽  
Strong Predictor ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Late Complications ◽  
Age At Diagnosis ◽  
Tumour Grade ◽  
National Tests

Children treated for brain tumours often have late-appearing complications that may affect their school performance. Uneven skill profiles may help reveal late complications that can be compensated for but otherwise remain undetected. We investigated Swedish national school tests of oral, reading and writing skills in the first foreign language (English), the mother tongue (Swedish) and mathematics. Data were obtained from The Swedish Childhood Cancer Registry and Statistics Sweden. The results from 475 children diagnosed with a brain tumour before their 15th birthday and 2197 matched controls showed that children treated for brain tumours evinced more difficulties with national tests than controls in almost all subtests, especially in the subject English, and that they may perform better on oral than written tasks. There were larger differences between female cases and controls than between male cases and controls; age at diagnosis played a significant role for some subtests, whereas tumour grade did not. Missing information from national tests proved to be a strong predictor of poor academic performance. Our results show that regular educational follow-ups, as a complement to neuropsychological follow-ups, are important for all children treated for brain tumours, regardless of sex, age at diagnosis or tumour grade.

LONG‐TIME RESPONSE PREDICTED BY EXACT ELASTIC RAY THEORY

Geophysics ◽  
1965 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 363-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. W. Spencer
Keyword(s):  
Formal Solution ◽  
Intermediate Stage ◽  
Time Limit ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Individual Response ◽  
Axially Symmetric ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Significant Figures

The formal solution for an axially symmetric radiation field in a multilayered, elastic system can be expanded in an infinite series. Each term in the series is associated with a particular raypath. It is shown that in the long‐time limit the individual response functions produced by a step input in particle velocity are given by polynomials in odd powers of the time. For rays which suffer m reflections, the degree of the polynomials is 2m+1. The total response is obtained by summing all rays which contribute in a specified time interval. When the rays are selected indiscriminately, the difference between the magnitude of the partial sum at an intermediate stage of computation and the magnitude of the correct total sum may be greater than the number of significant figures carried by the computer. A prescription is stated for arranging the rays into groups. Each group response function varies linearly in the long‐time limit and goes to zero when convolved with a physically realizable source function.

Study of the Cause of Lost Circulation while Drilling Fractured Carbonates

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexey Ruzhnikov
Keyword(s):  
Success Rate ◽  
Drilling Fluid ◽  
Circulation Zone ◽  
Lost Circulation ◽  
Carbonate Formation ◽  
New Information ◽  
Fractured Carbonate ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Fractured Carbonates

Abstract Fractured carbonate formations are prone to lost circulation, which affects the well construction process and has longtime effect on well integrity. Depending on the nature of losses (either induced or related to local dissolutions) the success rate is different when the induced losses can be cured with a high chance, and the one related to dissolutions may take a long time, and despite multiple attempts, the success rate is normally low. To have a better understanding of the complete losses across the fractured carbonates, a series of studies were initiated. First, to understand the strength of the loss zone, the fracture closing pressure was evaluated studying the fluid level in the annulus and back-calculating the effect of drilling fluid density. Second, the formation properties across the loss circulation zones were studied using microresistivity images, dip data, and imaging of fluid-saturated porous media. The results of the studies brought a lot of new information and explained some previous mysteries. The formation strength across the lost circulation zone was measured, and it was confirmed that it remains constant despite other changes of the well construction parameters. Additionally, it was confirmed that the carbonates are naturally highly fractured, having over 900 fractures along the wellbore. The loss circulation zone was characterized, and it was confirmed that the losses are not related to the fractures but rather to the karst, dissolution, and megafractures. The size and dip of the fractures were identified, and it was proven the possibility to treat them with conventional materials. However, the size of identified megafractures and karst zones exceeding the fractures by 10 times in true vertical depth, and in horizontal wells the difference is even higher due to measured depth. This new information helps to explain the previous unsuccessful attempts with the conventional lost circulation materials. The manuscript provides new information on the fractured carbonate formation characterization not available previously in the literature. It allows to align the subsurface and drilling visions regarding the nature of the losses and further develop the curing mechanisms.

scholarly journals What kind of training is required to help language students use metaphor-based strategies to work out the meaning of new vocabulary?

2004 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 265-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeannette Littlemore
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Language Learners ◽  
Group Training ◽  
Foreign Language Learners ◽  
Language Students ◽  
The Difference

A study is described, which compared the benefits of two different training approaches in the use of metaphor-based vocabulary guessing strategies for foreign language learners. A group-based, step-by-step approach was compared with a more autonomous approach. The findings suggest that the type of training received affects the students' ability to use these strategies, but not their tendency to use them. The students who participated in the autonomous approach were significantly more successful at using metaphor-based vocabulary guessing strategies than the students who had received the group training. The difference was particularly marked in terms of their successful use of interactive images.

scholarly journals Penggunaan Bentuk Sapaan Julukan oleh Masyarakat Desa Rumoong-Lansot

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Boy Lumoindong ◽  
Golda Juliet Tulung ◽  
Christian G. Ranuntu
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Physical State ◽  
Place Of Birth ◽  
Internal Part ◽  
The People ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Major Factors

Nicknaming and its uses in daily communication by the people of Rumoong-Lansot villages are considered as both social and lingual phenomena that have existed since a very long time ago and unconsciously have become the internal part of daily interaction of the people. A well-maintained relationship among the individuals in the society is one of the major factors that endorsed them to address each other by using proper nicknames. No matter old or young people, male or female, wealthy or destitute, indigenous or non indigenous, are all unexceptional unrestrained for nicknaming and employing nicknames between one another.  The results of this research showed that term of nicknames employed by the people of Rumoong-Lansot villages concealed nearly the entire elements of internal linguistics and external linguistics. In term of types, all those nicknames that have been successfully collected and analyzed can be categorized into the following aspects: physical state, home and place of birth, occupation, particular moment, and every other feature that promotes the creation of the nicknames. Generally speaking, every single nickname employed by the people is conditioned to identify one specific member of the society in order to generate a clear and unimpeded sort of communication. Specifically, every single nickname is responsible to provide a distinguished portrayal of any peculiar individual in the society, and even more definite, about his most dominating distinctive characteristics.               

scholarly journals Communication as necessary factor of a collective remembrance of the common life on example of Serbs and Albanians in Kosovo and Metohija

2019 ◽  
pp. 327-339
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Suvakovic
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Cultural Memory ◽  
Mother Tongue ◽  
The Other ◽  
Opinion Poll ◽  
Common Life ◽  
Linguistic Barriers ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Ethnic Memory

Far-reaching consequences that linguistic policy may leave in the future decades are denoted in the paper, especially in regions where two nations with their differences interlace. After the World War II, it was enabled for the Albanians in the region of Kosovo and Metohija to get education entirely in their mother tongue, Albanian language, which simultaneously reduced the range of interactions with fellow citizens of Serbian nationality, the ability to understand each other, reducing also their professional possibilities. The years that followed only deepened the linguistic barrier between the two nations living in the same region, which inevitably led to constantly growing ethnic distance and escalation of conflicts. Empirical researches regarding the linguistic and ethnic distance between the Serbs and Albanians were conducted among Serbian students in Kosovska Mitrovica and Albanian students in Pristina after a long time, in December 2016 and January 2017. An opinion poll in the field was implemented along with the representative sample, while Likert scale and modified Bogardus scale were used as instruments. The obtained results showed both the ignorance of the language of the other ethnic group and unwillingness to master that language, as an obstacle for communication. The results could be the guidelines for future state linguistic and educational policy in this region. Ethnic minorities have an indisputable right to foster their mother tongue and culture but necessarily must also master the language of the state whose territory they live on. On the other hand, the Serbian population also should get to know the language of fellow citizens - Albanians, primarily for establishing communication and better understanding, but also for improving the quality of life. Establishing such a linguistic policy would gradually remove linguistic barriers, leading to the reduction of ethnic distance. It would create also the presumptions for overcoming the ?ethnic cultural memory? that deepens differences by its unilaterality, i.e. it would create conditions for the transmission of over-ethnic memory to a common life in the region where such life existed. It would represent the first condition for establishing a common ?cultural memory?.

scholarly journals Surgical Management of Benign Gastric Tumors: A Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 420-426
Author(s):  
Hashem Bark Awadh Abood ◽  
Amani Nasser D. Albalawi ◽  
Haifa Obedullah AlEnazi ◽  
Mousa Mutlaq Almuhanna ◽  
Norah Othman Busaad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors ◽  
Laparoscopic Resection ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Stromal Tumors ◽  
Gastric Tumors ◽  
Laparoscopic Excision ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Stomach Epithelium

Benign stomach and duodenal tumors are uncommon. Any component of the stomach epithelium, whether glandular, endocrine, or mesenchymal, can develop benign neoplastic tumors. The majority of people with benign stomach and duodenal tumors are asymptomatic for a long time. When symptoms do appear, they are determined by the tumor's size, location, and comorbidities. Endoscopy, computed tomography, and especially endoscopic ultrasonography results are used diagnose. Clinically, it's difficult to tell the difference between benign and malignant stomach tumors. Even benign tumors can undergo malignant transformation, severe obstructive problems, and bleeding. As a result, aggressive surgical resection of the tumors should be undertaken. Laparoscopic resection has become the first option of many surgeons since the development of minimally invasive surgery. According to previous literature, laparoscopic excision of GIST is safe and effective. In this review we’ll be looking at benign gastric tumors, gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) and their diagnosis.

scholarly journals WAVE RECORDING ON THE IJSSELMEER

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (7) ◽  
pp. 3
Author(s):  
P. W. Roest
Keyword(s):  
Average Period ◽  
Recording Time ◽  
Ice Drift ◽  
Recording Station ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Wave Heights ◽  
Wave Research ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Hydraulics Laboratory ◽  
The Waves

The dimensions of the dikes in the Ijsselmeer are mainly determined by wave-attack. The dimensions of the waves as a result of the design gale are calculated with the diagram of the Hydraulics Laboratory at Delft (ref« 1). This diagram is based on data of Sverdrup for deep water and principally on laboratory studies for shallow water. For a long time there has been a need of wave recordings on the lake in order to verify the calculated wave heights. A problem is the impossibility of maintaining a permanent recording station on the lake due to ice-drift in wintertime. Otherwise the Ijsselmeer lends itself admirably to wave-research, because there are vast regions with only small variations in waterdepth. Another advantage is that frequently more or less stationary conditions will occur under the influence of winds of constant force and direction. When Dr. Dorrestein of the Royal Dutch Meteorological Institute introduced his new floating waverecorder, it was possible to take observations in every place of the lake. Soon it appeared that this recorder has many advantages. The equipment consists of an accelerometer mounted on a little raft of one meter each way, that follows the movement of the water surface. The signal of the accelerometer is transmitted by an electric cable to the ship, where it is double integrated and then recorded (ref. 3). During the last winter several observations have been carried out with an instrument of this type* As a result of initial troubles with the electronic equipment the number of observations during gale-conditions has been limited. The usual duration of each recording is about 15 minutes. The average period of the waves lies between three and a half and five seconds, so each diagram consists of 180 to 250 waves. Wave height is measured as the difference in height between a trough and the next crest. The average period is determined by dividing the total recording time by half the number of zerocrossings.

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