Detection of psychotropic substances in the blood by LC/MS/MS

2014 ◽  
Vol 284 ◽  
pp. 60-69
Author(s):  
Mariola Wicka ◽  
◽  
Piotr Chołbiński ◽  
Dorota Kwiatkowska ◽  
Andrzej Pokrywka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Drugs Of Abuse ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Body ◽  
Psychoactive Substances ◽  
Psychotropic Substances ◽  
Road Users ◽  
Conducting Research ◽  
Proper Interpretation

Year on year, one can observe an increase in the use of addictive substances. This leads to occurring the problem of addiction as well as the use of psychoactive substances as a serious hazard to road users. The Regulation of the Minister of Health on agents acting similarly to alcohol and the conditions and manner of conducting research on their presence in the human body, requires adequate benchmarks for performing these tests. An importantfactor, from consultative point of view, is the knowledge of the chemical structure of substances belonging to different groups of drugs of abuse, their metabolic transformations that occur in the body as well as their influence on the body. This is to aid in the proper interpretation of the results of the analytical tests.

scholarly journals The micronutrient profile of medicinal plant extracts

10.5219/1553 ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 528-535
Author(s):  
Marija Zheplinska ◽  
Mikhailo Mushtruk ◽  
Volodymyr Vasyliv ◽  
Anatolii Kuts ◽  
Natalia Slobodyanyuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Physiological Effect ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Body ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Melissa Officinalis ◽  
Medicinal Plant Extracts ◽  
Active Substances

Medicinal plants contain biologically active substances that have a physiological effect on the human body. In the territory of Ukraine, 15 of the most important medicinal plants grow from a medical point of view, among which are Melissa officinalis L and Сalendula officinalis. Micronutrients are necessary for the body in small quantities, not being a source of energy, they take part in their assimilation, as well as in the regulation of various functions and the implementation of the processes of growth and development of the human body. The study aims to establish the micronutrient profile of extracts and infusions from medicinal raw materials – Сalendula officinalis and Melissa officinalis. The established micronutrient profile includes data on the content of such macro- and microelements as calcium, potassium, sodium, iron, zinc, and copper in extracts and infusions from Melissa officinalis L officinalis L and Сalendula officinalis. Sodium predominates from certain macronutrients, the superiority of which is manifested in Сalendula officinalis when infused. A large amount of calcium also passes into the aqueous-alcoholic infusion from Сalendula officinalis. Copper and zinc prevail among the determined microelements in water extracts of Сalendula officinalis. Comparing the results obtained, we can say in the affirmative about the micro- and macro elements that have passed into extracts that Сalendula officinalis is richer in these substances. Because infusions and extracts are recommended to be added as an additional ingredient to vegetable and fruit juices, their positive infusion on the human body will increase the recommended daily requirement of potassium and sodium. Based on the results of this study, extracts and infusions of Melissa officinalis L and Сalendula officinalis can be considered as an essential source of micronutrients for enriching fruit and vegetable juices in canned food for health purposes

scholarly journals Vitamins

Malnutrition ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohanad Mousa Kareem ◽  
Majid S. Jabir
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Weight Reduction ◽  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Natural Compounds ◽  
The Body

This chapter is going to explain a part of the nutrients the human body needs. They are organic compounds called vitamins. Those compounds will be clarified, as well as their benefits, deficiencies, chemical structure, and why the body needs them crucially. Vitamins is an exceptionally vital recognized name required in certain amounts in the body, some of them exist as a complicated natural compounds found in herbal meals. It plays a key function in regular metabolism, the absence of which in the diet causes deficiency and several diseases. Vitamins are differentiated from the trace elements, also found in the weight-reduction plan in small quantities for health, growth, replica, and other crucial metabolism.

scholarly journals Hypermnesia of Euphoria or Any Other Desired, from the Point of View of the Consumer, Psychotropic Effect as the Initial and leading link in the Occurrence and Maintaining the Body’s Dependence on Psychoactive Factors

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
The Body ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Psychoactive Substances ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Psychotropic Effect ◽  
Type Classification

The work shows the role of the autonomic nervous system in functioning of long-term memory, the identity of functioning of the mechanisms of long-term memory in the evolutionary adaptation of a man and dependence on psychoactive substances. It is shown that the dependences of the body on psychoactive substances are the states of progredient adaptation, that the states of dependence of the organism on psychoactive substances and on psychogenic psychoactive factors are the states of the same type. Classification of psychoactive factors is given. It is proposed to create a new branch of medicine combining study of the body’s dependence both on chemical and psychogenic psychoactive factors. Onomastic definitions to be used in this new branch of medicine are presented.

scholarly journals Comparative Analysis of Equivalence of Somatic Phraseological Units in German and Uzbek Languages

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 1036-1042
Author(s):  
Khasan Tukhtaevich Nurullaev ◽  
Mokhigul Normurodovna Abdirakhimova ◽  
Olima Akhatovna Khalilova
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Body ◽  
Practical Activity ◽  
Lexical Semantic ◽  
Common Group ◽  
Semantic Point

This article is devoted to a comparative analysis of somatic phraseological units in German and Uzbek. Somatic phraseological units are part of a common group of phrases in German and Uzbek. Many languages have equivalents of somatic phraseological units, however, each part of the body is associated with certain characteristics: head with mind, heart with feelings, mouth and tongue with speech, hands with practical activity. The work contains about 1500 somatic phrases based on explanatory phraseological dictionaries and multilingual phraseographic sources of German and Uzbek languages, which are studied in terms of lexic, syntax and semantics. The work explores somatic expressions in both languages from a lexical, syntactic and semantic point of view. In the somatic phraseological units, the human body participates as a nuclear word, and they have cultural signs of a certain mentality. From the point of view of structural-semantic and structural-syntactic interactions, somatisms in German and Uzbek were studied in such categories as absolute equivalence, partial equivalence, zero equivalence. In this work, phraseological units corresponding to all lexical, morphological and syntactic criteria of equivalence are interpreted as absolute, having almost the same meaning in both languages, as well as small morphological-syntactic and lexical-semantic differences - as partially equivalent, without alternative equivalents or lexical options in comparable languages according to internal and external linguistic factors, as zero equivalents. The results of the study are presented in tables as statistical data.

scholarly journals RADIOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION OF ROACH AND PERCH FROM SOME LAKES IN LITHUANIA

2006 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 199-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Violeta Čepanko ◽  
Raimondas Leopoldas Idzelis ◽  
Vytautas Kesminas ◽  
Rima Ladygienė
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
Food Chain ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Body ◽  
Radiological Investigation ◽  
Biological Toxicity ◽  
Activity Concentrations ◽  
90Sr Activity ◽  
Stable Calcium

From the point of view of biological toxicity the most toxic radionuclides are man‐made 90Sr and 137Cs because the behavoir of both of them is similar to stable calcium and potassium in the body. Fish is the last part of the hydrosystem chain which accumulates pollutants. The aim of this study was to analyse the distribution of these two radionuclides in the muscle and other organs of perch and roach that differ by age and living conditions. Measurements were performed for 137Cs and 90Sr activity concentrations in fishes from the lakes of Drūkšiai, Lūkstas and Dusia. Radioecological investigation was carried out for different age groups of roach and perch analysing samples of muscle and spine bones (including the head of fish). Radioecological investigation of fishes from the lakes of Drūkšiai, Lūkstas and Dusia show that the activity concentrations of 137Cs and 90Sr are low. Anyway, the accumulated radioactivity by food chain reaches the human body. Nowadays a lot of investigations are related to the lakes in the vicinity of Ignalina NPP. The investigation shows that the activity concentrations of 137Cs and 90Sr in fishes from the Drūkšiai lake are the same as in fishes from other lakes in other locations of Lithuania.

scholarly journals Criminological prognostication of the emergence of new types of narcotic drugs

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (12) ◽  
pp. 88-97
Author(s):  
Ilya V. Shlykov ◽  
◽  
Alexey E. Kovalenko ◽  
Maria V. Rushakova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
New Psychoactive Substances ◽  
State Control ◽  
Psychoactive Substances ◽  
Psychotropic Substances ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Stepwise Development ◽  
Analytical Point ◽  
Analytical Research ◽  
Narcotic Drugs

The article presents the results of studying the algorithms for the emergence of new types of narcotic drugs, identifies the patterns of changes in the chemical structures of new psychoactive substances, and proposes a mechanism for criminological prognostication of the emergence of new types of substances with narcogenic potential. Analytical studies of the emergence of new psychostimulants have confirmed the correctness of the chosen model of state control of new psychoactive substances – the introduction of “derivative narcotic substances and psychotropic substances” into Russian legislation. An objective and comprehensive study of the chemical structures of molecules of new psychoactive substances also confirmed the legitimacy of establishing state control over the illegal traffic of analogues of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances. In general, the conducted analytical study suggests considering from the scientific and analytical point of view the possible introduction into law enforcement practice of a new direction "Criminological prognostication of the emergence of new types of narcotic drugs". The general algorithms and patterns found in the process of analytical research in the new structures of molecules of psychoactive substances have confirmed both the forensic search and the logical and stepwise development of science in the field of psychoactive substances.

Axiological Aspects of Human Body, Spirit and Soul Composition

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 50-58
Author(s):  
Jovo Radoš
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Body Building ◽  
Fitness Clubs ◽  
Constitutive Properties

Abstract The theme presented is aimed at attempting to perceive the fundamental qualities of the man’s personality (body, soul and spirit) from the philosophical, anthropological and theological point of view and, at the same time, to establish the value reflections towards its (current and universal) existential orientations. Namely, today's experience shows us that tendencies with notable prevailing of corporality over the other constitutive properties of the human being are constantly getting stronger. The body cult is vigorously stressed: body building and fitness clubs, as well as special gyms and wellness facilities (saunas, hydro massage baths, tepidariums are advertised, which should satisfy the increased corporal‐hedonistic and corporal‐aesthetic motives. This disturbing of the essential and human structure established by God demands the return to the original settings of Christian trichotomy (not serving the body but serving of the body), whereby a balanced and harmonious relationship between the body, the soul, and the spirit is developed by equally bearing in mind all three areas on which all three "gymnastics" are tuned and effectively performed, which leads to overall development and fulfilment of a human being.

scholarly journals En femenino: Apuntes sobre la obra de Esperanza Barroso y Raquel Ramírez

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (17) ◽  
pp. 62
Author(s):  
Andrés Leonardo Caballero Piza ◽  
Martín Alonso Camargo Flórez
Keyword(s):  
Learning Environment ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Hidden Curriculum ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Art ◽  
Documentary Sources ◽  
Modes Of Representation ◽  
Legal Restrictions

RESUMEN El siguiente artículo proporciona algunas coordenadas de interpretación para la obra de las artistas santandereanas Esperanza Barroso y Raquel Ramírez, desde los conceptos de currículo oculto y micropolítica, y desde diversas fuentes documentales de carácter historiográfico (catálogos, folletos, recortes de prensa y entrevistas). Mediante el concepto de currículo oculto se reconstruye de forma general el ámbito en que fueron educadas ambas artistas, mientras que con el de micropolítica se inscriben sus obras en las preocupaciones del arte colombiano de los setentas, que giraron en torno de los modos de representación del cuerpo desde el deseo individual, la emancipación subjetiva y las restricciones jurídicas del Estado.PALABRAS CLAVES Educación artística, currículo oculto, micro-política, cuerpo humano, arte santandereano, Esperanza Barroso, Raquel Ramírez.WARMI RIMAIPI: KILKAI KAI ISKAI WARMIMANDA ESPERANZA BARROSO Y RAQUEL RAMIREZ SUGLLAPI Kai kilkapi kai iska iacha warmikuna Esperanza Barroso y Raquel Ramirez Santanderpe iñaskakuna parlanakumi ukunimanda imasa paikuna Kawaska, pai iskai warmikuna iachankuna llapa. Chimanda paikuna Man iachankuna ima ruranga sug kilkaikunawa sug iachakuna Colombianokuna Ruraskawa. Ninakume paikuna llukankuna llapa ahka Iachai sugkuna paikunamanda minus Vinci. Chasallata parlanakuni llukankunasi canchis chunga Kilkai sug kilkai sutikumi nukakin munarispa kai parlanaku tukuikunata.IMA SUTI RIMAI SIMI: Llachachiskakuna- ocusinama pakalla Kaska- nukanchikikin- Santanderpi wiñaska- Esperanza Barroso- Raquel Ramirez.IN FEMINA: NOTES ON THE WORK OF ESPERANZA BARROSO AND RAQUEL RAMIREZ ABSTRACT The following article provides some coordinates to understand the works of Esperanza Barroso and Raquel Ramírez, female artists from Santander, using concepts like hidden curriculum and micro-politics, and various documentary sources (catalogs, brochures, press clippings and inter- views). The learning environment where both artist were educated is reconstructed with the aid of the concept of hidden curriculum, while the concept of micro-politics inscribes their works within the concerns addressed by Colombian art from the seventies, which were oriented to investigate the modes of representation of the body from the point of view of individual desire, subjective emancipation and the legal restrictions of the State.KEYWORDS Artistic education, hidden curriculum, micro-politics, human body, art of Santander, Esperanza Barroso, Raquel Ramírez. t Sin Titulo. Fotografía: Diana Marcela Ayala (DIMARC). 2015IN FEMINA: NOTES SUR LE TRAVAIL D’ESPERANZA RAMÍREZ ET RAQUEL BARROSO RÉSUMÉ L’article suivant fournit quelques coordonnées d’interprétation pour le travail des artistes de Santander Esperanza Barroso et Raquel Ramirez, à partir des concepts de curriculum caché et de micropolitique, et en s’appuyant sur diverses sources documentaires (catalogues, brochures, coupures de presse et des interviews). À l’aide du concept de curriculum caché, on reconstruit l’atmosphère dans laquelle ont été formés les deux artistes, tandis qu’avec la micropolitique, on place leurs œuvres dans les préoccupations de l’art colombien des années 70, qui tournaient autour de modes de représentation du corps á partir du désir individuel, de l’émancipation subjective et des restrictions juridiques de l’Etat.MOTS CLÉS Éducation artistique, micropolitique, curriculum caché, corps humain, art de Santander, Esperanza Barroso, Raquel Ramirez..EM FEMININO: ESCRITOS SOBRE A OBRA DE ESPERANZA BARROSO E RAQUEL RAMIREZ RESUMO O seguinte artigo proporciona algumas coordenadas de interpretação para a obra das artistas santandereanas Esperanza Barroso e Raquel Ramirez, desde os conceitos de currí- culo oculto e micro-político, e desde diversas fontes documentais de caráter historiográfico (catálogos, folhetos, recortes de prensa e entrevistas). Mediante o conceito do currículo oculto se reconstrói de forma geral o âmbito em que foram educadas as artistas, enquanto as que com o da micro-política se inscreve suas obras nas preocupações da arte colombiana dos setenta, que giraram em torno dos modos de representação do corpo desde o desejo individual, a emancipação subjetiva e as restrições jurídicas do Estado.PALAVRAS CHAVES Educação artística, currículo oculto, micro-política, corpo humano, arte santandereano, Esperanza Barroso, Raquel Ramírez.

scholarly journals Immunological aspects of tuberculosis pathogenesis

2019 ◽  
Vol 91 (11) ◽  
pp. 90-97
Author(s):  
V Ja Gergert ◽  
M M Averbakh ◽  
A E Ergeshov
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Infectious Agent ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Body ◽  
Natural Resistance ◽  
Individual Response ◽  
Foreign Agent ◽  
The Individual ◽  
High Level

The morphological aspects of TB pathogenesis are well described in the publications. Much is also known about the main stages of development and formation of specific adaptive immunity. However, from our point of view, not enough attention is being paid to the involvement of the immune system in the pathogenesis of clinically relevant TB abnormalities, as well as various forms of the disease. Nevertheless, there is no doubt that the variety of clinical manifestations of any disease associated with the penetration of a foreign agent into the body, and Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) in particular, is due to the collective interaction of the infectious agent and the individual response of the macroorganism to this infectious agent. The mosaic of such interactions usually imposes its own adjustments on the development of different forms of the process, its speed and direction, as well as the outcomes. Certainly, the response of a macroorganism to MTB is an integral part of pathogenesis and consists of many general components including the responses associated with the mechanisms of natural and acquired immunity. Intensity of these reactions depends on the characteristics of an agent (MTB) and a macroorganism. For the development of TB disease, massiveness of TB infection, dose and duration of MTB exposure to the human body, as well as virulence of MTB and the level of body's protection during the exposure play a very important role. TB pathogenesis is somewhat different in primary MTB infection and re - infection. With primary infection, 88-90% of individuals do not have clinical manifestations, and only the tuberculin skin test conversion signals the onset of infection. In some cases, without any use of anti-TB drugs limited abnormalities may result in spontaneous cure with the minimal residual changes in the lungs, intrathoracic lymph nodes and tissues of other organs, often in the form of calcifications and limited areas of fibrosis in more advanced cases. Only 10-12% of newly infected individuals develop TB with severe clinical manifestations requiring TB therapy. The absence of clinical manifestations of primary TB infection can be explained by a high level of natural resistance of the human body to tuberculosis, and sometimes can be an effect of acquired protection due to BCG vaccination. This review attempts to discuss the role of immune mechanisms in the pathogenesis both at the beginning of disease development, and in the process of its various manifestations. Issues of genetically determined resistance or susceptibility to TB are not being covered in detail in this manuscript.

scholarly journals The complete human being, energy and soul

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 427-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucian T. Mândrea ◽  
Aurel I. Chirilă
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
Complex Structure ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Body ◽  
Health State ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Imaging Device ◽  
Complete Control ◽  
One Year

Abstract The scope of the research is to investigate and to present the human being as a whole. The article presents a series of experiments regarding the human being. It reveals, based on proven facts, such as video footages and scientific measurements, that the human being is not only just a simple physical body. It is a complex structure with an energy shell and a soul with an essential role and these details have to be studied more thoroughly in the future. As the human body uses energy, specific measurement practices are applied. The authors used an Electro Photonic Imaging Device and a Thermal Vision Camera Device because the measured energy frequencies are not within the optical visual frequency range. The general and the detailed human body health state can be evaluated using the EPI Device. Despite the classical medicine approach that considers only the physical component of the body, the article proves the existence and reveals a wider behavior of the human being from the supplementary point of view which is often called spirit, soul, ethereal body or just entity. It is also shown that the human being is capable of evaluating and healing by own means. Thus, a study case is presented regarding the health state evolution during a period of one year, while the human body is continuously taking care of itself. The complete control of the entire human being leads to a continuous good health and also to a good physical and psychic state, with increased performances in all activities. All these achievements can be useful to also obtain a very good job. The objective of the authors are to proof that the soul exists and also that every person can act to improve the own health, the general state and so to rich easier the happiness.

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