PREVALENCE, STRUCTURE, AND RISK FACTORS FOR MENTAL DISORDERS IN OLDER ADULTS

2021 ◽  
pp. 152-159
Author(s):  
Н.Н. Петрова ◽  
Д.А. Хвостикова
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Nursing Home Residents ◽  
Cognitive Disorders ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
The Past ◽  
Significant Incidence

Обзор посвящен оценке распространенности и факторов риска психических расстройств у людей старшего возраста на современном этапе, включая пандемию COVID-19. Проведен систематический обзор литературы за последние 10 лет в PubMed, Elsevier, Google с использованием ключевых слов. Показано, что данные о распространенности психических расстройств у пожилых лиц существенно расходятся. Подчеркивается значительная встречаемость психических расстройств у жителей домов престарелых. Продемонстрирована актуальность непсихотических расстройств депрессивного и тревожного круга у лиц старшего возраста, трудность диагностики психических расстройств, ассоциированных с соматической патологией, а также с когнитивными нарушениями. Факторами риска психических расстройств старшего возраста являются как социально-демографические, так и экономические, психологические и соматические факторы. Дана характеристика проблемы психического здоровья пожилых людей в условиях пандемии COVID-19, ассоциированной со специфическими факторами риска психических расстройств. Отмечен дефицит доказательных исследований лечения психических расстройств в старшем возрасте и актуальность совершенствования организации психиатрической помощи таким пациентам. Понимание структуры и распространённости психических расстройств у пожилых людей позволит оптимизировать работу системы здравоохранения. This review focuses on assessing the prevalence and risk factors of mental disorders in older adults in the current era, including the COVID-19 pandemic. A systematic review of the literature in PubMed, Elsevier, Google, using keywords over the past 10 years was conducted. It is shown that data on the prevalence of psychiatric disorders in the elderly population, including in comparison with young adults, diverge significantly. The significant incidence of mental disorders among nursing home residents is highlighted. The relevance of non-psychotic disorders of the depressive and anxiety spectrum in older adults is demonstrated. The difficulty of diagnosing mental disorders associated with somatic pathology as well as cognitive disorders in elderly patients is demonstrated. Risk factors for mental disorders in older adults are socio-demographic as well as economic, psychological and somatic factors. The problem of mental health of the elderly under the COVID-19 pandemic associated with specific risk factors for mental disorders is characterized. The shortage of evidence-based research in the treatment of mental disorders in old age and the urgency to improve the organization of psychiatric care for such patients are noted. Understanding the structure and prevalence of mental disorders among the elderly will allow to optimize the work of the healthcare system.

scholarly journals A Theoretical Framework on the Determinants of Food Purchasing Behavior of the Elderly: A Bibliometric Review with Scientific Mapping in Web of Science

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 688
Author(s):  
Khaled Alhammadi ◽  
Luna Santos-Roldán ◽  
Luis Javier Cabeza-Ramírez
Keyword(s):  
Elderly Population ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Purchasing Behavior ◽  
Food Purchasing ◽  
The Past ◽  
Bibliometric Review ◽  
Food Market ◽  
The Common ◽  
Elderly Consumers

The past few years have seen significant demographic changes in most regions, including an increased elderly population. Subsequently, elderly citizens comprise an important market segment of consumers, with the food industry one of the most affected areas in this context. However, food market managers previously believed that elderly consumers’ needs were stereotyped in nature. The lack of focus on this sector, therefore, left elderly consumers as an untapped market, without realizing the financial independence of this segment regarding their nutrition. This research will attempt to provide the key determinant factors on elderly consumers’ behavior related to food. For that purpose, a complete literature review of more than 123 papers regarding these concepts has been carried out. Once analyzed, we highlight the common insights to give clear guidance for supermarket managers and food manufacturers to have a better knowledge of the reasons behind elderly people’s food acquisitions.

Abstract WMP57: Declining Blood Pressure is Associated with Subcortical Microinfarcts in Older Adults

Stroke ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mekala R Raman ◽  
Jonathan Graff-Radford ◽  
Scott A Przybelski ◽  
Timothy G Lesnick ◽  
Michelle M Mielke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Blood Pressure Measurement ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Pressure Measurements ◽  
Autopsy Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Blood Pressures

Hypertension is highly prevalent in the elderly population and microinfarcts are the most common vascular brain pathology identified in older adults at autopsy. We investigated the associations between systolic and diastolic blood pressures measured antemortem and the presence of microinfarcts at autopsy. Study subjects (n=302; age range=71-95) were participants in the population-based Mayo Clinic Study of Aging autopsy study, who had blood pressure measurements recorded during life. We investigated both cross-sectional systolic and diastolic blood pressure measurements at the baseline visit and the change in blood pressure (slope). Presence and location (subcortical or cortical) of chronic microinfarcts was abstracted from the autopsy reports. Of the 302 study subjects, 47 (16%) had cerebral microinfarcts, and, of those, 18 (38%) had subcortical microinfarcts and 29 (62%) had only cortical microinfarcts. The baseline blood pressures were not different between subjects with no microinfarcts, subcortical microinfarcts, and only cortical microinfarcts. In a logistic regression model including time between last blood pressure measurement and death, a greater decline in systolic [OR= 1.06 (1.01, 1.11); p=0.02]) and greater decline in diastolic [OR= 1.11 (1.02, 1.20); p=0.01] blood pressures were predictors of the presence of subcortical microinfarcts at autopsy. However, these variables were not associated with the presence of cortical microinfarcts. In conclusion, microinfarcts are common in the older adult population, and most of them are located in the cortex. A greater decline in both systolic and diastolic blood pressures and their association with subcortical microinfarcts, but not with cortical microinfarcts, may have implications for aggressive lowering of blood pressure in the elderly population.

scholarly journals Use of Music Therapy as an Audiological Rehabilitation Tool in the Elderly Population: A Mini-Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Sophie Grenier ◽  
Louise Lafontaine ◽  
Andréanne Sharp
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Music Therapy ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Social Participation ◽  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
Vestibular Function ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
The Impact

It is well known and documented that sensory perception decreases with age. In the elderly population, hearing loss and reduced vestibular function are among the most prevalently affected senses. Two important side effects of sensory deprivation are cognitive decline and decrease in social participation. Hearing loss, vestibular function impairment, and cognitive decline all lead to a decrease in social participation. Altogether, these problems have a great impact on the quality of life of the elderly. This is why a rehabilitation program covering all of these aspects would therefore be useful for clinicians. It is well known that long-term music training can lead to cortical plasticity. Behavioral improvements have been measured for cognitive abilities and sensory modalities (auditory, motor, tactile, and visual) in healthy young adults. Based on these findings, it is possible to wonder if this kind of multisensory training would be an interesting therapy to not only improve communication but also help with posture and balance, cognitive abilities, and social participation. The aim of this review is to assess and validate the impact of music therapy in the context of hearing rehabilitation in older adults. Musical therapy seems to have a positive impact on auditory perception, posture and balance, social integration, and cognition. While the benefits seem obvious, the evidence in the literature is scarce. However, there is no reason not to recommend the use of music therapy as an adjunct to audiological rehabilitation in the elderly when possible. Further investigations are needed to conclude on the extent of the benefits that music therapy could bring to older adults. More data are needed to confirm which hearing abilities can be improved based on the many characteristics of hearing loss. There is also a need to provide a clear protocol for clinicians on how this therapy should be administered to offer the greatest possible benefits.

Transversal and longitudinal studies of risk factors for coronary heart disease in the elderly population of Sa˜o Paulo

1994 ◽  
Vol 109 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
M.S. Cendoroglo ◽  
T.L.R. Martinez ◽  
L.E.S. Almeida Pinto ◽  
F.R. Gonçalves ◽  
T.E.C. Rosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Longitudinal Studies ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
The Elderly

Prevalence of Cardiovascular Risk Factors in the Elderly Population of Alentejo

2020 ◽  
pp. 185-195
Author(s):  
Maria do Céu Mendes Pinto Marques ◽  
Ana Filipa Pereira Vaz ◽  
Ana Sofia Emídio Cardoso Leite ◽  
Cláudia Sofia Araújo ◽  
Cláudia Roque Condeço ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
Research Question ◽  
National Level ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Regional Level ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Prevalence Studies

The objective of this chapter is to identify cardiovascular risk factors in the elderly and their prevalence in the elderly population of Alentejo. The research question was elaborated according to the PI[C]OD methodology. The prevalence studies included allow the authors to identify the risk factors with the greatest impact on cardiovascular diseases, with the analysis of at least one of the factors (hypertension, diabetes, smoking, obesity, hypercholesterolemia, alcoholism, and sedentary lifestyle) and their prevalence in the elderly from the region of Alentejo. The results present the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors, mainly at the national level, compared to those at the regional level, with a small number of exclusive studies in the Alentejo region, while simultaneously disaggregating the results by age group. From the data obtained, it can be concluded that the prevalence of risk factors is generally increased in the elderly population and, consequently, in Alentejo, because it is a region in the interior of the country that is predominantly rural and very old.

Arterial compliance in older people

2000 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-54
Author(s):  
C. Rajkumar ◽  
S. Bonapace ◽  
C. J. Bulpitt
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
Arterial Compliance ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Arterial System ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
The Past ◽  
Life Expectancy At Birth ◽  
The Uk

IntroductionLongevity has lengthened in recent times. This has resulted in an increase in the elderly population, with life expectancy at birth in men in the UK being approximately 72.5 years and women, 78.5 years. Despite the risk of death from cardiovascular diseases decreasing in the past 40 years, these still continue to be the largest cause of mortality in the elderly. Cardiovascular mortality and morbidity are lower in women. However, this is not true in the later years of life. After the age of 80, the risk of cardiovascular problems increases to that of men. The cardiovascular changes occurring with aging consists of changes in the heart and arterial system.

Risk factors for overactive bladder in the elderly population: A community-based study with face-to-face interview

2010 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 212-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshihiro Ikeda ◽  
Haruo Nakagawa ◽  
Kaori Ohmori-Matsuda ◽  
Atsushi Hozawa ◽  
Yayoi Masamune ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Overactive Bladder ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Face To Face

scholarly journals Investigation of the prevalence of Cognitive Impairment and its risk factors within the elderly population in Shanghai, China

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Longbing Ren ◽  
Yongtao Zheng ◽  
Lezhou Wu ◽  
Yijun Gu ◽  
Yusheng He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
The Elderly

scholarly journals Risk of falls and fear of falling in older adults residing in public housing in Ontario, Canada: findings from a multisite observational study

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa Pirrie ◽  
Guneet Saini ◽  
Ricardo Angeles ◽  
Francine Marzanek ◽  
Jenna Parascandalo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Public Housing ◽  
Fear Of Falling ◽  
Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Medical Attention ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable ◽  
The Past ◽  
Risk Factors For Falls

Abstract Background Falls in older adults is a widely researched topic. However, older adults residing in public housing are a vulnerable population that may have unique risk factors for falls. This study aims to describe the prevalence and risk factors for falls, fear of falling, and seeking medical attending for falls in this population. Methods Sociodemographic and health-related data was collected as part of a community-based health assessment program with older adults in public housing. Three pre-screening questions identified individuals at potential risk for falls; individuals who screened positive performed the objective Timed Up and Go (TUG) test. Logistic regression was used to evaluate risk factors for four outcome variables: falls in the past year, seeking medical attention for falls, fear of falling, and objectively measured fall risk via TUG test. Results A total of 595 participants were evaluated, of which the majority were female (81.3%), white (86.7%), did not have a high school diploma (50.0%), and reported problems in mobility (56.2%). The prevalence of falls in the past year was 34.5%, seeking medical attention for falls was 20.2% and fear of falling was 38.8%. The TUG test was completed by 257 participants. Notably, males had significantly reduced odds of seeking medical attention for a fall (OR = 0.50, 95%CI 0.25–0.98) and having a fear of falling (OR = 0.42, 95%CI 0.24–0.76); daily fruit and vegetable consumption was associated with decreased odds of having a fall in the past year (OR = 0.55, 95%CI 0.37–0.83), and alcohol consumption was associated with increased odds of fear of falling (OR = 1.72, 95%CI 1.03–2.88). Conclusion Older adults residing in public housing have unique risk factors associated with social determinants of health, such as low fruit and vegetable consumption, which may increase their risk for falls. The findings of this study can be used to inform falls interventions for this population and identify areas for further research.

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