scholarly journals Pro-atherogenic lipid profile in pulmonary tuberculosis patients with concurrent insulin resistance

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-114
Author(s):  
Olga Shvets ◽  
Olga Shevchenko ◽  
Zoriana Piskur ◽  
Hanna Stepanenko ◽  
Olha Pohorielova
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Tuberculosis Patients ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Background. The problem of studying lipid metabolism in patients with tuberculosis is of interest to scientists around the world. The purpose of the study - to investigate lipid profile in pulmonary tuberculosis patients with concurrent insulin resistance. Materials and methods. Forty-one patients with pulmonary tuberculosis were examined. Insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR), total cholesterol level (TC), triglycerides (TG) level, high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) cholesterol and atherogenic index (AI) were measured. Results. Group 1 - 26 patients with tuberculosis and insulin resistance (HOMA-IR ˃ 2.7); Group 2 – 15 patients with tuberculosis without insulin resistance (HOMA-IR ˂ 2.7). Group 1 patients had severe course of TB with fever, severe fatigue and weakness, profuse sweating, weight loss, cough and shortness of breath. Median TC indices differed at significant level (p = 0.012): group 1 - 4.82 mmol/l, group 2 - 4.25 mmol/l. TG level was higher in group 1 patients - 1.32 mmol/l than in group 2 patients - 1.28 mmol/l. LDL cholesterol values were higher in group 1 patients - 3.2 mmol/l vs 2.5 mmol/l in group 2. The AI was higher in group1 (p = 0.005): 3.9 units against 2.8 units in group 2 patients. Conclusions. Insulin resistance in pulmonary tuberculosis patients was associated with severe course of the disease, severe clinical manifestations and impaired external respiration. Pro-atherogenic disorders of lipid metabolism in pulmonary tuberculosis patients with concurrent insulin resistance can be considered as the degree of endogenous intoxication.

scholarly journals Lipoproteins and other Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease in a Student Population

2013 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 140-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dragana Pap ◽  
Emina Čolak ◽  
Nada Majkić-Singh ◽  
Gordana Grubor-Lajšić ◽  
Sanja Vicković
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Lipid Status ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Summary Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major cause of mortality and morbidity in many populations, especially in developed countries. The aim of the study was to analyze the lipid status in a student population at increased risk for CVD in comparison with students who are not at increased risk for CVD. Methods: This study included 238 students from the University of Novi Sad of both sexes (126 men and 112 women), with a mean age of 22.32±1.85 years. According to the body mass index (BMI) lower and higher than 25 kg/m2 and waist circumference (WC) of less and more than 94 cm (80 cm for females) the whole group of 238 students was divided into 2 subgroups: the group at increased risk for CVD (Group 1) and the group at lower risk for CVD (Group 2). Total cholesterol - TCH, triglycerides - TG, high density lipoprotein cholesterol - HDL-c, low density lipoprotein cholesterol - LDL-c, very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol - VLDL-c concentrations were determined and the index of atherosclerosis (IA), established risk factors RF-TCH/HDL-c ratio and non-HDL-c/HDL-c ratio were mathematically calculated. Results: The values of TCH, LDL-c, non-HDL-c, VLDL-c and TG were significantly higher in Group 1 compared to Group 2 (P<0.001). IA, non-HDL-c/HDL-c and RF-TCH/HDL-c ratio were also significantly higher (P<0.001), while HDL-c was significantly lower (p<0.01) in Group 1 compared to controls. These results were not influenced by gender in both groups of subjects. Conclusions: The data suggest that increased anthropometric parameters are followed by increased lipoprotein status in the group of students at increased risk for CVD and screening of the lipid status is necessary in students, especially in those who are at increased risk for CVD.

Dynamics of Carbohydrate Metabolism Indices during the Treatment of Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients with the Use оf Pathogenetic Therapy

2019 ◽  
pp. 21-25
Author(s):  
O.M. Shvets ◽  
O.S. Shevchenko
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Data Processing ◽  
Carbohydrate Metabolism ◽  
Resistance Index ◽  
Tuberculosis Patients ◽  
Insulin Resistance Index ◽  
Pathogenetic Therapy ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Objective. To assess the dynamics of carbohydrate metabolism indices during the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis patients with the use of pathogenetic therapy Materials and methods. We examined 40 patients with newly diagnosed destructive pulmonary tuberculosis with bilateral infiltrative changes and massive mycobacteria excretion. Exclusion criteria were: HIV infection/AIDS, diabetes mellitus, chronic hepatitis, extrapulmonary tuberculosis and pulmonary tuberculosis without destruction and without bacterial excretion. Standardized four-component anti-TB treatment regimen was prescribed to all patients. The subjects were randomly distributed between two groups of 20 people. The treatment regimen for patients of group 2 was supplemented with a 10-day course of intravenous infusion of xylitol with a volume of 400 ml once a day. An oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed, fasting insulin levels were determined, the insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) and body mass index (BMI) were calculated, and clinical manifestations of intoxication were evaluated. For statistical data processing, the Statistica for Windows version 13.2 generalpurpose data processing software package was used. Results and discussion. At the beginning of treatment, patients of both groups had complaints typical for intoxication syndrome and signs of carbohydrate metabolism disorders in the form of the development of insulin resistance. The median value of the HOMA-IR index in group 1 was 3.03, and in group 2 it was 3.36. During the treatment, in group 2, whose patients received xylitol, a decrease in the average term of relief of intoxication symptoms was observed compared with group 1 (7±2 days vs 11±3 days) (p<0.05). In group 2 the median of insulin level decreased at a statistically significant level (p<0.05) (from 16.5 mcU/mL to 11.4 mcU/mL), and the insulin resistance index HOMA-IR decreased from 3.36 to 2.0, which allows us to suppose the positive effect of xylitol on the carbohydrate metabolism of patients with infiltrative pulmonary tuberculosis with destructive changes and mycobacteria excretion. Conclusions. Based on the obtained data, it can be concluded that xylitol has a positive modeling effect on the dynamics of carbohydrate metabolism in patients with destructive pulmonary tuberculosis with bacterial excretion.

Clopidogrel Provides Significantly Greater Inhibition of Platelet Activity Than Aspirin When Combined With Atorvastatin After Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting: A Prospective Randomized Study

2009 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sermin Tetik ◽  
Koray Ak ◽  
Selim Isbir ◽  
Emel Eksioglu-Demiralp ◽  
Sinan Arsan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Platelet Aggregation ◽  
Artery Bypass ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Bypass Grafting ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Platelet Activity ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Objective: We aimed to compare the effects of 2 different antiplatelet agents on platelet activity in patients receiv- ing atorvastatin after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Methods: We prospectively randomized 50 patients undergoing CABG into 2 groups; group 1 started to receive atorvastatin (10 mg) plus clopidogrel (75 mg; C + A, n = 25) and group 2 atorvastatin (10 mg) and acetylsalicylic acid (ASA; 300 mg, ASA + A, n = 25) daily on postoperative day 1 and continued for 6 months after operation. Adenosine diphosphate (ADP)–induced pla- telet aggregation and the expressions of glycoprotein (Gp) IIb, GpIIIa, P-selectin, and fibrinogen (Fg) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) binding to platelets were assessed preoperatively and at postoperative days 7, 90, and 180. Results: The mean age of the patients was 59.6 ± 7.6 years, and 82% of the patients were males. The combination of C + A markedly inhibited ADP-induced platelet aggregation compared with ASA + A at postoperative days 90 and 180 (52% ± 6.0% vs 56% ± 7.25% and 19.6% ± 3.2% vs 37% ± 4.1%, P = .039 and P = .0001, respectively). The therapy of C + A significantly suppressed the expressions of GpIIIa at postoperative days 7, 90, and 180 (P = .0001, P = .0001, and P = .0001, respectively) and P-selectin at postoperative days 90 and 180 (P = .035 and P = .002, respectively) when compared to ASA + A. The expression of GpIIb was also significantly depressed at postoperative day 180 in group 1 when compared to group 2 (P = .0001). Low-density lipoprotein binding was significantly increased at day 180 postoperatively in both the groups (basal: 42.9% ± 5.6% vs 45.3% ± 4.4% and day 180: 60.3% ± 4.6% vs 61.8% ± 5.7%, P = .0001). Conclusions: Our results demonstrate that the combination of C + A is more effective than that of ASA + A in inhibiting ADP-mediated platelet aggregation and expression of major platelet receptors after CABG.

Comparison of different equations for estimation of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) – cholesterol

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 601-611
Author(s):  
Mehmet Fatih Alpdemir ◽  
Medine Alpdemir
Keyword(s):  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Turkish Population ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

AbstractObjectivesThe aim of this study was to compare low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) estimations using various formulas with directly measured LDL-C (d-LDL-C) in the Turkish population.Material and methodsA total of 1,478 participants who were aged between 18 and 80 were classified into five groups according to serum triglyseride (TG) concentration as follows: <100, 100–199, 200–299, 300–399, and 400–1000 mg/dL. Glucose (Glu), LDL-C, total cholesterol (TC), HDL-C, TG, and HbA1C were measured with Cobas 6000 c501. d-LDL-C concentrations were measured by a homogenous direct assay using reagents. We investigated the accuracy 10 equations that are Friedewald, De Cordova, Ahmadi, Anandaraja, Teerakanchana, Chen, Hattori, Vujovic, Puavillai, and Hatta for estimating LDL-C in this study.ResultsIn group 1, Anandaraja formula correlated best with d-LDL-C (r=0.367), but this correlation is weakly. In group 2; Teerakanchana formula (r=0.931), in group 3; Friedewald and Teerakanchana formulas (r=0.935, r=0.961), in group 4; Teerakanchana formula (r=0.950) and in group 5, Anandaraja formula (r=0.792) correlated best with d-LDL-C.ConclusionsIn this study, although there was a strong correlation between d-LDL-C measurement and estimated LDL-C formulas, there was a negative bias between results of these formulas and the d- LDL-C.

scholarly journals OP0104 DIFFERENCES IN LOW-DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN (LDL) PARTICLE COMPOSITION AND OXIDATION MAY UNDERLIE THE PARADOXICAL ASSOCIATION OF LOW LDL WITH HIGHER CORONARY ATHEROSCLEROSIS BURDEN IN RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 58.1-58
Author(s):  
G. Karpouzas ◽  
S. Ormseth ◽  
E. Hernandez ◽  
M. Budoff
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Coronary Atherosclerosis ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Relative Content ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Background:The association between cholesterol and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk is attenuated in Rheumatoid arthritis (RA). In fact, RA patients in the lowest low-density lipoprotein (LDL) group (<70mg/dl) may experience unexpectedly high CVD risk.Objectives:We here explored whether patients with LDL<70mg/dl (Group 1) had higher coronary atherosclerosis burden compared to other LDL groups (Group 2: 70≤LDL≤130 and Group 3: LDL>130), as a reason for this risk. We further evaluated whether low LDL in group 1 associated with differences in inflammation, LDL particle composition or oxidation.Methods:One hundred fifty RA patients without symptoms or history of CVD underwent coronary atherosclerosis evaluation with computed tomography angiography. Coronary artery calcium (CAC), number of segments with plaque (segment involvement score), stenotic severity (segment stenosis score), and extensive (>4 segments with plaque) or obstructive disease (>50% stenosis) were assessed. Lipoprotein classes and subclasses were directly measured. Oxidized LDL (oxLDL) was measured with monoclonal antibody E06. Chemiluminescence Elisa quantified IgG and IgM antibodies to oxLDL (anti-oxLDL) and apoB100 immune complexes (IC). Proinflammatory cytokines were measured with Erenna Immunoassay. Robust linear and logistic regression models- adjusted for Framingham D’Agostino score, obesity, disease activity, bDMARD and statin treatment- evaluated associations between LDL groups and plaque outcomes. Similar models evaluated adjusted differences in LDL subclasses, oxLDL, anti-oxLDL, anti-ApoB100 IC, and cytokines across LDL groups.Results:Group 1 patients had higher coronary plaque burden (Figure 1A) and 2.8 times greater risk of extensive or obstructive disease (adjusted OR 2.82 [95% CI 1.12-7.17], P = 0.031) compared to LDL>70 groups. Among statin naïve patients, those with LDL<70 also had higher oxLDL (log-transformed adjusted mean 2.55 [95% CI 2.34-2.77] versus 2.27 [95% CI 2.19-2.36], P = 0.018 for LDL>70). Notably, Group 1 patients also had higher anti-oxLDL IgG and anti-ApoB100 IgG IC levels compared to other groups (Figure 1B). LDL subclass relative content in the LDL particle differed across groups (Figure 1C). Lp(a) was higher in LDL particles in Group 1 (adjusted mean 16.04% [95% CI 11.75-20.33], versus 10.48% [95% CI 8.20-12.75] in Group 2, P = 0.026 and 7.41% [95% CI 0.77-14.04] in Group 3, P = 0.033). Notably, Lp(a) content strongly associated with oxLDL overall (r = 0.83, P < 0.0001). This association was stronger for Group 1 compared to others (P < 0.005, Figure 1D). No differences in RA activity, CRP, TNF-α, IL-17A, or IL-17F were seen across groups. However, Group 1 had higher IL-6 (log-transformed adjusted mean 1.98 [95% CI 1.64- 2.32] versus 1.57 [95% CI 1.45-1.70], P = 0.028 in Group 2 and 1.32 [95% CI 0.84-1.80], P = 0.031 in Group 3). IL-6 associated with both IgG anti-oxLDL (P = 0.015) and anti-apoB100 IC (P = 0.016). Log-transformed IL-6 further associated with higher log-transformed CAC (adjusted B 0.41 [95% CI 0.01-0.81], P = 0.049).Conclusion:RA patients with LDL<70 mg/dl had higher coronary atherosclerosis burden. Low circulating LDL in that group may reflect higher oxidation; this was mostly linked to the larger Lp(a) relative content of LDL and its significantly higher oxidation potential in that group. OxLDL immune recognition was linked to higher IgG anti-oxLDL Ab and anti-ApoB100 IC levels in the LDL<70 group, which further associated with higher IL-6 elaboration and atherosclerosis burden.Disclosure of Interests:George Karpouzas Speakers bureau: Sanofi/ Genzyme/ Regeneron, Consultant of: Sanofi/ Genzyme/ Regeneron, Grant/research support from: Pfizer, Sarah Ormseth: None declared, Elizabeth Hernandez: None declared, Matthew Budoff Consultant of: Pfizer

scholarly journals Pregnancy Followed by Delivery May Affect Circulating Soluble Lectin-Like Oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor-1 Levels in Women of Reproductive Age

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Mehmet Balin ◽  
Ahmet Çelik ◽  
M. Ali Kobat ◽  
Adil Baydas
Keyword(s):  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Lipoprotein Receptor ◽  
Oxidized Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Density Lipoprotein Receptor ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Background/Objective. It is known that menopause or lack of endogenous estrogen is a risk factor for endothelial dysfunction and CAD. Lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor-1 (LOX-1) is involved inmultiple phases of vascular dysfunction.The purpose of the current study was to determine the association between soluble LOX-1 (sLOX-1) and pregnancy followed by delivery in women of reproductive age.Materials/Methods. Sixty-eight subjects with pregnancy followed by delivery (group 1) and 57 subjects with nongravidity (group 2) were included in this study. Levels of sLOX-1 were measured in serum by EL SA.Results. Plasma levels of sLOX-1 were significantly lower in Group 1 than Group 2 in women of reproductive age ( ng/mL and , resp., ). There were strong correlations between sLOX-1 levels and the number of gravida (, ). The levels of sLOX-1 highly correlated with the number of parous (, ).Conclusion. Our study demonstrated that serum sLOX-1 levels were associated with pregnancy followed by delivery that might predict endothelial dysfunction. We conclude that pregnancy followed by delivery may delay the beginning and progress of arteriosclerosis and its clinical manifestations in women of reproductive age.

Platelet Aggregation and Plasma Lipoproteins in Alcoholics During Alcohol Withdrawal

1986 ◽  
Vol 55 (02) ◽  
pp. 173-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Desai ◽  
J S Owen ◽  
D T Wilson ◽  
R A Hutton
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Aggregation ◽  
Alcohol Withdrawal ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Plasma Lipoprotein ◽  
Cholesterol Concentration ◽  
Arachidonic Acid Content ◽  
Low Density

SummaryPlatelet aggregation, platelet lipid composition and plasma lipoprotein concentrations were measured each week in a group of seventeen alcoholics, without overt liver disease, for one month, following acute, total alcohol withdrawal. The platelets were initially hypoaggregable but, within 1-2 weeks of cessation of drinking, they became hyperaggregable and then gradually returned towards normal values. Hyperaggregability could not be explained by increases in either the cholesterol or the arachidonic acid content of the platelets. Plasma very-low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels remained high throughout the study, but the initially raised levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol fell by 26%. Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol concentration rose by 10% after two weeks of withdrawal but then returned to about the starting level. The resulting changes in the plasma LDL-cholesterol: HDL-cholesterol ratio, which had increased by more than 50% after two weeks of abstinence, essentially paralleled the time course of enhanced platelet reactivity in all but four of the alcoholics. These findings suggest that alterations in plasma lipoprotein concentrations during acute alcohol withdrawal may be a contributory factor to the haemostatic disorders present in such patients.

scholarly journals Effects of Weight Gain after 20 Years of Age and Incidence of Hyper-Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterolemia: The Iki Epidemiological Study of Atherosclerosis and Chronic Kidney Disease (ISSA-CKD)

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (14) ◽  
pp. 3098
Author(s):  
Shota Okutsu ◽  
Yoshifumi Kato ◽  
Shunsuke Funakoshi ◽  
Toshiki Maeda ◽  
Chikara Yoshimura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
General Population ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Obesity Hypertension ◽  
Old Men

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of long-term weight gain from the age of 20 on incidence of hyper-low-density-lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterolemia in the general population of Japanese people. Methods: We conducted a population-based retrospective cohort study using annual health checkup data for residents of Iki City, Nagasaki Prefecture, Japan. A total of 3179 adult (≥30 years old) men and women without hyper-LDL cholesterolemia at baseline, who underwent two or more health checkups were included in the analysis. Information on weight gain (≥10 kg) after 20 years of age was obtained using questionnaire. The outcome of this study was development of hyper-LDL cholesterolemia defined as LDL-cholesterol level ≥3.62 mmol/L and/or initiation of lipid-lowering medications. Results: During a mean follow-up period of 4.53 years, 665 of the 3179 participants developed hyper-LDL cholesterolemia (46.5/1000 person-years). The incidence of hyper-LDL cholesterolemia was higher in participants with a weight gain of ≥10 kg (55.3/1000 person-years) than among those with a weight gain of <10 kg (41.8/1000 person-years). This association remained statistically significant even after adjustment for age, sex, smoking, daily drinking, exercise, obesity, hypertension, and diabetes (multivariable hazard ratio 1.31, 95% confidence interval 1.08–1.58, p = 0.006). Conclusion: A weight gain of ≥10 after 20 years of age affected the development of hyper-LDL cholesterol regardless of age, sex, and obesity in a general population of Japanese.

Effect of the periparturient period on serum lipid and cholesterol lipoprotein concentrations in goats (Capra hircus)

2011 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 445-454 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewa Skotnicka ◽  
Zbigniew Muszczyński ◽  
Maria Suska
Keyword(s):  
Serum Lipid ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Capra Hircus ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Total Lipids ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Periparturient Period

Blood samples were taken from 12 goats during the periparturient period (4 and 1 weeks before and 2, 10 and 30 days after delivery), and from 10 nonpregnant goats. The following variables were determined: total lipids (TL), triacylglycerol (TG), total cholesterol (TCH) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol fractions. One week before delivery TL (2.32 ± 0.12 g/l, P ≤ 0.05), TG (0.32 ± 0.16 mmol/l, P ≤ 0.001) and TCH concentrations (1.65 ± 0.42 mmol/l, P ≤ 0.05) were significantly increased as compared to non-pregnant goats (2.08 ± 0.28 g/l, 0.15 ± 0.05 mmol/l, 1.38 ± 0.19 mmol/l, respectively). After delivery, the concentrations of TL, TG, TCH and HDL decreased significantly. The lowest TG concentration was observed 2 days after delivery (0.18 ± 0.02 mmol/l), while TL (1.73 ± 0.21 g/l), TCH (0.95 ± 0.21 mmol/l) and HDL (0.74 ± 0.16 mmol/l) reached the lowest level 10 days after delivery. Two days after delivery a significant increase of LDL concentration was observed (0.38 ± 0.04 mmol/l); however, ten days after delivery a threefold decrease was shown in the LDL concentration (0.12 ± 0.04 mmol/l). A month after delivery all the variables studied reached levels similar to those measured in non-pregnant goats.

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