scholarly journals Disposable diapers problem and its regulations in Mexico

2021 ◽  
pp. 9-17
Author(s):  
Angélica Rocío SERRANO-FARFÁN ◽  
Alejandra NIVÓN-PELLÓN
Keyword(s):  
Solid Waste ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
2030 Agenda ◽  
Disposable Diaper ◽  
Sustainable Future ◽  
Disposable Diapers ◽  
Layered Design ◽  
Modern Solution

Disposable diapers are the modern solution to keep babies' skin dry and clean since they are efficient, a single diaper can keep a baby clean and dry for up to eight hours and they are effective due to the manufacturing materials that are waterproof, flexible, resistant and highly absorbent. While these are advantages to the layered design of the disposable diaper, they become barriers that prevent degradation. In Mexico, 14% of the solid waste generated corresponds to this waste. In the present work, a systematic and exhaustive review is made of the trends, regulations, and regulations that govern the commercialization and possible improvements to the disposable diaper considered a product whose usability is highly accepted and disseminated. The foregoing to prospect the development of this product and orient it towards a more sustainable future to manage the relevant innovations and changes in the regulations that correspond to disposable diapers in the framework of development: social, economic, and environmental that raises the 2030 agenda.

scholarly journals THERMAL CHARACTERISATION STUDY OF TWO DISPOSABLE DIAPER BRANDS

Detritus ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 138-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asiphile Khanyile ◽  
Guy Cubitt Caws ◽  
S'phumelele Lucky Nkomo ◽  
Ntandoyenkosi Malusi Mkhize
Keyword(s):  
Solid Waste ◽  
Kinetic Parameters ◽  
Heating Rate ◽  
Fractional Composition ◽  
Single Peak ◽  
Prominent Feature ◽  
Disposable Diaper ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Disposable Diapers ◽  
Waste Conversion

Disposable diapers have become a prominent feature of solid waste dumped in landfills. It is estimated that disposable diapers take anywhere between 300 to 500 years to decompose. Despite the associated environmental challenges, a plethora of studies show that disposable diapers have become a popular choice for parents when compared with cloth diapers. Disposable diapers are argued to be more convenient for parents because of their once-off use and super-absorbent ability, of which they are able to absorb 200-300 times the weight as compared to the cloth diapers. This study investigates thermal devolatilisation profiles of disposable diapers as well as their iso-conventional kinetic parameters, elemental and fractional composition. In this study, the two most dominant disposable diaper brands were sampled and analysed qualitatively and quantitatively. It was observed that the exterior fraction of both diapers showed a single peak devolatilisation at a temperature of around 500°C, while the interior fraction showed two distinctive devolatilisation peaks observed below 400°C and above 500°C. However, the pyrolysis heating rate produced no effect on the pyro-char fraction. Furthermore, the devolatilisation pathways of different types of disposable diaper fractions showed that there is a potential for conducting stepwise pyrolysis to promote fractional recovery of valuable products. Disposable diapers waste conversion can be better handled by separating the outer fraction (mainly fossil-based plastics and rubbery materials) from the inner fraction (mainly bio-based fibers and absorbents). It is further illustrated that the kinetic parameters, Ea and k0 are different for each disposable diaper fraction.

scholarly journals Association between the frequency of disposable diaper changing and urinary tract infection in children

2013 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 70
Author(s):  
Meirina Daulay ◽  
Rosmayanti Siregar ◽  
Oke Rina Ramayani ◽  
Supriatmo Supriatmo ◽  
Rafita Ramayati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Urine Culture ◽  
Bacterial Count ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Disposable Diaper ◽  
Disposable Diapers ◽  
Tract Infections

Background Urinary tract infection (UTI) is the most commoncause of fever in children. Less frequent disposable diaper changingis thought to be a cause ofUTI in children. While wearing a diapei;the perinea! area becomes damp with urine allowing bacteria tomigrate from the anus to the external urethral orifice.Objective To assess for an association between the frequencyof disposable diaper changing and urinary tract infections inchildren.Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted in thechildren's outpatient clinic of Haji Adam Malik Hospital fromApril to June 2010. Urine culture was performed in children withsuspected UTI who wore disposable diapers every day. Subjects'ages ranged from 2 months to 2 years 6 months, with samplesmatched and collected by consecutive sampling. Diagnosis ofUTIwas based on urine cultures with bacterial count 2:: 105/mL. Eightychildren were followed in this study and divided into two groups:positive (n=40) and negative (n=40) urine cultures. Chi squaretest was use d to analyze the association between the frequency ofdaily disposable diapers changing during a one week period andthe urine culture results.Results The frequency of daily disposable diapers changing in80 subjects was as follows: < 4 times (22.5%), 4-5 times (40%),and 2::6 times (37.5%) . The frequency of daily disposable diaperchanging in children with positive urine culture was as fo llows:< 4 times (1 8 out of 40), 4-5 times (22 out of 40), and 2::6 times(O out of 40); (P < 0.0001). The most common bacterial speciesfound in urine cultures was Escherichia coli.Conclusion Lower frequency of daily disposable diaper changingis significantly associated with higher UTI incidence in children.

Cultural Aspects of Disposable Diaper Waste and Sanitary Napkins in Indonesia

Biokultur ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Indah Yasminum Suhanti
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Industrial Society ◽  
Cultural Aspects ◽  
Colonial Culture ◽  
Sanitary Napkin ◽  
Disposable Diaper ◽  
Cultural Engineering ◽  
Disposable Diapers ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Reasons For Use

The cultural aspect of managing disposable diapers and sanitary napkins in Indonesia is very important. The purpose of this study was to obtain an overview of the cultural aspects of the waste management process. The method used literature review. The data analysis used thematic analysis. The articles obtained from the selection were 18 titles. The results of the review show that the culture that is most discussed in the issue of disposable diapers and sanitary napkin waste management is the culture of industrial society, then Javanese society, and the last one is colonial. Culture is discussed in the realm of practice and reasons for use as well as practices and reasons for waste management. Things that need to be deepened are culture in the form of (1) cultural engineering and cultural environment and (2) the realm of the impact of using and managing disposable diapers and sanitary napkins. Another suggestion is to expand database searches and perform SLRs for more detailed results.

Baby Bottoms and Environmental Conundrums: Disposable Diapers and the Pediatrician

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 88 (2) ◽  
pp. 386-389
Author(s):  
MARIANNE B. SUTTON ◽  
MICHAEL WEITZMAN ◽  
JONATHAN HOWLAND
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
The United States ◽  
Washington Dc ◽  
Waste Production ◽  
Industrialized Nations ◽  
Capita Rate ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Government ◽  
Disposable Diapers

The solid waste crisis is currently receiving extensive publicity in the lay press and increasing attention from the government (Newsweek. November 27, 1989:76; Council for Solid Waste Solutions, Washington, DC, unpublished data).1-3 The United States has the highest per capita rate of solid waste production among industrialized nations, more than three pounds per person each day, resulting in 160 million tons of solid waste each year (Newsweek. November 27, 1989). Disposable diapers contribute significantly to this problem and have, in fact, become a symbol of the solid waste crisis.4-6 Marketing surveys estimate that 80% of infants in the United States use disposable diapers.7,8

scholarly journals Common Diaper Ingredient Questions: Modern Disposable Diaper Materials Are Safe and Extensively Tested

2017 ◽  
Vol 56 (5_suppl) ◽  
pp. 23S-27S ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Counts ◽  
Annie Weisbrod ◽  
Shan Yin
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Product Safety ◽  
Chemical Additives ◽  
Disposable Diaper ◽  
Disposable Diapers

Today’s disposable diapers are high-performance and well-tested products, designed to keep skin dry and healthy. They are primarily made of biologically inert polymers, commonly used in fabrics and other materials that are in contact with skin, and in foods and cosmetics. Still, product safety and ingredients in everyday products can be a source of anxiety for new parents. This article provides the facts behind some commonly asked questions from consumers about diaper ingredients and safety, including myths and facts related to chlorine, latex, dyes, and chemical additives.

Cultural Affinity and Screen Tourism – The Case of Internet Entertainment Services

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Economic ◽  
Traditional Concept ◽  
2030 Agenda ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
Shared Culture ◽  
World Tourism Organization ◽  
Cultural Affinity ◽  
Tourism Organization ◽  
Desk Research

Cultural Affinity and Screen Tourism – The Case of Internet Entertainment Services, has been produced by the World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) in partnership with Netflix. It goes beyond the traditional concept of screen tourism and explores how the online distribution of films and TV series can strengthen cultural ties between countries and build bridges between communities while at the same time fostering tourism as a pillar of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. Based on extensive desk research and the results of a series of surveys, it sheds light on how best to maximize the social, economic and cultural benefits of screen tourism and offers both policymakers and the private sector recommendations on how to leverage internet entertainment services (IES) to promote unique and shared culture and traditions.

Indicator-based proposal for the analysis of Municipal Solid Waste management systems 

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
María-Luisa Carnero Pousa ◽  
Javier Rodrigo-Ilarri ◽  
María-Elena Rodrigo-Clavero
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Design ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Environmental Indicators ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste Management ◽  
Msw Management ◽  
Production Values

&lt;p&gt;Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) management activities are important tasks of both national and local governments, as they can induce significant impacts on the environment, the economy and the living quality of the population involved.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The optimal design of a MSW management plan depends greatly on the waste production values and its distribution over the territory, among others. For the optimal design of a MSW system the use of indicators is proposed. Indicators are defined as &quot;the numerical expression, of non-dimensional character, obtained from the fusion of several environmental variables by means of specifically defined weighting criteria&quot;. In the scientific literature several proposals about indicators that are focused only on operational aspects of MSW management activities (collection, street cleaning, etc.) are found. Only a decade ago, some indicator groups have begun to emerge in different countries. Such indicators include, in addition to the operational context, social, economic or environmental aspects related to waste management.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The objective of the work has been to make a choice and proposal of a set of social, economic and environmental indicators related to waste management activities, which will allow the analysis of integrated management systems of solid urban waste, considering all the implications that the operations of production, collection, transport, separation, recovery and disposal of the waste suppose from the economic, social and environmental perspectives.&lt;/p&gt;

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