Estimation of transport flow intensity using geoinformation systems

The main discussion is about methods for assessing the intensity of traffic flows using geoinformation technologies. The intensity of traffic flows is one of the key indicators that determine the emission from transport in urban areas. In Russia, the growth in the volume and share of motor transport in pollution is increasing under the influence of an increase in the number of cars. This is most obvious examples of it are regions of the Central Federal District, but in the regional centers, under the influence of the improvement in the structure of the vehicle park, the growth of pollution is much slower, and in Moscow it has practically stabilized. At the local level, the determining factor of road traffic pollution is the change in the building density and the transport-planning structure. The collection and calculation of indicators that give an idea of the spatial differentiation of emissions from road transport is a very time-consuming stage of the study. The most common method of obtaining information on the transport and environmental situation in the city is directly field data collection. However, this method is quite time consuming for research. In conditions when the transport infrastructure is developing rapidly, the speed of field observations does not allow promptly updating information on changes in the traffic load of the road network and, as a result, assessing the current ecological situation in the territory. As an alternative to the traditional collection of information, modern sources of geoinformation data can be used. The services, originally developed to provide operational monitoring of the traffic situation and the construction of optimal routes, can also serve as a source of data for models for assessing the intensity of traffic load in environmental studies. The proposed technique has been tested at the level of districts and administrative districts of Moscow. The results obtained are compared with control field observations. The relatively low measurement error when using data from information systems is compensated by the possibility of more efficiently obtaining information about the traffic load on the sections of the road network.

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Transport accessibility and mobility: a forecast of changes in the face of planned development of the network of expressways and motorways in Poland

European Spatial Research and Policy ◽

10.18778/1231-1952.26.2.08 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 26 (2) ◽

pp. 151-176 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Michał Kowalski ◽

Szymon Wiśniewski

Keyword(s):

European Country ◽

Road Network ◽

Transport Network ◽

Transport Infrastructure ◽

Traffic Flows ◽

Transport Accessibility ◽

The Road ◽

The Face ◽

Infrastructure Investments ◽

Made In

The article presents a forecast of changes in the level of transport accessibility and mobility in Poland as a result of the anticipated development of the network of expressways and motorways. The progress which has been made in this respect in the last few years in Poland is unquestionable and unrepeatable by any other European country. Will the subsequent investment plans concerning the road network of the highest parameters offer equally impressive results as far as the increase in Poland’s territorial cohesion is concerned? The aim of this article is to establish in what way the planned infrastructure investments will affect the changes in transport accessibility and mobility as well as whether they will result in the changes in traffic flows directed to Warsaw and other regional centres. To achieve this, an analysis of the present and target state of the road network in Poland was conducted from the perspective of changes in accessibility, anticipated traffic flows, and mobility. For this purpose the authors used the analyses of isochrone and accumulative accessibility in ArcMap environment and research into traffic flows and their changes in the Visum software. The conducted research showed that the planned transport network might result in induced traffic through a increase in accessibility (the central variant) with the assumption that an increase in mobility would be vented in the real face of the phenomenon of motility. The fact of opening new road sections of expressways will contribute to substantial changes in the directions of traffic flows only to a slight extent, and the only transformations concern regions with already developed fast car transport infrastructure whose functionality is limited due to the lack of its cohesion in the subsequent course or lack of a developed network of expressways and motorways.

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Analysis of the Possibility to Detect Road Vehicles via Bluetooth Technology

Sensors ◽

10.3390/s21217281 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (21) ◽

pp. 7281

Author(s):

Răzvan Andrei Gheorghiu ◽

Valentin Iordache ◽

Angel Ciprian Cormoș

Keyword(s):

Road Network ◽

Road Traffic ◽

Data Gathering ◽

Traffic Networks ◽

Traffic Flows ◽

Time Data ◽

Road Vehicles ◽

The Road ◽

Big Picture ◽

Road Traffic Networks

As road traffic networks become more congested and information systems are implemented to manage traffic flows, real-time data gathering becomes increasingly important. Classic detectors are placed in one point of the network and are able to provide information only from that area. As useful as this is, it lacks the big picture of the routes the vehicles usually travel. There are applications developed to help individuals make their way into the road network, but these are no solutions that deal with the cause of traffic; rather, they counteract the effects. It becomes obvious that a proper management system, with knowledge of all the relevant aspects will better serve all travelers. The detection solution proposed in this paper is based on Bluetooth detectors. This system is able to match detected devices in the road network, filter the results, and generate a vehicle count that is proved to follow RADAR detection results.

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Automating Road Traffic Monitoring Using Computer Vision

World of Transport and Transportation ◽

10.30932/1992-3252-2020-18-6-74-87 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (6) ◽

pp. 74-87

Author(s):

I. A. Chebykin

Keyword(s):

Computer Vision ◽

Monitoring System ◽

Road Network ◽

Road Traffic ◽

Traffic Monitoring ◽

Transport Systems ◽

Automation System ◽

Traffic Flows ◽

The Road ◽

Advantages And Disadvantages

The objective of the article is to describe application of computer vision and artificial intelligence technologies for solving the problems of road infrastructure design.The article evaluates the traditional methods of quantitative and qualitative analysis of traffic flows in terms of labour intensity and accuracy using the method of comparative analysis, the advantages and disadvantages of the considered methods are indicated. A new method of traffic flow analysis using unmanned aerial vehicles and computer vision technology based on convolutional neural networks is proposed. The considered method makes it possible to fully automate collection and analysis of data on traffic flows. The article describes the first application of the proposed method when performing transport and economic surveys within the framework of the design of «Northern bypass of the city of Perm». The advantages of the applied method in relation to the traditional ones are described. To implement this project, software was developed for analysing traffic flows using video materials.Further, traffic monitoring is considered, its goals and objectives are described, the necessary functionality of the road traffic monitoring automation system is indicated, the traffic parameters that it should determine are listed. The methodology for implementation of an automated traffic monitoring system based on video materials on a section of the road is considered.A presented project of a traffic monitoring system makes it possible to extend the previously considered approach to the entire road network. Technologies are described that make it possible to implement this system based on video analytics of materials from CCTV cameras. A method for vehicle re-identification is proposed, and the implementation of this method is demonstrated. The method allows building a correspondence matrix of vehicles recorded by CCTV cameras located on different segments of the road network, as well as determining all traffic parameters for the entire street and road network.The conclusions outline the prospects for development of the developed software in terms of application in intelligent transport systems.

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Planning Structure As A Road Traffic Pollution Differentiation Factor: A Case Study Of Nur-Sultan

GEOGRAPHY ENVIRONMENT SUSTAINABILITY ◽

10.24057/2071-9388-2021-061 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (3) ◽

pp. 6-13

Author(s):

A. Zh. Abilov ◽

M. A. Anzorova ◽

V. R. Bityukova ◽

A. G. Makhrova ◽

A. A. Khojikov ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Road Network ◽

Road Traffic ◽

Spatial Differentiation ◽

Road Transport ◽

Middle Part ◽

Transport Infrastructure ◽

Network Density ◽

The Road ◽

High Level ◽

The City

The article deals with the problem of spatial differentiation of road transport pollution due to the planning structure changes in the new capital of Kazakhstan. The purpose of the work is to study territorial differences in from vehicles Nur-Sultan from vehicles and to identify the role of embodied planning measures among the main factors of its differentiation. The research methodology included the analysis of 1) the city functions and planning structure transformation as well as the buildings and road network density and concentration; 2) traffic speed and intensity, emissions and their distribution areas for each street.The analysis showed that since 1997, when Nur-Sultan received the capital status, it has grown 3 times in the area, 3.5 times in population, and 6 times in the level of motorization. However, the volume of traffic emissions in the city increased only 2 times, largely due to the development of the planning structure and configuration of the road network. The development of a second center in the new part of the city along with the decrease in the barrier function of the river and transport transit because of the faster construction of transport infrastructure led to an increase in the density of the road network by more than 2 times while reducing the density of emissions in the city center by 2.25 times. For the rest of the territory, despite different growth rates in the road network density, the density of emissions steadily decreases from the center to the periphery. However, several locations with a high level of pollution are still present in the middle part, while on the outskirts of the city there are blocks of estate-type houses with low-quality roads, which hinder the development of public transport.

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Towards Sustainable Development and Preventing Exclusions—Determining Road Accessibility at the Sub-Regional and Local Level in Rural Areas of Poland

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su11184880 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (18) ◽

pp. 4880 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Ada Wolny ◽

Marek Ogryzek ◽

Ryszard Źróbek

Keyword(s):

Sustainable Development ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Road Network ◽

Local Level ◽

Transport Infrastructure ◽

The Road ◽

Partial Indices ◽

Peripheral Areas ◽

Main Determinants ◽

Sustainable Regional Development

The improvement in a regions’ accessibility that accounts for various means of inter-regional transport and inter-regional communication is one of the main determinants of sustainable regional development. This study focuses on road accessibility in rural areas where an insufficient number and scope of international and domestic investments can lead to an imbalance in the transport infrastructure. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate road accessibility at the level of the NUTS4 units in view of their sustainable development and their divergence from rural units that are less distant from the main transport routes. The studied area—a province—is situated in the northeast of Poland. Data concerning the travel time, condition, and density of the road network were analysed to develop and compare the measures of road accessibility in individual units and to perform an overall assessment of the NUTS4 units. Partial indices were calculated with the support of the QGIS and ArcGIS software. Peripheral regions in post-socialist countries appear to be particularly underinvested in terms of the transport, including at the local and regional level. The applied methodology supported the presentation of problem peripheral areas that are underinvested and threatened with exclusion.

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FORMATION OF ROAD TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT PRINCIPLES IN THE SYSTEM "PEREHIN"

World Science ◽

10.31435/rsglobal_ws/30082021/7652 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Polishchuk V. ◽

Nahrebelna L.

Keyword(s):

Traffic Flow ◽

Transport System ◽

Traffic Management ◽

Road Network ◽

Road Traffic ◽

Road Transport ◽

Economic Losses ◽

Traffic Flows ◽

The Road ◽

Main Indicator

The development of road transport, both economically and socially, is of great importance for humanity. But along with the tremendous benefits andunlimited potential of road transport, there are many problems, particularly with its operation in human settlements, particularly in cities. Theseproblems are related to the oversaturation of the road network of cities with road transport, which leads to a decrease in speed, congestion, increased traveltime. Ensuring the required capacity of the site is the main indicator of creating conditions for the efficient functioning of the transport system of cities.Each section has its own planning features that allow the car to move at an acceptable speed and at the same time not create any situations that could lead to the formation of congestion.It is known that the lower the speed, the greater the time spent. Speed is one of the most important indicators of traffic flow. Any reduction in the speed of traffic flows compared to the permitted leads to economic losses. And if we consider the reduction of speed, taking into account the stop in motion (delay), it leads to much greater economic losses.

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Formation of a comfortable transport infrastructure for cyclist traffic in the tourist area of Kazan

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/202127402007 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 274 ◽

pp. 02007

Author(s):

Aniia Ibragimova ◽

Olga Petropavlovskikh

Keyword(s):

High Speed ◽

Road Network ◽

Transport Infrastructure ◽

Traffic Load ◽

Traffic Intensity ◽

Traffic Flows ◽

The City

This article examines the issue of cycling in Russian cities on the example of the city of Kazan. The authors come to the conclusion that the existing bicycle zones in Kazan aren’t connected to each other and don’t intersect complex transport hubs with high traffic intensity, therefore, cycling around the city isn’t safe and comfortable. As a solution to this problem, the idea of a new combined overpass, combining a pedestrian and roadway for cyclists, is presented. In addition, it’s proposed to develop the street and road network of the city of Kazan, through the construction of new bicycle paths. The combined overpass will allow for a more rational redirection of the city's traffic flows, ensure the safety of high-speed traffic and create comfortable conditions for the city's population. The construction of a bicycle path will reduce the total traffic load on the city's roads, and ensure safe movement for citizens in the central part of the city. Thus, the need to introduce and develop bicycling in our city, which entails planning not only bicycle paths, but also the construction of other transport infrastructure facilities for comfortable crossing of transport hubs with high traffic intensity by cyclists, seems obvious.

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Challenges and Opportunities in Early Stage Planning of Transport Infrastructure Projects: Environmental Aspects in the Strategic Choice of Measures Approach

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13031295 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (3) ◽

pp. 1295

Author(s):

Sofia Eckersten ◽

Berit Balfors ◽

Ulrika Gunnarsson-Östling

Keyword(s):

Urban Areas ◽

Road Traffic ◽

Early Stage ◽

Strategic Choice ◽

Transport Infrastructure ◽

Local Context ◽

Research Approach ◽

Infrastructure Projects ◽

Environmental Aspects ◽

Transport Planning

The Strategic Choice of Measures (SCM) approach aims to integrate different perspectives and identify measures to adapt new infrastructure projects to their local context at an early stage of Swedish transport planning. SCM is a loosely structured framework for collaboration between actors from, e.g., municipalities and the Swedish Transport Administration, in order to facilitate the coordination of transport planning and land use planning. This paper aims to explore the consideration of environmental aspects in early-stage transport planning by analyzing the SCM approach. An explorative research approach is applied based on literature studies, semi-structured interviews, and a focus group interview. The result shows that in the SCM process, environmental aspects such as noise and air pollution generated by road traffic in urban areas, engage the actors, whereas aspects related to landscape and water were perceived as poorly addressed and received less attention. The consideration of environmental aspects in the SCM process is affected by the local and national authorities’ different interests and the competences involved. To consolidate environmental aspects in early transport planning, these aspects need to be explicitly addressed in the SCM guidelines and the link between the SCM and preceding and following planning stages needs to be strengthened.

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LIGHT REGULATION SYSTEMS IMPROVEMENT ANALYSIS TO FORECAST THE TRANSPORT FLOWS IN ALMATY

Вестник КазАТК ◽

10.52167/1609-1817-2021-116-1-299-304 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 116 (1) ◽

pp. 299-304

Author(s):

Assel Aliyadynovna Sailau

Keyword(s):

Environmental Pollution ◽

Traffic Accidents ◽

Road Traffic ◽

Light Regulation ◽

Transport Network ◽

Traffic Flows ◽

Traffic Light ◽

Traffic Lights ◽

The Road ◽

Transport Telematics

The number of vehicles on the roads of Almaty, Kazakhstan is growing from year to year. This brings about an increasing intensity and density of traffic flows in the streets which leads to congestion, decreasing speed of the traffic flow, increasing environmental pollution caused by car emissions, and which can potentially lead to the road traffic accidents (RTA), including fatalities. While the number of injuries grows up mainly due to drivers’ non-compliance with the speed limit, the environmental pollution is caused by longer traffic jams. Therefore, to reduce the level of road traffic injuries and emissions into the environment it is necessary to ensure the uniform movement of traffic flows in cities. Currently, one of the effective ways to do it is the use of transport telematics systems, in particular, control systems for road signs, road boards and traffic lights. The paper presents an analysis of existing systems and methods of traffic light regulation. The analyses of the systems and methods are based on the use of homogeneous data, that is the data on standard parameters of traffic flows. The need in collecting and analyzing additional semi-structured data on the factors that have a significant impact on the traffic flows parameters in cities is shown as well. The work is dedicated to solving the problem of analysis and forecast of traffic flows in the city of Almaty, Kazakhstan. GPS data on the location of individual vehicles is used as the initial data for solving this problem. By projecting the obtained information onto the graph of the city's transport network, as well as using additional filtering, it is possible to obtain an estimate of individual parameters of traffic flows. These parameters are used for short-term forecast of the changes in the city's transport network.

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Optimization of Evacuation and Walking-Home Routes from Osaka City After a Nankai Megathrust Earthquake Using Road Network Big Data

10.1007/978-981-16-4095-7_15 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 369-389

Author(s):

Atsushi Takizawa ◽

Yutaka Kawagishi

Keyword(s):

Big Data ◽

Public Transportation ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Road Network ◽

Large Earthquake ◽

The Road ◽

Return Home ◽

Flooded Area ◽

Network Big Data ◽

Surrounding Areas

AbstractWhen a disaster such as a large earthquake occurs, the resulting breakdown in public transportation leaves urban areas with many people who are struggling to return home. With people from various surrounding areas gathered in the city, unusually heavy congestion may occur on the roads when the commuters start to return home all at once on foot. In this chapter, it is assumed that a large earthquake caused by the Nankai Trough occurs at 2 p.m. on a weekday in Osaka City, where there are many commuters. We then assume a scenario in which evacuation from a resulting tsunami is carried out in the flooded area and people return home on foot in the other areas. At this time, evacuation and returning-home routes with the shortest possible travel times are obtained by solving the evacuation planning problem. However, the road network big data for Osaka City make such optimization difficult. Therefore, we propose methods for simplifying the large network while keeping those properties necessary for solving the optimization problem and then recovering the network. The obtained routes are then verified by large-scale pedestrian simulation, and the effect of the optimization is verified.

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