Features of the Incidence of Shigellosis in the Karachay-Cherkess Republic in 2005–2019

2021 ◽  
pp. 78-84
Author(s):  
KhKh Batchaev ◽  
TD Pilipenko ◽  
LG Sereda ◽  
TA Petryuk
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Shigella Sonnei ◽  
Intestinal Infections ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Human Stool ◽  
Observation Period

Introduction: In the Karachay-Cherkess Republic (KCR), dysentery and salmonellosis rank high in the etiological structure of intestinal infections and arose interest in studying the incidence of shigellosis in the republic. Our objective was to analyze the incidence of bacillary dysentery, to study Shigella landscape in the territory of the KCR in 2005–2019, and to compare the findings with similar variables in other regions of the Russian Federation. Materials and methods: We analyzed data of the Center for Hygiene and Epidemiology in the Karachay-Cherkess Republic on the incidence of shigellosis and Shigella isolates obtained from human stool samples in the KCR in 2005–2019 and compared them with available results of similar studies conducted in other parts of the country. Results: When analyzing the curves of the incidence of dysentery in the KCR and the Russian Federation, we found that they were asynchronous. In the KCR, the curve rose twice (in 2005–2006 and 2011–2014), while in the Russian Federation, the incidence rates demonstrated a gradual decrease. Over the whole observation period, only in 2018–2019 the incidence of shigellosis in Karachay-Cherkessia was 1.3–1.8 times lower than in the country as a whole. We also established that, in contrast to the Russian Federation, Shigella sonnei represented by the biochemical variant IIg prevailed in the structure of shigellosis in the republic. The analysis of the relationship between the number of detected samples of dairy products of poor microbial quality and the incidence rate of Sonne dysentery showed that those two variables did not always correlate. Molecular genotyping of Shigella sonnei strains by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) allowed us to assume the imported nature of the pathogen. The import could have occurred during the Hajj to Mecca and Medina of KCR residents in 2012. Conclusion: Shigella sonnei strains differing in the presence of tetracycline and chloramphenicol (levomycetin) resistance determinants are circulating in Karachay-Cherkessia. No bacteria resistant to ciprofloxacin were isolated in the republic in 2005–2019.

scholarly journals Length of productive life the cows of Simmental breed

2021 ◽  
Vol 213 (10) ◽  
pp. 31-39
Author(s):  
L. Ignat'eva ◽  
A. Sermyagin
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
Productive Life ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Republic ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. The purpose of the research was to assess the duration of the length of productive life of Simmental cows. Methods. The research was carried out on Simmental cows bred in 14 regions of the Russian Federation, the total livestock was 8 832 heads. The calculation of the heritability coefficients and correlation (genetic and paratypic) was carried out by using the programs RENUMF90 and REMLF90. Results. A fairly strong relationship was established between the duration of a productive life (months) and the age of culling (lactations) r = +0.795, the length of productive life (months) and lifetime productivity within the range of +0.669…+0.714. However, the relationship between the age of culling (lactations) and lifetime productivity is moderate, from +0.261 to +0.316. A moderate negative relationship was obtained between the age of culling (lactations) and milk yield per first lactation from –0.472 to –0.486. The average relationship was found between milk yield per first lactation and lifetime productivity from +0.567 to +0.588. Cows of the Altai Territory (3.08 lactations or 61.6 months), the Republic of Mordovia (3.38 lactations or 62.4 months) and the Lipetsk region (3.40 lactations or 65.7 months) were distinguished by low age of culling. While the greatest length of productive life was noted in animals and Bryansk (5.48 lactations or 86.9 months) and Irkutsk regions (4.57 lactations or 77.1 months). Bryansk (23 630 kg of milk), Tyumen (18 156 kg) and Irkutsk (17 751 kg) regions occupied the leading positions in lifetime productivity of cows in the sample, while the outsiders were the regions of traditional cattle breeding - Altai Territory (12658 kg of milk), the Republic of Bashkiria (12 482 kg). Scientific novelty. For the population Simmental cattle of the Russian Federation, for the first time, an assessment of selection and genetic parameters of lifelong productivity and length of productive life of Simmental cows was carried out, depending on the breeding region.

scholarly journals Description of Outbreak of Acute Intestinal Infections in the Republic of Dagestan

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 93-95
Author(s):  
Z. G. Tagirova ◽  
D. R. Akhmedov ◽  
M. M. Magomedov ◽  
M. A. Gasanova ◽  
Z. M. Daniyalbekova
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Predominant Role ◽  
Intestinal Infections ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Republic

The incidence of acute intestinal infections (AII) in the Republic of Dagestan in 2015 was higher than in the Russian Federation as whole, 4.6 times. In the structure of the AII of the revealed etiology, Shigellosis plays a predominant role. The article analyzes the outbreak of shigellosis, registered in 2016 in Makhachkala

scholarly journals MORBIDITY IN THE REPUBLIC OF SOUTH OSSETIA FOR THE PERIOD FROM 2012 TO 2016 (GENERAL ASPECTS)

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 65-69
Author(s):  
S. N Puzin ◽  
I. G Gal ◽  
G. F Totchiev ◽  
Eduard N. Amerkhanov ◽  
N. V Dmitrieva
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
National Health System ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Reference Points ◽  
South Ossetia ◽  
Demographic Groups ◽  
Total Incidence ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Republic ◽  
General Aspects

The article presents the main indices of the morbidity - the general prevalence and incidence in the Republic of South Ossetia over the period from 2012 to 2016 for the main classes, groups and specific types of diseases, as well as for individual socio-demographic groups: the population over 18 years and children aged up to 18 years. Statistical data of the total incidence for 2012-2015 in The Republic of South Ossetia is considered in comparison with similar indices of the Russian Federation. The material reflecting the ranking of incidence rates per 100 thousand of the population is presented. The analysis of the morbidity, the study of statistical indices of the morbidity, both general prevalence, and incidence, as well as the dynamics over the period of 2012-2016, are the key reference points for the development of a corresponding resource for the emerging national health system of the Republic of South Ossetia. This is of particular interest in the implementation of the integration in cooperation between the Republic of South Ossetia and the Russian Federation.

scholarly journals Study of compliance to rational nutrition in various professional groups living in the Russian Federation and the Republic of Tajikistan

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 154-158
Author(s):  
Olga V. Sazonova ◽  
Komil N. Daburov ◽  
Dmitrii O. Gorbachev ◽  
Lyubov М. Borodina ◽  
Mikhail Y. Gavryushin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Statistical Processing ◽  
The Body ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Professional Groups ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Medical University ◽  
The Relationship

Objective to study the adherence to the principles of rational nutrition by representatives of various professional groups living in the Russian Federation and the Republic of Tajikistan. Material and methods.The study was conducted using a questionnaire-survey method among 543 mental workers of the Samara region and 158 students of the Avicenna Tajik State Medical University (Republic of Tajikistan), followed by statistical processing of the data. Results.Violations of the principles of rational nutrition are commonin various professional groups of the working-age population, including among students of a medical university. According to anthropometric studies, 61% of the surveyed workers were overweight and obese; in the group of students this indicator was only 8%, 29% of students were underweight. Violations of nutrition regimen were found among 31.1% of employees and 38% of students. Factor analysis of the actual nutrition of workers revealed 5 types of nutrition models characterized by a stereotype of eating behavior due to the consumption of certain foods and beverage. The regression analysis confirmed the relationship between the risk of obesity and adherence to types 2, 4 and 5 of nutritional models; an individual's adherence to nutritional model type 3 reduced this risk. In the group of the surveyed, the deterioration of the diet quality was revealed due to the excessive consumption of high-calorie foods, "fast food", sweet carbonated drinks, as well as insufficient consumption of vegetables, fruits, fish. The correlation analysis established the relationship between the body mass index and complaints presented by the survey participants concerning the cardiovascular, digestive, endocrine and musculoskeletal systems. The study identified the most common alimentary-dependent pathologies among students such as gastritis, chronic pancreatitis, and chronic cholecystitis. Conclusion.The revealed violations of the principles of rational nutrition, the nutritional status, form the risks of development of the gastrointestinal tract diseases, metabolic disorders and cardiovascular pathology. The results obtained indicate the need of preventive measures in relation to the adherence to the principles of rational nutrition, creating awareness in various professional groups of the population, including students of medical universities in different states.

Russia in the XXI century: a modernization project. Education. Economy. Society

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamerlan Aushev ◽  
Radik Bagautdinov ◽  
Nikolay Bolotov ◽  
Azat Valeeev ◽  
Artur Valeev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Banking System ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
Qualified Personnel ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Economic Modernization

The monograph is devoted to the role of higher education in the implementation of the tasks of socio-economic modernization of Russia in the XXI century. The authors explore the latest experience in training qualified personnel for the domestic banking system, public administration, and legal institutions. On the example of the Republic of Bashkortostan, the prospects for the participation of universities in the development of the scientific, educational and technological space of the subjects of the Russian Federation are analyzed. The article reveals the relationship between the development of the education system and the implementation of the priority directions of the state policy of the Russian Federation aimed at creating a knowledge economy and strengthening the competitive position of Russian business in the modern global economy.

scholarly journals Analysis of dynamics of total disability rate due to all kinds of traumas in the Russian Federation, the Southern federal district and its subjects in 2009-2014

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-24
Author(s):  
Yuriy I. Zacharchenko ◽  
V. V Belichenko
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Retirement Age ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Disability Rate ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Krasnodar Region ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Analysis Of Dynamics ◽  
Observation Period

The Main Bureau of Medical and Social Expertise in Krasnodar Region, Krasnodar, 350000, Russian Federation This article presents analysis of the dynamics of total disability resulting from traumas of all kinds in persons of all ages in the Russian Federation, the Southern Federal District and its subjects during the 6-year period (2009-2014). We revealed the following trends of disability. First of all, the total disability rate decreased in the Russian Federation, the Southern Federal District and its subjects, especially in 2013-2014. The rate of disability was high in middle-aged persons and low in retirement-age persons. The situation was critical and disability rate was high in the Republic of Kalmykia during the whole observation period. We observed low disability in the Astrakhan Region.

The right to life: A comparative analysis of the relevant norms of the Constitutions of the Republic of Azerbaijan and Russian Federation

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-32
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Death Penalty ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Right To Life ◽  
Human Right ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Right ◽  
Criminal Legislation

The relevance of the work is determined by the fact that the right to life belongs to the basic constitutional human rights, therefore, its observance and protection is the duty of the state. Despite its undeniable importance, today the right to life anywhere in the world is not really ensured in sufficient quantities. The constitutional consolidation of the right to life raises a number of issues related to the concept, nature, legislative and practical implementation of this right. It should be noted that various aspects of the human right to life were considered in the scientific works of G.B. Romanovsky, O.G. Selikhova, T.M. Fomichenko, A.B. Borisova, V.A. Ershov and other Russian authors. The aim of the study is to study and comparative analysis of the legal content of the constitutional norm that defines the right to life, to comprehend and identify possible problems of the implementation of this right. To achieve this goal, this article discusses relevant issues of ensuring the right to life, proclaimed by Article 20 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation and Article 27 of the Constitution of Azerbaijan Republic. The results of a comparative analysis of these constitutional norms and the relevant norms of industry law allow us to determine, that there is no contradiction between Article 20 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation and the norms of the criminal legislation of the Russian Federation, which imply the death penalty as an exceptional measure of punishment, because a moratorium has been imposed on the death penalty in the Russian Federation since April 16, 1997. However, after the abolition of the death penalty in the criminal legislation of the Republic of Azerbaijan in 1998, there was a discrepancy between parts II and III of Article 27 of the Constitution of the Republic of Azerbaijan and the criminal legislation of Azerbaijan Republic that requires the introduction of the necessary changes in the content of the analyzed constitutional norm. The value of the work is determined by the fact that the introduction of appropriate changes will contribute to the further improvement of the Constitution of the Republic of Azerbaijan and the effective implementation of the right to life of everyone.

SECTANITY IN THE CONTEXT OF MANIFESTATIONS OF MODERN RELIGIOUS EXTREMISM

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavel Agapov ◽  
Kirill Stepkin
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Religious Extremism ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Theoretical Foundations

The article considers the general theoretical foundations of the relationship of sectarianism and religious extremism in the Russian Federation. Practical examples of the role of destructive sects in modern religious extremism in the Russian Federation are given.

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