scholarly journals DESIGN AND EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF FLEXIBLE THRESHING UNIT FOR CHINESE CABBAGE SEEDS

2021 ◽  
pp. 333-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shengsheng Wang ◽  
Pan Chen ◽  
Jiangtao Ji ◽  
Mengqing Lu
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Cabbage ◽  
Feeding Rate ◽  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Interaction Force ◽  
Rotating Speed ◽  
Industry Standards ◽  
Breakage Rate ◽  
Harvesting Method ◽  
Low Efficiency ◽  
Movement Parameters

In order to solve the problems of low efficiency of artificial harvesting method and high breakage rate and undepurated rate of traditional threshing method, a new flexible threshing device of Chinese cabbage seeds was designed, which was composed of flexible round head nail teeth and circular tube concave plate. Hertz contact collision theory was used to analyze and determine the structural parameters of the new threshing unit. The interaction force of different threshing elements materials were analyzed by using EDEM. The feasibility of the flexible threshing unit was verified by the comparison test of the distribution of threshed mixture. Finally, the orthogonal test was carried out to study the influence of the movement parameters of each structure on the cleaning rate and the rate of undepurated, and the weight matrix method was used to optimize it. The results indicate that under the condition the rotating speed of the threshing cylinder 750 rpm, the concave clearance 20 mm, and the feeding rate 1.4 kg/s, the threshing performance of the flexible threshing unit was the best. At this time, the breaking rate was 0.064%, and the un-threshing rate was 0.67%, which both met the relevant industry standards.

scholarly journals DESIGN AND EXPERIMENT OF TRANSPLANTING MACHINE FOR CABBAGE SUBSTRATE BLOCK SEEDLINGS

2021 ◽  
pp. 375-384
Author(s):  
Zhichao Cui ◽  
Chunsong Guan ◽  
Tao Xu ◽  
Jingjing Fu ◽  
Yongsheng Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Block Size ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
Conveyor Belt ◽  
Forward Speed ◽  
Separation Device ◽  
Belt Speed ◽  
Industry Standards ◽  
Low Efficiency ◽  
Transplanting Machine

Aiming at the problems of high specificity and low efficiency of vegetable transplanting machine, a substrate block seedling transplanter was designed. Through theoretical calculation and force analysis, the structural parameters of two key components of automatic seedling separation device and planting device are determined. Taking cabbage seedlings with 40 × 40 × 40mm substrate block size as the experimental object, the effects of forward speed, planting frequency, front conveyor belt speed on lodging rate, missing rate and qualified rate were studied by single factor test and three factor three-level orthogonal test. Based on the analysis of the significance and interaction of the experimental data, the best combination of the forward speed of 1.1km/h, the planting frequency of 55 plants / min and the front conveyor belt speed of 0.5km/h was obtained. The verification test of the best combination showed that the average qualified rate of planting was 93.31%, which met the relevant industry standards.

Characterization of Friction Stir Welding on Aluminum

2009 ◽  
Vol 68 ◽  
pp. 167-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerry Wong ◽  
Patricia del C. Zambrano ◽  
Martha Patrizia Guerrero-Mata ◽  
Victor Mucino ◽  
Rafael Colás
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Carrying Capacity ◽  
Feeding Rate ◽  
Load Carrying Capacity ◽  
Rotating Speed ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Load Carrying ◽  
Scanning Electron

A series of linear and spot stir welding friction tests were carried out on aluminum samples of 1 mm in thickness and area of 100 mm x 27 mm. The tool rotating speed was varied from 2000 to 4000 RPM and the feeding rate from 45 to 67.8 mm/min. The temperature distribution during welding was measured by thermocouples inserted within the aluminum strips. The microstructure of the welded nuggets and the HAZ were analyzed by optical and scanning electron microscopy. Some samples were tested intension to measure the load carrying capacity of the welded bead. Preliminary analyses indicate that the temperature at the heat affected zone increases with the rotating speed.

Theoretical and Experimental Studies of Internal Cuttings Removal Bit

2020 ◽  
Vol 143 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tong Cao ◽  
Kaian Yu ◽  
Wenxing Li ◽  
Xuyue Chen ◽  
Hongwu Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Drilling Fluid ◽  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Cone Angle ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Polycrystalline Diamond ◽  
Screw Conveyor ◽  
Rotating Speed ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Two Samples

Abstract The oil and gas exploration without rig (also known as badger exploration) is a novel exploration technology that removes the need for fixed rig drilling, bringing with it the promise of huge savings in terms of time and money and its low impact on the environment. The implementation of this technology is an autonomous exploration tool, which can drill into rock using an electrically powered bit to loosen and crush the formation ahead of it, and crushed cuttings is moved through the device and deposited in the space behind it. Because there is no drilling fluid in badger drilling, a new way of transporting cuttings is urgently needed. In this paper, a new kind of bit named internal cuttings removal (ICR) bit is developed for badger exploration, and it can not only drill rock but also collect and transport cuttings to the bit behind through the inner cavity of the bit. Compared with the common polycrystalline diamond compact (PDC) bit, the junk slots are removed, but the helical blades and screw conveyor are added on the ICR bit. Theoretically, the two effects of rotating helical blades on cuttings moving are studied, based on the conditions of low and high rotating speed, respectively. Moreover, the rate of cuttings removal of the ICR bit is given in formulas, and in order to ensure the cuttings is removed from bottomhole timely, and the maximum permissible rate of penetration (ROP) of the ICR bit is proposed. Finally, two samples of the ICR bit with different structural parameters were built and tested in dry and wet rock drilling experiments, and experimental results show that the ICR bit can achieve the expected goal of ICR, but wet cuttings has a significant influence on the performance of the ICR bit. By comparing the drilling results of two bits, it can be found that the concave blade surface, a small number of blades, and small inner cone angle have the positive effects on the cuttings removal of the ICR bit. The above work is helpful for the development and implementation of badger exploration technology.

Optimal Desigh of Self-Sealing Low Friction and Non-Leakage Plunger Pump

2010 ◽  
Vol 156-157 ◽  
pp. 1653-1657
Author(s):  
Xiu Ting Han ◽  
Xiao Dong Li ◽  
Yan Lou Wang ◽  
Chuan Xu Zhang ◽  
Jun Liang Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Pump Efficiency ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Plunger Pump ◽  
Good Energy ◽  
New Type ◽  
Orthogonal Parameters ◽  
Low Efficiency ◽  
Saving Effect

A new type of wear-resistant hydraulic feedback self-sealing plunger pump is proposed. finite element analysis and optimal design of orthogonal parameters are applied to determine the structural parameters. The pump overcomes the conventional piston friction, low efficiency, short life. Laboratory tests showed that the pump free down stroke, full returns, leakage reduction 1,000 times than the standard API. Field experiments indicate that pump efficiency attain to 60-80%, achieved a good energy saving effect of improving the pump efficiency.

scholarly journals Structural parameters for X-ray micro-computed tomography (μCT) and their relationship with the breakage rate of maize varieties

Plant Methods ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Junfeng Hou ◽  
Ying Zhang ◽  
Xiuliang Jin ◽  
Pengfei Dong ◽  
Yanan Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Specific Surface ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Specific Surface Area ◽  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Cavity Volume ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Maize Varieties ◽  
Breakage Rate ◽  
Maize Grain ◽  
Grain Breakage

Abstract Background High grain breakage rate is the main limiting factor encountered in the mechanical harvest of maize grain. X-ray micro-computed tomography (μCT) scanning technology could be used to obtain the three-dimensional structure of maize grain. Currently, the effect of maize grain structure on the grain breakage rate, determined using X-ray μCT scanning technology, has not been reported. Therefore, the objectives of this study are: (i) to obtain the shape, geometry, and structural parameters related to the breakage rate using X-ray μCT scanning technology; (ii) to explore relationships between these parameters and grain breakage rate. Result In this study, 28 parameters were determined using X-ray μCT scanning technology. The maize breakage rate was mainly influenced by the grain specific surface area, subcutaneous cavity volume, sphericity, and density. In particular, the breakage rate was directly affected by the subcutaneous cavity volume and density. The maize variety with high density and low subcutaneous cavity volume had a low breakage rate. The specific surface area (r = 0.758*), embryo specific surface area (r = 0.927**), subcutaneous cavity volume ratio (0.581*), and subcutaneous cavity volume (0.589*) of maize grain significantly and positively correlated with breakage rate. The cavity specific surface area (− 0.628*) and grain density (− 0.934**) of maize grain significantly and negatively correlated with grain breakage rates. Grain shape (length, width, thickness, and aspect ratio) positively correlated with grain breakage rate but the correlation did not reach statistical significance. The susceptibility of grain breakage increased when kernel weight decreased (− 0.371), but the effect was not significant. Conclusions The results indicate that X-ray μCT scanning technology could be effectively used to evaluate maize grain breakage rate. X-ray μCT scanning technology provided a more precise and comprehensive acquisition method to evaluate the shape, geometry, and structure of maize grain. Thus, data gained by X-ray μCT can be used as a guideline for breeding resistant breakage maize varieties. Grain density and subcutaneous cavity volume are two of the most important factors affecting grain breakage rate. Grain density, in particular, plays a vital role in grain breakage and this parameter can be used to predict the breakage rate of maize varieties.

Analysis of Horizontal Air-Separator Field of Municipal Solid Waste Based on CFD

2014 ◽  
Vol 1030-1032 ◽  
pp. 1155-1162
Author(s):  
Shu Liang Zou ◽  
Yi Qiang Liu ◽  
De Wen Tang
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Internal Flow ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Comprehensive Treatment ◽  
Low Efficiency ◽  
Air Separator

The preceding separating technology of municipal solid waste is the premise and key to realizing waste comprehensive treatment and improving resource utilization. To the low efficiency of paper and plastic's separation, using the basic structural parameters of Horizontal air-separator, a finite element model is established based on Gambit software. Targeting at the pressure distribution and velocity distribution of the internal flow field under the condition of different wind direction and different wind speed, CFD is used for the analysis, and results shows that the wind angle between 15° and 20° and wind speed between 12 m/s and 14m/s is the optimum condition to get an ideal purity and efficiency of the light waste when winnowing domestic waste in the city of southern China.

Detection of Bearing Spalling Faults Using IAS Monitoring System - Experimental Studies on the Influence of Operating and Environmental Parameters

2013 ◽  
Vol 569-570 ◽  
pp. 433-440
Author(s):  
Adeline Bourdon ◽  
Hugo André ◽  
Didier Rémond
Keyword(s):  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Structural Response ◽  
Deep Understanding ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Angular Speed ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Rotating Speed ◽  
Bearing Fault

Experimental works carried out in recent years have demonstrated the feasibility of detecting a bearing fault through the spectral analysis of the Instantaneous Angular Speed (IAS) in the angular domain. Since these works have been carried out on complex mechanical systems (automotive gearboxes, vehicle wheels, wind turbines), neither the influence of operating parameters, nor the influence of structural parameters over the observed angular speed variations have been clearly identified. However, the implementation of effective tools for condition monitoring prospects requires a deep understanding of these interactions. In this regard, a test bench has been designed to allow defective bearing monitoring through IAS observation of a simple shaft running under varying loads and speeds, the system being simple enough to be easily described in various kind of mechanical or phenomenological models. The aim of this paper is to present a better understanding of the relationships between the speed variation induced by the monitored fault, the structural response and the observed phenomena. In the first part results obtained for a healthy bearing will be analyzed. These initial results serve as a reference for analysis of the results obtained with bearing defects. Coupled with dynamic modeling, they will also highlight the existence of a low frequency torsion mode. The results of this first part also highlight the wider interest of the IAS analysis for the study of rotating systems. In a second part, the measurements are performed with bearings having spalling type defects on their outer ring. The aim of this section is to estimate the influence of operating conditions on IAS monitored indicators. All these results will provide further phenomenological explanations of coupling between bearing fault and rotating speed.

scholarly journals Development of multi-functional combine harvester with grain harvesting and straw baling

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. e0202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhong Tang ◽  
Yaoming Li ◽  
Cheng Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Feeding Rate ◽  
Variable Mass ◽  
Integrated Design ◽  
Labor Cost ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Rotating Speed ◽  
Reduce Labor Cost ◽  
Combine Harvester ◽  
Straw Bale

The decomposition and burning of straw results in serious environmental pollution, and research is needed to improve strategies for straw collection to reduce pollution. This work presents an integrated design of multi-functional rice combine harvester that allows grain harvesting and straw baling. This multi-functional combine harvester could reduce the energy consumption required for rice harvesting and simplify the process of harvesting and baling. The transmission schematic, matching parameters and the rotation speed of threshing cylinder and square baler were designed and checked. Then the evaluation of grain threshing and straw baling were tested on a transverse threshing cylinders device tes rig and straw square bales compression test rig. The test results indicated that, with a feeding rate of 3.0 kg/s, the remaining straw flow rate at the discharge outlet was only 1.22 kg/s, which indicates a variable mass threshing process by the transverse threshing cylinder. Then the optimal diameter, length and rotating speed of multi-functional combine harvester transverse threshing cylinder were 554 mm, 1590 mm, and 850 r/min, respectively. The straw bale compression rotating speed of crank compression slider and piston was 95 r/min. Field trials by the multi-functional combine harvester formed bales with height×width×length of 40×50×54-63 cm, bale mass of 22.5 to 26.0 kg and bale density 206 to 216 kg/m3. This multi-functional combine harvester could be used for stem crops (such as rice, wheat and soybean) grain harvesting and straw square baling, which could reduce labor cost and power consumption.

Construction of 7YGS-45 Type Orchard Transport Automatic Control Test Platform

2011 ◽  
Vol 201-203 ◽  
pp. 1396-1401 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shan Jun Li ◽  
Jun Jun Xing ◽  
Yan Lin Zhang ◽  
Xue Jie Li ◽  
Qi Zhou Fan
Keyword(s):  
Automatic Control ◽  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Steel Wire ◽  
Slope Angle ◽  
Driving Mechanism ◽  
Control Test ◽  
Rotating Speed ◽  
Test Conditions ◽  
Test Platform ◽  
Control Part

In order to solve the problems during the mountain orchard transportation, the 7YGS-45 type self-propelled duel-track orchard transport was developed. Since the optimization of operating parameters and structure parameters are difficult to be settled at the site of installation, so it’s necessary to construct the automatic control test platform. The Platform is mainly consists of rack section, automatic control part and testing part and other components, and can be used to analyze the changing index of wheel pair’s structural parameters of the driving mechanism, when under the different situations of loading capacity, pre-load, running-speed, and slope angle; spindle torque and rotating-speed of the driving mechanism; wear rate of driving wheel’s groove; and slipping rate of steel wire rope. The platform can also be used to test the overall performance’s parameters of other small track transports, and provide test conditions and theoretical analysis basis for optimization of the transport’s performance, which absolutely has application values.

Design and Development of New Type Conductor Delivery of Air-Suction Metering Device

2015 ◽  
Vol 775 ◽  
pp. 78-82
Author(s):  
Shi Guo Wang ◽  
Jian Ming Kang ◽  
Li Min Yan
Keyword(s):  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Transmission Mechanism ◽  
Optimal Parameters ◽  
Rotating Speed ◽  
Type Device ◽  
Furrow Opener ◽  
Variation Rate ◽  
New Type ◽  
Walking Velocity ◽  
Qualification Rate

The variation rate of seed-spaces in soil is higher and the qualification rate is lower due to the high seed releasing position of double discs furrow opener of no-tillage planter. To solve this problem, a new belt-type device for air-suction metering was designed and its main structural parameters was determined based on the cavitation time analysis of seed meter. This device integrated both transmission mechanism and seed releasing mechanism into one system, matching with the rotating speed of seed disc and the walking velocity speed of planter. The optimal parameters in relating to seeding performance were obtained by orthogonal test. When the seed releasing height is 100 mm, the rotational speed of seed disc is 30 r/min and the pressure of negative room is 3.5 kpa, the qualification rate of seed-space, the missing rate and multiple rate of seed per hill can be 98.5%, 0.48% and 1.02%, respectively.

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