scholarly journals THE VEGETAL CODE FUNCTIONING IN THE TRADITIONAL CULTURE OF THE PEOPLES OF THE VOLGA REGION (ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE FOLKLORE OF THE MORDVA-ERZYA AND MOKSHA)

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 439-445
Author(s):  
Vladimir Ilich Rogachev ◽  
Elena Nikolaevna Vaganova ◽  
Liailia Ihsanovna Mingazova

One of the ways of categorization of reality through the vegetal code of culture is considered through the example of folklore of Mordva-Erzya and Moksha. The sacred nature of this code and the mechanism of its correlation with the worldview of man is of particular interest. The research reveals their close connection with the aesthetic associations developed by folk culture for many centuries and strengthened in the minds of Erzya and Moksha, and in general, the Finno-Ugric peoples as standards of beauty. The described fragment of the linguistic picture of the world is a complex system of images, which reflect the archaic structures of consciousness, the oldest archetypal and mythological representations. An extensive paradigm of images included in this ethnic culture is considered in the context of the system of traditional images of other peoples of the Volga region, inter-ethnic parallels are drawn. The reconstruction based on the materials of Mordovian folklore through the prism of the vegetal code of culture helps to recreate the features of perception and understanding of the phenomena of reality, to detect natural inter-ethnic similarities and differences.

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 78-86
Author(s):  
Inna Gorofyanyuk ◽  

Podolia is an ethnographic region of Ukraine, which is known for active interethnic contacts for many centuries, which, on the one hand, have systematically enriched the Podolsk spiritual and material culture, and on the other hand, in various spheres of the traditional culture of the Podolians, there is a preservation of many Slavic archaic elements. The article presents the archaic elements of the traditional culture of the Ukrainians of Podolia in traditional family rituals – birthlore, wedding and funeral on the material of the verbal component of the cultural text. Field records of dialectal texts, made by the author in 2006–2014 in more than 100 villages of Vinnitsa region served as empirical basis of the study. The family rites texts attest the realization of the main semantic oppositions of the Slavic picture of the world: "top" – "bottom", "full" – "empty", "own" – "alien". The motives of the cult of ancestors, deception of death, syncretism of agrarian and family rituals are elements of the archaic, which constitute an essential part of the folk consciousness and beliefs of the Podolians. Several fragments of the folk culture of the Ukrainians of Podolia presented in the article through the prism of the comparative typological analysis, with the involvement of data from other Slavic traditions, signal the preservation of the general archaic fund of the spiritual culture of the Slavs


2019 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-45
Author(s):  
Marina A. Ostrenkova

This article is devoted to the methods of acquainting students with the language of traditional culture (folklore) in school education. Such knowledge is expected to promote students’ awareness of the ethical and aesthetic values inherent in folk culture texts. A search for cultural information can be performed through a linguocultural study. This article presents such a research study entitled “Zachem ranshe zazyvali vesnu” (Why did they use to invite spring) aimed at revealing the specific features of folk texts that were used by Russian people to make spring to come. The semantics of textual artefacts is analysed in terms of their ethical and aesthetic significance.


Author(s):  
Rafael Sánchez-Mateos Paniagua

Los museos y archivos de cultura tradicional popular conciernen intensamente a la memoria material de los trabajos reproductivos que sostienen la vida realizados por mujeres, pero también a los lazos intelectuales y profesionales que muchas de ellas, con relativa frecuencia, establecieron con el campo de la etnología y la etnografía y sus instituciones. En el marco de los estudios culturales, este artículo explora estos museos considerados menores, invisibles o irrelevantes para el presente, a menudo almacenados, dispersos y subalternizados, sino desaparecidos. Específicamente, se analiza el caso del malogrado Museo del Pueblo Español (1934-1993) y el papel que en él desempeñaron distintas mujeres, en especial Carmen Baroja y Nessi (1883-1950). Sus memorias autobiográficas invitan a explorar cómo una experiencia de modernidad y feminista puede vincularse a una sensibilidad interclasista en torno a la cultura popular tradicional de manera no esencialista o identitaria, sino material y vital. Un enfoque que puede ser inspirador a la hora de pensar alternativas al orden androcéntrico del mundo, útiles en el trabajo de imaginar, no solo un museo feminista, sino también una nueva sociedad. AbstractFolk museums and the archives of traditional culture are intensely related not only to the material memory of the reproductive and life-sustaining work carried out by women, but to the intellectual and professional links that many women quite often established both with ethnology and ethnography, and their respective institutions. Within the framework of cultural studies, this article addresses these minor and ‘ghost’ museums of folk culture, those either considered irrelevant to the present, or otherwise hidden away, dispersed, subalternized, and, ultimately, disappeared. Specifically, this study focuses on the case of the Museum of The Spanish People (1934-1993) and the women professionals who played a direct role in its curation, with special attention placed on the figure of Carmen Baroja y Nessi (1883-1950). Her autobiographical memoirs invite us to explore the question of how a modern and feminist experience can be linked to an interclassist sensitivity for traditional popular culture that is neither essentialist nor identity-based, but, rather, material and vitalistic: an approach which could inspire us to think of alternatives to the androcentric order of the world, and which remains useful for the work of imagining, not only a feminist museum, but a new society as well.


2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-153
Author(s):  
Anastasiia Gubaidullina ◽  

The article focuses on Mikhail Yasnov’s poetry that is addressed to children of different ages, from younger preschoolers to older schoolchildren. Yasnov’s poetry is viewed as a corpus of texts united by several general principles: among them are the harmony of childhood and the child’s trust in the world. Another unifying principle is poetic dialogue, manifested at different levels of literary texts: from characters and imagery to metatextuality and the author’s consciousness. Dialogue in this paper is understood as overcoming a single point of view, an attempt to go beyond the personal I motivated by the attention to the Other. Yasnov’s poetry focuses on the search for similarities and differences between the phenomena of reality as it presents many voices and life positions. The concept of dialogue has great moral potential in children’s poetry as it contributes to the formation of empathy and development of self-knowledge in children. The aesthetic value of dialogue lays in the enrichment of the thematic and figurative structure of the lyrics.


2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 324-329
Author(s):  
Marina Cosumov

Abstract Man is the only being that lives in the world not only biologically, but also spiritually, essentially due to education, which is permanent, continuous, omnipresent and creates values. Lifelong education represents an organizational and philosophic principle which requires that lifelong education throughout a person’s existence determines each individual to develop his/her personality with the help of a complex system of means, which must meet his/her educational and cultural needs and ambitions. Art is the fundamental dimension of education that uses in the development of personality the educational potential of the aesthetic, social and natural beauty.


Author(s):  
М. АБДОЛЛАХИ

Символика числа представляет большой интерес в контексте исследования эпических произведений. Семантике чисел в фольклорных источниках посвящено большое количество работ, но нет сопоставительных исследований по символике чисел в эпосе иранских народов и осетин. Между тем, в исторической науке надежно доказано, что персы и осетины близки по своим историческим корням, культурным и общественным связям, которые нашли отражение в Шахнаме Фирдоуси, неоднократно упоминавшего алан в своем произведении. Иранские народы обладают богатой эпической традицией, уходящей в глубокую древность и сохранившей культурные, мифологические и религиозные символы. И в осетинском Нартовском эпосе, и в Шахнаме широко используется концепт «число» как базовый концепт культуры. В настоящей статье ставится задача исследования концепта «число» в персидском и осетинском эпосах, выявления сходства и различий в интерпретации их символики. Известно, что числа с давних пор играют важную роль в жизни людей в разных уголках мира и, кроме количественного показателя, имеют скрытые смысловые коды. Изучение этих смыслов и влияния качественных и смысловых характеристик некоторых чисел, таких как три, четыре, семь, тринадцать, сорок и других, на жизнь персов и осетин показывает их значительное сходство. В результате исследования доказано, что числа, представленные в Шахнаме и эпических сказаниях о нартах, неразрывно связаны с мифологическим сознанием народов, с сакральной символикой их традиционной культуры и свидетельствуют об общих исторических корнях, культурных контактах и влияниях. The symbolism of the number evokes great interest in the context of the study of epic works. Extensive research and theory view the semantics of numbers in the folklore sources, but no comparative studies on the symbolism of numbers in the epic of the Iranian peoples and the Ossetians have been undertaken so far. However, it is reliably proven in the historical science that the Persians and the Ossetians share common historical roots, are bound by cultural and social ties. This fact is reflected in Shahnameh by Ferdowsi, who repeatedly mentioned Alan in his work. The Iranian peoples have a rich epic tradition, which goes back to ancient times and has preserved cultural, mythological and religious symbols. Both in the the Ossetian Narts’ epic, and in Shakhnameh, the concept of «Number» is widely used as the basic concept of culture. The task of the present article is to study the concept of «Number» in the Persian and Ossetian epics, to identify similarities and differences in the interpretation of their symbols. It is known that numbers have long played an important role in people’s lives in different parts of the world and, apart from the quantitative index they have hidden semantic codes. The study of these meanings and the influence of the qualitative and semantic characteristics of certain numbers, such as three, four, seven, thirteen, forty and others, on the life of the Persians and the Ossetians shows their considerable similarity. As a result of the research it was proved that the numbers presented in Shahnameh and the epic legends about the Narts are inextricably linked with the mythological consciousness of peoples, with sacred symbols of their traditional culture and testify to common historical roots, cultural contacts and influences.


2021 ◽  
pp. 329-345
Author(s):  
Liu Hu

The article is devoted to the snake-like mythological characters, found in the mythology of Chinese Shandong province in comparison with South Slavic word on the example of the Serbian tradition. The article presents an analysis of the names of mythological characters through the two languages on the basis of the ethnic tradition. The images of snake-like mythological characters, etiological legends, local rituals and folk customs in the Shandong province and the Serbian tradition are also considered. This study shows how the mythological perception of reality is reflected in the cultural code and in the language picture of the world. The characters can be divided according to the appearance into zoomorphic and anthropomorphic ones. The names of various snake-like characters, corresponding to the presentational carrier of the ethnic culture in Shandong province and Serbia, show typological and individual differences. In the analysis of cultural vocabulary common linguistic phenomena were found, such as taboo words, euphemisms, etc. In the mythology of Shandong province and Serbia, the images of snake-like characters have similarities and differences, reflecting the human perception and cognitive process. The study uses the methodology of the Moscow ethnolinguistics school, aimed at the reconstruction of spiritual culture.


Slovene ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 322-346
Author(s):  
Alexander V. Gura

The article discusses the use of linguistic harmony in traditional culture as a means of symbolisation. In folklore texts, the phonetic similarity of the words heightens the semantic connections between them. This happens when homonyms, paronyms, and other similar-sounding words in the text along with anagrammatic coding of the meaning of the text (for example, riddles) merge, combining two words in one hybrid word paronymous with both of them; by means of phonetic strengthening, complex sound compilation of the text as a whole, as frequently seen in poetry, etc. Symbolic correlations based on verbal consonances usually occur in spells, conjurations, dream interpretations, superstitions, and rituals that have a magical function (prognostic, healing, etc.). In archaic elements of the poetry, the harmony of the words combines an aesthetic function with a magical one (merging more and more with the aesthetic one over time), which allows us to talk about their true syncretism and the magical origins of poetry. Sound and logical-conceptual methods of symbolisation often interact with each other. The symbolism generated by the harmony of words fits into a wide cultural context, revealing deep-semantic cultural parallels from different eras and communities, since the supraindividual memory operating in culture is able to store and bring to life the accumulated connotations. Symbolism arising from the consonances of words has the property of reviving the etymological memory of a word in cultural contexts. In some archaic Slavic zones, symbolism, based on consonant words, still retains its productivity. In the symbolic language of the culture, it also performs a structuring function, takes part in the formation of connections and relationships between the single elements of the traditional picture of the world setting up certain parameters for it, for example, it forms parallels in folk zoology in animal and bird codes, isolating single groups of characters.


2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
Kunal Debnath

High culture is a collection of ideologies, beliefs, thoughts, trends, practices and works-- intellectual or creative-- that is intended for refined, cultured and educated elite people. Low culture is the culture of the common people and the mass. Popular culture is something that is always, most importantly, related to everyday average people and their experiences of the world; it is urban, changing and consumeristic in nature. Folk culture is the culture of preindustrial (premarket, precommodity) communities.


Author(s):  
ALEXANDRA A. TROITSKAYA

The two main approaches to the use of the comparative method in legal research, functional and cultural, have some "predetermined" considerations regarding the results that will (or should) be discovered by comparing various legal phenomena — should the emphasis be on similarities or differences between these phenomena. These considerations are based on the vision of, respectively, the universal or pluralistic nature of law of various societies, and in fact they are able to correct substantially the process of cognition of legal phenomena using the comparative method, adjusting it to the desired result. In the case of similarities, we can talk about artificially narrowing the circle of countries under investigation. In the case of differences, the isolation of systems and the uniqueness of their cultural characteristics are unreasonably exaggerated. The alternative assumptions presented in the theory of comparative law regarding the existence of universal principles of law or the fundamental uniqueness of each legal system require a critical rethinking of constitutional provisions and practice in comparative studies. The use of the comparative method in constitutional law is not reducible to the implementation of the ideas of political philosophy, and objective conclusions should not be replaced by predetermined normative guidelines. The similarities and differences revealed by the researcher of constitutional ideas, norms and practices can be considered as a result of comparison of independent value.Constitutional law is associated with a variety of substantial constructs existing in the world, not excluding, however, their intercommunication. Understanding these constructions requires attention to both the similarities and the differences in specific legal orders (as well as the reasons for their functioning in this, and not another form). The use of the comparative method in the absence of striving for predetermined results is simultaneously aimed at understanding the laws of development of constitutional institutions and maintaining the horizon of their diversity as an important component of this development. Each time, the researcher should distance himself from his prejudices regarding the similarities or differences between the institutes under study, rechecking whether the obtained results are really the results of applying the comparative method, and not the initial constructions.The logic of a comparative study corresponds to the construction of theories of "middle level", aimed at forming the theoretical model of a particular legal in-stitution, taking into account the practice of implementing this institution in specific states. The focus on middle-level theories within the framework of the comparative method allows one to go beyond the description of single systems, formulate conclusions at the level of generalization that ensure the comparability of the studied objects, and at the same time maintain an understanding of the diversity of constitutional models.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document