scholarly journals SCHOOL EDUCATION AS A FACTOR OF PRESERVATION OF THE NATIVE LANGUAGE IN A MULTINATIONAL REGION (USING THE EXAMPLE OF SCHOOL EDUCATION IN THE UDMURT LANGUAGE IN BASHKORTOSTAN)

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-24
Author(s):  
Fail Gabdullovich Safin ◽  
Elvira Anvarovna Mukhtasarova ◽  
Aigul Il`yasovna Khaliullina
Keyword(s):  
Native Language ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
School Education ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Ministry Of Education ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Government ◽  
Almost All ◽  
The Russian Language

Based on the materials of the current archive of the Ministry of Education of the Republic of Bashkortostan, this article makes an attempt to study the preservation of the native language on the example of school education in the Udmurt language in 1970-2018. An analysis of the dynamics of the network of national schools in the Udmurt language over the specified period showed that the number of schools and the number of students studying in their native language tended to sharply decline. The main reason for this process was the transference of the Udmurt schools into the Russian language of education, which was carried out as a part of the language policy of the party and the government in the 1970s. The role of the Russian language in the educational process in the national republics was strengthening in several stages and lasted until the end of the 1980s. By this time, almost all schools with the Udmurt language in the republic had been translated into Russian. The Udmurt language was learnt only as a subject. In the post-Soviet period, the Udmurt school in Bashkortostan has not undergone fundamental changes. The Udmurt language is mainly studied as a subject. In a number of schools in the primary school the children are educated in the native Udmurt language.

scholarly journals Russian as a native language in the post-Soviet space in comparison with the results of the 1989 census

2021 ◽  
pp. 79
Author(s):  
Andrei Manakov
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Native Language ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Russian Population ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Soviet Space ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Russian Language ◽  
Post Soviet Period ◽  
Post Soviet Space

In the post-Soviet period, there was a significant narrowing of the Russian language distribution space. The aim of the study is to identify the changes that have taken place since the collapse of the Soviet Union at the level of the post-Soviet countries in the number and proportion of people who named Russian their native language. The novelty of this study is based on the level of regions in the post-Soviet space and the analysis of the dynamics of such indicators as to the share of the non-Russian population, who named Russian their native language. Almost all post-Soviet states experienced a decrease in the number and share of the Russian-speaking population. Currently, the minimum indicators of the proportion of Russians and Russian-speaking people are characterized by the states of Transcaucasia, as well as Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, and Turkmenistan. The biggest losses in the post-Soviet period of both the Russian and Russian-speaking population, in relative terms, were experienced by Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan. A special dynamics of these indicators have developed in two states — in the Republic of Belarus and Ukraine. In these countries, the part of the biethnic population that adopted the identity of the titular ethnic group retained the Russian language. Russian, for example, has declined more rapidly in Ukraine than in the categories of people who consider Russian as their native language, and this has led to a decline in the number and share of the Russian population. The situation in the Republic of Belarus, which is unique in the post-Soviet space, was the result of the 1995 referendum that established the status of the state language for Russian. As a result, along with the decrease in the Russian population in the Republic of Belarus, there has been a significant increase in the category of citizens who named Russian their native language.

scholarly journals TRADITIONAL AND MODERN IN TEACHING RUSSIAN: ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (34) ◽  
Author(s):  
O.A GRACHEVA ◽  
◽  
P.A KOPYLOVA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Native Language ◽  
Traditional Approach ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Necessary Condition ◽  
Modern Approach ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Technological Search ◽  
The Russian Language

Purpose: finding the optimal way of transferring knowledge of the Russian language to students. Methods: comparative, analysis and synthesis of the studied phenomenon - methods that make it possible to determine the advantages and disadvantages of teaching the Russian language. Results. The conceptual and technological search for the achievement of knowledge by students is associated with the ability of teachers to teach students to love their native language, hoping to endow literature in the educational process with a special status - a mentor of the soul, a giver of experience, an inspirer of thought. Teaching and learning to love the Russian language is an extremely important task, since the success of the entire educational process, the success of personality formation, depends on this love and respect for the native language. The adjusted dosage of the presentation of knowledge deprives the student of the vision of the entire language system and does not instill a flair for the language, and most importantly, admiration for the native language. Conclusions. The article emphasizes the importance of teaching students the Russian language as a necessary condition for the success of the entire educational process. When teaching the Russian language, it is advisable to rely on the linguistics of the traditional approach, enriched by the research of linguodidacts, taking into account the achievements in the development of technologies of the modern approach, including computer ones, seeking to improve the student's linguistic self-expression and interest in learning their native language, as well as in literature - a guide for students into the world of great culture.

scholarly journals Features of newspaper headlines in the Russian-language press in Armenia

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 436-452
Author(s):  
Naira I. Martiryan
Keyword(s):  
Russian Language ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Grammatical Structure ◽  
Linguistic Features ◽  
Continuous Sampling ◽  
The Republic ◽  
June July ◽  
Almost All ◽  
The Russian Language ◽  
Modern Russian

The coverage of significant world events in various mass media and the attitude of the journalists differ substantially. Newspaper headlines give the opportunity to navigate in the information flow and find the most important and interesting information. The headlines of the Russian-language newspapers in the Republic of Armenia are analyzed. The relevance of the research lies in the need to study headings from the point of view of their functions, grammatical structure, the use of punctuation marks in them, and their semantic components. The aim of the study is to identify and describe the grammatical, semantic, punctuation features and functions of headings in the Russian-language press in Armenia. The following methods were used: continuous sampling, statistical, descriptive, including methods of observation and comparison, component analysis, comparative analysis. The research material included the articles of the newspapers Respublika Armenia and Golos Armenii of June - July 2021. Based on the results of the research, the following conclusions were made: in the Russian-language press of Armenia, all types of sentences are used as headlines; almost all punctuation marks are used in the titles; headings form thematically organized groups. The peculiarities of the headlines of the modern Russian-language press in Armenia are determined by such factors as the tendency of the language to expressiveness, dialogue, democratization, creativity and the author's principle in the design of the heading. Taking into account the tendency to change the proportion of types of speech activity and highlight the most demanded and important at the present time - reading, the study of the linguistic features of the newspaper and journalistic style, in particular the headlines, is very relevant. The results of the study are promising, since they make a significant contribution to the study of the modern Russian-language press in the Republic of Armenia.

scholarly journals ETHNIC-LANGUAGE PROCESSES AMONG THE KUMANDY, TUBALARS AND CHELKANS IN THE 19TH — EARLY 21ST CENTURIES

2021 ◽  
pp. 139-157
Author(s):  
Василий Владимирович Николаев ◽  
Екатерина Викторовна Самушкина
Keyword(s):  
Native Language ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Minority Languages ◽  
Soviet Government ◽  
Ethnic Language ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Russian Language ◽  
Collective Farms

Статья посвящена проблеме языковой идентичности кумандинцев, тубаларов и челканцев. В статье будут рассмотрены этноязыковые процессы, определено современное состояние и дана характеристика перспектив развития этноязыковой ситуации у трех коренных малочисленных тюркоязычных народов Алтая. На основе анализа архивных источников (материалов делопроизводственных документов региональной власти, Всероссийской сельскохозяйственной переписи 1917 г.), опубликованных данных переписей, глубинных интервью, результатов соцопроса представлены процессы этнолингвистической трансформации среди коренных малочисленных народов предгорий Северного Алтая. В ходе исследования выявлены факторы, повлиявшие на изменение языковой картины, а также последствия трансформаций для данных этнических групп. Доказано, что на протяжении XIX — начала XXI вв. этноязыковая ситуация у коренного населения предгорий Северного Алтая кардинально изменилась. Сделан вывод о том, что до 30-х гг. XX в. подавляющее большинство населения изучаемого региона говорило на родном языке и не знало русского языка, несмотря на работу Алтайской духовной миссии и широкое расселение переселенцев в регионе. В пределах 10 % от общей численности коренных тюрко-язычных жителей, в основном мужчин, владело русским языком. В раннесоветский период, в том числе, благодаря программам советской власти по формированию сети школ, организации «национальных колхозов» распространение русского языка среди кумандинцев, тубаларов и челканцев сдерживалось. В дальнейшем «национальные» школы и колхозы были закрыты. Русский язык стал доминировать в публичной сфере. Именно поколение родившихся в 20–30-х гг. XX в. становится массово билингвами. Отправной точкой нивелирования миноритарных языков стало разрушение среды, в которой они функционировали, в результате ликвидации неперспективных сел и отрыва от родной языковой среды вследствие миграции молодых людей за пределы этнической территории в 50–70-е гг. XX в. Современное состояние миноритарных языков характеризуется кризисными явлениями; перспективой для них является деятельность общественных организаций. The article is devoted to the problem of linguistic identity of the Kumandy, Tubalars and Chelkans. The article will consider ethnic-language processes, will determine the current position and will char-acterize the future of the ethnic-language situation among the Kumandins, Tubalars and Chelkans. Based on the analysis of archival sources (materials of paperwork of regional authorities, materials of the All-Russian Agricultural Census of 1917), published census data, and indepth interviews, results sociological survey the processes of ethnolinguistic transformation among the indigenous peoples of the foothills of Northern Altai are presented. The study identified factors that influenced the change in the linguistic picture, the consequences of the change for these ethnic groups. It is proved that during the XIX — early XXI centuries. The ethnic-language situation of the indigenous population of the foothills of the Northern Altai has changed dramatically. It is concluded that until 1930s the vast majority of the population of the studied region spoke their native language, despite the work of the Altai spiritual mission. Within 10 % of the total number of indigenous Türkic-speaking inhabitants, mainly men, spoke Russian. In the early Soviet period, including thanks to the programs of the Soviet government to form a network of schools and the organization of “national collective farms”, the distribution of the Russian language among the Kumandy, Tubalars and Chelkans was restrained. In the future, “national” schools and collective farms were closed. The Russian language began to dominate in the public sphere. It is the generation born in the 1920–1930s becomes massively bilingual. The starting point for the leveling of minority languages was the destruction of the environment in which they functioned as a result of the liquidation of unpromising villages and separation from their native language environment due to the migration of young people outside the ethnic territory in the 1950–1970s. Currently minority languages are being lost. The number of their carriers is reduced. The Kumandin, Tubalar and Chelkan languages can retain the interest of indigenous people and the activities of public organizations.

scholarly journals ACTUALIZATION OF VALUES IN PRE-SCHOOL EDUCATION BY IMPLEMENTING COMPETENCE-BASED LEARNING CONTENT

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 715-728
Author(s):  
Gunita Delijeva ◽  
Aija Ozola
Keyword(s):  
Educational Process ◽  
School Education ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Ministry Of Education ◽  
School Year ◽  
Quantitative And Qualitative Research ◽  
Learning Content ◽  
Monitoring Survey ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Republic

Since 2018, competence-based learning content is being introduced in educational institutions of Latvia focusing on interdependent development of knowledge, skills, attitudes and values. If values are actualized in the educational process, the child gradually develops understanding of values from an early age. Thus, value-oriented pre-school education creates preconditions for the continuous development of a responsible and tolerant society and contributes to the common values that determine its direction.The aim of the study is to explore, based on the normative regulation of values in education, the actualization of values in the context of the implementation of competence-based learning content in educational institutions implementing pre-school education curricula. The study is based on the data analysis of the monitoring survey of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Latvia on the implementation of competence-based learning content during the 2019-2020 school year. The study combines quantitative and qualitative research methods. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics as well as qualitative content analysis.The analysis of the survey data shows that in the educational institutions that implement pre-school education curricula, all values defined in the normative regulation, i.e., life, human dignity, freedom, family, marriage, work, nature, culture, the Latvian language and the State of Latvia, as well as other values set by educational institutions are actualized. 

scholarly journals ETHNOMETHODOLOGICAL EDUCATIONAL MODEL AS A WAY OF LABOR MIGRANTS LINGUISTIC AND CULTURAL ADAPTATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 224 ◽  
pp. 55-62
Author(s):  
I.I. Prosvirkina ◽  
◽  
E.Yu. Kulikova ◽  
R.V. Kuleshova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blended Learning ◽  
Cultural Adaptation ◽  
Training Model ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Internet Resource ◽  
State Testing ◽  
Labor Migrants ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Russian Language

Russia, as a modern economically developed state, is faced with the need for linguistic and cultural adaptation of migrants, which is impossible without knowledge of the Russian language and culture. Moreover, a migrant needs to pass state testing in a short time — a comprehensive exam, and one of the modules is the Russian language. An exam can not always be passed without prior preparation. The study found that the “portrait” of a modern migrant has changed significantly over the past decade. He was significantly “younger”, therefore, a young man coming to Russia for work does not already have an understanding of a “common country”. The educational system of Russia is unfamiliar to him. There is no motivation to study any “sciences”, since the main purpose of his arrival is to carry out labor activities. To provide professional linguistic and methodological assistance to labor migrants from the Republic of Tajikistan, we have constructed an ethnomethodic model. The model is based on factors that allow you to determine the approach, develop a strategy, select didactic material, choose methods and techniques. Such factors are the personality of the student, the level of his education, ethno-psychological characteristics, mentality. The main approach that formed the basis of the training model for labor migrants from the Republic of Tajikistan was ethnomethodic, the main principles of which are considered to be taking into account national mentality, cultural values and especially the language of students. When creating the training model, two linguistic-educational technologies were used: traditional and blended learning. Thanks to the technology of blended learning, the ELOK Internet resource, an ethnolinguistic online course, was created and introduced into the educational process. The resource potential allows a migrant to use training materials at a convenient time for him. The effectiveness of the ethnomethodic training model for labor migrants from the Republic of Tajikistan, its role for integration into modern Russian society is confirmed by the results of experimental training and the results of state testing. An effective result allows us to talk about the need to create nationally-oriented programs of linguistic and cultural adaptation of foreign citizens.

scholarly journals Language situation and status of languages in the Republic of North Ossetia-Alania

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 1247-1259
Author(s):  
Elena B. Besolova ◽  
Bella K. Zakaeva ◽  
Varvilina P. Dzhioeva ◽  
Anastasia V. Denisenko ◽  
Julia M. Kalinina
Keyword(s):  
Native Language ◽  
The State ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
National Language ◽  
Loss Of Self ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Russian Language ◽  
North Ossetia ◽  
Interethnic Communication

The article substantiates the socio-economic and cultural-historical introduction of the Ossetians to the Russian language, which is considered as the result of the natural development of the standard of living of the highlanders. The aim of the study is to consider the history and characteristics of national-Russian bilingualism, the role of language interaction in the formation of a bilingual personality, society, identification of deformed linguistic processes that led to both the loss of the function of language proficiency and its use in everyday life, as well as measures that contribute to the revival of native language. The article emphasizes that the Russian language has become a civilizing factor that has significantly accelerated the development of the spiritual culture of the mountaineers, that it, along with the Ossetian language, is recognized as the state language of the Republic of North Ossetia-Alania as a language of interethnic communication, it is provided with free functioning throughout the republic. The work also focuses on the ethno-demographic composition of the population, emphasizes the polyethnicity of the region, which contributes to the strengthening of the role of the Russian language as a language of interethnic communication. During the 20th century, a sharp delimitation of the functions of the Russian and native languages leads to a weakening of the role of the national language, which exposes it to the threat of extinction. Loss of language entails a loss of self-awareness, culture, perception of the world, as well as the loss of self-identification. According to the authors, the republic itself needs to be concerned about the widespread use and all-round development of the native language in national government bodies, public organizations of science, culture, education, health care and the service sector. We need to work with those native speakers who do not consider it prestigious to communicate in their native language in the family, do not try to pass it on to the next generation: the lack of linguistic continuity is destructive. To preserve the language in the context of globalization, the authors propose to strengthen the role of the state and society, to consolidate the efforts of scientists, statesmen and public figures in order to influence the activities of the media to preserve the language and culture; direct their efforts towards harmonious bilingualism.

scholarly journals Realities of bilingualism in the context of language policy in modern Bashkortostan

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Aigul Ilyasovna Khaliulina ◽  
Murat Nilovich Ishemgulov ◽  
Elina Failevna Idrisova
Keyword(s):  
Language Policy ◽  
Native Language ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Population Census ◽  
Language Competence ◽  
Wide Scale ◽  
The Republic ◽  
National Languages ◽  
The Russian Language

The subject of this research is bilingualism in the context of language policy in modern Bashkortostan. Special attention is given to actualization of the ethno-lingual identity of non-Russian population in the republic. Leaning on the ethnosociological studies, the author examine the scale of proliferation of national-Russian bilingualism in Bashkortostan, analyze the key markers in selection of the native language among some ethnic groups, as well as determine the role of Russian language as a language of interethnic communication. The novelty of this work lies in the attempt to determine the intensity of usage of national languages of non-Russian peoples and their interaction with the Russian language based on the wide-scale ethnosociological studies. The acquired results demonstrate that among Bashkir population, the native language still prevails over Russian by the level of language competence; while among urban Tatars, the Russian language has noticeably exceeded the native language of communication. At the same time, the results of ethnosociological research, confirming the results of the All-Russia Population Census of 2010 on the language competence of the residents of Bashkortostan, testify to the fact that their speech activity is oriented mostly towards learning Russian than the language of their ethnicity.

scholarly journals Reviews of Russian periodicals in “The Journal of the Ministry of National Education”: Evaluative adjectives in an official government publication

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 169-179
Author(s):  
Svetlana A. Ezerinya ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Language ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Official Publication ◽  
Ministry Of Education ◽  
Educational Value ◽  
National Education ◽  
General Evaluation ◽  
The Government ◽  
Style Of Writing ◽  
Almost All

By the 1830s, the role of literature and journalism in shaping public opinion and promoting state ideology was growing in Russia. One of the first attempts of the government to take control of this process was the decision to publish The Journal of the Ministry of Education, with a mandatory review of domestic periodicals. The most important communicative purpose of the review of texts was to familiarize readers with the most important and well-meaning publications of Russian-language periodicals from the point of view of editorial reviewers. The inherent evaluative component of these texts is obvious, for the purpose of which all possible linguistic means allowed within the official publication were used, a significant role among which was assigned to evaluative adjectives and attributive collocations as the most capacious and concise characteristics of the described object. The objects of macro-evaluation through adjectives were peer-reviewed articles, their authors and periodicals on the whole; relevance, quality, educational value, accuracy and usefulness of the publications, their compliance with the official views, the author’s style, some individual facts of their content, etc. were subjectto adjectival micro-evaluation. In the journal’s reviews of Russian periodicals, there are approximately100 different-typed evaluative adjectives, including both adjectives of general evaluation (otlichnyi, otmennyi, prevoskhodnyi, khoroshii, etc.) and of a partial one. The mostcommonly used of all evaluative adjectives throughout the existence of reviews were the adjectives liubopytnyi ‘having cognitive value’ and zamechatel’nyi ‘worthy of attention’, which cover almost all sections in the reviews. By the 1860s, the style of writing media-reviews in the journal became well established. During this time, individual author’s words and attributive collocations almost go out of use and rows of homogeneous attributes become rare. Additionally, the range of evaluative adjectives involved is narrowed and impoverished, and they themselves get an exclusively neutral stylistic colour, which is specific to the official publication.

scholarly journals European experience and foreign professorship at the stage of establishing Moscow University

2021 ◽  
Vol 103 ◽  
pp. 01030
Author(s):  
Alexey A. Romanov ◽  
Oleg Y. Yakhshiyan ◽  
Nikolay A. Omelchenko
Keyword(s):  
Dominant Role ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Administrative Positions ◽  
European Universities ◽  
European Experience ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Russian Language

The article reviews the history of establishing Moscow University and the first decade of its performance in the context of considering the European experience and the role of visiting foreign professors. Attention is drawn to the use of the experience of European universities in the projected management system of Moscow University and ensuring its autonomy by M.V. Lomonosov. The authors show the role of the I.I. Shuvalov, the favorite of Empress Elizabeth Petrovna, in implementation of the project of Moscow University, and analyze the developed hierarchy of the university’s governing bodies, the structure of administrative positions, and the system of privileges granted by the government. The dominant role of visiting professors in establishing and functioning of the university’s faculties is revealed in detail, as well as the conditions created for their work in Moscow, and the personal role of each of the invited professors in the educational process during the first years of Moscow University. The authors reveal the conflicts between Russian and foreign professors and show their inevitability at the stage of establishing Moscow University, drawing attention to the transition of the educational process to the Russian language as the teaching language during the first years of the reign of Catherine the Great, Empress of Russia.

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