scholarly journals WOMIDZ 'EVIL EYE' AS A PHENOMENON OF VERBAL MAGIC OF THE KOMI-ZYRYANS

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 433-445
Author(s):  
Anatolii Vasil`evich Panyukov
Keyword(s):  
Field Of View ◽  
Satisfactory Explanation ◽  
Direct Speech ◽  
Vital Importance ◽  
Human Culture ◽  
Evil Eye ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Verbal Component ◽  
Verbal Message

Belief in the evil eye is among the rare universals of human culture, which still does not have a satisfactory explanation. The author proposes to focus on the traditional ideas of the Komi-Zyryans about the in the evil eye, which make it possible to assert their original verbal-magical character. The concept put forward by the author is based on the following definition is put forward by the author of the concept: “ Womidz is an unintentional, spontaneously induced verbal-magical effect with a negative result, due to the linguistic semantics of the word- womidz . The verbal component underlying the magical act can be expressed by direct speech or is associated with the verbalization by the addressee of unspoken thoughts and intentions of the addressere”. This provision is proved by the analysis of folk terminology and a wide range of phenomena characteristic of the notions of spoilage. According to the author's position, the verbal-magic act of vomidz can be presented in the form of a communicative model: addressere (sender of the word- womidz ) - verbal message (word- womidz ) - addressee (recipient of the message) and object of damage- womidz ; this object can be either the addressee himself or any object of vital importance to him, which is in the field of view.

scholarly journals Diagnostic Capabilities of a Smartphone- Based Low-Cost Microscope

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 522-525
Author(s):  
Dorina Hasselbeck ◽  
Max B. Schäfer ◽  
Kent W. Stewart ◽  
Peter P. Pott
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Field Of View ◽  
Parasitic Diseases ◽  
Optical Parameters ◽  
Trade Off ◽  
Resource Limited ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Diagnostic Applications ◽  
Diagnostic Capabilities

AbstractMicroscopy enables fast and effective diagnostics. However, in resource-limited regions microscopy is not accessible to everyone. Smartphone-based low-cost microscopes could be a powerful tool for diagnostic and educational purposes. In this paper, the imaging quality of a smartphone-based microscope with four different optical parameters is presented and a systematic overview of the resulting diagnostic applications is given. With the chosen configuration, aiming for a reasonable trade-off, an average resolution of 1.23 μm and a field of view of 1.12 mm2 was achieved. This enables a wide range of diagnostic applications such as the diagnosis of Malaria and other parasitic diseases.

scholarly journals Электронные и спектральные свойства интерметаллических соединений RRhSn (R=Gd, Tb)

2018 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 222
Author(s):  
Ю.В. Князев ◽  
А.В. Лукоянов ◽  
Ю.И. Кузьмин ◽  
S. Gupta ◽  
K.G. Suresh
Keyword(s):  
Earth Metal ◽  
Band Spectrum ◽  
Correlation Effects ◽  
Interband Transitions ◽  
Local Electron ◽  
Satisfactory Explanation ◽  
Optical Studies ◽  
Local Electron Density ◽  
Density Of Electronic States ◽  
Wide Range

AbstractThe investigations of electronic structure and optical properties of GdRhSn and TbRhSn were carried out. The calculations of band spectrum, taking into account the spin polarization, were performed in a local electron density approximation with a correction for strong correlation effects in 4f shell of rare earth metal (LSDA + U method). The optical studies were done by ellipsometry in a wide range of wavelengths, and the set of spectral and electronic characteristics was determined. It was shown that optical absorption in a region of interband transitions has a satisfactory explanation within a scope of calculations of density of electronic states carried out.

scholarly journals Shadow monochromatic backlighting: Large-field high resolution X-ray shadowgraphy with improved spectral tunability

2001 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 285-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.A. PIKUZ ◽  
A. YA. FAENOV ◽  
M. FRAENKEL ◽  
A. ZIGLER ◽  
F. FLORA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
High Spatial Resolution ◽  
Field Of View ◽  
Large Field ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Traditional Scheme ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Wide Wavelength Range ◽  
Bent Crystals ◽  
First Time

The shadow monochromatic backlighting (SMB) scheme, a modification of the well-known soft X-ray monochromatic backlighting scheme, is proposed. It is based on a spherical crystal as the dispersive element and extends the traditional scheme by allowing one to work with a wide range of Bragg angles and thus in a wide spectral range. The advantages of the new scheme are demonstrated experimentally and supported numerically by ray-tracing simulations. In the experiments, the X-ray backlighter source is a laser-produced plasma, created by the interaction of an ultrashort pulse, Ti:Sapphire laser (120 fs, 3–5 mJ, 1016 W/cm2 on target) or a short wavelength XeCl laser (10 ns, 1–2 J, 1013 W/cm2 on target) with various solid targets (Dy, Ni + Cr, BaF2). In both experiments, the X-ray sources are well localized spatially (∼20 μm) and are spectrally tunable in a relatively wide wavelength range (λ = 8–15 Å). High quality monochromatic (δλ/λ ∼ 10−5–10−3) images with high spatial resolution (up to ∼4 μm) over a large field of view (a few square millimeters) were obtained. Utilization of spherically bent crystals to obtain high-resolution, large field, monochromatic images in a wide range of Bragg angles (35° < Θ < 90°) is demonstrated for the first time.

Assessment of retinal photosensitivity as an objective indicator of expression psychodense effect

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-220
Author(s):  
Karen B. Ovanesov ◽  
Petr D. Shabanov
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Disorders ◽  
Field Of View ◽  
Emotional Status ◽  
Retinal Activity ◽  
Objective Indicator ◽  
Psychotropic Substances ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Color Sensitivity ◽  
The One ◽  
Visual Apparatus

BACKGROUND: The retina of the eye, with its wide range of neurotransmitter systems, can be the point of application in the action of the psychotropic drugs, given their synaptotropic properties. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this regard, a complex of studies was carried out with the participation of volunteers to assess the effect of psychotropic substances with a depressing (melatonin, grandaxin, motherwort tincture) type of action on the functional state of the retina, registered by the campimetric method. In the course of the research, the photosensitivity of the retina and its ability to distinguish colors were evaluated. Moreover, the capabilities of the technique made it possible to assess retinal activity in the field of view from 0 to 21. Such an approach can not only demonstrate the interest of retinal cellular elements in the action of substances, but also raise the question of the participation of the visual system in the psychopharmacological effect more broadly. RESULTS: The work of the visual apparatus was studied both in healthy volunteers of different ages and in persons with emotional disorders, which were identified using special questionnaire tests. It was found that violations of the emotional status are often accompanied by a limitation of the photosensitivity of the retina of varying severity. These facts can be interpreted in different ways. On the one hand, violations of visual functions can lead to psychoemotional disorders and be a pathogenetic link in their development, and on the other hand, primary disorders of retinal light and color sensitivity can provoke the development of psychopathology. However, regardless of the pharmacological characteristics of the studied drugs with psychodeprimating activity, the connection between their anti-anxiety effect and changes in visual function seems to be obvious, which allows us to raise the question of the advisability of taking into account the photosensitivity of the retina for a comprehensive assessment of both the mental state of emotionally labile subjects and the pharmacodynamics of psychodemitting drugs. CONCLUSIONS: Thus, it is legitimate to conclude that taking into account the light and color sensitivity of the retina can be one of the quantitative criteria for the severity and effectiveness of psychopharmacotherapy.

scholarly journals Worldwide examples of global heritage stones: an introduction

2020 ◽  
Vol 486 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Joseph T. Hannibal ◽  
S. Kramar ◽  
B. J. Cooper
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Special Significance ◽  
Human Culture ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
North And South America ◽  
North And South

AbstractHeritage stones are stones that have special significance in human culture. The papers in this volume discuss a wide variety of such stones, including stones from Europe, Asia, North and South America, Africa and Australia. Igneous (basalt, porphyry and a variety of granites), sedimentary (sandstone, limestone) and metamorphic (marble, quartzite, gneiss, slate, soapstone) stones are featured. These stones have been used over long periods of time for a wide range of uses, including monuments, buildings of architectural note, columns, roofing, tiling and lithography. A number of papers in this book provide information that is essential for eventual approval of stones as a Global Heritage Stone Resource or a group of stones as a Global Heritage Stone Province.

Thermophysical model of the Moon from 3.7 to 15 μm

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas G. Müller ◽  
Martin J. Burgdorf ◽  
Stefan A. Buehler ◽  
Marc Prange
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Wavelength Range ◽  
Thermal Flux ◽  
Field Of View ◽  
Spectral Energy ◽  
The Moon ◽  
Mid Infrared ◽  
Thermophysical Model ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Model Fits

&lt;p&gt;We present a thermophysical model (TPM) of the Moon which matches the observed, global, disk-integrated thermal flux densities of the Moon in the mid-infrared wavelength range for a phase angle range from -90&amp;#176; to +90&amp;#176;.&lt;br /&gt;The model was tested and verified against serendipitous multi-channel HIRS measurements of the Moon obtained by different meteorological satellites (NOAA-11, NOAA-14, NOAA-15, NOAA-17, NOAA-18, NOAA-19, MetOp-A, MetOp-B). The sporadic intrusions of the Moon in the deep space view of these instruments have been extracted in cases where the entire Moon was within the instruments' field of view. The HIRS long-wavelengths channels 1-12 cover the range from 6.5 to 15 &amp;#956;m, the short-wavelengths channels 13-19 are in the 3.7 to 4.6 &amp;#956;m range.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;The model is based on an asteroid TPM concept (Lagerros 1996, 1997, 1998; M&amp;#252;ller &amp; Lagerros 1998, 2002), using the known global properties of the Moon (like size, shape, spin properties, geometric albedo, thermal inertia, surface roughness, see Keihm 1984; Racca 1995; Rozitis &amp; Green 2011; Hayne et al. 2017), combined with a model for the spectral hemispherical emissivity which varies between 0.6 and 1.0 in the HIRS wavelength range (Shaw 1998; ECOSTRESS data base: https://ecostress.jpl.nasa.gov/). The spectral emissivity as well as characteristics of the surface roughness are crucial to explain the well-calibrated measurements.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Our Moon model fits the flux densities for the currently available 22 epochs (each time up to 19 channels) with an absolute accuracy of 5-10%. The phase curves at the different wavelengths are well explained. The spectral energy distributions are very sensitive to emissivity and roughness properties. Here, we see minor variations in the model fits, depending on the origin (phase and aspect angle related) of the thermal emission. We also investigated the influence of reflected sunlight at short wavelengths.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Our TPM of the Moon has a wide range of applications: (i) for Earth-observing weather satellites in the context of field of view and photometric calibration (e.g., Burgdorf et al. 2020); (ii) for interplanetary space missions (e.g., Hayabusa2, OSIRIS-REx or BepiColombo) with infrared instruments on board for an in-space characterization of instrument properites (e.g., Okada et al. 2018); (iii) to shed light on the thermal mid-infrared properties of the lunar surface on a global scale; and, (iv) to benchmark thermophysical model techniques for asteroids in the regime below 10 &amp;#956;m (e.g., observed by WISE in the W1 and W2 bands at 3.4 and 4.6 &amp;#956;m, by Spitzer-IRAC at 3.55 and 4.49 &amp;#956;m or from ground in M band at around 5 &amp;#956;m).&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;References:&lt;br /&gt;Burgdorf M., et al. 2020, Remote Sens. 12, 1488; Hayne, P. et al. 2017, JGRE 122, 237; Keihm, S.J. 1984, Icarus 60, 568; Lagerros 1996, &amp;#160;A&amp;A 310, 1011; Lagerros 1997, A&amp;A 325, 1226; Lagerros 1998, A&amp;A 332, 1123; M&amp;#252;ller &amp; Lagerros 1998, A&amp;A 338, 340; M&amp;#252;ller &amp; Lagerros 2002, A&amp;A 381, 324; Okada T. et al. 2018, P&amp;SS 158, 46; Racca G. 1995, P&amp;SS 43, 835; Rozitis &amp; Green 2011, MNRAS 415, 2042.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;

The electrical properties of graphite

1953 ◽  
Vol 217 (1128) ◽  
pp. 9-26 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Single Crystal ◽  
Free Path ◽  
Hall Coefficient ◽  
Mean Free Path ◽  
Free Electrons ◽  
Satisfactory Explanation ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Positive Holes ◽  
Crystalline Graphite

The Hall coefficient and resistivity of a range of polycrystalline graphites with different crystal sizes and a single crystal of Travancore graphite have been measured over a wide range of temperature. The number of free electrons has been found to be approximately 6x10 18 per cm 3 at room temperature; the variation with temperature cannot be accurately determined. The deficit of electrons in poorly crystalline graphite gives rise to positive Hall coefficients. Quenching removes electrons, and a study of this process has enabled the ratio of the mobilities of positive holes and electrons to be estimated at 0·80. An interesting effect has been observed in the variation of the Hall coefficient of the single crystal with field; no satisfactory explanation has been found for this phenomenon. The resistivity of polycrystalline graphite depends on the density and on the orientation and size of the crystals. From the variation of resistivity with temperature and the size of the crystals, the mean free path due to thermal scattering, has been found to be 2350 Å at 273° K; the variation of mean free path with temperature has been deduced. The product of effective mass and velocity of the free electrons has been determined as a function of temperature; the accuracy is limited by uncertainties in the number of free electrons.

The system ABXYM in nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Analysis of 3,4-dehydroprolinamide spectra by ABXYM and ABCDE methods

1969 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 725 ◽  
Author(s):  
TJ Batterham ◽  
NV Riggs ◽  
AV Robertson ◽  
WRJ Simpson
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Deuterium Oxide ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Coupling Constant ◽  
Spectroscopy Analysis ◽  
Satisfactory Explanation ◽  
Iterative Computation ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Spectral Patterns

The wide range of deceptive simplicities observed in spectra of 3,4- dehydro-prolinamide in different solvents makes analysis extremely difficult. The power of an approach using ABXYM tables combined with iterative computation is demonstrated to obtain accurate parameters for spectra of saturated solutions in deutero-chloroform and deuterium oxide. A detailed study of the effects of small changes in parameters on the observed spectral patterns provides a satisfactory explanation for each case of deceptive simplicity and, in particular, gives reasons for the added simplicity of spectra measured at 100 Mc/s. A trans- homoallylic coupling constant (J2,5) of 5.8 c/s was observed and a synergistic four-bond coupling through the heteroatom is suggested to explain its magnitude. The stereochemistry of pyrrolines and similar heterocycles is discussed in the light of this large trans-coupling.

scholarly journals Divergent excitation two photon microscopy for 3D random access mesoscale imaging at single cell resolution

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
FK Janiak ◽  
P Bartel ◽  
MR Bale ◽  
T Yoshimatsu ◽  
E Komulainen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Cell ◽  
Neuronal Activity ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Random Access ◽  
Field Of View ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Two Photon ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Effective Excitation

ABSTACTIn neuroscience, diffraction limited two-photon (2P) microscopy is a cornerstone technique that permits minimally invasive optical monitoring of neuronal activity. However, most conventional 2P microscopes impose significant constraints on the size of the imaging field-of-view and the specific shape of the effective excitation volume, thus limiting the scope of biological questions that can be addressed and the information obtainable. Here, employing ‘divergent beam optics’ (DBO), we present an ultra-low-cost, easily implemented and flexible solution to address these limitations, offering a several-fold expanded three-dimensional field of view that also maintains single-cell resolution. We show that this implementation increases both the space-bandwidth product and effective excitation power, and allows for straight-forward tailoring of the point-spread-function. Moreover, rapid laser-focus control via an electrically tunable lens now allows near-simultaneous imaging of remote regions separated in three dimensions and permits the bending of imaging planes to follow natural curvatures in biological structures. Crucially, our core design is readily implemented (and reversed) within a matter of hours, and fully compatible with a wide range of existing 2P customizations, making it highly suitable as a base platform for further development. We demonstrate the application of our system for imaging neuronal activity in a variety of examples in mice, zebrafish and fruit flies.

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