scholarly journals LOGIC AND ABSURD IN "PARENTAL PROHIBITIONS": REPRESENTATION IN FOLKLORE TEXTS

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 1097-1103
Author(s):  
M.A. Trostina ◽  
A.A. Raslova
Keyword(s):  
Functional Role ◽  
Folk Pedagogy

The article deals with educational paremies, which are stable formulas that contain a ban on a child violation of the norms of behavior in society. Stable genre features of parental prohibitions are identified (formality, absurd of the forecast, humour, imagery, educational orientation), their connection with folk pedagogy is shown and their difference from traditional signs that is orientation at age peculiarities is determined. The main functions of "parental prohibitions" are educational and entertaining ones. The classification of signs-prohibitions on a thematic basis is given. The ancient origin of certain prohibitions related to the taboo on actions that cause the wrath of the gods is indicated. In the context of predictive paremy genres of children folklore, signs-rules and situational signs are indicated. Possible prospects for further study of the genre are determined. It is pointed out that they include comparative studying of educational paremies of various nations, determining their functional role in the genre system of Russian and national folklore.

Aesthetic Hand Prosthesis: Gadget or Therapy? Presentation of a New Classification

2001 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 523-528 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. PILLET ◽  
A. DIDIERJEAN-PILLET
Keyword(s):  
Functional Role ◽  
Social Function ◽  
New Classification ◽  
Prosthesis Fitting ◽  
Follow Up Care ◽  
Continued Use ◽  
Therapeutic Tools

Aesthetic prostheses must fulfill a functional as well as an aesthetic role. The function of these prostheses may be perceived as an additional passive support, or as an instrument of social function and an aid to the patient. This functional role has been observed in the continued use of these prostheses over several years. We reviewed our experience with prescription, fitting and follow-up care in 2847 patients. Classification of these patients was based on their age, level of amputation (with or without functional pinch) and cause of amputation. Analysis of the data ratifies our indications for prosthesis fitting. The long-term wearing of these aesthetic prostheses confirms their use as therapeutic tools.

scholarly journals Evidence of strategic periodicities in collective conflict dynamics

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (62) ◽  
pp. 1260-1273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon DeDeo ◽  
David Krakauer ◽  
Jessica Flack
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Functional Role ◽  
Interaction Patterns ◽  
Strategic Responses ◽  
Present Evidence ◽  
Behavioural Patterns ◽  
Primate Society ◽  
Social Decision Making

We analyse the timescales of conflict decision-making in a primate society. We present evidence for multiple, periodic timescales associated with social decision-making and behavioural patterns. We demonstrate the existence of periodicities that are not directly coupled to environmental cycles or known ultraridian mechanisms. Among specific biological and socially defined demographic classes, periodicities span timescales between hours and days. Our results indicate that these periodicities are not driven by exogenous or internal regularities but are instead driven by strategic responses to social interaction patterns. Analyses also reveal that a class of individuals, playing a critical functional role, policing, have a signature timescale of the order of 1 h. We propose a classification of behavioural timescales analogous to those of the nervous system, with high frequency, or α -scale, behaviour occurring on hour-long scales, through to multi-hour, or β -scale, behaviour, and, finally γ periodicities observed on a timescale of days.

scholarly journals A little damping goes a long way: a simulation study of how damping influences task-level stability in running

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. 20200467
Author(s):  
Steve Heim ◽  
Matthew Millard ◽  
Charlotte Le Mouel ◽  
Alexander Badri-Spröwitz
Keyword(s):  
Limit Cycle ◽  
Simulation Study ◽  
Functional Role ◽  
Binary Classification ◽  
Legged Locomotion ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Damping Term ◽  
The Face ◽  
Task Level

It is currently unclear if damping plays a functional role in legged locomotion, and simple models often do not include damping terms. We present a new model with a damping term that is isolated from other parameters: that is, the damping term can be adjusted without retuning other model parameters for nominal motion. We systematically compare how increased damping affects stability in the face of unexpected ground-height perturbations. Unlike most studies, we focus on task-level stability: instead of observing whether trajectories converge towards a nominal limit-cycle, we quantify the ability to avoid falls using a recently developed mathematical measure. This measure allows trajectories to be compared quantitatively instead of only being separated into a binary classification of ‘stable' or ‘unstable'. Our simulation study shows that increased damping contributes significantly to task-level stability; however, this benefit quickly plateaus after only a small amount of damping. These results suggest that the low intrinsic damping values observed experimentally may have stability benefits and are not simply minimized for energetic reasons. All Python code and data needed to generate our results are available open source.

High-Resolution sem and Clostridial Attachment

1996 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 812-813
Author(s):  
B. Panessa-Warren ◽  
G.T. Tortora ◽  
J. Warren
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Functional Role ◽  
Morphological Plasticity ◽  
Colchicine Treatment ◽  
Lung Fibroblasts ◽  
Ultrastructural Changes ◽  
Colon Cells ◽  
The Past ◽  
Nosocomial Diarrhea

Since the mid 1960’s when the TEM was a new and primary tool for elucidating the classification of the various strains of microorganisms, investigators around the world have been reporting morphological surface aberrations (such as hairs, ribbons, tubular appendages and feather-like structures) of the clostridial endospore that facilitate and verify the classification of these organisms. Yolton Pope, Samsonoff and others were unable to discern the function, of these appendages and stated that the “functional role of spore appendages remains obscure”.Today, there is still no information on the functional role, if any, of these “appendages” and “hairs”. For the past few years we have been examining the endospores from two clostridial species that are pathogenic in man and higher mammals, C.sporogenes ATCC3584, and C.difficile ATCC 9689 and 43594. These organisms cause wound infections, pseudomembranous colitis, and nosocomial diarrhea. Our previous work strongly suggested that the outer envelope of these spores, the exosporium, had a “morphological plasticity” that allowed the spores to attach to a surface that supported bacterial growth5,6. With current advances in high resolution SEM using LaB6 and field emission sources, it is now possible to study these extremely small and complex spore appendages at all stages of germination with spacial orientation capabilities not possible when the original studies were done. Over the past 2 yrs, the advances in software technology and improved SEM resolution and image enhancement capabilities, make it possible to work with fields of intact spores still attached to a nutritive surface and examine the exosporium and membrane contacts with the nutrient surface at resolution and magnifications formerly reserved for TEM. This investigation combines attachment studies using agar substrates (Trypticase Soy agar + 5% glucose, and Blood CDC agar) and human cells (lung fibroblasts and colon cells), with high resolution imaging of intact spores on their nutritive substrate (agar and human cell)to determine the ultrastructural changes that accomplish clostridial colonization. Studies were also done to determine if attachment was altered as a result of exposure to cation substitution, cation chelation, or colchicine treatment.

Note on the spectral classification of carbon stars in the photographic infrared region

1966 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 21-23
Author(s):  
Y. Fujita
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Region ◽  
Spectral Classification ◽  
Carbon Stars

We have investigated the spectrograms (dispersion: 8Å/mm) in the photographic infrared region fromλ7500 toλ9000 of some carbon stars obtained by the coudé spectrograph of the 74-inch reflector attached to the Okayama Astrophysical Observatory. The names of the stars investigated are listed in Table 1.

Diagnostic Value of Electron Microscopy in Soft Tissue Tumors

1970 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 220-221
Author(s):  
Gerald Fine ◽  
Azorides R. Morales
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Myxoma ◽  
Osteogenic Sarcoma ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Soft Tissue Tumors ◽  
Amelanotic Melanoma ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Light Microscopic Level ◽  
Mesenchymal Tumors ◽  
Good Agreement

For years the separation of carcinoma and sarcoma and the subclassification of sarcomas has been based on the appearance of the tumor cells and their microscopic growth pattern and information derived from certain histochemical and special stains. Although this method of study has produced good agreement among pathologists in the separation of carcinoma from sarcoma, it has given less uniform results in the subclassification of sarcomas. There remain examples of neoplasms of different histogenesis, the classification of which is questionable because of similar cytologic and growth patterns at the light microscopic level; i.e. amelanotic melanoma versus carcinoma and occasionally sarcoma, sarcomas with an epithelial pattern of growth simulating carcinoma, histologically similar mesenchymal tumors of different histogenesis (histiocytoma versus rhabdomyosarcoma, lytic osteogenic sarcoma versus rhabdomyosarcoma), and myxomatous mesenchymal tumors of diverse histogenesis (myxoid rhabdo and liposarcomas, cardiac myxoma, myxoid neurofibroma, etc.)

Ultrastructure of mesotheliomas

1984 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 98-101
Author(s):  
Irving Dardick
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Latent Period ◽  
Spindle Cell ◽  
Spindle Cell Sarcoma ◽  
Metastatic Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Cell Sarcoma ◽  
Cytological Features ◽  
Industrial Use ◽  
Degree Of Differentiation

With the extensive industrial use of asbestos in this century and the long latent period (20-50 years) between exposure and tumor presentation, the incidence of malignant mesothelioma is now increasing. Thus, surgical pathologists are more frequently faced with the dilemma of differentiating mesothelioma from metastatic adenocarcinoma and spindle-cell sarcoma involving serosal surfaces. Electron microscopy is amodality useful in clarifying this problem.In utilizing ultrastructural features in the diagnosis of mesothelioma, it is essential to appreciate that the classification of this tumor reflects a variety of morphologic forms of differing biologic behavior (Table 1). Furthermore, with the variable histology and degree of differentiation in mesotheliomas it might be expected that the ultrastructure of such tumors also reflects a range of cytological features. Such is the case.

Interpreting HVEM of muscle-cell impulse networks

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 126-127
Author(s):  
Paul DeCosta ◽  
Kyugon Cho ◽  
Stephen Shemlon ◽  
Heesung Jun ◽  
Stanley M. Dunn
Keyword(s):  
Structural Analysis ◽  
Muscle Cell ◽  
Electron Micrographs ◽  
Relative Size ◽  
Automatic Classification ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Analysis Algorithm ◽  
Structural Networks

Introduction: The analysis and interpretation of electron micrographs of cells and tissues, often requires the accurate extraction of structural networks, which either provide immediate 2D or 3D information, or from which the desired information can be inferred. The images of these structures contain lines and/or curves whose orientation, lengths, and intersections characterize the overall network.Some examples exist of studies that have been done in the analysis of networks of natural structures. In, Sebok and Roemer determine the complexity of nerve structures in an EM formed slide. Here the number of nodes that exist in the image describes how dense nerve fibers are in a particular region of the skin. Hildith proposes a network structural analysis algorithm for the automatic classification of chromosome spreads (type, relative size and orientation).

Dual stain kit for the microscopic gram classification of ocular infection bacteria

1993 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 248-249
Author(s):  
Jacob S. Hanker ◽  
Dale N. Holdren ◽  
Kenneth L. Cohen ◽  
Beverly L. Giammara
Keyword(s):  
Contact Lenses ◽  
Ocular Infection ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Staining ◽  
Ocular Infections ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Culture Positive ◽  
Increased Susceptibility

Keratitis and conjunctivitis (infections of the cornea or conjunctiva) are ocular infections caused by various bacteria, fungi, viruses or parasites; bacteria, however, are usually prominent. Systemic conditions such as alcoholism, diabetes, debilitating disease, AIDS and immunosuppressive therapy can lead to increased susceptibility but trauma and contact lens use are very important factors. Gram-negative bacteria are most frequently cultured in these situations and Pseudomonas aeruginosa is most usually isolated from culture-positive ulcers of patients using contact lenses. Smears for staining can be obtained with a special swab or spatula and Gram staining frequently guides choice of a therapeutic rinse prior to the report of the culture results upon which specific antibiotic therapy is based. In some cases staining of the direct smear may be diagnostic in situations where the culture will not grow. In these cases different types of stains occasionally assist in guiding therapy.

Ultrastructural Classification of Pituary Adenomas

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 258-258
Author(s):  
S. Arumugam ◽  
Sarasa Bharati Arumugam
Keyword(s):  
Cytoplasmic Organelle ◽  
Null Cell ◽  
Cell Adenoma ◽  
Mixed Cell ◽  
Light Microscope Level ◽  
Null Cell Adenoma ◽  
Growth Hormone Cell ◽  
Ultrastructural Characteristics ◽  
Organelle Morphology

Adenoaas of the pituitary are no longer classified based on their tinctorial affinity to dyes. With the advent of the newer methods of sophisticated technology, it is now possible to classify. These depending upon the type of hormone secreted based either on histochemical techniques or on ultrastructural characteristics. The latter provides an insight into the cytoplasmic organelle morphology which offers a delightful feast to the eye as well.This paper presents the ultrastructural characters of the pituitary adenoma as seen in Madras. 171 adenomas (124 males and 47 females) were seen during 1972-1989, classified at the light microscope level as 159 chromophobe, 2 basophilic, 4 eosinophilic and 6 mixed adenomas.Ultrastructural examination showed that the sparsely granular prolactin cell adenoma is the commonest adenoma to be encountered closely followed by the growth hormone cell adenoma, null cell adenoma, the mixed cell adenoma and others.

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