scholarly journals Genetic divergence analysis in basmati rice genotypes (Oryza sativa L.) for agro-morphological and quality traits using multivariate approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Vinod Kumar ◽  
Dhirendra Singh
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Divergence ◽  
Amylose Content ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Basmati Rice ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Grain Length ◽  
Cluster Distance ◽  
Rice Genotypes ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

Genetic diversity of 30 basmati rice genotypes was analysed based on nine agro-morphological and six quality traits. The results of the principal component analysis showed that the first six principal components explained 89.16% of the total variation in the experimental material. These 30 basmati genotypes were grouped into six clusters which indicated the presence of sufficient diversity among the tested genotypes. Cluster I and cluster III was found to be the largest comprising of 10 genotypes each followed by cluster II having seven genotypes. The highest average intra-cluster distance was observed in cluster III. Highest inter-cluster distance (D2) was observed between clusters III and VI followed by clusters III and V, III and IV & clusters II and III. Cluster II showed high mean value for grain yield per plant, 1000 grain weight, and grain length. The characters viz., amylose content, grain length after cooking, spikelet per panicle, grain width, grain length and 1000 grain weight contributed maximum towards total genetic divergence, suggest their suitability of selection.

scholarly journals GENETIC VARIABILITY FOR GRAIN QUALITY TRAITS IN AROMATIC RICE (Oryza sativa L)

2011 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 19-24
Author(s):  
Kaniz Fatema ◽  
M. G. Rasul ◽  
M. A. K. Mian ◽  
M. M. Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Amylose Content ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Aromatic Rice ◽  
Thousand Grain Weight ◽  
Grain Length ◽  
Gel Consistency ◽  
Rice Genotypes ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

Forty five aromatic rice genotypes were evaluated to assess the genetic variability and diversity on the basis of nine characters. Significant variations were observed among the genotypes for all the characters (grain breadth (mm), grain length (mm), grain L/B ratio, gelatinization temperature (score), gel consistency (mm), amylose content (%), protein content (%), 1000 grain weight (g) and grain yield per plant (g)) studied. High GCV, PCV, heritability and GA as observed in amylose content, grain length average and L/B ratio suggested that these three characters could be transmitted to the progeny. Multivariate analysis revealed that 45 genotypes were grouped into six clusters. There were marked variations in intra-cluster distances, which ranged from 0.482 to 7.851. The highest intra cluster mean for five traits (amylose content, width average, L/B ratio, length average, 1000 grain weight) was obtained from cluster I constituted 10 genotypes. Thousand grain weight and amylose content have been found to contribute maximum towards genetic diversity in 45 genotypes of aromatic rice.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjpbg.v24i2.17002

scholarly journals GENETIC DIVERSITY ANALYSIS IN RICE (Oryza sativa L.)

2012 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-39
Author(s):  
S. P. Chakma ◽  
H. Huq ◽  
F. Mahmud ◽  
A. Husna
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Canonical Variate ◽  
Potential Donor ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Cluster Distance ◽  
Rice Genotypes ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

The experiment was conducted under the agro-ecological zone of Modhupur Tract (AEZ-28) to determine the genetic diversity among 39 rice genotypes, collected from Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Lal Teer Seed Ltd. and Chittagong Hill Tracts. The genotypes were grouped into six clusters based on Mahalanobis’s D2 statistics and Canonical Variate Analysis. Cluster I consisted with the highest number of (11) genotypes from different origin, whereas cluster IV consisted with the lowest number of (3) genotypes. Cluster III consisted of BRRI dhan 28, BRRI dhan 45, Gold, Tia, Dowel and Moyna showed maximum mean yield. Maximum inter cluster distance was recorded between cluster II and cluster III. The highest inter genotypic distance was observed between Tharak dhan and BRRI dhan 45. Cluster III had the highest mean values for grain yield, harvest index, 1000-grain weight and number of effective tillers per hill and cluster V for number of primary branches per panicle and cluster VI for number of filled grains per panicle that had significant positive correlation with grain yield. Number of unfilled grains per panicle, 1000-grain weight and grain yield showed maximum contribution towards genetic divergence. The genotypes from these clusters with desirable characters may be used as potential donor for future hybridization program to develop high yielders.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjpbg.v25i1.17010

scholarly journals Genetic Diversity of Bacterial Blight Resistant Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Genotypes from INGER

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 59-64
Author(s):  
F Akter ◽  
MZ Islam ◽  
A Akter ◽  
SK Debsharma ◽  
A Shama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Bacterial Blight ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Growth Duration ◽  
Panicle Number ◽  
Cluster Distance ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

Genetic diversity of 65 rice genotypes was studied from IRBBN (International Rice Bacterial Blight Nursery) of INGER (International Network for Genetic Evaluation of Rice) materials through Mahalanobis D2 statistic for grain yield and yield contributing characters. The genotypes were grouped into five clusters. The inter-cluster distances were higher than intra-cluster distances indicating wider genetic diversity among the genotypes of different clusters. The intra-cluster distances were lower in all the cases reflecting homogeneity of the genotypes within the clusters. The cluster III contained the highest number of genotypes (23) and the clusterv contained the lowest (8). The highest intra-cluster distance was noticed for the cluster I and lowest for cluster III. The highest inter-cluster distance was observed between cluster I and V, followed by cluster IV and V, cluster II andV and the lowest between cluster I and IV. Regarding inter-cluster distance, the genotypes of cluster V showed high genetic distance from all other clusters. The genotypes from cluster V could be hybridized with the genotypes of other clusters for producing transgressive segregants. Based on canonical vector analysis, panicle number per plant had maximum contribution towards genetic divergence. The highest cluster means for yield, grain/panicle and spikelet fertility were obtained from cluster V. The highest means for 1000 grain weight, second higher yield and the lowest growth duration were found in cluster II, while the lowest mean value for yield and 1000 grain weight and higher mean value for growth duration were found in cluster IV. The crosses between the genotypes/parents of cluster V and cluster II, cluster V and cluster I would exhibit high heterosis as well as higher level of yield potential. Therefore, more emphasis should be given for selection of the genotypes from clusters II and V for future breeding programme. Bangladesh Rice j. 2019, 23(2): 59-64

scholarly journals GENETIC DIVERSITY IN LOCAL BORO RICE (Oryza sativa L.) GENOTYPES OF BANGLADESH

2013 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Siddique ◽  
M. Khalequzzaman ◽  
M. Z. Islam ◽  
M. S. Ahamed ◽  
E. S. M. H. Rashid
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Growth Duration ◽  
Cluster Distance ◽  
Flag Leaf Length ◽  
1000 Grain Weight ◽  
Boro Rice

Genetic diversity in 40 traditional boro rice genotypes was studied under irrigated condition through Mahalanobis D2 statistic for grain yield and yield contributing characters. The genotypes were grouped into five clusters. The inter-cluster distances were higher than intra-cluster distances indicating wider genetic diversity among the clusters. The intra-cluster distances were lower in all the cases reflecting homogeneity of the genotypes within the clusters. The cluster IV contained the highest number of genotypes (22) and the cluster II and V contained the lowest (1). The highest intra-cluster distance was noticed for the cluster III and lowest for cluster II and V. The highest inter-cluster distance was observed between cluster II and III followed by cluster II and V, cluster I and II and the lowest between cluster I and IV. Regarding inter-cluster distance, the genotypes of cluster II   showed high genetic distance from all other clusters. The genotypes from cluster II could be hybridized with the genotypes of other clusters for producing transgressive segregants. Based on positive value of vector 1 and vector 2, panicle/hill had maximum contribution towards genetic divergence. The highest cluster means for yield, flag leaf length and grain length breadth ratio were obtained from cluster IV. The highest 1000-grain weight, shortest growth duration and grain breadth were found in cluster II while the lowest mean value for yield, flag leaf length, filled grains and 1000 grain weight were found in cluster V.  Therefore, more emphasis should be given on cluster II, III and cluster IV for selecting genotypes as parents for crossing with the genotypes of cluster V which would be used to produce new recombinants with desired traits.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjpbg.v26i1.19980

Diversity and variability analysis for yield parameters in rice(Oryza sativa L.) genotypes

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Chandramohan ◽  
B. Srinivas ◽  
S. Thippeswamy ◽  
D. Padmaja
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Fine Grain ◽  
Yield Parameters ◽  
Cluster Distance ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
Total Divergence ◽  
Hybridization Programme ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

The analysis of variance revealed presence of significant variability among the 44 genotypes of rice for all the traits except for number of effective bearing tillers per plant. Higher magnitude of PCV and GCV were recorded for all the characters studied. Additive gene action was predominant for the traits, number of grains per panicle and 1000 grain weight. Based on D2 analysis the genotypes were grouped into 11clusters. On the basis of inter cluster distance genotypes from clusters IV and V followed by V and IX could be used as parents for future hybridization programme. Cluster mean analysis revealed the genotypes, JGL 21820 and JGL 21849 could be used in breeding programme for obtaining high yielding super fine grain segregants. Days to 50% flowering and 1000 grain weight manifested highest contribution towards total divergence, thus, these traits could be given due importance for further crop improvement.

scholarly journals Genetic diversity analysis for various morphological and quality traits in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-29
Author(s):  
Girnam Singh ◽  
Pradeep Kumar ◽  
Ravi Kumar ◽  
L. K. Gangwar
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Genetic Divergence ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Biological Yield ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

The present investigation was carried out during 2011-12 in a randomized block design (RBD) with 35 diverse wheat genotypes to assess the genetic diversity for various morphological and quality traits. The analysis of variance for grain yield and its contributing components namely days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, productive tillers, plant height, spike length, spikelets pet spike, grains per spikelet, biological yield, harvest index, 1000 grain weight, grain yield and gluten content showed highly significant differences (at <1% level of significance) among the genotypes under present study. High heritability along with high genetic advance and high phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) and genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) for grain yield (g), biological yield (g), harvest index (%), spike length (cm) and 1000 grain weight (g) indicated substantial contribution of additive gene action in the expression and thus selection would be effective for genetic improvement of these traits for improving grain yield in wheat. On the basis of multivariate analysis, 35 genotypes were grouped into ‘6’ clusters based on genetic divergence (D2 ) value. The compositions of clusters revealed that the Cluster IV contained the highest number of genotypes (9) followed by Cluster II (8), Cluster VI (8) and Cluster III (7). The highest inter cluster values were recorded between cluster III and V (8357.19) followed by cluster IV and V (7513.88), cluster IV and VI (6009.44) and cluster III and VI (5530.40) exhibiting wide genetic diversity. Among different traits, biological yield (32.12%), productive tillers (28.74%), harvest index (26.71%), plant height (24.20%), grain yield (19.23%) and grains per spikelets (14.89%) had maximum contribution to total genetic divergence, therefore may be used as selection parameters in transgressive segregants. Selection of genotypes from the clusters may be used as potential donors for further hybridization programme to develop genotypes with high yield potential in wheat crop.

scholarly journals Growth and Productivity Assessment of Short-Duration Rice (Oryza sativa L. and Upland NERICA) Genotypes in Semiarid North-Central Namibia

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Simon K. Awala ◽  
Kudakwashe Hove ◽  
Vistorina Shivute ◽  
Johanna S. Valombola ◽  
Pamwenafye I. Nanhapo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Short Duration ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Shoot Biomass ◽  
Cloudy Weather ◽  
Early Maturing ◽  
Rice Genotypes ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

In semiarid regions, drought is the major threat to crop production, but climate change and variability often bring floods to the regions, forming seasonal wetlands causing damage to local, drought-adapted staple grains and, hence, low yields and food deficit. Introduction of the semiaquatic crop rice (Oryza spp.) to these semiarid wetlands could complement the dryland crop low yields and overcome the food shortage problem. A field experiment was carried out at the University of Namibia-Ogongo Campus during the 2016/2017 and 2017/2018 cropping seasons to assess the growth and yield of rice genotypes. Twelve short-duration rice genotypes, nine from the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) and three locally grown upland NERICA genotypes, were used. Parametric analysis of variance was performed to test their effects on crop growth and yield characters. The results showed significant genotype by year interaction for days to heading, plant height, the number of tillers per m2, shoot biomass, the number of panicles per m2, 1000-grain weight, harvest index, and grain yield. The IRRI genotypes produced a higher number of tillers, shoot biomass, and grain yield than the NERICA ones, which were early maturing, were taller, and had higher 1000-grain weight across the years. Generally, most of the genotypes had lower grain yield and higher shoot biomass in the first year, due to the prevailing cool, rainy, and seemingly cloudy weather conditions associated with lower temperature and lower solar radiation. Grain yield was positively correlated with most characters but negatively correlated with the 1000-grain weight. These results demonstrate the yield superiority of IRRI genotypes over their early-maturing NERICA counterparts. However, further studies on morphological characters and drought tolerance of the IRRI genotypes are warranted to ascertain production sustainability under semiarid environments.

scholarly journals Variability Assessment of Aromatic and Fine Rice Germplasm in Bangladesh Based on Quantitative Traits

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Z. Islam ◽  
M. Khalequzzaman ◽  
M. K. Bashar ◽  
N. A. Ivy ◽  
M. M. Haque ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Grain Length ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
High Heritability ◽  
Rice Genotypes ◽  
1000 Grain Weight ◽  
Selection Of

The study was conducted to investigate genetic variability among 113 aromatic and fine local rice genotypes of which five were exotic in origin. The test genotypes were evaluated for 19 growth traits, yield components, and yield. All the quantitative traits varied significantly among the test genotypes. High heritability along with high genetic advance was observed for flag leaf area, secondary branches per panicle, filled grains per panicle, grain length, grain breadth, grain length breadth ratio, and 1000 grain weight. Such findings suggested preponderance of additive gene action in gene expression for these characters. Grain yield was significantly and positively correlated with days to flowering, days to maturity, panicle length, filled grains per panicle, and 1000 grain weight. According toD2cluster analysis, 113 test genotypes formed 10 clusters. Selection of parents from the clusters V and X followed by hybridization would possibly result in desirable heterosis for the development of heterotic rice hybrids. Finally, molecular characterizations of the studied germplasm are required for high resolution QTL mapping and validating the presence of candidate genes responsible for valuable characters.

scholarly journals Response of Foliar Applied Growth Regulators on Yield and Quality Traits of Basmati Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

2020 ◽  
pp. 16-20
Author(s):  
Laxmi Prajapati ◽  
S. P. Kushwaha ◽  
Ram Bharose
Keyword(s):  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Grain Protein Content ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Basmati Rice ◽  
Quality Trait ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Grain Starch ◽  
Weight Test

Growth regulators is a chemical compound, which is either synthesized by the plants or exogenously applied. It affects the growth and metabolic rate thus affecting the yield and quality ofcrop. In this  investigation, the  Basmati rice plants were foliar sprayed with growth regulators (IAA, Kinetin, CCC, SADH and Ascorbic Acid) at tillering and before anthesis stage. Results showed a conspicuous increase in yield and quality traits in treated plants. The yield attributing traits like grain weight per plant,straw weight/plant, 1000 grain weight/test weight and Harvest Index (HI) was improved by the treatment of IAA. The quality trait viz. Grain Starch and Uncoocked and cooked grain size were significantly improved by IAA, while Grain Protein content was by Kinetin.

scholarly journals Genetic divergence of aromatic rice (Oryza sativa L.)

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-191
Author(s):  
Ratna Rani Majumder ◽  
Ripon Kumar Roy ◽  
MA Khaleque Mian ◽  
Nasrin Akter Ivy
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Divergence ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Aromatic Rice ◽  
Panicle Length ◽  
Spikelet Sterility ◽  
Flower Opening ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Maximum Contribution ◽  
Cluster Distance ◽  
Rice Genotypes

Thirty aromatic rice genotypes were studied to assess the nature and magnitude of genetic divergence among them for grain yield and yield contributing characters. Based on 23 characters the genotypes were grouped into 5 clusters. Inter-distances were higher than intra-cluster showing a wide range of genetic diversity among the genotypes of different groups. The highest level of inter-cluster distance (73.48) was found between cluster IV and V. The highest intra-cluster distance (3.364) was computed to cluster V and the lowest 1.851 was observed in cluster IV. Panicle length, days to initial flower opening, spikelet sterility, pollen fertility and harvest index had maximum contribution towards genetic divergence of 30 aromatic rice genotypes. Genotypes having these characters in the genetically distant cluster could, therefore, offer a significant scope for the development of high yielding variety through judicious selection.

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