scholarly journals Działalność humanitarna – niesienie pomocy czy przemysł?

2014 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 89-103
Author(s):  
Joanna Szymoniczek

Helping is a natural human inclination, associated with a feeling of compassion and readiness to provide support as well as demonstration of empathy and solidarity. This inclination is born in man especially in the face of tragic disasters which, due to the wide media coverage, can mobilize the international community to take such measures. Still, the motivation to provide assistance is not always lofty. International aid is mainly provided to victims of the so-called sudden onset crises, i.e. catastrophes that occurred suddenly and unexpectedly, and their size is shocking. First of all, we help victims of spectacular, tragic events, because the media constantly report on them so that they become “attractive”. This gives rise to a question of humanitarian generosity. This article attempts to analyse the motivations that may guide international donors in their humanitarian activities.

2005 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 336-355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda Cosgrove ◽  
Toni Bruce

In the face of growing scholarly concern about whiteness, and following Denzin’s (1996) argument that “those who control the media control a society’s discourses about itself” (p. 319), it becomes vital to interrogate and map what is at stake in specific representations of whiteness that gain purchase and mobilize the nation in shared ways. In death, America’s Cup sailor and adventurer Sir Peter Blake was held up as a New Zealand hero representative of a “true” national character. We argue that in the context of marked changes in the racial, political, and economic landscape of New Zealand, Blake’s unexpected death represented an important moment in the symbolic (re)production of historically dominant but increasingly contested notions of national character that are synonymous with white masculinity. We conclude that, as long as the centrality of whiteness is under threat, we are likely to see the ongoing rearticulation of nostalgic visions of nationalism.


Author(s):  
Amit Kumar

The face of a news room in India has been changed radically with the ever growing popularity of social media, where it sets agenda for the news organizations to follow. The #Lalitgate is a classical example, where the Ex IPL Commissioner, Lalit Modi, who has gained a notorious image due to his controversies, broke news on twitter, from there it has been picked up by 24x7 news channels, subsequently online portals do a piece on it, again there is a prime time discussion on that news, followed by a morning coverage by the news papers. As a person gain ability to create sensationalism, he utilizes the ability of social media to create some dialogues, with a larger worldwide audience, which was earlier not possible due to the monologue approach of traditional media. The ability of that piece of information to get retweeted by followers allows it to trend high on twitter. As the number become astonishing some time, it automatically qualifies for the attention of the editors of media organizations and eventually sets the agenda of the day. The social media platforms; Twitter, Facebook, Whatsapp etc. have become the essential tool of news gathering of a modern news room. Twitter with its 302 million followers worldwide, eventually became a credible online source of news gathering as the tweets are usually came through a first person, citing his/her views or, opinion on a subject matter. This research paper aims to critically analyze the role of twitter as an agenda setting tool in #Lalitgate, where, the cricket administrator turned whistleblower, Lalit Modi, used twitter effectively for his revelations, and he not only trolled successfully on twitter but news media as well. The scope of this paper is limited to the media coverage by English medium news channels and papers only.


Author(s):  
Eva Estaún

El 28 de junio del año 2009 tras un largo periodo de desacuerdos políticos, Honduras vivió un golpe de Estado cuyas consecuencias principales fueron el posicionamiento de toda la comunidad internacional contra la actitud de los golpistas y la expulsión de Honduras de la OEA. El 29 de noviembre del mismo año, tal y como estaba previsto antes del golpe de Estado se celebraron elecciones presidenciales que dieron la victoria a Porfirio Lobo, candidato de la oposición. A pesar del empeño de la OEA en no reconocer el resultado electoral por considerar que las elecciones se había celebrado en una situación irregular, a pesar de la oposición y condena de la mayor parte de los países del continente, a pesar de la intención de la comunidad internacional de revertir la situación, Zelaya no pudo volver al cargo para el que había resultado electoralmente elegido. Desde entonces Honduras ha dejado de ser portada en los medios de comunicación. Sin embargo la crisis política que hizo temer por la seguridad de la región no ha sido resuelta, y a día de hoy todavía hay países del continente que no han reconocido la legitimidad del nuevo Presidente, Porfirio Lobo, todavía no ha conseguido volver a la OEA.El objetivo de este artículo es describir como se desarrollaron los acontecimientos entre el 28 de junio del 2009 y el 29 de noviembre. Y explicar porque el golpe de estado se ha legitimado, particularizando la situación que se está viviendo en Honduras a día de hoy.On 28th June 2009, after a long period of political unrest, Honduras witnessed a coup d’état. Its main consequence was the strong negative reaction of the entire international community against the unlawful events in the country followed the expulsion of Honduras from the OAS. On 29th November the same year, previously scheduled presidential elections were held. They were won by the opposition candidate, Porfirio Lobo. In spite of various factors, among which the non-recognition of the election results by OAS on a ground that the elections had lacked a level playing field, the strong standpoint of American states opposing the events in Honduras and the commitment of the international community to restore the status quo ante, the legally elected incumbent (Zelaya) was unable to resume his presidency. Honduras has since lost its share in the media coverage, but the political crisis threatening the safety of the region has not been resolved and today Honduras remains still outside the regional community framework. Most of the states of the continent did not recognize the legitimacy of coming to power of the new President, Porfirio Lobo, and the country has yet a long way to go in order to return to the OAS .The aim of this paper is to describe how events unfolded between 28th June 2009 and 29th November and to explain the patterns of legitimizing the coup given the specific situation in today’s Honduras.


Author(s):  
Leah Perry

This chapter discusses the 1980 Mariel Boatlift to show how policy and popular culture worked dialectically in matters of immigration. Media coverage was initially positive, framing President Jimmy Carter’s welcoming of Cuban refugees as an example of America’s generosity in contrast to Cuba’s Communist regime. Yet when news broke that the Mariel Boatlift included refugees who had been released from Castro’s prisons and mental health facilities—and as refugee numbers grew—the media spectacle became alarmist. News media and popular culture made it clear that the United States was under siege in an “immigrant emergency” that originated south of the border, manifested itself in gendered ways, and necessitated action. This chapter explores, in conversation with media, the proposed solution, the Immigrant Emergency Powers Act of 1982, which would have given the president unilateral powers in the face of an “immigration emergency,” and situates these developments in immigration history.


2012 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Moira A. Gunn

As surely as the bio-enterprise can benefit from positive media coverage, it cannot thrive in the face of unanswered negative and/or inaccurate media attention. On all counts, the bio-enterprise must be able to strategically engage with the media at every stage in its life cycle. This article describes the global science-business media landscape, including traditional media and emergent social media and information in the online space. Current research is used to document the interdependence of media, how sources of information feed media coverage, the challenges of science communication in the broader context of business, and the effect of media engagement by the CEO. A strategic model is presented which relates the bio-enterprise to global media, providing a larger framework within which to develop media action plans at critical junctures in the life of the bio-enterprise. Further documented is the difference between journalistic and non-journalistic media, and how journalistic ethics and standards guidelines work with ethical persuasion practices to the benefit of the bio-enterprise.


2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (8) ◽  
pp. 69-83
Author(s):  
N. S. Dankova ◽  
E. V. Krekhtunova

The article is devoted to the study of the media representation features of the situation of coronavirus infection spread. The material was articles published in American newspapers. It is shown that the metaphorical model "War" is widely used in media coverage of the pandemic. The relevance of the work is due to the ability of the media to influence the mass consciousness. The methodological basis of the research is formed by critical discourse analysis, which establishes the connection between language and social reality. The article provides an overview of works devoted to the study of metaphor. The theoretical foundations for the study of metaphorical modeling are given. In the course of the analysis, the linguistic means of updating the metaphorical model "War" were revealed. The authors note that this metaphorical model is represented by such frames as “War and its characteristics”, “Participants in military action”, “War zone”, “Enemy actions”, “Confronting the enemy”. It is shown that modern reality is presented in the media as martial law, the coronavirus is positioned in the media as a cruel and merciless enemy seeking to take over the world, the treatment of the disease is represented as a fight against the enemy. It is concluded that the use of the metaphorical model "War" is one of the ways to conceptualize the spread of coronavirus.


Author(s):  
Chris Forster

Modernist literature is inextricable from the history of obscenity. The trials of such figures as James Joyce, D. H. Lawrence, and Radclyffe Hall loom large in accounts of twentieth-century literature. Filthy Material: Modernism and the Media of Obscenity reveals the ways that debates about obscenity and literature were shaped by changes in the history of media. The emergence of film, photography, and new printing technologies shaped how “literary value” was understood, altering how obscenity was defined and which texts were considered obscene. Filthy Material rereads the history of modernist obscenity to discover the role played by technological media in debates about obscenity. The shift from the intense censorship of the early twentieth century to the effective “end of obscenity” for literature at the middle of the century was not simply a product of cultural liberalization but also of a changing media ecology. Filthy Material brings together media theory and archival research to offer a fresh account of modernist obscenity with novel readings of works of modernist literature. It sheds new light on figures at the center of modernism’s obscenity trials (such as Joyce and Lawrence), demonstrates the relevance of the discourse of obscenity to understanding figures not typically associated with obscenity debates (such as T. S. Eliot and Wyndham Lewis), and introduces new figures to our account of modernism (such as Norah James and Jack Kahane). It reveals how modernist obscenity reflected a contest over the literary in the face of new media technologies.


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