scholarly journals Walka klas w społeczeństwie dworskim

2015 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-91
Author(s):  
Borys Cymbrowski
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
Special Form ◽  
Class Struggle ◽  
Historical Sociology ◽  
Social Differentiation ◽  
Departure Point ◽  
Reflec Tions ◽  
Norbert Elias ◽  
The Social

The article discusses the social differentiation of the elite at the French court in the era of absolutism, as depicted by Norbert Elias in his book Die höfische Gesellschaft [The Court Society]. The internal struggles of this elite are presented as a special form of figuration, which Elias calls ‘court figuration’ to indicate the processual nature of the phenomenon. The departure point for the author of the article’s further reflec-tions is the premise that these conflicts are similar to class struggle in the Marxist sense (particularly the analyses contained in Marx’s earlier writings). As a result, figurational analysis, based on Elias’s historical sociology, is shown to be a particularly useful category in studying the social differentiation lying at the base of social change, that is, in analysing both long-term processes of social change and rapid processes ofa revolutionary character.

Class Struggle and Socialist Construction: The Hungarian Paradox

Slavic Review ◽  
1966 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 303-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. von Lazar
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
Communist Party ◽  
Social Transformation ◽  
Political System ◽  
Class Struggle ◽  
Industrial Society ◽  
The Political ◽  
Social Forces ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Relationship

This article examines the relationship between the semantics of ideology and political practice under the pressure of socio-economic change in Hungary of the early 1960s, especially 1962-63. The events of 1956 forced the Communist Party elite to recognize the imperative need for internal social change and for control over its dynamics. Manipulation of social forces and ideological currents became a day-to-day concern as soon as it was realized that the political system must rely to an increasing extent upon the introduction of policies which induced support for the system itself—a need undoubtedly arising out of the social transformation that accompanies a developing and modernizing industrial society.

scholarly journals Geopolítica como Luta de Classes: Marxismo Político, Relações Internacionais e Sociologia Histórica | Geopolitics as Class Struggle: Political Marxism, International Relations and Historical Sociology

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 186-202
Author(s):  
Pedro Salgado
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Class Struggle ◽  
Historical Sociology ◽  
Historical Account ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Social

Ao inserir a luta de classes no centro da análise histórica, o Marxismo Político propõe uma reinterpretação da disciplina de Relações Internacionais que pode ser entendida em três passos. O primeiro é uma visão histórica da formação do sistema de estados moderno, a partir de transformações da geopolítica feudal após a origem do capitalismo. O segundo, uma metodologia historicista que parte da forma como a operação de tal sistema pode ser entendida através dos conflitos entre classes com suas respectivas estratégias de espacialização. Por fim, resta justificar a centralidade da luta de classe, e de “classe” enquanto categoria analítica, através do retorno à obra de Marx, resgatando a forma como a noção sociológica de agência é antecipada em sua filosofia da práxis. Assim, reinscrevendo a distinção entre “global” e “(inter)nacional” nas relações sociais que lhe dão origem, a disciplina de Relações Internacionais assume a forma de Sociologia Histórica.ABSTRACTBy bringing class struggle into the core of historical analysis, Political Marxism suggests a reinterpretation of International Relations that can be understood in three steps. Firstly, a historical account of of the rise of the modern states-system through the transformations in feudal geopolitics after the rise of capitalism. Secondly, the development of a radically historicist methodology that is explains this system's operation through the conflict between classes and their respective spatialization strategies. At last, the justification for having class struggle at the core of the analysis, and of "class" as an analytical unit, comes from a return to Marx's work to see how he grounds the sociological notion of agency in his philosophy of praxis. Therefore, by reviving the distinctiong between "global" and "(inter)national" in the social relations that give birth to this very distinction, the discipline of International Relations assumes the form of Historical Sociology.Palavras-chave: Relações Internacionais, Marxismo, GeopolíticaKeywords: International Relations, Marxism, GeopoliticsRecebido em 24 de Abril de 2017 | Aceito em 07 de Agosto de 2017Received on April 24, 2017 | Accepted on August 7, 2017 DOI: 10.12957/rmi.2016.28437 

scholarly journals Communication, Differentiation and the Evolution of World Society

2020 ◽  
pp. 63-80
Author(s):  
Boris Holzer
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Social Change ◽  
Systems Theory ◽  
Social World ◽  
Sociological Perspective ◽  
The Social ◽  
Global Modernity ◽  
Nineteenth And Twentieth Centuries

This chapter uses a systems theory perspective to examine how the globalization processes of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries affected social contacts, societal groups, and social change. It looks at developments and changes that took place in the nineteenth century that point to both continuities and ruptures with earlier epochs and their further consolidation and elaboration throughout the twentieth century. It also discusses a sociological perspective on a 'long twentieth century' and discernible transformations of the social world, which provided the foundation for a global modernity and popularized the aspiration towards it. The chapter implies an interest in fundamental sociological concepts, namely communication, differentiation, and evolution. It investigates the integral part of a long-term transformation that is developed by fundamental or societal revolution.

Public Spaces, Knowledge, and Sociability

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Cowan
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Historical Sociology ◽  
Consumer Society ◽  
Georg Simmel ◽  
Early Modern Europe ◽  
Norbert Elias ◽  
The Social ◽  
German Philosopher ◽  
History Of ◽  
German Sociologist

The concept of sociability was introduced as an analytic term by the German sociologist Georg Simmel. Sociability has figured prominently in recent histories of consumer society and material cultures. It has become increasingly clear to historians and social theorists that the places where consumption took place, or where consumer desires were stimulated, and the social milieux in which consumers were located, are just as important to understand as the actual acts of consumption. The German sociologist Norbert Elias introduced Freudian insights into human psychology into a ‘processual’, or what is sometimes called a ‘figurational’, framework for his historical sociology. His works have had a major impact on the history of sociability and knowledge formation. The history of ‘civil society’ has been a major growth industry in the last few decades, and much of this work has developed under the rubric of explaining and exploring the rise of a ‘public sphere’ in early modern Europe. Unlike Elias, the German philosopher Jürgen Habermas located the origins of modern sociability and civil society outside of the realm of court society.

Sociogenesis and Psychogenesis: Norbert Elias’s Historical Social Psychology as a Research Tradition in Comparative Sociology

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 548-564 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Mennell
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Sociological Theory ◽  
Western Philosophy ◽  
Comparative Sociology ◽  
Research Tradition ◽  
Norbert Elias ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Many ◽  
Process Sociology

What is widely known as ‘figurational sociology’, or alternatively ‘process sociology’, is the research tradition stemming from the writings of Norbert Elias. The tradition extends beyond sociology to historians and many other branches of the social sciences. Elias’s Collected Works run to 18 volumes, but the bedrock of his oeuvre is his early study On the Process of Civilisation, in which the interrelation of long-term sociogenetic processes like state-formation and equally long-term psychogenetic processes like conscience- and habitus-formation is first clearly elaborated. Of the many directions in which the theory has been subsequently developed, the most important is Elias’s sociological theory of knowledge and the sciences, which involves a radical rejection of central assumptions of Western philosophy.

scholarly journals An Analysis on Ibn Khaldun's Methodology in Social Change

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2.29) ◽  
pp. 1142
Author(s):  
Harliana Halim ◽  
Kamaruzaman Yusoff ◽  
Aminuddin Basir ◽  
Rosman Md. Yusoff ◽  
Siti Sarawati Johar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
Text Analysis ◽  
Historical Sociology ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Contextual Knowledge ◽  
Social Changes ◽  
Participatory Approaches ◽  
Ibn Khaldun ◽  
The Social ◽  
Critical Approaches

In the realms of historical sociology, Ibn Khaldun is a name that strikes absolute familiarity among experts. However, the discussions expressed in historical sociology debates do not specify how Ibn Khaldun's ideas and thoughts were actually focusing on social changes that occur in a society. Hence, the discussion of this article will analyse the approaches and methodologies applied by Ibn Khaldun in analysing the social changes that took place during his lifetime and prior to it, as recorded in Muqaddimah Ibn Khaldun. This paper uses a historical descriptive qualitative research approach. Facts were analysed using a text analysis approach in understanding Ibn Khaldun's methodology on social change and Muqaddimah Ibn Khaldun, assisted by induction and deduction approaches. As a result, the researcher found that Ibn Khaldun applied a diversity of approaches in discussing social changes which encapsulate humanitarian, historical philosophy, inquiry, logic and metaphysical, critical and critique, realistic, inductive and deductive, comparative, observational and participatory approaches in studying social changes issues. In addition, he also applied a combination of critical approaches and contextual knowledge, as well as thematic and descriptive approaches in writing. This proves how significant the social changes issues were to Ibn Khaldun, thus they needed to be monitored and managed wisely.  

The Social Question and State Formation in British Africa

2017 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex Veit ◽  
Klaus Schlichte ◽  
Roy Karadag
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Social Change ◽  
Social Policy ◽  
State Formation ◽  
Policy Development ◽  
Social Question ◽  
The Social ◽  
British Colonial ◽  
Long Term Impact

AbstractThe paper explores governmental perceptions and reactions to “social questions” in British colonial Africa, c. 1880-1950. By comparing three different political entities, Egypt, South Africa and Uganda, we find that authorities across cases have been acutely aware of potentially destabilising social change. Some social problems actually resulted from colonial projects themselves, giving rise to rather contradictory interpretations and policies. However, the intensity of political reactions to social questions varied widely, ranging from a largely passive approach in Egypt to the introduction of modern welfare in South Africa. We argue that perceptions and responses to social dislocation had a long-term impact on patterns of state formation and social policy development.

scholarly journals Perubahan Sosial Pada Komunitas Suku Bajo Di Pesisir Teluk Tomini

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Obie
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Historical Sociology ◽  
Marine Resources ◽  
Government Programs ◽  
Conservation Area ◽  
Self Identity ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

Abstract: Society and culture of human being always change as an ever –present phenomena in the world. A distinction is sometimes made then between processes of change within the social structure, which serve in part to maintain the structure, and, even the processes itself can be slow or fast through evolusion and revolusion.   One of the factors that quicken the social change process is the government interventions. This study aims at analyzing the social change on the Bajo Tribe community as the impact of various government programs at Tomini bay coastal. This research used strategy of historical sociology. The kinds of data collected were primer and secondary data that were analyzed by using qualitative approac. The result showed that various   government programs at Tomini bay, such as designating conservation area, granting concession license to private sectors through forest concession right (FCR)), indefeasible right of use (IRU), and fishing industry at the bay had caused the loss of access of the Bajo tribe community to coastal and marine resources area. Various interventions of government programs had implication on resettlement of the Bajo tribe community, causing the Bajo tribe divided into sea Bajo and land Bajo. The loss of access of the Bajo tribe to coastal and marine resources caused traditional institution weaken which made its philosophy of living in harmony with nature, and  conservation ethics fade away, its local wisdom, and self identity lose, and its social capital destructed.  الملخص: كان المجتمع وحضارته متغيّرين في أيّ كان المجتمع وهذه الحضارة. ويكون الفرق في كون هذا التغيّر. قد تكون عملية التغيّر متمهّلة أو سريعة وقد تكون عن طريق التطوّر والثّورة. وأحد العناصر المسرعة في عملية هذا التغيّر هو تدخّل الحكومة. حاولت هذه الدراسة تحليل التغيّر الاجتماعي في قبيلة "باجو" نتيجة لتطبيق البرامج الحكومية في سواحل خليج توميني. استخدمت هذه الدراسة الأسلوب الاجتماعي التاريخي. والبيانات المحصولة عليها في شكل البيانات الأولية والبيانات الثانوية ويكون تحليل البيانات بالمدخل الكيفي. دلّت نتائج البحث على أن البرامج المتنوّعة من الحكومة في ساحل خليج توميني في شكل اثبات مناطق الحفاظ، وتسليم الإذن لعملية الحفاظ تجاه الشركات الأهلية عن طريق HPH وHGU و تربية الأسماك (بركة الأسماك)، وأدت هذه البرامج إلى ضياع فرصة الاستفادة لقبيلة باجو تجاه الموارد السواحلية والبحرية. وتدخّل برامج الحكومة أدى إلى إعادة توطين مجتمع باجو وتفريقهم إلى مجتمع باجو البحري ومجتمع باجو البرّيّ.  وضياع فرصة الاستفادة لمجتمع باجو تجاه موارد الطاقات السواحلية والبحرية أدّى إلى ضعف المؤسسات التقاليدية وأدّى هذا إلى تلاشي فلسفة الحياة المنسجمة بالعالم. وتلاشي خُلق عملية الحفاظ، وضياع الحكمة المحلية، وتلاشى الهوية وفساد الرأسمال الإجتماعي.  Abstrak: Masyarakat dan kebudayaan manusia di manapun pada dasarnya selalu  berada dalam keadaan berubah. Perbedaannya ada yang berlangsung secara lambat, cepat, atau bahkan melalui proses evolusi dan revolusi. Salah satu faktor yang mempercepat proses perubahan sosial adalah intervensi pemerintah. Kajian ini bertujuan menguraikan perubahan sosial pada komunitas Suku Bajo sebagai akibat masuknya berbagai program pemerintah di pesisir Teluk Tomini. Penelitian ini menggunakan strategi sosiologi sejarah (historical sociology). Jenis data yang terkumpul berupa data primer dan data sekunder, yang dianalisis dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa berbagai program pemerintah di pesisir Teluk Tomini, berupa penetapan kawasan konservasi, serta pemberian izin konsesi kepada swasta melalui Hak Pengusahaan Hutan (HPH), Hak Guna Usaha (HGU), dan usaha tambak telah menyebabkan hilangnya akses komunitas Suku Bajo terhadap sumber daya pesisir dan laut. Intervensi berbagai program pemerintah tersebut berimplikasi resettlement bagi komunitas Suku Bajo, sehingga menyebabkan terbelahnya komunitas Suku Bajo menjadi Bajo laut dan Bajo darat. Hilangnya akses Suku Bajo terhadap sumber daya pesisir dan laut, menyebabkan kelembagaan adat semakin melemah yang mengakibatkan memudarnya falsafah hidup selaras dengan alam, memudarnya etika konservasi, hilangnya kearifan lokal, hilangnya identitas diri, dan hancurnya modal sosial.

Economic Development in 2006 and the Future of the Russian Economy: The Non-Resource-Based Sector Potential (The Economic Report of All-Russia Business Union “Delovaya Rossiya”)

2007 ◽  
pp. 27-45
Author(s):  
B. Titov ◽  
I. Pilipenko ◽  
A. Danilov-Danilyan
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Free Market ◽  
Economic Report ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
The Social ◽  
National Economic ◽  
Investment Capital ◽  
Export Industries ◽  
Sustainable Economic Growth

The report considers how the state economic policy contributes to the national economic development in the midterm perspective. It analyzes main current economic problems of the Russian economy, i.e. low effectiveness of the social system, high dependence on export industries and natural resources, high monopolization and underdeveloped free market, as well as barriers that hinder non-recourse-based business development including high tax burden, skilled labor deficit and lack of investment capital. We propose a social-oriented market economy as the Russian economic model to achieve a sustainable economic growth in the long-term perspective. This model is based on people’s prosperity and therefore expanding domestic demand that stimulates the growth of domestic non-resource-based sector which in turn can accelerate annual GDP growth rates to 10-12%. To realize this model "Delovaya Rossiya" proposes a program that consists of a number of directions and key groups of measures covering priority national projects, tax, fiscal, monetary, innovative-industrial, trade and social policies.

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