scholarly journals Życie Józefa ze wsi D., powiatu puławskiego. Przypis do „Młodego pokolenia chłopów”

2016 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 153-170
Author(s):  
Antoni Sułek
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Social Environment ◽  
Life Histories ◽  
Rural Youth ◽  
Ordinary People ◽  
Classic Work ◽  
Central Poland ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Village

In sociological and anthropological studies, people often appear as anonymous representatives of their groups. The question arises of what we could learn about them if we had the opportunity, even many years later, to discover their identities. The author answers this question by a case study derived from Józef Chałasiński’s classic work ‘The Younger Generation of Peasants’ (1938), which was based on life histories submitted to a competition for rural youth. On the basis of memories, documents, and other sources, the author of the present article reconstructs the biography of a peasant from Central Poland, Józef Próchniak (1876–1934) from the village of Dęba. Appearing marginally as ‘Józef’ in one of the life histories submitted to the competition, he is revealed to have been a person of rich biography. This article describes Próchniak’s relations with his social environment and with broader history and is a sociological account of one hundred years of history in his village and neighbourhood. The example demonstrates the misconceptions that exist about ‘classes without history’ and shows that writingthe history of ‘ordinary people’ is possible.

COMBINING ORAL TRADITIONS AND BAYESIAN CHRONOLOGICAL MODELING TO UNDERSTAND VILLAGE DEVELOPMENT IN THE GULF OF PAPUA (PAPUA NEW GUINEA)

Radiocarbon ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Chris Urwin ◽  
Quan Hua ◽  
Henry Arifeae
Keyword(s):  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Oral Traditions ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Spatial History ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of ◽  
Gulf Of Papua ◽  
The Village

ABSTRACT When European colonists arrived in the late 19th century, large villages dotted the coastline of the Gulf of Papua (southern Papua New Guinea). These central places sustained long-distance exchange and decade-spanning ceremonial cycles. Besides ethnohistoric records, little is known of the villages’ antiquity, spatiality, or development. Here we combine oral traditional and 14C chronological evidence to investigate the spatial history of two ancestral village sites in Orokolo Bay: Popo and Mirimua Mapoe. A Bayesian model composed of 35 14C assays from seven excavations, alongside the oral traditional accounts, demonstrates that people lived at Popo from 765–575 cal BP until 220–40 cal BP, at which time they moved southwards to Mirimua Mapoe. The village of Popo spanned ca. 34 ha and was composed of various estates, each occupied by a different tribe. Through time, the inhabitants of Popo transformed (e.g., expanded, contracted, and shifted) the village to manage social and ceremonial priorities, long-distance exchange opportunities and changing marine environments. Ours is a crucial case study of how oral traditional ways of understanding the past interrelate with the information generated by Bayesian 14C analyses. We conclude by reflecting on the limitations, strengths, and uncertainties inherent to these forms of chronological knowledge.

scholarly journals VIRTUE LANGUAGE IN NINETEENTH-CENTURY ORIENTALISM: A CASE STUDY IN HISTORICAL EPISTEMOLOGY

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 689-715 ◽  
Author(s):  
HERMAN PAUL
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Intellectual History ◽  
Present Article ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Historical Epistemology ◽  
Detailed Case ◽  
Thought Pattern ◽  
History Of ◽  
Dependency Relations

Historical epistemology is a form of intellectual history focused on “the history of categories that structure our thought, pattern our arguments and proofs, and certify our standards for explanation” (Lorraine Daston). Under this umbrella, historians have been studying the changing meanings of “objectivity,” “impartiality,” “curiosity,” and other virtues believed to be conducive to good scholarship. While endorsing this historicization of virtues and their corresponding vices, the present article argues that the meaning and relative importance of these virtues and vices can only be determined if their mutual dependencies are taken into account. Drawing on a detailed case study—a controversy that erupted among nineteenth-century orientalists over the publication of R. P. A. Dozy'sDe Israëlieten te Mekka(The Israelites in Mecca) (1864)—the paper shows that nineteenth-century orientalists were careful to examine (1) the degree to which Dozy practiced the virtues they considered most important, (2) the extent to which these virtues were kept in balance by other ones, (3) the extent to which these virtues were balanced by other scholars’ virtues, and (4) the extent to which they were expected to be balanced by future scholars’ work. Consequently, this article argues that historical epistemology might want to abandon its single-virtue focus in order to allow balances, hierarchies, and other dependency relations between virtues and vices to move to the center of attention.

scholarly journals An Important Source of Information about Islamized Armenians

2009 ◽  
Vol 5 (1-2 (6)) ◽  
pp. 251-261
Author(s):  
Sergey Vardanyan
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Village ◽  
Source Of Information

The history of Armenians has been accompanied with struggles against forced Islamization. The Islamized Hamshen-Armenians are of particular interest in this regard. The present article provides solid evidence about Islamized Armenians in general and those in the village of Khevak in particular, making reference to new sources of information that confirm the ideas stated.

scholarly journals On the issue of scientific research of rural youth of Yakutia 1970-1980-s

2019 ◽  
Vol 72 ◽  
pp. 04001
Author(s):  
Petr Egorov ◽  
Anna Adamenko ◽  
Terenty Ermolaev
Keyword(s):  
Social Dynamics ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Rural Youth ◽  
Youth Movement ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Village ◽  
Scientific Ideas

The article discusses the history of the study of rural youth in Yakutia in the 70-80s. XX century through a historiographic review of scientific works on the youth problem. During the period under review, the role of rural youth increased, she began to actively participate in the socio-economic processes taking place in the countryside, and represented a significant share and the main resource of labor replenishment for the agricultural sector of the economy. In studies of the 70s - early 80s. emphasis was placed on the social aspects of scientific and technological progress, the impact of industrialization and intensification of agricultural production on the social structure of the rural population, and the improvement of its professional, cultural and technical level. Since the mid-1980s, research has begun to raise many complex problems related to rural lifestyles, and especially on such important changes as rural life, spiritual and material needs and needs of various population groups, in particular rural youth, factors and prospects of youth movement between the village and the city. It was established that scientific research allowed to expand scientific ideas about the rural youth of Yakutia, its social dynamics, determining its place and role in society.

scholarly journals Drawing as performance

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Theodor Barth
Keyword(s):  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Present Article ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Early Autumn ◽  
The Arts ◽  
History Of ◽  
Artistic Research

The objective of the present article is to re-work and radically reframe a case study on drawing presented at the E&PDE conference, hosted by OsloMet in the early autumn of 2017. The case study was experimental – involving a drawer, a furniture designer, an MA student (at the time) and an anthropologist. The present article ventures to draw certain learning outcomes from the experiment. These are presently relevant in the context of the heritage of a drawing school founded in 1818 and in the wake of the current activities in artistic research (AR) at the Oslo National Academy of the Arts (KHiO). The focus is on the educational aspects of ‘doing research’. The article queries the relation between drawing, writing and field research in the history of the school and currently in AR. Keywords: drawing, writing, field research, process, reframing, case study, comparison, first science, third-party readability, non-philosophy.  

scholarly journals Educar para a sustentabilidade: Administração Pública Federal Brasileira em foco

2017 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 55-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ananélia Meireles Dubois ◽  
Andreia Pereira Silverio ◽  
Luiz Caldeira Brant de Tolentino-Neto
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Public Organizations ◽  
The State ◽  
Distinctive Character ◽  
Descriptive Case Study ◽  
Representative Data ◽  
History Of ◽  
Estudio De Caso

O artigo, por meio de estudo de caso exploratório e descritivo, apresenta o modo de implementação da sustentabilidade nas compras públicas de papel de três organizações públicas federais, e indica o caráter distintivo da educação nesse processo. É contextualizado o histórico da inserção do conceito nas discussões globais, e a importância da participação do Estado como indutor de novos padrões de consumo para a sustentabilidade. O arcabouço legal expõe sustentação normativa para as compras públicas. No entanto, o tratamento conceitual da sustentabilidade é referenciado como um dos obstáculos para a sua inserção efetiva nas compras públicas. A relevância do trabalho está na consideração de dados representativos do cotidiano organizacional público. Esses dados são indicativos da necessidade de uma educação participativa. The present article, through exploratory and descriptive case study, presents the means of implementation of sustainability in public acquisitions fro paper in three federal civil organizations, and indicates the distinctive character of education in the process. The history of insertion of that concept in global discussions is contextualized, as well as the importance of the State as a model for new standards in consumption. The legal background establishes directives for public purchases. However, the conceptual treatment of sustainability is referenced as an obstacle to its effective insertion in public purchases. The work’s relevance lies in the consideration of representative data from the routine of public organizations. These data are indicative of need for a participative education. El artículo, por medio de estudio de caso exploratorio y descriptivo, presenta el modo de implementación de la sostenibilidad en las compras públicas de papel de tres organizaciones públicas federales, y indica el carácter distintivo de la educación en ese proceso. Es contextualizado el histórico de la inserción del concepto en las discusiones globales, y la importancia del Estado como inductor de nuevos patrones de consumo para la sostenibilidad. El marco legal presentado expone sustentación normativa para las compras públicas. Sin embargo, el trato conceptual de la sostenibilidad es referenciado como uno de los obstáculos para su inserción en las compras públicas. La relevancia del trabajo está en la consideración de datos representativos del cotidiano organizacional público. Estos datos son indicativos de la necesidad de una educación participativa.

Code-switching and vernacular support: an early Middle English case study

Multilingua ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Janne Skaffari
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Middle English ◽  
Code Switching ◽  
British Library ◽  
Norman Conquest ◽  
Switching Patterns ◽  
History Of

AbstractIn the multilingual history of England, the period following the Norman Conquest in 1066 is a particularly intriguing phase, but its code-switching patterns have so far received little attention. The present article describes and analyses the multilingual practices evinced in London, British Library, MS Stowe 34, containing one instructional prose text from c. 1200,

scholarly journals Optimization of the Municipal Waste Collection Route Based on the Method of the Minimum Pairing

2016 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 847-854
Author(s):  
Michal Petřík ◽  
Stanislav Bartoň
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Graph Theory ◽  
Present Article ◽  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Municipal Waste ◽  
Waste Collection ◽  
And Topology ◽  
Exponential Complexity ◽  
The Village

In the present article is shown the use of Maple program for processing of data describing the position of municipal waste sources and topology of collecting area. The data are further processed through the use of graph theory algorithms, which enable creation of collection round proposal. In this case study is described method of waste pick-up solution in a certain village of approx. 1,600 inhabitants and built-up area of approx. 30 hectares. Village has approx. 11.5 kilometers of ride able routes, with approx. 1 kilometer without waste source. The first part shows topology of the village in light of location of waste sources and capacity of the routes. In the second part are topological data converted into data that can be processed by use of the Graph Theory and the correspondent graph is shown. Optimizing collection route in a certain graph means to find the Euler circle. However, this circle can be constructed only on condition that all the vertices of the graph are of an even degree. Practically this means that is necessary to introduce auxiliary edges – paths that will be passed twice. These paths will connect vertices with odd values. The optimal solution then requires that the total length of the inserted edges was minimal possible, which corresponds to the minimum pairing method. As it is a problem of exponential complexity, it is necessary to make some simplifications. These simplifications are depicted graphically and the results are displayed in the conclusion. The resulting graph with embedded auxiliary edges can be used as a basic decision making material for creation of real collection round that respects local limitations such as one way streets or streets where is the waste collection is not possible from both sides at the same time.

scholarly journals Images of School from a Cambodian Rural Community: The Nexus of Memory and Present

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 134
Author(s):  
Kathy E. Hart, Ph.D.
Keyword(s):  
Oral History ◽  
Rural Community ◽  
Khmer Rouge ◽  
Field Work ◽  
Foundations Of Education ◽  
Complex Picture ◽  
History Of ◽  
Future Of Education ◽  
The Village

<p><em>Few qualitative studies have been done in Cambodia, a country held hostage by the murderous Khmer Rouge in the 1970s. As it recovers from these atrocities, Cambodia looks to education to aid in its redevelopment. </em></p><p><em>This ethnographically-informed case study describes the educational understandings and oral history of residents of a rural Cambodian village. By listening to the voices of those who lived through the Khmer Rouge era and those who grew up in its shadow, we can better understand the foundations of education in rural Cambodia. The research describes ways in which literacy is exhibited in this village, revealing the possibilities of rich alternate literacies and strong beliefs in the future of education. </em></p><p><em>Using both Paulo Freire’s work and a feminist lens as suggested by Sara Lawrence- Lightfoot, field work was conducted in Cambodia using a variety of data sources: observations, interviews, and casual conversations. Analysing these data using the Portraiture Approach resulted in a complex picture of life within the village and ways literacy is shared. Findings from this case study reveal a rich foundation on which to build literacy within Cambodian by tending to the expressed and observed local needs.</em></p>

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