scholarly journals Current challenges for regional development: threats to economic security

2017 ◽  
pp. 39-51
Author(s):  
Alla Melnyk
Keyword(s):  
Regional Development ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Fiscal Decentralization ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
State Level ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
Business Enterprise ◽  
Production Chain ◽  
Priority Areas

The article deals with current challenges for regional development and their impact as causes of threats to economic security. Economic security is seen as a complex multilevel system, the formation of which occurs at various levels of economy’s hierarchy: the state level, an economic sector, an industry (economic activity), a region, a business enterprise, a city, a town, a village, a local territorial community, a person. It is determined that a region’s internal and external environment is the key factor of its economic security. The assessment, which was carried out, enables to establish the following characteristics: structural imbalances, a gap between regional investing priorities and determined priorities, a break in the production chain, an asymmetry in technological development of regional industries, expansion of foreign companies on the domestic market, incompatibility between the system of institutions and the aims of social and economic development of regions. The research paper describes the current challenges for regional development, such as deepening of regional differences in creating tensions in regional labour markets; intensification of migration processes; growing differences in the intensity of structural changes; reducing foreign investment; institutional and fiscal decentralization; growing problems in organizing and financing social services; deepening asymmetry in the development of cross-border infrastructure, which requires a system of protection against increasing threats to economic security. A range of methodological approaches to assessing the level of economic security is generalized. A set of quantitative and qualitative indicators is suggested for evaluating the results of security assurance activities at all levels of the hierarchy: a region, a territorial community, a business enterprise, a person. The priority areas of administrative activity designed to prevent threats to economic security are identified. Given the current challenges, these priority areas include: structural reform of the economy, an increasing backbone role of state-owned entrepreneurship, inter-regional and inter-municipal cooperation, modernization of social safety in terms of personal security, strengthening safety of entrepreneurship, reinforcement of security of local communities under conditions of political, administrative, financial, fiscal, economic and environmental decentralization. The main characteristics of each area are pointed out. Further research studies are to be undertaken to empirically examine the results of these measures and identify barriers for institutional assurance of economic security.

Ergebnisse und Trends der forstlichen Betriebsabrechnung im Kanton Aargau von 1991 bis 2002 | Results and trends of the forest accounts in the canton of Argovia 1991-2002

2003 ◽  
Vol 154 (7) ◽  
pp. 254-257
Author(s):  
Ernst Steiner
Keyword(s):  
Structural Changes ◽  
Forest Owners ◽  
Production Chain ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Forest Enterprises ◽  
Catastrophic Damage

In recent years public forest owners in the canton of Argovia have carried out considerable structural changes. The positive consequences to the accounts arising from these changes can be confirmed and documented using a number of various measurements from the forest accounts. Until 1999 the results of structural changes compensated for the decrease in wood revenues, even managing in some cases to move from loss to profit. The falls in profit following the catastrophic damage caused by the hurricane Lothar in December 1999 also meant falling accounts. Even in internationally comparable enterprise structures, the survival of forest enterprises is not assured at these low levels. Against a background of, above all, falling subventions without corresponding compensation, further structural changes are unavoidable. Such changes, however, can only lead to success if value is added along the entire production chain and the branch of forest and wood management is able to compete internationally.

scholarly journals Overview of Popular Techniques of Raman Spectroscopy and Their Potential in the Study of Plant Tissues

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 1537
Author(s):  
Aneta Saletnik ◽  
Bogdan Saletnik ◽  
Czesław Puchalski
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Plant Tissues ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Identification Technique

Raman spectroscopy is one of the main analytical techniques used in optical metrology. It is a vibration, marker-free technique that provides insight into the structure and composition of tissues and cells at the molecular level. Raman spectroscopy is an outstanding material identification technique. It provides spatial information of vibrations from complex biological samples which renders it a very accurate tool for the analysis of highly complex plant tissues. Raman spectra can be used as a fingerprint tool for a very wide range of compounds. Raman spectroscopy enables all the polymers that build the cell walls of plants to be tracked simultaneously; it facilitates the analysis of both the molecular composition and the molecular structure of cell walls. Due to its high sensitivity to even minute structural changes, this method is used for comparative tests. The introduction of new and improved Raman techniques by scientists as well as the constant technological development of the apparatus has resulted in an increased importance of Raman spectroscopy in the discovery and defining of tissues and the processes taking place in them.

scholarly journals Heating an electric car with a biofuel operated heater during cold seasons – design, application and test

ACTA IMEKO ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Riess ◽  
Michael Simon Josef Walter ◽  
Stefan Weiherer ◽  
Tiffany Haas ◽  
Sebastian Haas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structural Changes ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Heating System ◽  
Passenger Compartment ◽  
External Energy ◽  
Cold Temperatures ◽  
Electric Car ◽  
Drive Systems

The automotive industry is currently undergoing far-reaching structural changes. Automobile manufacturers are pursuing intensive scientific research and technological development in the field of alternative drive systems, such as electric powertrains. If electric car batteries are charged with regenerative generated electricity, their emission output is zero (from a well-to-wheel view). Furthermore, electric drives have very high efficiency. At cold temperatures, however, the battery power drops due to energy-intensive loads, such as the heating of the passenger compartment, and this consequently reduces the range dramatically. Therefore, the focus of this research work is external energy supply for the required heat capacity. The auxiliary energy may be generated by renewable energy technologies in order to further improve the CO<sub>2</sub> balance of electric vehicles. The paper deals with the design, application, and testing of a biofuel-operated heater to heat the passenger compartment of a battery-powered electric car (a Renault ZOE R240). The practical use of the heating system is analyzed in several test drives, performed during winter 2018. The results as well as the range extension of the electric car that can be achieved by substituting the on-board heating system by the fuel-operated heater are quantified herein.

scholarly journals ANALISIS PERKEMBANGAN KEMAMPUAN KEUANGAN DAERAH DALAM MENDUKUNG PELAKSANAAN OTONOMI DAERAH PADA DINAS PENDAPATAN DAERAH KOTA TIDORE

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (04) ◽  
Author(s):  
Umilhair Alting ◽  
Winston Pontoh ◽  
I Gede Suwetja
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Regional Development ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Fiscal Decentralization ◽  
Regional Government ◽  
Financial Capability ◽  
Growth Ratio ◽  
Regional Autonomy ◽  
New Beginning ◽  
The People

Fiscal decentralization is one the major component of the decentralization implementation of regional autonomy. As the new beginning in regional development and the people in managing the resources or all of the potential to the prosperity and the progress of region. Financial aspect is one of the basic criteria to find out the real capability regional government in managing their autonomy system (household system) the capability of regional government in managing their financial can be seen in APBD which describes the capability of local government in financing the activities of development task and equity in each region. The purpose of this research is to determine the financial capability of Tidore in regional autonomy especially in 2013-2017 judging by ratio of independency, decentralization fiscal degree, growth ratio. This research used observation, interview and documentation to collect the data. The data was analyzed using qualitative and quantitative data with described analysis. The result showed that the independence ratio of Tidore has been able to improve its financial capability. The degree of decentralization is still highly dependent on the central government, although it has been increasing year by year. Growth rate fluctuated this indicates the local government of Tidore is not too concerned with regional development and community welfare.Keywords: regional autonomy, ratio of independency, The degree of decentralization ratio, Growth ratio.

scholarly journals Areas of Regional Policy Implementation with Reference to Ensuring Economic Security

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (49) ◽  
pp. 73-81
Author(s):  
O. M. Dzhyhora ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Regional Development ◽  
Regional Policy ◽  
Spatial Organization ◽  
Life Quality ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
The State ◽  
Regional Differentiation ◽  
Production Pattern ◽  
Strategic Goal

The article is aimed at identifying the main areas of regional policy with reference to ensuring economic security. It is proved that the state regional policy is an integral part of the state policy aimed at providing the spatial organization of a region, maintaining balance, eliminating regional differentiation. The mechanism of regional policy provision is considered. The powers of regional policy actors in Ukraine are apecified. The global and local goals of regional policy are characterized, the goal hierarchy is created with respect to ensuring regional economic security. Estimates of the local goals of regional policy on achieving the strategic goal of regional policy are defined. The main global goals of regional policy are highlighted, in particular: territorial integrity, socio-economic integration and spatial development, sustainable development of the region’s diversified competitive economy, development of rural territories and territories adjacent to cities, development of human capital and life quality, effective regional development management. It is determined that the following local goals are estimated highest for achieving the strategic goal of regional policy: protection of regional interests, territorial unity, prevention of deepening imbalances in regional development, rationalization of agricultural production pattern aimed at increasing its productivity, development of a competitive industrial sector.

scholarly journals Institutional Mechanism for Ensuring Economic Security and Investment in an Inter-Sectoral Regional Complex

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 121-130
Author(s):  
V. V. Akberdina ◽  
O. P. Smirnova
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
Analysis And Evaluation ◽  
External Threats ◽  
Economic Entity ◽  
Sustainable Operation ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Institutional Mechanism

The relevance of the research is caused by the need to form a high-quality concept of a system for management and forecasting of the socio-economic development of the sectoral and inter-sectoral complex of a region. The subject of the research is the methods for forecasting the economic security under conditions of uncertainty. The purpose of the research was to consider and evaluate a model of dynamic integration of economic security for a regional inter-sectoral complex under uncertainty conditions based on the institutional approach principles. The paper analyzes the vectors of structural changes in the regional inter-sectoral complex that includes the mining, manufacturing and construction industries. A methodology for predicting the impact of the digital economy on the economic security of the regional inter-sectoral complex is considered. A new model of forecasting the economic security of the above-mentioned complex was built to be used as a tool for regulating the socio-economic development at the regional level. A set of key conditions for the development of an institutional mechanism to ensure the economic security of the region in terms of its sustainable operation and withstanding internal and external threats and risks were formed. In turn, the institutional concept of the economic security mechanism involves constant selection, analysis and evaluation of judgments about the economic security of a region, country or economic entity. This task is achieved by comparing the numerous characteristics of economic activity. The paper concludes that the proposed method of forecasting using econometric models makes it possible to assess the economic security of a regional inter-sectoral complex and timely respond to negative performance indicators.

INNOVATIZATION AS A BASIS FOR ENSURING ECONOMIC SYSTEM SECURITY

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1569-1575
Author(s):  
V.Y. Gusarova ◽  
◽  
G.R. Murtazina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Economic System ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Decisive Role ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
Economic Systems ◽  
External Threats ◽  
National Economic ◽  
Constituent Elements

In modern conditions, ensuring the security of economic systems is interconnected with the categories “sustainability” and “development”. Sustainability of an economic system reflects the reliability and strength of its constituent elements, the efficiency and inviolability of horizontal and vertical links within the system itself. Development is one of economic security components, since the lack of development significantly reduces the ability to resist and adapt to internal and external threats. The security of the national economic system is considered as the ability to survive and develop steadily in the conditions of turbulence and the influence of hard-to-predict factors. The success of economic development is largely determined by significant structural changes based on innovation. Consequently, dynamic innovative development must have an adequate innovative structure. “Innovatization” as an economic category is a process of accumulation, preservation, use and development of the innovative potential of the economic system’s acting entities. The economic theory of economic systems’ innovatization is one of the demanded economic paradigms of our time for most developed and developing countries of the world, including Russia. This is due to the decisive role of innovations in the development of economic systems and, as a result, this is as a source and one of the criterion indicators of economic security. The authors, using the holistic approach and the method of structural-logical decomposition in the study, revealed the content and forms of innovatization in economic development structures as a basis for ensuring economic security.

Coalition Governments Fiscal Implication for the Indian Economy

2005 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mala Lalvani
Keyword(s):  
Social Services ◽  
State Government ◽  
State Level ◽  
The State ◽  
Capital Expenditures ◽  
Indian Economy ◽  
Coalition Governments ◽  
Form Of Government ◽  
Government Level

The Indian polity has been through 43 coalition governments at the state level between 1966/67 and 1998/99. In the present study we attempt to examine what this change in form of government from single party to coalitions has meant for the economy. The results of our study which examines the post 1980 period give us reason to be optimistic. Coalitions at the state government level appear to have, on an average, done well to increase capital expenditures particularly capital expenditures on social services and other developmental categories. They have, however, not succeeded in taking politically hard decisions of curbing revenue expenditures and revenue deficits. It is our contention that the weak majority of coalition governments is their major strength. The tenuous hold of coalitions on power gives them a license for undertaking reforms. If the opportunity is taken to undertake the more ‘politically difficult’ reforms to prune revenue expenditures then the ‘era of coalitions’ would turn out to be a blessing in disguise for the Indian economy

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