Hydrochemical modeling of migration of dissolved oil products in groundwater

2021 ◽  
pp. 43-51
Author(s):  
В.В. Кузьмин ◽  
К.А. Болдырев
Keyword(s):  
Oil Pollution ◽  
Geochemical Modeling ◽  
Oil Products ◽  
Hydrochemical Modeling ◽  
Geochemical Model ◽  
Benzene Toluene ◽  
Decomposition Of Hydrocarbons ◽  
Biological Decomposition ◽  
Engineering Protection ◽  
Inorganic Components

Изложена методика прогнозирования распространения нефтепродуктов группы BTEX (бензол, толуол, этилбензол, ксилолы) в подземных водах на основе гидрохимического моделирования с учетом изменения окислительно-восстановительных и кислотно-щелочных свойств раствора в процессе биодеградации нефтепродуктов. Представлена геохимическая модель биологического разложения нефтепродуктов комплекса BTEX на основе модифицированной кинетики Моно с учетом реакций между акцепторами, продуктами реакции биодеградации и неорганическими компонентами раствора. Приведены примеры геохимического моделирования, демонстрирующие важность учета процессов, связанных с изменением гидрогеохимической обстановки в подземных водах при разложении углеводородов. Разработанная модель может быть использована для выполнения геохимических прогнозов распространения легких нефтепродуктов в подземных водах, проведения работ в рамках оценки воздействия на природную среду, разработки систем инженерной защиты подземных вод от загрязнения нефтепродуктами. A method for predicting the spread of BTEX group oil products (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylenes) in groundwater based on hydrochemical modeling with account of changes in the redox, acidity or alkalinity of the solution during the biodegradation of oil products is stated. A geochemical model of the biological decomposition of oil products of BTEX group based on modified Mono kinetics with account of the reactions between acceptors, biodegradation products and inorganic components of the solution is presented. Examples of geochemical modeling are given that demonstrate the importance of taking into account the processes associated with the changes in the hydrogeochemical environment in groundwater during the decomposition of hydrocarbons. The developed model can be used to carry out geochemical predictions of the spread of light-end oil products in groundwater, to carry out works within the framework of estimating the environmental impact, and to develop systems for engineering protection of groundwater from oil pollution.

scholarly journals Development of the Artificial Intelligence and Optical Sensing Methods for Oil Pollution Monitoring of the Sea by Drones

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 3642
Author(s):  
Oleg Bukin ◽  
Dmitry Proschenko ◽  
Denis Korovetskiy ◽  
Alexey Chekhlenok ◽  
Viktoria Yurchik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Autonomous Navigation ◽  
Oil Pollution ◽  
Optical Sensing ◽  
Movement Control ◽  
Oil Products ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Pollution Monitoring ◽  
Monitoring Methods ◽  
Marine Fuel

The oil pollution of seas is increasing, especially in local areas, such as ports, roadsteads of the vessels, and bunkering zones. Today, methods of monitoring seawater are costly and applicable only in the case of big ecology disasters. The development of an operative and reasonable project for monitoring the sea surface for oil slick detection is described in this article using drones equipped with optical sensing and artificial intelligence. The monitoring system is implemented in the form of separate hard and soft frameworks (HSFWs) that combine monitoring methods, hardware, and software. Three frameworks are combined to fulfill the entire monitoring mission. HSFW1 performs the function of autonomous monitoring of thin oil slicks on the sea surface, using computer vision with AI elements for detection, segmentation, and classification of thin slicks. HSFW2 is based on the use of laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) to identify types of oil products that form a slick or that are in a dissolved state, as well as measure their concentration in solution. HSFW3 is designed for autonomous navigation and drone movement control. This article describes AI elements and hardware complexes of the three separate frameworks designed to solve the problems with monitoring slicks of oil products on the sea surface and oil products dissolved in seawater. The results of testing the HSFWs for the detection of pollution caused by marine fuel slicks are described.

scholarly journals pH-Dependent Leaching Characteristics of Major and Toxic Elements from Red Mud

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. 2046 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yulong Cui ◽  
Jiannan Chen ◽  
Yibo Zhang ◽  
Daoping Peng ◽  
Tao Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
Red Mud ◽  
Geochemical Modeling ◽  
Bauxite Residue ◽  
Combined Processes ◽  
Geochemical Model ◽  
Modeling Analysis ◽  
Leaching Characteristics ◽  
Ph Level ◽  
Leaching Pattern

This study analyzes the leaching behavior of elements from red mud (bauxite residue) at pH values ranging from 2 to 13. The leaching characteristics of metals and contaminated anions in five red mud samples produced by Bayer and combined processes were analyzed using the batch leaching technique following the US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) Method 1313. In addition, the geochemical model of MINTEQ 3.1 was used to identify the leaching mechanisms of metals. The results showed that Ca, Mg, and Ba follow the cationic leaching pattern. Al, As, and Cr show an amphoteric leaching pattern. The leaching of Cl− is unaffected by the pH. The maximum leaching concentration of the proprietary elements occurs under extremely acidic conditions (pH = 2), except for As. The leaching concentration of F− reaches 1.4–27.0 mg/L in natural pH conditions (i.e., no acid or base addition). At the same pH level, the leaching concentrations of Pb, As, Cr, and Cu are generally higher from red mud produced by the combined process than that those of red mud from the Bayer process. The leaching concentration of these elements is not strongly related to the total elemental concentration in the red mud. Geochemical modeling analysis indicates that the leaching of metal elements, including Al, Ca, Fe, Cr, Cu, Pb, Mg, Ba, and Mn, in red mud are controlled by solubility. The leaching of these elements depended on the dissolution/precipitation of their (hydr)oxides, carbonate, or sulfate solids.

scholarly journals THE INFLUENCE OF OIL PRODUCTION ON AQUATIC ORGANISMS OF THE CASPIAN SEA

2019 ◽  
pp. 6-10
Author(s):  
Marina Vladimirovna KHLOPKOVA
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Caspian Sea ◽  
Oil Pollution ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Oil Production ◽  
Oil Products ◽  
Drilling Fluids ◽  
The Caspian Sea

The article summarizes data on the effects of oil products and drilling fluids on the inhabitants of the Caspian Sea., Compared to the Caspian autochthons, invasive species are more resistant to oil pollution. It leads to changes in the species composition of the biocenoses.

scholarly journals Environment Pollution With Oil Products and Review of Possibilities for Collection Thereof

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 301
Author(s):  
Juris Treijs ◽  
Edmunds Teirumnieks ◽  
Viktors Mironovs
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Oil Pollution ◽  
Oil Products ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Small Water ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Military Facilities ◽  
Oil And Oil Products

The largest global pollution nowadays gives oil and oil products. This contamination poses a danger to the environment and aquatic eco-systems. Not only seas but also small water bodies and watercourses, as well as coastal areas, soil and groundwater are contaminated with oil products. Contamination results in destruction of some plants or animals, but in events of high oil contamination also of the entire ecosystem. Latvia has inherited the oil pollution from both the Soviet Union large-scale industry and its military facilities, as well as at present the oil products are getting into environment from petrol stations, accidents, and from the cross-border pollution. In many cases of oil spills, people are trying to collect them in order to have no impact on the environment, but unfortunately very often, even in most cases this does not occur. Financial resources, as well as the lack of appropriate technologies or restricted possibilities for their application are the limiting factors. The article deals with the traditional methods of oil collection in water and also describes options for decontamination of polluted soil from the oil products. A brief insight is provided into application of ferromagnetic sorbents, which is a new method for collection of oil and oil products.

scholarly journals USE OF MODERN METHODS OF IDENTIFICATION OF HYDROCARBON CONTAINING MICROORGANISMS ISOLATED FROM THE MARINE ENVIRONMENT OF THE CASPIAN SEA

REPORTS ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (334) ◽  
pp. 96-102
Author(s):  
Zh.K. Musayeva ◽  
◽  
E.K. Musayev ◽  
S.E. Koibakova ◽  
S. Syrlybekkyzy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Marine Environment ◽  
Caspian Sea ◽  
Industrial Ecology ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Oil Pollution ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Oil Products ◽  
The Caspian Sea ◽  
Microbiological Methods ◽  
Low Efficiency

Currently, the problem of the negative impact of petroleum hydrocarbons in the Caspian Sea has become catastrophic. Intensive pollution of marine waters by oil and oil products, from production, transportation and storage of hydrocarbons leads to the oppression of the sea ecosystem. Mechanical and physico-chemical methods for cleaning the marine environment are characterized by low efficiency, secondary pollution and high cost. The most promising is the use of microbiological methods for cleaning waters from oil pollution. In the article presents the results of the identification of reactive oxidizing bacteria isolated from the marine environment of the Caspian Sea, for further use in new biopreparation from oil pollutions. From the sea water in bulk berths Aktau sea port and the port of Bautino (North Caspian) allocated 27 hydrocarbon isolates of microorganisms having the ability to oil degradation of these strains selected the 4 most active cultures, which were identified as Bacillus cereus (2 strains), strain Bacillus sr.13 and Acinetobacter sr.10. Article is written by results of the scientific project of grant financing of Committee of Science of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Kazakhstan "Activization of the self-clearing ability of sea water of the Caspian Sea from oil products". Article is issued thanks to the international project Tempus of IV IEMAST of "Establishing Modern Master-level Studies in Industrial Ecology".

scholarly journals Oil pollution of the western Gulf of the Ob coast

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-112
Author(s):  
O. A. Kulikova ◽  
E. A. Mazlova ◽  
D. I. Bradik ◽  
E. P. Kudrova ◽  
N. V. Tkachev
Keyword(s):  
Oil Pollution ◽  
Oil Products ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Anthropogenic Pressure ◽  
Pollution Levels ◽  
Environmental Objects ◽  
Maximal Permissible Concentration ◽  
Polluted Sites ◽  
High Level ◽  
Remediation Plan

The article reports the results of the summer 2018 expedition to Cape Kamenny(of the Ob bay, Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Region) and the nearby non-functioning oil product supply facility (OPSF).The aim of the study was to monitor the current environmental situation and assess the level of oil pollution of environmental objects on these territories. The field and laboratory studies revealed the need to treat and remediate the oil-polluted soils, water bodies and wetlands.The field surveys of the territories showed the presence of visible oil polluted sites. The results of the laboratory tests revealed an excess of maximal permissible concentration (MPC) levels (1.3 – 6.2 MPC) for the water bodies located near the sources of oil pollution. The soil samples near the OPSF demonstrate a significant excess of oil products content (up to 1474 times). The soils sampled at Cape Kamenny are characterized by smaller content of oil products.Since the non-functioning OPSF is situated on a territory that has always been poluted by oil, it seems necessary to develop a land remediation plan to rehabilitate the site and to prevent a further pollution of the adjacent territories due to the migration of the pollutants.The oil pollution levels established for Cape Kamenny territory indicate a fairly high level of anthropogenic pressure in this area. Due to the low comparatively low soil stability in the area, it appears necessary to augment the measures for controlling the oil products leakage and spills at all the potentially hazardous objects.

scholarly journals Field testing of immobilized oil-degrading microorganisms in the Zhanatalap field of Atyrau region

2020 ◽  
Vol 62 (5) ◽  
pp. 142-150
Author(s):  
Alibek A. Kaziev ◽  
◽  
Amantay Sh. Akzhigitov ◽  
Sofia Z. Sagyndykova ◽  
Azamat N. Nurlybekov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Oil Pollution ◽  
Biomass Accumulation ◽  
Field Testing ◽  
Sole Source ◽  
Oil Products ◽  
Natural Ecosystems ◽  
Sorption Ability ◽  
Immobilized Microorganisms ◽  
Oil And Oil Products

Hydrocarbon-oxidizing microorganisms are widespread in natural ecosystems, since the ability to oxidize hydrocarbons is associated with the presence of enzymes of the oxidase group, with microorganisms using oil and oil products as the sole source of carbon and energy in the microbiological decomposition of hydrocarbons. The decomposition of oil and oil products in the soil under natural conditions is a biogeochemical process in which the functional activity of a complex of soil microorganisms that ensure the complete mineralization of oil and oil products to carbon dioxide and water is of crucial importance. The search for effective indigenous hydrocarbon-oxidizing microorganisms, the creation on their basis of a full-fledged specialized consortium of microorganisms and their introduction into the initial, cleaned environment is one of the promising methods of purification with oil pollution in the oil-producing regions of Kazakhstan. Among the new biological methods for cleaning soil from oil pollution, the most promising are the use of a consortium based on immobilized microorganisms. A correctly selected carrier capable of sorption of petroleum hydrocarbons preserves and maintains attached cells in a viable state for a long time and protects them, especially at the initial stage of introduction, from adverse environmental conditions, which increases the efficiency of oil destruction. Hydrocarbon-oxidizing microorganisms have high emulsifying activity and sorption ability for expanded clay, optimal conditions for biomass accumulation are: temperature 28-30 °С, pH = 7 and 9. It is recommended to use a consortium of oil-degrading microorganisms based on the native strains of cultures Bacillus firmus S20, Bacillus subtilis PR28, Micrococcus roseus UD6-4, Micrococcus varians PR69 to clean the soils contaminated with oil and oil products in the Zhanatalap field in the Atyrau region. It should be noted that after 8 months at the Zhanatalap field in the Atyrau region, oil destruction amounted to 94.3% in the variant with the introduction of immobilized microorganisms on zeolite and expanded clay. The results of the research are the basis for further development of technology for the restoration of oil-contaminated soils in arid conditions of Kazakhstan.

scholarly journals SATELLITE RADAR MONITORING OF OIL POLLUTION IN THE WATER AREAS BETWEEN ANAPA AND GELENDZHIK IN 2018–2020

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 163-185
Author(s):  
N. A. Knyazev ◽  
O. Yu. Lavrova ◽  
A. G. Kostianoy
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
Oil Pollution ◽  
Radar Data ◽  
Oil Products ◽  
Satellite Monitoring ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Northeastern Part ◽  
Radar Images ◽  
Data Archives ◽  
Satellite Radar

The paper presents the results of satellite monitoring of oil pollution in the northeastern part of the Black Sea in the area between Anapa and Gelendzhik in 2018–2020. The monitoring was carried out using the archives of radar data obtained by SAR-C radars installed on the Sentinel-1A and -1B satellites. The work with the data archives was carried out using the tools of the “See the Sea” (STS) information system developed at the Space Research Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The conducted satellite monitoring revealed the main sources of sea surface pollution with oil products in the study area. The overwhelming pollution (85%) is associated with discharges of water containing oil products from moving vessels. With the help of STS tools, a map of oil pollution detected on radar images was compiled, on the basis of which the main areas of oil pollution were identified. These include the main shipping routes to the Novorossiysk Sea Port, the anchorage of ships and the water areas of the Tsemes (Novorossiysk) Bay and Gelendzhik Bay. Seasonal and interannual variability of oil pollution was determined on the basis of satellite information for the area between Anapa and Gelendzhik. The results of the 2018–2020 monitoring were compared with those obtained during similar monitoring carried out in 2006–2010. It was concluded that there has been no reduction in the amount of detected pollution, which negatively affects the ecological state of the northeastern part of the Black Sea.

scholarly journals Application of a new method for determining the mass of oil per unit area of bottom sediments of water bodies

2021 ◽  
Vol 265 ◽  
pp. 02014
Author(s):  
Vladislava Perminova ◽  
Danil Vorobiev ◽  
Yulia Frank ◽  
Vladislav Perminov
Keyword(s):  
Bottom Sediments ◽  
Water Body ◽  
Oil Pollution ◽  
Unit Area ◽  
Oil Products ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Urgent Problem ◽  
State Information ◽  
Oil And Oil Products

The authors of the article draw the readers’ attention to the urgent problem that is the assessment of the pollution of bottom sediments of water bodies with hydrocarbons in the form of oil and oil products. When conducting surveys of water bodies, the determination of the content of oil or oil products in bottom sediments is expressed in grams per kilogram of precipitation in an air-dry state. Information in this form cannot be associated with the mass of oil at the bottom of the water body, what is very important when designing treatment works and calculating damage to aquatic biological resources. The method for determining the mass of oil pollution per unit area of bottom sediments of water bodies has been proposed and tested, what makes it possible to associate pollution not only with the concentration of pollutants, but also with the area of the reservoir.

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