scholarly journals POLA KUMAN PADA PASIEN BARU INFEKSI MENULAR SEKSUAL DI POLIKLINIK KULIT DAN KELAMIN RSUP. PROF. Dr. R.D. KANDOU MANADO PERIODE NOVEMBER 2010 S.D NOVEMBER 2012

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fitri Yanti Tanaiyo ◽  
John Porotu’o ◽  
Standy Soeliongan

Abstract: STIs (Sexually Transmitted Infections) are diseases which is transmitted through sexual contact (oral, vaginal, anal) with an infected person. WHO (World Health Organization) in 2001 estimated STI patients around the world as much as 340 million people. This research uses descriptive retrospective study in November 2012 to January 2013 where conducted in the department of dermatology clinic at Prof.Dr.R.D.Kandou General Hospital, Manado. The research sample is a new STI patients who come for treatment at the clinic that had microbiological laboratory examination such as direct examination and gram staining examination. Based on data collected from 163 patients who had a new IMS and had direct microbiological examination for trichomonas only one patient was found positive result that 38 years old female. Based on gram stain examination, 83 patients were found positive results. Based on gram stain examination for pseudohyphae, 24 (14,7%) patients with positive results. 18 of them females and 11 where in the age group 20-29 years. Among 163 patients there were 10 (6,1%) patients were positive results of gram positive bacilli, seven among them are females and in all age groups. For gram negative bacilli obtained positive results in 24 (14,7%) of 163 patients, 15 of them are females and most in the age group 20-29 years. Among 163 patients, 9 patients (5,5%) were found positive results for gram positive diplococcus, 8 males and the highest number in the age group 20-29 years for gram negative diplococcus obtained positive results in 16 (9,8%) of 163 patients, 15 of them in males and highest number in the age group 20-29 years. The presence of STIs are in increasing every year due to lack of attention from the healthy centers and the lack of knowledge about the causes and consequences of STIs. The socialization of STIs and adolescence's sex education are important for STIs preventions. Keywords: Sexually Transmitted Infection, Sexually Transmitted Disease     Abstrak: IMS (Infeksi Menular Seksual) adalah penyakit yang menular melalui hubungan seksual (oral, vaginal, anal) dengan orang yang telah terinfeksi. WHO (World Health Organization) pada tahun 2001 memperkirakan penderita IMS diseluruh dunia sebanyak 340 juta orang. Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif retrospektif dengan waktu penelitian pada bulan November 2012 sampai Januari 2013 yang dilaksanakan di Poliklinik Kulit dan Kelamin RSUP Prof.Dr.R.D.Kandou, Manado. Sampel penelitian adalah pasien IMS baru yang datang berobat yang telah menjalani pemeriksaan laboratorium mikrobiologi langsung dan pewarnaan gram. Berdasarkan data yang diambil dari 163 pasien yang telah dilakukan pemeriksaan mikrobiologi langsung untuk trikomonas didapati satu pasien yang hasilnya positifyaitu pasien perempuan usia 38 tahun. Dari pewarnaan gram didapatkan 83 pasien dengan hasil positif. Untuk pseudohifa, hasil positif pada 24 orang (14,7%), 18 diantaranya pada perempuan dan 11 diantaranya pada kelompok usia 20-29 tahun. Dari pewarnaan gram didapati dari 163 pasien ada 10 orang (6,1%) yang hasil positif basil gram positif, 7 diantaranya pada perempuan dan terdapat pada semua kelompok usia. Untuk basil gram negatifdidapatkan hasil positif pada 24 (14,7%) dari 163 pasien, 15 diantaranya pada perempuan dan terbanyak pada kelompok usia 20-29 tahun. Dari 163 pasien didapatkan hasil positif untuk diplokokus gram positif sebanyak 9 orang (5,5%), 8 diantaranya pada pria danjumlah terbanyak pada kelompok usia 20-29 tahun. Untuk diplokokus gram negatif didapatkan hasil positif pada 16 (9,8%) dari 163 orang pasien, 15 diantaranya pada pria dan terbanyak pada kelompok usia 20-29 tahun. Terjadinya kasus IMS yang meningkat setiap tahunnya diduga karena kurangnya perhatian dari pusat kesehatan dan kurangnya pengetahuna tentang sebab dan akibat dari IMS. Banyaknya sosialisasi tentang IMS dan pendidikan seks pada usia dini pent ing untuk pencegahan IMS. Kata kunci: Infeksi Menular Seksual, Penyakit Menular Seksual

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1966 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 392-392
Author(s):  
THOMAS E. CONE

This is a timely, concise, eminently practical, thoughtfully, even tenderly, written 28 page report of a recent WHO Expert Committee meeting on the health problems of adolescence. The members and the consultants to the Committee deftly summarize the major worldwide trends affecting our adolescent population. The size of this population is staggering; in the age group 15-19 years alone there are already 300 million adolescents in the world, and there seems every likelihood that these numbers will increase rapidly during the next decade.


2005 ◽  
Vol 10 (37) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Lehtinen

At a World Health Organization meeting, the latest developments in human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination were discussed. The leading theme that emerged was how to implement within national programmes the concept of vaccinating adolescents both against a common sexually transmitted infection


e-CliniC ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Deivy A. Makalew ◽  
Grace M. Kapantow ◽  
Herry E. J. Pandaleke

Abstract: Morbus Hansen (MH) is a chronic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae. World Health Organization data showed that in 2018, Indonesia was the third rank in the world with incidences of 17,017 cases. This study was aimed to determine the profile of MH patients at Irina F-Dermatovenereology of Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital. This was a descriptive retrospective study by evaluating medical record files of MH patients hospitalized at Irina F-Dermatovenereology, Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital from 2016 to 2018. The results showed that the distribution of MH patients in 2016-2018 was 14 patients, 20 patients, and 18 patients respectively. Most patients were in the age group of 25-34 years (38.46%). Males were more common than females (4.8:1). Most patients were from Manado. All patients had multibacillary (MB) type MH and ENL was the most common reaction (86.54%). The comorbidities were gastrointestinal disorders, electrolyte imbalance, and anemia. In conclusion, the number of hospitalized MH patients was slightly increased from 2016 to 2017 and then was decreased insignificantly in 2018. Most patients were male, in the age group of 25-34 years, came from Manado, multibacillary type MH, had ENL reaction and comorbidity of gastrointestinal disorders.Keywords: Morbus Hansen, hospitalized patients Abstrak: Morbus Hansen (MH) merupakan penyakit infeksi kronik yang disebabkan oleh Mycobacterium leprae. Data World Health Organization (WHO) pada tahun 2018 menunjukkan bahwa Indonesia menempati peringkat ketiga di dunia dengan jumlah kasus baru mencapai 17.017 kasus. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui profil penderita MH di Irina F Kulit dan Kelamin RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado. Jenis penelitian ialaht deskriptif retrospektif dengan cara mengevaluasi berkas rekam medis penderita MH yang dirawat inap di Irina F Kulit dan Kelamin RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado pada periode 2016-2018. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan distribusi penderita MH pada tahun 2016 sebanyak 14 pasien, tahun 2017 sebanyak 20 pasien, dan tahun 2018 yaitu 18 pasien. Kelompok usia terbanyak ialah 25-34 tahun (38,46%). Penderita laki-laki lebih banyak dibandingkan perem-puan (4,8:1). Penderita terbanyak berasal dari Kota Manado. Semua penderita memiliki MH tipe Multibasiler (MB). Reaksi ENL merupakan tipe reaksi yang terbanyak (86,54%). Penyakit penyerta yang banyak didapati ialah gangguan gastrointestinal, gangguan elektrolit dan anemia. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah penderita MH yang dirawat inap mengalami peningkatan dari tahun 2016 sampai 2017, sedikit menurun pada tahun 2018 namun tidak bermakna. Penderita yang terbanyak ialah kelompok usia 25-34 tahun, jenis kelamin laki-laki, asal Kota Manado, MH tipe Multibasiler (MB), reaksi tipe ENL, penyakit penyerta gangguan gastrointestinal.Kata kunci: Morbus Hansen, pasien rawat inap


2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 19-26
Author(s):  
Janmejay Pant ◽  
Harneet Marwah ◽  
Ripudaman M Singh ◽  
Subhajit Hazra

Introduction: Pharmacovigilance (PV) is defined as the science and activities related to the detection, assessment, understanding, and prevention of Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRs) and related conditions. Methods: In the 1970s, several significant cases of ADR aided the advancement of the discipline. Between 1989 and 2004, several attempts were made to implement such a program in India, but the scheme was eventually launched in 2010 and is now operating successfully and producing positive results. Results: The pharmacovigilance Program of India (PvPI) contributed different data to the World Health Organization (WHO) Uppsala Monitoring Center (UMC) based on the data gathered from this process. Indian regulatory have sent several alerts to stakeholders and provided the Central Drugs Standard Control Organization (CDSCO) with several recommendations. CDSCO has since advised Marketing Authorisation Holders (MAHs) to follow the same guidelines and has amended the Drugs and Cosmetics Act and Regulations to reflect this. Conclusions: The time has come for Indian regulatory authorities to take the required action based on data generated in our country rather than data generated in several other countries.


2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 836-849
Author(s):  
MUSA Basheer MANSOUR ◽  
Sara Elsheikh Ahmedana

PEP is taking human immunodeficiency virus medicine (HIV) within 72 hours after possible exposure to HIV to prevent the occurrence of the disease. Significance: exposure to the needle, surgical equipment, and rape is a life-threatening condition for hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), HIV, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) infection, tetanus, and syphilis. The objective of this study was to assess the PEP. Methods: It was a descriptive-analytical study in OVCTC in September 2008. 30 patients in study as the whole number. We included all patients attending the OVCTC and potential exposed either occupationally or through sexual intercourse and received antiretroviral therapy (ARV) agents as prophylaxis All cases diagnosed as HIV/AIDS and all persons need counseling were excluded in this study. Secondary data were collected from the records of the patients in OVCTC. Ethical considerations and clearance were taken from OVCTC and patients. It was accepted by the director. Results: In these study 30 cases fully described from the record and part of them were interviewed. Most cases (13) 43% in the age group 26 -35 years and the minority (2) 6% in age group (5 -15 years) and (2) 6% in age group (46-55years). Male (17)56.6% and Female (13)43.4%. Single (14) 46.6%, married (14)46.6%, widow (1)3.3% and divorced (1)3.3%. Most of them (21),70% are the health care professional, (27) 90% are educated and (26)86.3%lived in Khartoum. The equipment of exposure (28)93.3% due to needle stick, (1)3.3% due to rape and (1)3.3% due to rosary. (16)53.3%were expose in 2007, (12)40% in 2008 and (2)6.6% in 2006. All of them started needle stick protocol. The baseline of HIV testing is negative in all. All of them started Duovir according to world health organization guidelines and non-reported side effects or complications. Conclusion: Although PEP is offered in OVCTC according to world health organization (WHO) guidelines, pre and post-test counseling, ARV prophylaxis, and counseling including ARV side effects; the outcome is good, although the patients are not adherent to schedule follow-up in the center.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suaad Ameen Moghalles ◽  
Basher Ahmed Aboasba ◽  
Mohammed Abdullah Alamad ◽  
Yousef Saleh Khader

BACKGROUND As a consequence of war and the collapse of the health system in Yemen, which prevented many people from accessing health facilities to obtain primary health care, vaccination coverage was affected, leading to a deadly diphtheria epidemic at the end of 2017. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to describe the epidemiology of diphtheria in Yemen and determine its incidence and case fatality rate. METHODS Data were obtained from the diphtheria surveillance program 2017-2018, using case definitions of the World Health Organization. A probable case was defined as a case involving a person having laryngitis, pharyngitis, or tonsillitis and an adherent membrane of the tonsils, pharynx, and/or nose. A confirmed case was defined as a probable case that was laboratory confirmed or linked epidemiologically to a laboratory-confirmed case. Data from the Central Statistical Organization was used to calculate the incidence per 100,000 population. A <i>P</i> value &lt;.05 was considered significant. RESULTS A total of 2243 cases were reported during the period between July 2017 and August 2018. About 49% (1090/2243, 48.6%) of the cases were males. About 44% (978/2243, 43.6%) of the cases involved children aged 5 to 15 years. Respiratory tract infection was the predominant symptom (2044/2243, 91.1%), followed by pseudomembrane (1822/2243, 81.2%). Based on the vaccination status, the percentages of partially vaccinated, vaccinated, unvaccinated, and unknown status patients were 6.6% (148/2243), 30.8% (690/2243), 48.6% (10902243), and 14.0% (315/2243), respectively. The overall incidence of diphtheria was 8 per 100,000 population. The highest incidence was among the age group &lt;15 years (11 per 100,000 population), and the lowest incidence was among the age group ≥15 years (5 per 100,000 population). The overall case fatality rate among all age groups was 5%, and it was higher (10%) in the age group &lt;5 years. Five governorates that were difficult to access (Raymah, Abyan, Sa'ada, Lahj, and Al Jawf) had a very high case fatality rate (22%). CONCLUSIONS Diphtheria affected a large number of people in Yemen in 2017-2018. The majority of patients were partially or not vaccinated. Children aged ≤15 years were more affected, with higher fatality among children aged &lt;5 years. Five governorates that were difficult to access had a case fatality rate twice that of the World Health Organization estimate (5%-10%). To control the diphtheria epidemic in Yemen, it is recommended to increase routine vaccination coverage and booster immunizations, increase public health awareness toward diphtheria, and strengthen the surveillance system for early detection and immediate response.


2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S460-S461
Author(s):  
Andrew Grose ◽  
Rima McLeod

Abstract Background Part of an essential “toolbox” to eliminate Toxoplasma gondii infection is prompt recognition of acute infection acquired during gestation, in order to initiate treatment for congenital toxoplasmosis (CT). From conception to one month post-partum, screening seronegative pregnant women monthly for antibody to the parasite enables treatment that prevents trans-placental transmission of newly acquired maternal Toxoplasma, or that attenuates signs and symptoms of CT. Tests that are highly sensitive and specific—and that meet the other World Health Organization ASSURED criteria for diagnostics—are very useful for this kind of screening. Herein, we evaluated the accuracy of a test that meets these criteria—the LDBIO Toxoplasma ICT IgG-IgM device (LDBIO)—and whether it eliminated difficulties of other tests with false positive IgM results. World Health Organization A.S.S.U.R.E.D. criteria These are criteria for ideal screening or diagnostic tests, as described in a September 2017 paper in the Bulletin of the World Health Organization. Our study focused mostly on sensitivity and specificity for the LDBIO immunochromatography test for IgG and IgM specific to Toxoplasma gondii. Methods Both parts of this study examined results generated by the LDBIO device—a point-of-care immunochromatography test for Toxoplasma IgG and IgM—using serum and whole blood samples. With whole blood, thirty microliters were collected using a glass micro hematocrit tube. With both sera and whole blood, samples were loaded into the well of the LDBIO device, which took 20 minutes to generate results. In the first part of this study, we summarized results from three published U.S. studies and added new data from an ongoing clinical trial at the University of Chicago Medical Center (UCMC). In the second part of this study, we compiled data on how the LDBIO device performed on a total of 69 samples from U.S. and French studies that had led to false positive results when tested with commercially available comparator tests. Four of these false positives came from the UCMC trial. UCMC Feasiblity Study Flowchart Flowchart for ongoing feasibility study on the LDBIO device at the University of Chicago Medical Center. Data from this study may inform whether the LDBIO test—which already has the CE Mark for use in Europe—will receive 510(k) approval from the Food and Drug Administration in the U.S. Steps for Using LDBIO Device (A,B) Clean fingertip; prick with lancet (if collecting whole blood only) (C,D) Collect 30 uL in capillary tube (WB only) (E,F) Apply serum or blood sample to well; add four drops buffer and wait about 20 minutes (G) How to interpret results: black line under “T” corresponds to IgG and/or IgM to T. gondii Results LDBIO had only one false negative for a total of 664 samples from three earlier U.S. studies and the UCMC feasibility study. Meanwhile, out of 69 total false positives from various non-reference laboratory comparator tests, such as the Bio-Rad Platelia and Siemens kits, the LDBIO generated zero false positives. LDBIO's Performance on U.S. Samples Since 2014 In all four U.S. studies (total 664 patients), the LDBIO device generated one false negative result and zero false positive results. LDBIO vs. Comparator Tests Since 2017 In these three clinical settings (69 total samples), LDBIO correctly avoided generating the same false positive that had been generated by a test already cleared for widespread use in the U.S. or France. Conclusion As LDBIO shows high sensitivity and specificity and can avoid confounding false positive results, this device merits consideration as a high-quality screening test that can assist public health efforts to improve CT care worldwide. Countries Working to Implement Regular Prenatal Screening for CT Prevention The countries in green represent countries currently working with the University of Chicago to implement regular prenatal screening programs for Toxoplasma gondii: U.S., Panama, Colombia, Brazil, Morocco, and France. Screening programs in all six countries rely on low-cost, highly-accurate screening technology that meets the WHO's ASSURED criteria. The LDBIO test -- which is already in use in France -- may become a usable resource in the other five countries if it gains FDA approval. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures


2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (05) ◽  
pp. 350-353
Author(s):  
Jihe Zhu ◽  
Blagica Arsovska ◽  
Kristina Kozovska

According to the data of the World Health Organization, globally, in 2018, 18 million new cases of cancer were registered, of which 2.09 million (11.6%) were diagnosed with lung cancer and 9.6 million deaths, of which 1.76 million (18.4) are in lung cancer. The overall standardized incidence rate by age is 25% higher in men than in women. Statistical data taken from the Center for public health – Shtip,  shows that lung cancer is more common in men and more common in people aged 55-65, while in women there is no dominance of a certain age group. The total number of newly registered cases of lung cancer in Stip for 2016 is a total of 25. In 2017 the total number is 35 of which 30 of the patients are men, most of them are aged 55 to 65 years. In 2018 the total number is 22. The total number of newly registered cases of lung cancer in Shtip for 2019 is 7 of which are all registered in men, most are aged 45 to 54 and 65 to 75 years. Due to the frequency of this type of cancer, it is important to raise the awareness in people to prevent or detect the disease early, which improves the chances for a better prognosis and a better outcome of treatment.


e-CliniC ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurrahmi Alfari ◽  
Marlyn G. Kapantow ◽  
Thigita Pandaleke

Abstract: According to WHO in 2008, prevalence of Trichomoniasis is number one of the total number of new cases of sexually transmitted diseases, reaching 276.4 million (Chlamydia trachomatis 105.7 million, 106.1 million Neisseria gonorrhea, syphilis 10.6 million). Trichomoniasis is a protozoal disease that attacks the lower urogenital tract in both men and women and is caused by Trichomonas vaginalis, this disease is usually transmitted through sexual intercourse. In women this parasitic infection mainly causes vaginitis, whereas in men can lead to urethritis but often asymptomatic so men rarely to do the check. This study’s goal to gain trichomoniasis patients profile at the dermatovenereology clinic of Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou General Hospital Manado during the period from January 2011 – December 2015. This is a retrospective descriptive study from the secondary data of trichomoniasis patients based on age, type of job, complaints and clinical findings, and co-infection with other STDs. The results showed of 22 cases with trichomoniasis, found most often in the age group 25-44 years as many as 15 cases (68.18%), with the youngest 16 and the oldest 41 years of age, most of the patients are housewife (45.45%), complaints vary but all come with complaints vaginal discharge, co-infected with other STDs, 7 cases (31.82%).Keywords: trichomoniasis, trichomonas vaginalis, STD Abstrak: Trikomoniasis menempati nomor urut pertama prevalensinya menurut World health Organization pada tahun 2008 yakni mencapai 276,4 juta dari jumlah total kasus baru penyakit menular seksual(105.7 juta Klamidia trakomatis, 106.1 juta Neisseria gonore, 10.6 juta sifilis). Trikomoniasis merupakan suatu penyakit infeksi protozoa yang menyerang traktus urogenitalis bagian bawah baik pada pria maupun wanita dan disebabkan oleh Trichomonas vaginalis, biasanya penyakit ini ditularkan melalui hubungan seksual. Pada wanita infeksi parasit ini terutama menyebabkan vaginitis, sedangkan pada laki-laki menyebabkan uretritis namun sering asimptomatik sehingga pria jarang memeriksakan diri. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui profil pasien trikomoniasis di poliklinik kulit dan kelamin RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado Periode Januari 2011 – Desember 2015. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif retrospektif dari data sekuduer pasien trikomoniasis berdasarkan umur, jenis Pekerjaan, keluhan dan temuan klinis dan ko-infeksi dengan IMS lainnya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan dari 22 kasus dengan trikomoniasis, didapatkan paling sering pada kelompok usia 25-44 tahun sebesar 15 kasus (68,18%), dengan usia termuda 16 tahun dan usia tertua 41 tahun., pekerjaan terbanyak Ibu Rumah Tangga (45,45%), keluhan beragam namun seluruhnya datang dengan keluhan duh tubuh, ko-infeksi IMS lainnya 7 kasus (31,82%). Kata kunci: trikomoniasis, trikomonas vaginalis, IMS


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