Edge stabilities and growth kinetics of graphene-like two dimensional monolayers composed with Group 15 elements

Graphene-like two dimensional (2D) monolayers constructed with β-structured Group 15 (β-G15) elements have attracted great interests due to their intrinsic bandgaps, thermodynamic stabilities and high mobilities. Quite different from graphene,...

Effects of Various Exercises on the Microvascular Reactivity of the Skin of the Knee Joint in Middle-Aged and Elderly Women

The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of square dance and brisk walking with the same frequency on the microvascular reactivity of the knee joint of elderly and middle-aged women. For the first time in Enshi city, women aged 55 to 65 years old were selected for experimental subjects, which included 15 in square dance group, 15 in Taijiquan group, 15 in fast walking group and 15 in control group. The changes in the skin microvascular reactivity of the knee joint were studied. The effects of various exercise regimens on the knee joint were evaluated. The results after the experiment, compared with the pre-experiment group, the increase rate of MBP in Taiji group increased significantly, but there was no significant change in square dance group, brisk walk group and control group (P > 0.05). The MBP in control group decreased in different degrees but not significantly (P > 0.05). The change in the AVBC rate in the Taijiquan group was significant, but not significantly so compared to the control group. The same results were obtained in the other groups. Hence, the increase rate of MBP in Taijiquan group was significantly higher than that in square dance group, fast walking group and control group, the increase rate of MBP in square dance group was significantly higher than that in control group, and the increase rate of AVBC in Taijiquan group was significantly higher than that in fast walking group and control group.

Short- and long-term effects of amoxicillin/clavulanic acid or doxycycline on the gastrointestinal microbiome of growing cats

Antibiotic treatment in early life influences gastrointestinal (GI) microbial composition and function. In humans, the resultant intestinal dysbiosis is associated with an increased risk for certain diseases later in life. The objective of this study was to determine the temporal effects of antibiotic treatment on the GI microbiome of young cats. Fecal samples were collected from cats randomly allocated to receive either amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (20 mg/kg q12h) for 20 days (AMC group; 15 cats) or doxycycline (10 mg/kg q24h) for 28 days (DOX group;15 cats) as part of the standard treatment of upper respiratory tract infection. In addition, feces were collected from healthy control cats (CON group;15 cats). All cats were approximately two months of age at enrolment. Samples were collected on days 0 (baseline), 20 or 28 (AMC and DOX, respectively; last day of treatment), 60, 120, and 300. DNA was extracted and sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene and qPCR assays were performed. Fecal microbial composition was different on the last day of treatment for AMC cats, and 1 month after the end of antibiotic treatment for DOX cats, compared to CON cats. Species richness was significantly greater in DOX cats compared to CON cats on the last day of treatment. Abundance of Enterobacteriales was increased, and that of Erysipelotrichi was decreased in cats of the AMC group on the last day of treatment compared to CON cats. The abundance of the phylum Proteobacteria was increased in cats of the DOX group on days 60 and 120 compared to cats of the CON group. Only minor differences in abundances between the treatment groups and the control group were present on day 300. Both antibiotics appear to delay the developmental progression of the microbiome, and this effect is more profound during treatment with amoxicillin/clavulanic acid and one month after treatment with doxycycline. Future studies are required to determine if these changes influence microbiome function and whether they have possible effects on disease susceptibility in cats.

On the Importance of Pnictogen and Chalcogen Bonding Interactions in Supramolecular Catalysis

In this review, several examples of the application of pnictogen (Pn) (group 15) and chalcogen (Ch) bonding (group 16) interactions in organocatalytic processes are gathered, backed up with Molecular Electrostatic Potential surfaces of model systems. Despite the fact that the use of catalysts based on pnictogen and chalcogen bonding interactions is taking its first steps, it should be considered and used by the scientific community as a novel, promising tool in the field of organocatalysis.

Methods of Modıfıcatıon of Used Polyolephınes

After aging, LDIР polyethylene was modified from local raw materials, and 80% of the original characteristics of LDIР polyethylene were restored. As a result of modification of the complex properties of LDIR by zeolite and midwife, enthusiasm is observed. It was determined that per 100 mass parts (wt.h) of LDIR leaving the operation when modified with a functional group - 15-20 wt.h., fillers - 6-8 wt.h. zeolite and 20-25 wt. including shell rock and to some extent it is possible to restore the basic properties of LDIR in certain optimal quantities.

Methods of Modıfıcatıon of Used Polyolephınes

After aging, LDIР polyethylene was modified from local raw materials, and 80% of the original characteristics of LDIР polyethylene were restored. As a result of modification of the complex properties of LDIR by zeolite and midwife, enthusiasm is observed. It was determined that per 100 mass parts (wt.h) of LDIR leaving the operation when modified with a functional group – 15-20 wt.h., fillers – 6-8 wt.h. zeolite and 20-25 wt. including shell rock and to some extent it is possible to restore the basic properties of LDIR in certain optimal quantities.