scholarly journals Sensitivitas Metode Pemeriksaan Mikroskopis Fluorokrom dan Ziehl-Neelsen untuk Deteksi Mycobacterium tuberculosis pada Sputum

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 56
Author(s):  
BETTY SURYAWATI ◽  
LELI SAPTAWATI ◽  
ASTARI FEBYANE PUTRI ◽  
JATU APHRIDASARI
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Smear Microscopy ◽  
Microbiology Laboratory ◽  
Fluorochrome Staining ◽  
Primary Screening ◽  
Lowenstein Jensen ◽  
Tuberculosis Diagnosis

<p class="AbstractNormal"><em>Background: Detection of fast acid bacteria (FAB) using smear microscopy is used as a primary screening for tuberculosis diagnosis. Previous studies have shown that fluorochrome </em>(<em>Auroamine-rhodamine</em>) <em>staining showed better sensitivity compared to Ziehl-Neelsen (ZN) method in the detection of FAB in sputum. However this method has not been recommended for routine use including in Indonesia. This study aimed to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of fluorochrome compared to ZN to detect FAB in patient’s sputum.</em><em></em></p><p class="AbstractNormal"><em>Methods: </em><em>This study analyzed 60 sputum samples from patients with tuberculosis and suspected pulmonary tuberculosis. Samples were obtained consecutively from microbiology laboratory</em><em> Moewardi Hospital, Indonesia. Each sample was examined using ZN and fluorochrome staining and cultured in Lowenstein-Jensen (LJ) medium.</em><em> Data were analyzed using sensitivity and spesificity tests.</em></p><p class="AbstractNormal"><em>Results: ZN staining detected FAB in 12 samples (10%), while fluorochrome detected FAB in 17 samples (28%). The sensitivity and specificity of ZN staining were 70% and 90% while these for fluorochrome were 90% and 84%. </em><em></em></p><p class="AbstractNormal"><em>Conclusions: The sensitivity of fluorochrome staining is better compared to ZN staining. This method can be recommended for early detection of tuberculosis.</em><em></em></p><p class="AbstractNormal"><em> </em></p>

scholarly journals NILAI DIAGNOSTIK ANTIGEN TB DENGAN RAPID TEST DEVICE (TB AG) UNTUK TUBERKULOSIS PARU

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 161
Author(s):  
Sri Kartika Sari ◽  
Aryati Aryati
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Rapid Test ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Sputum Smear ◽  
Smear Microscopy ◽  
Test Device ◽  
Tuberculosis Patients ◽  
Suspected Tuberculosis ◽  
Lowenstein Jensen

In Indonesia, the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis relies primarily on an identification of acid-fast bacilli on sputum smears. However, microscopic device has several limitations. The sensitivity of microscopic examination is variable. The quality of smear microscopic results is heavily depend on the workload, and the skill of the technician’s reading the slide. TB antigen rapid test device (TB Ag) is fast, easy and does not either need skillness of the operator. The kit detects specific secreted antigen M.tuberculosis coded by: RD (Region of Difference) 1, RD2 and RD3. These RD1−3 were found deleted from BCG (Bacille Calmette-Guerine) vaccine strain. In the present study, the diagnostic value of TB Ag was assessed. Sputum samples were examined from 59 suspected tuberculosis patients and 22 non tuberculosis patients. The samples of the suspected tuberculosis patients were collected as three consecutive sputum specimens (spot, morning, spot). The total 199 specimens were examined by sputum smear microscopy and TB Ag. M.tuberculosis culture by using Lowenstein Jensen media, which was used as a gold standard. The sensitivity and specificity of microscopic sputum smear were 83.8% (95% CI: 70.0–89.4) and 96.3% (95% CI: 89.8–98.7), respectively. While, the sensitivity and specificity of TB Ag were 72.6% (95% CI: 63.9–79.9) and 90.9% (95% CI: 72.2–97.5), respectively. The concordance between microscopic sputum smear and TB Ag was 70.8%. TB Ag can be considered as a new diagnostic tool for the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis, especially at the health services where there is no expert technician available for microscopic sputum smear examination.

Determination some Immunological Aspects in Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients in Qadisiyah Province

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Syoof Khowman Alramahy ◽  
Akram Hadi Hamza
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Statistical Difference ◽  
Positive Culture ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tuberculosis Patients ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Lowenstein Jensen ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Igg Level

This study was carried out to study of some immunological aspects among the pulmonary Tuberculosis patients infected with causative agent, Mycobacterium tuberculosis. A Total of 200 sputum samples were collected from patients attending the consultant Clinic for Chest and Respiratory disease center, Diwaniya. Control group (No=15) also included. According to acid fast stain of sputum, the patients were classified as positive (No=91,45.5%) and negative (No=109,54.5, Lowenstein Jensen medium used for the cultivation of samples, on which 70% of sputum samples where positive culture for this microorganism. The grown microorganism were identified as M. tuberculosis, based on positive A.F.B, Niacin producers ,negative for catlase at 68c. The mean IgG level was l184.053±76.684 mg/100 ml in tuberculosis group compared with 1016.533 ± 44.882 mg/100ml in control group, rendering the statistical difference significant. For IgA and IgM levels, they were at mean of 315.880±38.552 mg/100 ml and 119.527±8.464 mg/100 ml in control group compared with 396.358±38.776 mg/100 ml and 134.207±11.696 mg/100 ml in patients group respectively with significant difference

scholarly journals Characterization of Drug-Resistant Lipid-Dependent Differentially Detectable Mycobacterium tuberculosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (15) ◽  
pp. 3249
Author(s):  
Annelies W. Mesman ◽  
Seung-Hun Baek ◽  
Chuan-Chin Huang ◽  
Young-Mi Kim ◽  
Sang-Nae Cho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Sputum Smear ◽  
Smear Microscopy ◽  
Solid Culture ◽  
Lowenstein Jensen ◽  
Genetic Mechanisms ◽  
Lipid Resuscitation

An estimated 15–20% of patients who are treated for pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) are culture-negative at the time of diagnosis. Recent work has focused on the existence of differentially detectable Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) bacilli that do not grow under routine solid culture conditions without the addition of supplementary stimuli. We identified a cohort of TB patients in Lima, Peru, in whom acid-fast bacilli could be detected by sputum smear microscopy, but from whom Mtb could not be grown in standard solid culture media. When we attempted to re-grow Mtb from the frozen sputum samples of these patients, we found that 10 out of 15 could be grown in a glycerol-poor/lipid-rich medium. These fell into the following two groups: a subset that could be regrown in glycerol after “lipid-resuscitation”, and a group that displayed a heritable glycerol-sensitive phenotype that were unable to grow in the presence of this carbon source. Notably, all of the glycerol-sensitive strains were found to be multidrug resistant. Although whole-genome sequencing of the lipid-resuscitated strains identified 20 unique mutations compared to closely related strains, no single genetic lesion could be associated with this phenotype. In summary, we found that lipid-based media effectively fostered the growth of Mtb from a series of sputum smear-positive samples that were not culturable in glycerol-based Lowenstein–Jensen or 7H9 media, which is consistent with Mtb’s known preference for non-glycolytic sources during infection. Analysis of the recovered strains demonstrated that both genetic and non-genetic mechanisms contribute to the observed differential capturability, and suggested that this phenotype may be associated with drug resistance.

Specific and early detection of IgG, IgA and IgM antibodies to Mycobacterium tuberculosis 38kDa antigen in pulmonary tuberculosis

Tuberculosis ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 81 (3) ◽  
pp. 249-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.R. Uma Devi ◽  
B. Ramalingam ◽  
P.J. Brennan ◽  
P.R. Narayanan ◽  
A. Raja
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Igm Antibodies

scholarly journals Evaluation of Gene Xpert Mtb/Rif Assay for the Detection of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis in Sputum of Patients Suspected of Pulmonary Tuberculosis Visiting National Tuberculosis Centre, Thimi, Bhaktapur, Nepal

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-22
Author(s):  
Ashok Thapa ◽  
P Gurung ◽  
G R Ghimire
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Sputum Sample ◽  
Culture Method ◽  
Smear Microscopy ◽  
National Tuberculosis ◽  
Standard Culture ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity ◽  
And Control

Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the most deadly and common major infectious diseases in developing countries. Rapid and accurate diagnosis of tuberculosis is indispensable to adequately manage the disease and control its transmission. The objective of this study was to evaluate Gene Xpert MTB/RIF Assay for detection of M. tuberculosis in sputum of patients suspected of pulmonary tuberculosis and its comparison with traditional conventional methods.Methodology: A total of 138 patients sputum samples were collected and processed. Gene Xpert MTB/ RIF Assay, culture method and smear microscopy were performed under standard guideline inside biosafety cabinet class II. Data were reported, structured and analyzed using SPSS version 16.00. Study was carried out from June to November 2014.Results: Assay detected M. tuberculosis in 37 (26.81%) samples out of total 138. Of these 37, 10 and 3 were resistance and indeterminate to rifampicin respectively. Culture, Ziehl-Neelsen staining and Auramine staining were positive in 43 (31.16%), 18 (13.04%) and 24 (17.39%) samples respectively. Sensitivity, specificity, Positive predictive value and Negative predictive value of Assay were 76.74%, 95.79%, 89.19% and 90.09% respectively with reference to gold standard culture method.Conclusions: Assay was found rapid in direct detec tion of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in sputum sample and was also found more sensitive than both Ziehl-Neelsen staining and Auramine staining and especially showed good promise in diagnosis of smear negative specimens.SAARC J TUBER LUNG DIS HIV/AIDS, 2016; XIII(1), page: 16-22

scholarly journals Metode mikrokoloni (slide culture) sebagai metode diagnostic alternative yang lebih cepat untuk diagnosis tuberculosis paru

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eko Budi Koendhori ◽  
Setio Harsono
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Tuberculosis Patients ◽  
Slide Culture ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Lowenstein Jensen ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Microscope Slides ◽  
Method Analysis

Despite wide distribution of pulmonary tuberculosis in Indonesia, its diagnosis is still an important issue to be dealt with. Fourty seven sputums from pulmonary tuberculosis patients in Surabaya were examined to detect Mycobacterium tuberculosis using three methods, i.e. the acidfast stain Ziehl Neelsen, microcolony (slide culture) and Lowenstein Jensen. Sputums were collected spontaneously from the patients. All of them were decontaminated and centrifuged. After the supernatant fluids were carefully decanted, the sediments were resuspended in 1 ml of 10 mMphosphate buffer (pH 7.4) and the suspensions were then inoculated on to two 76 x 13 mm glass microscope slides. One of them was stained by Ziehl Neelsen method and the other was inoculated into microcolony media for seven days and the waste suspension was inoculated into LowensteinJensen media. The results of the microcolony method analysis were compared with the Ziehl Neelsen staining. Employing McNemar test, a significant difference was observed between the microcolony method and the Ziehl Neelsen staining (?² = 5,88). The sensitivity and spesificity ofmicrocolony were 100% and 89% while the Ziehl Neelsen were 60% and 84% respectively. In conclusions microcolony method was better compared with the Ziehl Neelsen staining in the detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Microcolony method was able to reduce time required todetect Mycobacterium tuberculosis in patient suspected with pulmonary tuberculosis.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the GenoType Mycobacteria Direct assay for direct detection of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex obtained from sputum samples

2010 ◽  
Vol 59 (8) ◽  
pp. 930-934 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nuri Kiraz ◽  
Imran Saglik ◽  
Abdurrahman Kiremitci ◽  
Nilgun Kasifoglu ◽  
Yurdanur Akgun
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Direct Detection ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
23S Rrna ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Culture Methods ◽  
Carbol Fuchsin ◽  
Lowenstein Jensen ◽  
The Difference

An increase in the prevalence of tuberculosis (TB) in recent years has accelerated the search for novel tools for the rapid diagnosis of TB infection. This study evaluated the GenoType Mycobacteria Direct (GTMD) assay (Hain Lifescience) for direct detection of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) from sputum samples and compared it with conventional methods. The GTMD test is a commercial assay produced using strip techniques and works based on a nucleic acid sequence-based amplification technique. This test allows 23S rRNA amplification-based detection of MTBC, Mycobacterium avium, Mycobacterium intracellulare, Mycobacterium kansasii and Mycobacterium malmoense directly from decontaminated clinical samples within 6 h. In the present study, 115 sputum samples were processed to detect acid-fast bacilli (AFB) using two microscopy methods (carbol fuchsin and fluorescent staining), two culture methods [Löwenstein–Jensen (LJ) and BACTEC 12B media] and the GTMD test. The results showed that 86 of the samples were positive by direct microscopy, 84 were positive by BACTEC 12B culture, 73 were positive by LJ culture and 95 were positive by the GTMD test. All of the isolates turned out to be MTBC. Moreover, the sensitivity and specificity of the GTMD test for MTBC in patients were 97 and 58 %, respectively, taking the culture combination as the gold standard. When the test was compared with culture of samples from anti-TB-treated patients, the sensitivity and specificity for the test were 100 and 15 %, respectively. Low specificity in treated people might arise from depressed proliferation of AFB. As the two methods target the same living bacilli, the difference is obviously notable. When the culture results and clinical findings of the patients were evaluated together (true-positive specimens), the sensitivity and specificity values of the GTMD test for all patients were 97 and 90 %, respectively. However, both of these values increased to 100 % for the patients receiving anti-TB treatment. These results implied that, to determine whether the patient's sputum contains living AFB, more sensitive techniques should be employed during the follow-up of the patients. These observations suggest that the GTMD method can be useful for early diagnosis of clinically and radiologically suspicious TB cases where smears are negative for Mycobacterium. In addition, the use of a GTMD test in smear-positive cases is helpful and practical in order to identify MTBC quickly. This allows more rapid treatment decisions and infection control precautions.

scholarly journals A study on mutation in genes associated with rifampicin and isoniazid resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex using line probe assay

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. 3997
Author(s):  
Rohit Kumar ◽  
Shivendra Kumar Shahi ◽  
Rakesh Kumar ◽  
Balkrishna Mishra ◽  
Shailesh Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Complex ◽  
Smear Microscopy ◽  
Common Mutation ◽  
Line Probe Assay ◽  
Tuberculosis Complex ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern ◽  
Probe Assay

Background: The term tuberculosis describe a clinical illness, which is predominantly caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis and less common by other species. Infection is transmitted by infected droplets through respiratory route. Early diagnosis and appropriate management is the only way to control the spread of infection. The available diagnostic tools include, smear microscopy, culture and molecular methods. Culture is the gold standard, but it takes around 2-8 weeks to get the result and smear microscopy having less sensitivity. Molecular technique especially Line probe assay can be better option because of high sensitivity and specificity, and directly clinical sample can be used, and result will be made available within same day with sensitivity pattern. Present study was designed to use of LPA for early diagnosis.Methods: Laboratory based observational study conducted in department of microbiology, IGIMS Patna and TBDC, Patna. Sputum specimens were collected from clinically suspected cases of pulmonary tuberculosis, and subjected to smear microscopy, culture and LPA.Results: During the study period, 2841 patients were diagnosed as pulmonary tuberculosis. Strain of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex in, 12% (347) patients were rifampicin and isoniazid resistant, 4% (117) and 3% (86) patients were rifampicin and isoniazid mono-resistant respectively. We found that rpoB MUT3 was the most common mutation in gene associated with rifampicin resistant and katG MUT1gene associated with isoniazid resistant.Conclusions: Present study support the use of LPA for early diagnosis of smear positive as well as smear negative pulmonary tuberculosis cases. Resulting early diagnosis and appropriate management of patients.

scholarly journals Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Thymidylate Kinase is A Potential 2 Diagnostic Biomarker for Pulmonary Tuberculosis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janet Peace Babirye ◽  
Charles Drago Kato ◽  
Fredrick Lutwama ◽  
Carol Musubika ◽  
Rose Nabatanzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Smear Microscopy ◽  
Diagnostic Biomarker ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Thymidylate Kinase ◽  
Active Pulmonary Tuberculosis

Abstract Diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) in context of HIV infection remains challenging due 25 to the paucibacillary nature of the disease. Mycobacterium tuberculosis thymidylate kinase 26 (TMKmt) has been validated as a novel biomarker with high detection limits for PTB in sputum. 27 We aimed to clinically test TMKmt as a diagnostic biomarker for pulmonary tuberculosis among 28 HIV positive individuals at Makerere University Joint AIDS Program Immuno Suppression 29 Syndrome clinic. 30 Methods 31 A total of 120 participants with presumptive PTB were enrolled in a cross- sectional study 32 between January and September 2018. Venous blood and expectorated spot sputum was obtained 33 from 116 consenting participants. Tuberculosis culture was performed on sputum as the gold 34 standard to confirm PTB status while direct ELISAs were performed on sputum and serum to 35 determine the level of TMKmt antigen. Sensitivity, specificity and receiver operator 36 characteristic curves were used to assess the precision of TMKmt in diagnosing PTB. 37 Results 38 Of the 116 participants, only 22 (19%) were PTB positive based on either Lowenstein Jensen or 39 Mycobacterial growth inhibition tube `culture. The mean sputum TMKmt levels were 40 significantly higher in PTB positive individuals (4.889 ± 0.135) ng/ml as compared to PTB 41 negative individuals (4.303 ± 0.07295) ng/ml (t-test, P<0.0005). At a cut off value of > 4.683 42 ng/ml, the test had a sensitivity of 73% (95% CI, 49.78% - 89.27%) and a specificity of 72% 43 (95% CI, 62.15% - 81.07%). These results were supported by a receiver operator analysis which 44 showed an area under the curve of 0.75 (95% CI, 0.63 – O.86). 3 45 Conclusion 46 Sputum TMKmt is a potential diagnostic biomarker for active pulmonary tuberculosis. This 47 forms an alternate test that would replace smear microscopy and overcome the current TB 48 diagnostic challenges.

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