scholarly journals Pola Kekerasan Senjata Api di Sulawesi Utara Periode 2012-2017

e-CliniC ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fauziyyah N.S.E Djaafara ◽  
James F. Siwu ◽  
Erwin G. Kristanto
Keyword(s):  
Medical Records ◽  
Gunshot Wound ◽  
Gunshot Wounds ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Criminal Investigation ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Firearm Violence ◽  
North Sulawesi ◽  
Death Cases

Abstract: Injuries and deaths resulted from firearm violence are global public health issues. In Indonesia, many firearm violence cases are reported in areas with frequent conflicts. In North Sulawesi, especially in Manado City, reports of firearm violence have not been well documented. This study was aimed to determine the firearm violence pattern in North Sulawesi in the period of 2012-2017. This was andescriptive retrospective study. Data of gunshot wounds in North Sulawesi in the period of January 2012-July 2017 were obtained from visum et repertum of gunshot wound in death cases at the Department of Forensic and Medicolegal Prof. R. D. Kandou Hospital, medical records of patients in the Department of Surgery Prof. R. D. Kandou Hospital, and the Criminal Investigation Department of North Sulawesi Regional Police. There were 14 cases of gunshot wounds. All of the cases were males and dominated by productive age group. The highest number of gunshot cases occurred in Manado. From the visum et repertum and examinations, it was found that all cases had an entrance gunshot wound. Conclusion: In North Sulawesi, gunshot cases were found in males, most were in productive age, and had entrance gunshot wound.Keywords: firearms, gunshot wounds, North Sulawesi Abstrak: Cedera dan kematian akibat kekerasan senjata api menjadi salah satu masalah kesehatan masyarakat secara global. Di Indonesia, kasus kekerasan senjata api banyak dilaporkan di daerah yang sering mengalami konflik. Di Provinsi Sulawesi Utara, khususnya Kota Manado laporan mengenai angka kejadian kekerasan senjata api belum tercatat dengan baik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran pola kekerasan senjata api di Sulawesi Utara pada periode 2012-2017. Jenis penelitian ialah deskriptif retrospektif. Dari hasil pengumpulan data kasus luka tembak di Sulawesi Utara kurun waktu tersebut melalui penelusuran hasil visum et repertum pada kematian akibat luka tembak di Bagian Kedokteran Forensik dan Medikolegal RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D Kandou, rekam medik pasien di Bagian Ilmu Bedah RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou, dan Bagian Reserse Kriminal Umum (Bareskrimum) Kepolisian Daerah Sulawesi Utara tercatat 14 kasus luka tembak yang terjadi di Sulawesi Utara. Secara keseluruhan kasus luka tembak terjadi pada laki-laki dan didominasi oleh kelompok usia produktif. Kasus penembakan terbanyak terjadi di Kota Manado. Dari hasil pemeriksaan dan visum et repertum, didapatkan hasil bahwa seluruh kasus merupakan gambaran luka tembak masuk. Simpulan: Di Sulawesi Utara, kasus luka tembak ditemukan pada jenis kelamin laki-laki, umumnya usia produktif, dengan luka tembak masuk.Kata kunci: senjata api, luka tembak, Sulawesi Utara

scholarly journals Decompressive craniotomy: an international survey of practice

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Midhun Mohan ◽  
◽  
Hugo Layard Horsfall ◽  
Davi Jorge Fontoura Solla ◽  
Faith C. Robertson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Randomized Trial ◽  
Bone Flap ◽  
Acute Subdural Hematoma ◽  
International Survey ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Decompressive Craniotomy

Abstract Background Traumatic brain injury (TBI) and stroke have devastating consequences and are major global public health issues. For patients that require a cerebral decompression after suffering a TBI or stroke, a decompressive craniectomy (DC) is the most commonly performed operation. However, retrospective non-randomized studies suggest that a decompressive craniotomy (DCO; also known as hinge or floating craniotomy), where a bone flap is replaced but not rigidly fixed, has comparable outcomes to DC. The primary aim of this project was to understand the current extent of usage of DC and DCO for TBI and stroke worldwide. Method A questionnaire was designed and disseminated globally via emailing lists and social media to practicing neurosurgeons between June and November 2019. Results We received 208 responses from 60 countries [40 low- and middle-income countries (LMICs)]. DC is used more frequently than DCO, however, about one-quarter of respondents are using a DCO in more than 25% of their patients. The three top indications for a DCO were an acute subdural hematoma (ASDH) and a GCS of 9-12, ASDH with contusions and a GCS of 3-8, and ASDH with contusions and a GCS of 9-12. There were 8 DCO techniques used with the majority (60/125) loosely tying sutures to the bone flap. The majority (82%) stated that they were interested in collaborating on a randomized trial of DCO vs. DC. Conclusion Our results show that DCO is a procedure carried out for TBI and stroke, especially in LMICs, and most commonly for an ASDH. The majority of the respondents were interested in collaborating on a is a future randomized trial.

Features of the development of traumatic pancreatitis with gunshot wounds to the abdomen

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-108
Author(s):  
Nikita I. Myasnikov ◽  
Vyacheslav V. Panov ◽  
Mariyama R. Ba ◽  
Igor Y. Kim ◽  
Kazibek B. Chakalsky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Probability ◽  
Gunshot Wound ◽  
Gunshot Wounds ◽  
Pancreatic Injury ◽  
Lateral Impact ◽  
Timely Manner ◽  
Military Conflict ◽  
Diagnostic Potential ◽  
Traumatic Pancreatitis ◽  
Diagnostic Capabilities

The features of the development of traumatic pancreatitis in gunshot wounds of the abdomen, which present difficulties in timely diagnosis, are considered, hypotheses are formulated for studying the problem. Two clinical cases of developing traumatic pancreatitis against the background of a gunshot wound to the abdomen with indirect damage to the pancreas are presented. Without taking into account the peculiarities of the formation of the wound canal relative to the organs of the abdomen, in conditions of limited diagnostic potential, there is a high probability of late diagnosis of traumatic pancreatitis, especially in indirect damage. Injuries to the organs of the upper half of the abdomen can be risk factors for indirect damage to the pancreas due to the effect of lateral impact energy and the formation of a temporary pulsating cavity. In general, the management of such wounded in a surgical hospital with limited diagnostic capabilities or with stage treatment in a local military conflict requires the surgeon to know the peculiarities of the course of traumatic pancreatitis, which make it possible to prevent the development of complications in a timely manner. The development of traumatic pancreatitis in penetrating gunshot wounds to the abdomen is not always a consequence of direct pancreatic injury. This circumstance must always be taken into account during a diagnostic laparotomy.

scholarly journals Profil pasien preeklamsia berat dan eklamsia di ICU dan HCU RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado

e-CliniC ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vania Nita Patty ◽  
Diana Ch. Lalenoh ◽  
Debby D. Wuisan
Keyword(s):  
Medical Records ◽  
Hellp Syndrome ◽  
Seizure Activity ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Severe Preeclampsia ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Median Length ◽  
Hypertension In Pregnancy ◽  
Grand Mal ◽  
New Onset

Abstract: Preeclampsia was defined as hypertension in pregnancy that occurs after 20th weeks of pregnancy meanwhile eclampsia is the new onset of a grand mal seizure activity and is one of the complications of preeclampsia. Preeclampsia and eclampsia are still the major causes of high maternal and infant mortality in Indonesia (1.5% -25%). Severe preeclampsia becomes an indication of obstetric patients to be admitted to ICU. This study was aimed to obtain the profile of patients with severe preeclampsia and eclampsia admitted to the ICU and HCU Prof. Dr. R.D. Kandou Hospital. This was a descriptive retrospective study. Data were obtained from the medical records of patients admitted to the ICU and HCU from September 2014 to August 2016. There were 33 patients that met the inclusion criteria consisted of 11 patients (33%) with severe preeclampsia and 22 patients (67%) with eclampsia. Most patients were aged ≤ 25 years and the median length of stay in this study was 2 days. HELLP syndrome was found in 9 patients (27.3%) and DIC in 1 (3%) patient. There were five patients with ventilator and three patients died due to eclampsia. Conclusion: Most patients in this study were patients with eclampsia and the mortality rate was 9.1%.Keywords: severe preeclampsia, eclampsia, ICU, HCU Abstrak: Preeklamsia didefinisikan sebagai hipertensi dalam kehamilan yang terjadi setelah minggu ke- 20 kehamilan, sedangkan eklamsia adalah onset baru aktifitas kejang grand mal dan merupakan salah satu komplikasi dari preeklamsia. Preeklamsia dan eklamsia masih menjadi penyebab utama tingginya angka kematian ibu dan bayi di Indonesia (1,5%-25%). Preeklamsia berat menjadi indikasi pasien obstetri masuk ke ICU. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran pasien preeklamsia berat dan eklamsia yang dirawat di ICU dan HCU RSUP Prof. Dr. R.D. Kandou. Jenis penelitian ialah deskriptif retrospektif. Data diperoleh melalui data rekam medik pasien yang dirawat di ICU dan HCU periode September 2014 - Agustus 2016 dan didapatkan sebanyak 33 pasien yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Total pasien preeklamsia berat ialah 11 orang (33%) dan eklamsia sebanyak 22 orang (67%). Usia ≤25 tahun ialah usia terbanyak dan median lama rawat dalam penelitian ini ialah 2 hari. Kejadian HELLP syndrome pada kasus ini sebanyak 9 orang (27,3%) dan DIC sebanyak 1 orang (3%). Pasien dengan ventilator sebanyak 5 orang dan pasien yang meninggal akibat eklamsia sebanyak 3 orang. Simpulan: Dalam penelitian ini pasien terbanyak ialah pasien eklamsia dengan angka kematian 9,1%. Kata kunci: preeklamsia berat, eklamsia, ICU, HCU

scholarly journals Phytochemicals: A Promising Weapon in the Arsenal against Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1044
Author(s):  
Bahman Khameneh ◽  
N. A. Michael Eskin ◽  
Milad Iranshahy ◽  
Bibi Sedigheh Fazly Bazzaz
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Clinical Aspects ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Safe Strategy ◽  
Wide Range

The extensive usage of antibiotics and the rapid emergence of antimicrobial-resistant microbes (AMR) are becoming important global public health issues. Many solutions to these problems have been proposed, including developing alternative compounds with antimicrobial activities, managing existing antimicrobials, and rapidly detecting AMR pathogens. Among all of them, employing alternative compounds such as phytochemicals alone or in combination with other antibacterial agents appears to be both an effective and safe strategy for battling against these pathogens. The present review summarizes the scientific evidence on the biochemical, pharmacological, and clinical aspects of phytochemicals used to treat microbial pathogenesis. A wide range of commercial products are currently available on the market. Their well-documented clinical efficacy suggests that phytomedicines are valuable sources of new types of antimicrobial agents for future use. Innovative approaches and methodologies for identifying plant-derived products effective against AMR are also proposed in this review.

The right to health supports global public health

2021 ◽  
pp. 273-290
Author(s):  
Carmel Williams ◽  
Alison Blaiklock ◽  
Paul Hunt
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Climate Change ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
Public Health Practice ◽  
Right To Health ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Supportive Relationship ◽  
The Right ◽  
Overseas Development

In this chapter, we explain how human rights, including the right to health, are important for global public health. We introduce key human rights concepts and principles, and illustrate three approaches to the right to health: judicial, policy, and empowerment. We propose that human rights and public health are natural allies with a complementary and supportive relationship. We describe the meaning of the right to the highest attainable standard of health and its place in international, regional, and national laws. We outline ten key elements of the right to health and how the right can be operationalized in public health practice. We demonstrate this with two case studies of critically important global public health issues—climate change and children’s health, and overseas development assistance—as well as one of an emerging challenge in health, the digitization of health through Big Data.

scholarly journals Dendrimers and Dendritic Materials: From Laboratory to Medical Practice in Infectious Diseases

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 874 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel Ángel Ortega ◽  
Alberto Guzmán Merino ◽  
Oscar Fraile-Martínez ◽  
Judith Recio-Ruiz ◽  
Leonel Pekarek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Polymeric Nanoparticles ◽  
Gene Transfection ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Antimicrobial Drugs ◽  
Innovative Tool ◽  
Traditional Approaches ◽  
Treatment And Diagnosis

Infectious diseases are one of the main global public health risks, predominantly caused by viruses, bacteria, fungi, and parasites. The control of infections is founded on three main pillars: prevention, treatment, and diagnosis. However, the appearance of microbial resistance has challenged traditional strategies and demands new approaches. Dendrimers are a type of polymeric nanoparticles whose nanometric size, multivalency, biocompatibility, and structural perfection offer boundless possibilities in multiple biomedical applications. This review provides the reader a general overview about the uses of dendrimers and dendritic materials in the treatment, prevention, and diagnosis of highly prevalent infectious diseases, and their advantages compared to traditional approaches. Examples of dendrimers as antimicrobial agents per se, as nanocarriers of antimicrobial drugs, as well as their uses in gene transfection, in vaccines or as contrast agents in imaging assays are presented. Despite the need to address some challenges in order to be used in the clinic, dendritic materials appear as an innovative tool with a brilliant future ahead in the clinical management of infectious diseases and many other health issues.

scholarly journals Factors affecting temporary cavity generation during gunshot wound formation in animals – new aspects in the light of flow mechanics: a review

2012 ◽  
Vol 57 (No. 11) ◽  
pp. 569-574 ◽  
Author(s):  
MZ Felsmann ◽  
J. Szarek ◽  
M. Felsmann ◽  
I. Babinska
Keyword(s):  
Gunshot Wound ◽  
Gunshot Wounds ◽  
Surface Shape ◽  
Primary Factor ◽  
Cavity Size ◽  
Frontal Surface ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Temporary Cavity ◽  
Bullet Velocity

There is controversy regarding the causes of temporary cavity generation during gunshot wound formation. Analysis of gunshot wounds in hunted animals suggests that a bullet’s frontal surface shape is the primary factor in forming a temporary pulsating cavity, and that cavity size is not directly affected by bullet velocity.

scholarly journals Fishing Season of Large Tuna from Purse Seine Fishery in Tumumpa, Manado, North Sulawesi

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 171
Author(s):  
Bram Setyadji ◽  
Umi Chodriyah
Keyword(s):  
Ecological Niche ◽  
Operation Time ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Purse Seine ◽  
Fishing Ground ◽  
Skipjack Tuna ◽  
Fishing Season ◽  
Pelagic Fishes ◽  
North Sulawesi ◽  
Purse Seine Fishery

Knowledge on seasonal fishing pattern is essential in fisheries research in order to increase the effectiveness of fishing and at the same time protecting the fishing ground from excessive fishing practices. Determining the seasonal fishing pattern of large pelagic fishes, namely large tuna (yellowfin and bigeye), small tuna (mackerel) and skipjack tuna were the objective of this study. Data from the 2013-2015 fishing operation time series were used to analyze the fishing season using the percentage average per unit effort (CPUE) method. The main focus of this study was purse seine fishery. The research showed that high fishing season of large pelagic fishes allegedly occurred during May to July, which reached its peak on May. On the other hand, low fishing season occurred during January to April, with the lowest on March. There were similarities between large tuna, small tuna and skipjack in term of their seasonal fishing pattern, although they did not show any good correlation (r<0.5). This might due to fact that even tough large tuna, small tuna and skipjack tuna shared the same ecological niche but apparently, they did not show any interaction (symbiosis) but competition.

scholarly journals Prototype of a computerized scale for the active search for potential organ donors

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Érika Fernanda dos Santos Bezerra Ludwig ◽  
Marta Cristiane Alves Pereira ◽  
Yolanda Dora Évora Martinez ◽  
Karina Dal Sasso Mendes ◽  
Mariana Angela Rossaneis
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Organ Donors ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Arrest ◽  
Active Search ◽  
Death Cases ◽  
Severity Indexes

ABSTRACT Objective: to develop a prototype of a computerized scale for the active search for potential organ and tissue donors. Method: methodological study, with the analysis of 377 electronic medical records of patients who died due to encephalic death or cardiorespiratory arrest in the intensive care units of a tertiary hospital. Among the deaths due to cardiorespiratory arrest, the study aimed to identify factors indicating underreported encephalic death cases. The Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II and Sepsis Related Organ Failure Assessment severity indexes were applied in the protocols. Based on this, a scale was built and sent to five experts for assessment of the scale content, and subsequently, it was computerized by using a prototyping model. Results: 34 underreported encephalic death cases were identified in the medical records of patients with cardiorespiratory arrest. Statistically significant differences were found in the Wilcoxon test between the scores of hospital admissions in the intensive care unit and the opening of the encephalic death protocol for both severity indexes. Conclusion: the prototype was effective for identifying potential organ donors, as well as for the identification of the degree of organ dysfunction in patients with encephalic death.

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