scholarly journals Isolasi dan Identifikasi Saponin dari Ekstrak Leunca (Solanium ningrum L) Secara Spektrofotometri Infra Merah

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 166
Author(s):  
Aden Dhana Rizkita ◽  
Sintia Ayu Dewi ◽  
Emas Agus Prastyo Wibowo ◽  
Iham Maulana
Keyword(s):  
Functional Group ◽  
Wave Number ◽  
Color Test ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Bending Vibration ◽  
Dry Extract ◽  
Test Parameters ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
Infrared Spectrophotometer ◽  
Test Color

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengisolasi dan mengidentifikasi senyawa saponin dengan maserasi menggunakan etanol 95% sampai mendapat ekstrak kering sebanyak 20 gram dengan dipanaskan menggunakan evaporator. Ekstraksi kedua dilakukan menggunakan corong pisah dengan pelarut dietil eter dan n-butanol. Identifikasi saponin dilakukan dengan tiga parameter uji diantaranya uji busa, uji warna dan gugus fungsi menggunakan Spektrofotometer Infra Merah. Hasil pengukuran Spektrofotometri Infra Merah menunjukkan Ekstrak Daun Launca mengandung beberapa gugus fungsi sebagai berikut : gugus –OH (puncak yang lebar pada bilangan gelombang 3444,87 cm-1), regang –CH alifatik simetri (bilangan gelombang 2926,01 cm-1 dan2854,65 cm-1, regang C=C tidak terkonjugasi pada bilangan gelombang 1606,7 cm-1, adanya regang C-H (bilangan gelombang 1074,35 cm-1 dan 1045,42 cm-1), dan adanya vibrasi bengkokan simetris C-O pada bilangan gelombang 1386,82 cm-1.Kata kunci: Daun leunca; spektrofotometer infra merah; saponin Isolation and Identification of Saponin from Leunca (Solanium ningrum L) Extract by Infrared SpectrophotometryABSTRACTThis research was conducted to isolate and identify saponin compounds by maceration using 95% ethanol to obtain 20 grams of dry extract by heating using an evaporator. The second extraction was carried out using a separating funnel with diethyl ether and n-butanol as solvents. Saponin identification was carried out with three test parameters including foam test, color test and functional group using Infrared Spectrophotometer. Infrared Spectrophotometry measurement results show that the Launca Leaf Extract contains the following functional groups: -OH group (wide peak at wave number 3444.87 cm-1), aliphatic symmetrical -CH stretch (wave number 2926.01 cm-1 and 2854 ,65 cm-1, unconjugated C=C stretch at wave number 1606.7 cm-1, presence of CH stretch (wave number 1074.35 cm-1 and 1045.42 cm-1), and the presence of symmetrical bending vibration of CO at wave number 1386.82 cm-1.Keywords: Infrared spectrophotometer;  leunca leaf; saponin

scholarly journals Alkaloid compound from Tombili (Caesalpinia bonduc) as biopesticide agent on rice plants

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 156-163
Author(s):  
Weny J.A Musa ◽  
◽  
Suleman Duengo ◽  
Ahmad Kadir Kilo ◽  
Boima Situmeang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Group ◽  
Seed Extract ◽  
Effective Concentration ◽  
Wave Number ◽  
Electronic Transitions ◽  
Biological Test ◽  
Rice Plants ◽  
Wave Numbers ◽  
Infrared Spectrophotometer ◽  
Very High

The purpose of these study is to determine the effect of active compound from tombili seed extract as a vegetable pesticide in the prevention of soil pest in rice plants. The method of these researches is isolation to obtain pure isolates, characterization by using infrared spectrophotometer (IR) and UV-VIS spectrophotometer then following biological test. The isolates obtained were tested positive for phytochemical containing alkaloid compounds and characterized as amorphous crystals. Identification of IR spectrophotometer generate a functioning -NH wave group of the wavelengths region of 3423.4 cm-1, bend C-N at wave number 1242.1 cm-1, C-H stretch at wave number 2925.8 and 2854.5 cm-1, bend C-H at 1475 wave numbers 1540 cm-1, carbonyl group (C = O) at the 1720.4 cm-1 wave number which is probably an alkaloid compound. The UV-VIS spectrophotometer results in a maximum absorption at 209.9 nm wavelengths indicated the presence of double bonds between the C = O functional group suspected as a result of the successive electronic transitions to n-π * and n-σ *. The result of biological test showed that methanol extracts of tombili seed can be used as a vegetable pesticide in pest prevention on rice plants, the most effective concentration used in this biological test is at 0.1% concentration, with very high effectiveness in eradicating pest on rice plants.

scholarly journals ANALISIS KONDUKTIVITAS DAN TERMAL PADA POLIMER ELEKTROLIT DARI KITOSAN/PVA/GLISEROL/LiClO4 UNTUK APLIKASI BATERAI ION LITIUM

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurhadini . ◽  
Verry Andre Fabiani ◽  
Megawati Ayu Putri ◽  
Iin Lestari
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Polymer Electrolyte ◽  
Functional Group ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Electrolyte Composition ◽  
Wave Number ◽  
Natural Polymers ◽  
Casting Method ◽  
Absorption Intensity

Penggunaan polimer ramah lingkungan merupakan tantangan bagi industri baterai ion litium saat ini dikarenakan sifatnya yang mudah terbiodegradasi menjadi keunggulan polimer alam seperti kitosan dengan bahan baku dari alam yang melimpah. Komposisi polimer elektrolit dalam penelitian ini terdiri atas kitosan, PVA, gliserol yang didopan dengan LiClO4. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis sifat konduktivitas dan termal dari polimer elektrolit kitosan/PVA/gliserol/LiClO4. Pembuatan polimer elektrolit ini menggunakan metode casting. Peningkatan massa kitosan dalam komposisi polimer elektrolit menyebabkan adanya peningkatan intensitas pada bilangan gelombang 1718 cm-1 dan peningkatan intensitas serapan pada bilngangan gelombang 1271 cm-1 dengan masing-masing puncak serapan tersebut adalah gugus fungsi dari C=O dan gugus fungsi C-O.  Berdasarkan data konduktivitas menunjukkan bahwa komposisi 70/30/20/20 (kitosan /PVA/Gliserol/LiClO4) memiliki konduktivitas tertinggi sebesar 4,8 x 10-5S/cm. Hasil kurva TGA menunjukkan stabilitas termal komposisi polimer elektrolit hingga 210oC dan peningkatan jumlah kitosan dalam polimer elektrolit menurunkan kestabilan termal. Polimer elektrolit dari kitosan/PVA/Gliserol/LiClO4 dapat diaplikasikan untuk baterai ion litium berdasarkan analisis konduktivitas ionik dan kestabilan termal. ABSTRACT The use of environmentally friendly polymers is a challenge for the lithium-ion batteries industry today because its biodegradable nature is an advantage of natural polymers such as chitosan with abundant raw materials from nature. The polymer electrolyte composition in this study consisted of chitosan, PVA, glycerol doped with LiClO4. This study aims to analyze the conductivity and thermal properties of the polymer electrolyte chitosan/PVA/Glycerol/LiClO4. The polymer electrolyte was made using a casting method. The increasing of the chitosan mass in the polymer electrolyte composition led to an increase in intensity at the wave number 1718 cm-1 and an increase in absorption intensity at the wavenumber of 1271 cm-1 with absorption peaks being a functional group of C=O and C-O respectively. Based on the conductivity data, it showed that the composition of 70/30/20/20 (chitosan/PVA/Glycerol/LiClO4) had the highest conductivity of 4.8 x 10-5S/cm. The results of the TGA curve illustrated that polymer electrolyte had thermal stability until 210oC and the increasing amount of chitosan of polymer electrolyte decreased thermal stability. Polymer electrolyte chitosan

FTIR STUDY ON MOLECULAR CONTAMINATION ON SURFACE OF OPTICAL MATERIALS

2006 ◽  
Vol 20 (25n27) ◽  
pp. 3860-3865 ◽  
Author(s):  
MASAHIRO KATOH ◽  
NOBUAKI OKANO ◽  
TOSHIHIDE HORIKAWA ◽  
TAHEI TOMIDA ◽  
NOBUNARI ITOH
Keyword(s):  
Ir Spectra ◽  
Optical Materials ◽  
Functional Group ◽  
The Other ◽  
Absorption Bands ◽  
Bending Vibration ◽  
Absorption Intensity ◽  
Stretching Vibration ◽  
Optical Disks ◽  
Molecular Contaminants

The IR spectra of the molecular contaminants on surface of optical materials were measured. The optical disks used were SiO 2, BK7 ( SiO 2 70%, B 2 O 3 10%, K 2 O 8%, N 2 O 8%), CaF 2, ZnSe and Al 2 O 3. N 2, O 2, H 2 O , and CO 2 were adopted as contamination gases. IR spectra of H 2 O (2.7kPa) on BK7 at 373K showed two absorption bands ( OH stretching vibration: around 4000cm-1-3500cm-1 and OH bending vibration: around 2000cm-1-1500cm-1). The absorption intensity decreased with a decrease in temperature and a new band (around 3250cm-1) appeared at 173K. The new band was attributed to phase transition of H 2 O . These phenomena were also observed on the other three discs, except for SiO 2. IR spectra of SiO 2 showed OH stretching band (3676cm-1). The absorption intensity decreased with a decrease in temperature. But two new bands (3720cm-1 and 3620cm-1) appeared under an atmosphere of N 2 (66.5kPa), O 2 (66.5kPa), H 2 O (2.7kPa) or CO 2 (0.7 or 13.3kPa). A similar phenomenon was also observed for BK7, which has OH group. These results suggested the functional group of SiOH interacted with contamination molecules.

scholarly journals Prismatic correction in the presence of acutely acquired esotropia with diplopia

2021 ◽  
pp. 46-51
Author(s):  
G.V. Gladysheva ◽  
◽  
I.L. Plisov ◽  
N.G. Antsiferova ◽  
V.B. Pushchina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Case Management ◽  
Binocular Vision ◽  
Stereoscopic Vision ◽  
Deviation Angle ◽  
Color Test ◽  
Single Vision ◽  
Binocular Single Vision ◽  
Test Color ◽  
Group 1

Purpose. To analyze changes in binocular vision functions in patients with acutely acquired esotropia after preoperative correction by prisms. Material and methods. The study included 16 patients with acutely acquired esotropia with diplopia. Depending on the tactics of preoperative case management, two groups were distinguished. Eight patients with acutely acquired esotropia of the Bielshowsky type at the age from 12 to 35 years old (mean age, M±sd – 17.5±1.9 years). This group underwent preoperative prismatic correction of diplopia and the deviation angle, as well as eight patients with acutely acquired esotropia of the Bielshowsky type at the age from 12 to 35 years (18.5±1.9 years). Patients in this group underwent surgery without prior prismatic correction. Fresnel prisms were used to select and assign prismatic correction. The patients were monitored dynamically. Results. In the course of treatment 1 group (prismatic correction followed by surgical correction) according to the indicator of Worth's four-dot test color test, revealed a statistically significant increase in the frequency of value of the binocular single vision (p=0.041), the frequency of the presence of stereovision according to the Fly-test (p=0.013), fusion amplitude in the distance by 1.11 times (p=0.033) and near fusion amplitude by 1.15 times (p=0.003). Significant differences between the groups were observed only in the frequency of stereovision presence according to the Fly-test after treatment, which was 2.0 times higher in group 1 (p=0.041). Conclusion. Prismatic correction in combination with surgical treatment had better curative benefits than surgery itself in improving both binocular and stereoscopic visual functions. Key words: acutely acquired esotropia, diplopia, binocular vision, stereoscopic vision, Fresnel prisms

scholarly journals DURIAN SEED UTILIZATION AS A BASE MATERIAL OF TOPICAL GEL

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (13) ◽  
pp. 174
Author(s):  
Nilsya Febrika Zebua ◽  
Effendy De Lux Putra ◽  
Urip Harahap ◽  
Jamaran Kaban
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Base Material ◽  
Wave Number ◽  
Topical Drug Delivery ◽  
Heating Method ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Topical Gel ◽  
Infrared Spectrophotometer ◽  
Seed Gum ◽  
Durian Seed

 Objective: This research is aimed to investigate that durian seed gum is potential as an excipient in topical drug delivery. Durian seed gum is isolated from low-cost source and usually discarded.Methods: A certain amount of durian seed gum was isolated and characterized by scanning electron microscopy energy dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX) and infrared spectrophotometer. The isolation method is divided into centrifuge and heating method, and the results of both methods are compared in their ability to form a gel and their evaluation.Results: The infrared spectra of durian seed gum by centrifugal method indicate the presence of -OH, -COOH, -CH groups, and the addition of C=O and ester groups on the heating method, i.e., at wave number 1726.22 cm−1. SEM-EDX shows the form of hollow surface particles, and the elements contained are C, O, K, Cl, and Mg. Durian seed gum of both methods formed a gel with boiling water at a concentration of 5% giving transparent and non-flowing results.Conclusion: Durian seed gum by the heating method is a low-methoxyl pectin compound because it is extracted at an alkaline pH. Durian seed gum can form a gel and complete the gel evaluation requirements.

Prismatic stage of treatment of patients in acute acquired esotropia with diplopia

2021 ◽  
pp. 124-127
Author(s):  
G.V. Gladysheva ◽  
◽  
I.L. Plisov ◽  
N.G. Antsiferova ◽  
D.R. Mamulat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Case Management ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Binocular Vision ◽  
Deviation Angle ◽  
Color Test ◽  
Visual Functions ◽  
Single Vision ◽  
Binocular Single Vision ◽  
Test Color

Purpose. To analyze changes in binocular vision functions in patients with acutely acquired esotropia after preoperative correction by prisms. Material and methods. The study included 10 patients with acutely acquired esotropia with diplopia. Depending on the tactics of preoperative case management, two groups were distinguished: 1 - 5 patients, this group underwent preoperative prismatic correction of diplopia and the deviation angle, 2 - 5 patients, in this group underwent surgery without prior prismatic correction. Fresnel prisms were used to select and assign prismatic correction. The patients were monitored dynamically. Results. In the course of treatment 1 group according to the indicator of Worth's four-dot test color test, revealed a statistically significant increase in the frequency of value of the binocular single vision (p=0.041), the frequency of the presence of stereovision according to the Fly-test (p=0.013). Conclusion. Prismatic correction in combination with surgical treatment had better curative benefits than surgery itself in improving binocular and stereoscopic visual functions. Key words: acutely acquired esotropia, binocular vision, Fresnel prisms.

scholarly journals The Influence of ZnCl2 Activation on Macronutrient NPK Adsorption Simultaneously Using Coconut Shell Biochar for Soil Fertility Improvement

Molekul ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 75
Author(s):  
Candra Purnawan ◽  
Christina Candra Dewi ◽  
Syafrudin Syafrudin ◽  
Bimastyaji Surya Ramadan ◽  
Mochamad Arief Budihardjo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Functional Group ◽  
Coconut Shell ◽  
Wave Number ◽  
Activated Biochar ◽  
Soil Adsorption ◽  
Zncl2 Activation ◽  
Soil Fertility Improvement ◽  
Coconut Shell Biochar

The influence of ZnCl2 activation on macronutrient Nitrogen, Phosphor, Potassium (NPK) adsorption simultaneously using Coconut Shell Biochar for soil fertility improvement has been conducted. Biochar formation is carried out at temperature up to 500 oC using variation in the concentration of ZnCl2 0,5; 1,0; 1,5; 2,0; dan 2,5 M. The biochar formed was characterized using Fourier Transform InfraRed (FTIR) spectroscopy and Surface Area Analyzer (SAA). Whereas NPK analysis has used the Indonesian standard method (SNI 7763: 2018). Based on this research, it was concluded that the greater the concentration of ZnCl2 activator, indicated that the higher intensity of the spectra of –OH and –NH2 at wave number 3400 cm-1 and 1600 cm-1. It showed that biochar activation was higher and a more active functional group was opened. Increasing the concentration of ZnCl2 activator has increased Biochar adsorption of NPK macronutrients. The optimum condition for activation of coconut shell Biochar was activation with ZnCl2 2.5 M. The addition of activated Biochar was increased soil adsorption on NPK macronutrients. Biochar addition had increased Nitrogen (N) adsorption up to 23.53%, Phosphor (P) up to 200%, and Potassium (K) up to 41.24%.

scholarly journals Effect of Solution pH to Indigosol Blue Adsorption on Humic Acid Isolated from Kalimantan Peat Oil

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 193-195
Author(s):  
Gita Citra Santi ◽  
Maya Rahmayanti
Keyword(s):  
Humic Acid ◽  
Ftir Spectroscopy ◽  
Extraction Method ◽  
Functional Group ◽  
Peat Soil ◽  
Wave Number ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Alkali Extraction ◽  
Ftir Characterization

There has been study on the isolated of humic acid and its interaction with indigosol blue. The objectives of study were to isolate humic acid from Kalimantan peat soil and to study pH optimation indigosol blue on humic acid. Isolated of humic acid using alkali extraction method with NaOH as solvent and precipitated with HCl. Humic acid was characterized using FTIR spectroscopy to determine functional group. Based on the result FTIR characterization, adsorption of humic acid was found in the wave number 3140,15 cm-1 which show the vibration of -OH, 2924,09 cm-1  show vibration of aliphatic  -CH, 1705 cm-1  show vibration -C = O of COOH, 1627,92 cm-1 show vibration of C=C aromatic and 1226,73 cm-1 indicate of -OH and CO from -COOH. Based on the result of study, pH optimation of indigosol blue at pH 5.

scholarly journals IDENTIFIKASI DAN ANALISIS KADAR FLAVONOID EKSTRAK GETAH ANGSANA (Pterocarpus indicus Willd) DI DUSUN WANATH KECAMATAN LEIHITU KABUPATEN MALUKU TENGAH

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-71
Author(s):  
Nurmila Nurmila ◽  
H Sinay ◽  
Theopilus Watuguly
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Flavonoid Content ◽  
Color Test ◽  
Color Changes ◽  
Qualitative Test ◽  
Test Color

Background: Medicinal plants have many benefits that make it a traditional medicine for society. One of the medicinal plants used by the community, especially the Wanath Hamlet community, is the angsana gum (Pterocarpus indicus Willd.) In treating diseases. Method: This study aims to identify and analyze flavonoid levels in angsana sap (Pterocarpus indicus Willd.) In Wanath Hamlet qualitatively (flavonoid color test) and quantitative (flavonoid content analysis). Results: The results show a change in color to yellow which indicates that the sap is positive for flavonoids, while in aquades it shows clear color changes which indicate negative. Conclusion: Qualitative test (color test) of angsana gum extract positively contains flavonoids when identified with several flavonoid reagents which produce yellow

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