Small island mitigation based on mangrove ecosystem management in Bunaken National Park

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 133
Author(s):  
Joshian N.W Schaduw
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Buffer Zone ◽  
Mangrove Ecosystem ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Small Island ◽  
Collaborative Management ◽  
Small Islands ◽  
Ecological Processes ◽  
The Government

Small islands are susceptible to many environmental impacts. Impacts affecting ecological processes include climate change, sea level rise, natural disasters, abrasion, sedimentation, erosion and pollution. To minimize vulnerability the assessing the effectiveness of mitigation measures in these coastal ecosystems is urgently needed. This research analyzes vulnerability of a small island mangrove ecosystem and the effectiveness of management strategy for mangrove ecosystem based mitigation. This research uses both primary and secondary data. Primary data was gathered by sampling, field observation, and questionnaire analysis. Vulnerability index was analyzed using multi-dimensional scaling method, and vulnerability mapping was analyzed by using geographic information system (GIS) using the software Arcview Project 3.3. Stakeholder analysis was used for patterns and strategic management, through a technique SMART (Simple Multi Attribute Rating Technique) using the software Criterium Decision Plus. The results show that Bunaken Island has the highest vulnerability level, followed by the island of Manado Tua, Nain, and the lowest level was found in Mantehage island. The most important factor of vulnerability in the small island Bunaken National Park is the area of mangrove ecosystem. Increased area of mangrove ecosystem will increase the effectiveness as a buffer zone as well as increase the capacity of the ecosystem on the social, economic, and governance dimensions. A management scheme which can accommodate a variety of problems faced by the mangrove ecosystem of small islands is a collaborative management by the government as the leading sector, with the highest priority on the management of the ecological dimension. Pulau-pulau kecil merupakan daerah yang rentan terhadap berbagai faktor. Salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi adalah faktor ekologis. Faktor ekologi meliputi perubahan iklim, kenaikan permukaan air laut, bencana alam, abrasi, sedimentasi, erosi dan polusi. Untuk meminimalkan kerentanan, efektivitas ekosistem pesisir sangat dibutuhkan. Penelitian ini menganalisis kerentanan pulau kecil, efektivitas ekosistem mangrove, dan strategi pengelolaan ekosistem mangrove berbasis mitigasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan data primer dan sekunder. Data primer dikumpulkan melalui sampling, observasi lapangan, dan angket. Kerentanan dianalisis menggunakan metode multidimensional scaling, sedangkan pemetaan kerentanan dianalisis dengan sistem informasi geografis menggunakan perangkat lunak ArcView 3.3. Analisis Stakeholder digunakan untuk pola dan manajemen strategi, melalui teknik SMART (Simple atribut teknik Peringkat multi) dengan menggunakan perangkat lunak Criterium Decision Plus. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Pulau Bunaken memiliki tingkat kerentanan tertinggi, diikuti oleh Pulau Manado Tua, Nain, dan Pulau Mantehage terendah. Faktor utama kerentanan di pulau kecil Taman Nasional Bunaken adalah luasan ekosistem mangrove. Peningkatan kawasan ekosistem mangrove akan meningkatkan efektivitas ekosistem mangrove sebagai buffer zone serta meningkatkan kapasitas ekosistem ini pada dimensi sosial, ekonomi, dan pemerintahan. Pola pengelolaan yang dapat menampung berbagai masalah yang dihadapi oleh ekosistem mangrove pulau-pulau kecil adalah kolaboratif manajemen dengan prioritas utam pada pengelolaan dimensi ekologi dan pemerintah sebagai leading sector.

scholarly journals Management Strategy of Mangrove Ecosystem in Siak Regency, Riau Province, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 009 (01) ◽  
pp. 60-71
Author(s):  
Trisla Warningsih ◽  
◽  
Kusai Kusai ◽  
Lamun Bathara ◽  
Zulkarnain Zulkarnain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Involvement ◽  
Management Strategy ◽  
Mangrove Ecosystem ◽  
Small Island ◽  
Small Islands ◽  
Mangrove Ecosystems ◽  
Large Island ◽  
Interview Methods ◽  
The Government ◽  
Hierarchy Process

Coastal ecosystems on small islands have a large enough pressure to be inversely proportional to a large island due to various resource capabilities and limited supporting factors. Mangrove is one of the ecosystems on the coast of a small island that is susceptible to disturbance because it is close to human activities. This study aimed to determine the mangrove ecosystem management strategy on the coast of the Siak Regency. The research was conducted from July to August 2020 using survey and interview methods. Data analysis used the Analytical Hierarchy Process to determine the mangrove management strategy. The results showed that community involvement is a priority for managing sustainable mangrove ecosystems with the assistance of the Government and NGOs. Management priority factors, namely ecology, while still paying attention to economic, social, institutional, and technological concerns.

scholarly journals Assessing community resilience to natural disaster and climate change in Maitara Island, North Maluku-Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 229 ◽  
pp. 02002
Author(s):  
Mohammad Ridwan Lessy ◽  
Jefry Bemba ◽  
Nani Nagu
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Coastal Communities ◽  
Disaster Mitigation ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Small Island ◽  
Small Islands ◽  
Human Aspects ◽  
Resilience Index

Small Islands face some of the main problems of any coastal area due to climate change and natural disasters. This study aims to analyze the resilience of coastal communities on a small island in terms of disasters and climate change, and to identify the strategies and adaptations that communities have undertaken as anticipatory for disaster and climate change in the future. Qualitative analysis combined with quantitative methods is used in this research to provide a clear estimate of the categories of resilience in each village. The primary data was collected by using interviews and focus discussion group and secondary data acquired through the documentation on related stakeholders. The resilience index provided by the Ministry of Maritime and Fisheries Affairs is used to categorize the resilience scales of villages. The results of this study show that the human aspects and natural resources aspects have high scores in resilience, but disaster and climate change aspects; environmental/infrastructures aspects; and economic aspects should be improved. Furthermore, the community had been taking participation in disaster mitigation.

TSUNAMI MITIGATION MEASURES FOR TSUNAMI PRONE SMALL ISLANDS: LESSONS LEARNED FROM THE 2010 TSUNAMI AROUND THE MENTAWAI ISLANDS OF INDONESIA

2013 ◽  
Vol 07 (01) ◽  
pp. 1350002 ◽  
Author(s):  
SYAMSIDIK ◽  
DINAR CATUR ISTIYANTO
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulations ◽  
Spatial Planning ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Disaster Mitigation ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Small Island ◽  
Time Of Arrival ◽  
Small Islands ◽  
Tsunami Early Warning ◽  
Mentawai Islands

The challenge of protecting communities in tsunami-prone populated small islands is difficult to meet. Likewise, the islands are often found with a lack of disaster mitigation infrastructure. A tsunami that occurred around the Mentawai Islands of Indonesia on October 25, 2010, causing around 500 dead, is the inspiration for this paper. This study was aimed at elaborating practices in protecting communities of small islands from tsunamis by incorporating information about the estimated time of arrival of a tsunami into the islands mitigation measures. A field survey to obtain the impacts of the tsunami on the number of casualties and damages was conducted in February 2011 around the Mentawai Islands. In the survey, a set of questionnaires were distributed in the Mentawai Islands to investigate the small island residents' responses just after the shock from the tsunami waves. This study was also followed by numerical simulations to obtain tsunami wave Estimated Time of Arrival (ETA) for the Mentawai islands. Numerical simulations were conducted using Delft3D software coupled with Tsunami toolkit. This research found that the ETAs for the Mentawai Islands range between 9–20 min. With the existing tsunami early warning system in Indonesia, the ETAs are quite short. Comparing the Simulated ETAs to the findings from the Mentawai Islands tsunami survey led to the recommendation that the best way to increase the community's preparedness for a tsunami would be by managing village-based spatial planning. Such spatial planning may include relocating the residents far away from the coastal area. This would enable the community to have more time to evacuate should a tsunami threat occur.

scholarly journals Análise da Expansão Antrópica na Região Oeste do Município de Resende – RJ, em Relação ao Parque Nacional do Itatiaia

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 928
Author(s):  
Camila Mendes Dos Santos ◽  
Cláudio Lindenberg De Freitas ◽  
Igor Crabi De Freitas ◽  
Ismael Aparecido Da Silva ◽  
Nivea Adriana Dias Pons ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Buffer Zone ◽  
Temporal Analysis ◽  
Google Earth ◽  
Western Region ◽  
Ecological Processes ◽  
Parque Nacional Do Itatiaia ◽  
The Western Region ◽  
Surrounding Areas

O Parque Nacional do Itatiaia (PNI) é uma Unidade de Conservação de proteção integral, que tem por objetivo preservar ambientes aquáticos e terrestres da região da mata atlântica em virtude de sua beleza e raridade. A conservação do PNI depende diretamente das áreas ao redor e o uso irregular destas áreas circunvizinhas impacta negativamente nos processos ecológicos do parque. Observando essa problemática o presente estudo visa analisar a expansão antrópica na região oeste do município de Resende – RJ, em relação ao PNI. Realizaram-se pesquisas bibliográfica e documental sobre o Plano Diretor (PD) do município de Resende e o Plano de Manejo (PM) do PNI. Através de processos de geoprocessamento com base na legislação vigente, analisou-se documentos cartográficos processados a partir da vetorização de shapefiles no Arcgis 10.2 e análise temporal nos anos de 2003, 2013 e 2017 dos dados disponíveis no Google Earth. Os resultados demonstram diminuição das pastagens e aumento do número de edificações ao longo dos anos de estudo. O PM do PNI e o PD de Resende consideram o entorno do parque como uma região sujeita a restrições de atividades humanas, com o intuito de minimizar os impactos negativos ao parque. Contudo, por falta de integração entre os planos alguns pontos se tornam divergentes, muito em decorrência do PD não levar em consideração a zona de amortecimento (ZA) do PNI. Conclui-se o controle da ação antrópica na região é fundamental para garantia e preservação do PNI no município de Resende, a fim de promover um desenvolvimento sustentável. Analysis of the anthropic expansion in the western region of the municipality of Resende - RJ, in relation to the Itatiaia National Park The National Park of Itatiaia (PNI) is a Conservation Unit of integral protection, whose objective is to preserve aquatic and terrestrial environments of the region of the Atlantic forest due to its beauty and rarity. The conservation of the PNI depends directly on the surrounding areas and the irregular use of the surrounding areas has a negative impact on the ecological processes of the park. Observing this problem, the present study aims to analyze the anthropic expansion in the western region of the city of Resende - RJ, in relation to the PNI. Bibliographical and documentary research on the Master Plan (PD) of the municipality of Resende and the Management Plan (PM) of the PNI were carried out. Through geoprocessing processes based on the current legislation, we analyzed cartographic documents processed from the vectorization of shapefiles in Arcgis 10.2 and temporal analysis in the years 2003, 2013 and 2017 of the data available in Google Earth. The results demonstrate a reduction of pastures and an increase in the number and buildings throughout the study years. The PM of the PNI and the PD of Resende consider the surroundings of the park as a region subject to restrictions of human activities, in order to minimize the negative impacts to the park. However, due to lack of integration between the plans some points become divergent, much as the PD does not take into account the buffer zone (ZA) of the PNI. The control of the anthropic action in the region is fundamental to guarantee and preserve the PNI in the municipality of Resende, in order to promote a sustainable development.  Keywords: Expansion; Geoprocessing; Protection Area.

scholarly journals Peluang Pelaksanaan Manajemen Kolaboratif dalam Pengembangan Kawasan Situs Kota Cina sebagai Potensi Pariwisata di Kota Medan

PERSPEKTIF ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-167
Author(s):  
Biliater Situngkir ◽  
Zulkifli Lubis ◽  
Abdul Kadir
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Data ◽  
Research Problem ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Collaborative Management ◽  
Chinese City ◽  
Tourism Sector ◽  
The Government ◽  
Tourism Potential ◽  
The City

The development of the Chinese city site area as a tourism potential in the city of Medan is very important considering the city of Medan does not yet have natural tourism objects that are well managed. The type of study used in this research is descriptive with a qualitative approach where research is carried out to create a tourism development using the Collaborative Management (Co-Management) method. To obtain data and to deepen the implementation of collaborative management, in-depth interviews were conducted with key informants and questionnaires so that the data needed in this study was complete. Data obtained in the field, both secondary data and primary data will be compiled, presented and analyzed with a qualitative approach in the form of exposure which will then be analyzed in accordance with the research problem undertaken. The results of research conducted show that the community has been involved in the development of tourism in the Chinese city site area. But the community is still walking alone in the development of tourism. With the concept of collaborative management, it will certainly be in developing tourism that is more focused and more targeted as desired. From this research it can be concluded that the area of the Chinese city site has a huge opportunity to be developed into the tourism sector that can provide benefits for both the government, the community and the parties involved in developing tourism.

scholarly journals Implementasi Kebijakan Pengembangan Pariwisata Berkelanjutan di Karimunjawa

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 240-259
Author(s):  
Sri Nurhayati Qodriyatun
Keyword(s):  
Carrying Capacity ◽  
National Park ◽  
Tourism Development ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Target Group ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
Small Islands ◽  
Roles And Responsibilities ◽  
The Government ◽  
New Jobs

Tourism has been the backbone of Indonesia’s economy in the last three years.Contribution of tourism to national GDP is expected to increase to 15% by 2019. Those target is encouraging the development of tourism in many tourist potential areas, such as Karimunjawa. Karimunjawa is an area of 27 small islands including 22 protected islands within the area (Karimunjawa National Park). The Government has made policies in the development of tourism on small islands. The problem is on the implementation of those policy in Karimunjawa from the point of view of policy maker, policy implementer, and target group (Karimunjawa community). The result of a qualitative research conducted in 2018 on tourism development in Karimunjawa showed that tourism development in Karimunjawa has not been sustainable. Even though it has opened up new jobs and added income to the community, there has been changes of community’s values and environmental damage on some spot areas. There is a need for an integrated plan that involves many sectors and stakeholders. The plan includes spatial planning, calculation of its carrying capacity (ecological, physical, and social), analysis or study on environmental impact, utilization of natural resources in an environmentally friendly manner, and roles and responsibilities of each stakeholder involved in tourism development. There is also a need for visitor quota based on the calculation of carrying capacity as well as additional attractions to increase the length of tourist visits. AbstrakPariwisata telah menjadi backbone perekonomian Indonesia dalam tiga tahun terakhir. Pemerintah menargetkan kontribusi sektor pariwisata terhadap PDB nasional meningkat menjadi 15% pada tahun 2019. Target tersebut mendorong dikembangkannya pariwisata di daerah-daerah yang memiliki potensi pariwisata, seperti Karimunjawa. Karimunjawa merupakan daerah kepulauan dengan 27 pulau kecil di dalamnya dengan 22 pulau di antaranya berada dalam kawasan konservasi (Taman Nasional Karimunjawa). Pemerintah telah menyusun kebijakan untuk pengembangan pariwisata di pulau-pulau kecil agar berkelanjutan. Permasalahannya adalah bagaimana implementasi kebijakan tersebut dalam pengembangan pariwisata di Karimunjawa dilihat dari sudut pandang penyusun kebijakan, pelaksana kebijakan, dan target group (masyarakat Karimunjawa). Penelitian kualitatif yang dilakukan pada tahun 2018 terhadap pengembangan pariwisata di Karimunjawa memperlihatkan bahwa pengembangan pariwisata di Karimunjawa belum berkelanjutan. Karena meskipun secara ekonomi telah membuka lapangan kerja baru dan menambah penghasilan di masyarakat, namun secara sosial telah terjadi perubahan nilai dalam masyarakat dan secara ekologis telah terjadi kerusakan lingkungan. Perlu ada satu perencanaan yang terintegrasi yang melibatkan berbagai sektor dan stakeholders. Perencanaan tersebut memuat penataan ruangnya, perhitungan daya dukungnya (daya dukung ekologis, daya dukung fisik, dan daya dukung sosial), studi AMDAL atau UKL/UPL nya, pemanfaatan sumber daya alam secara ramah lingkungan, serta peran dan tanggung jawab dari setiap stakeholders yang terlibat dalam pengembangan pariwisata. Selain itu, perlu ada penetapan kuota pengunjung didasarkan perhitungan daya dukung dan menambah atraksi untuk meningkatkan lama kunjungan wisata.

scholarly journals Green economic based on low-carbon development on small islands

2021 ◽  
Vol 883 (1) ◽  
pp. 012004
Author(s):  
A Kastanya ◽  
C C V Suhendy ◽  
D V Pattimahu ◽  
Iskar
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Environmental Economics ◽  
Terrestrial Ecosystems ◽  
Green Economy ◽  
Small Island ◽  
Small Islands ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Low Carbon Development ◽  
The Government

Abstract Global warming and climate change are having an impact on human and the planet. This occurs worldwide due to an exploitative economy, which does not consider the degradation of natural resources and the environment. Damage to terrestrial ecosystems in small island areas has a direct impact on the destruction of marine ecosystems, such as coral reefs, seagrasses, and another biodiversity. The most current devastating impact is the emergence of the “Covid-19 Pandemic”, which shows that so far humans have adopted an individualistic way of life that ignores their environment. This analysis is carried out through a literature review of the research results and scientific discussions that have developed so far. The results of the study show that if the economy continues to run as it is now, the Earth will continue to be in crises such as floods, extreme weather, rising sea levels, food shortage, and outbreaks of more viruses. Changes in paradigm and human behaviour are needed, not only from the government as the main actor of development but also support from the entire community. Science and innovation that are currently developing a change in development towards the ecological-economy, environmental economics, which is currently known as the “Green Economy Model” is already covered by controlling global warming and climate change. The transformation from an Exploitative Economy to a Green Economy has developed in the concept of Low Carbon Development and Build Back Better as part of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), which needs to be formed in an integrated manner as a concept for Sustainable Small Islands Development and bring welfare for the community.

scholarly journals SUSTAINABILITY STATUS OF MANGROVE ECOSYSTEM MANAGEMENT IN SEMBILANG NATIONAL PARK, BANYUASIN REGENCY, SOUTH SUMATERA PROVINCE

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
. Theresia ◽  
Mennofatria Boer ◽  
Niken T.M Pratiwi
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Management ◽  
National Park ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Rapid Assessment ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Mangrove Ecosystem ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
The Status ◽  
Data Collections

<em>he utilization of mangrove in Sembilang National Park area has increased lately so that it is necessary to assess the sustainability of the mangrove ecosystem management in the region. The study was conducted in March-April 2015. The research location was in the National Park Sembilang, Banyuasin Regency, South Sumatra. The study used primary data and secondary data collections. The primary data were collected from direct observation of mangrove vegetation and via directs interviews of 86 respondents using purposive sampling method. The sustainability status and recommendations for management strategies were determined using Multi Dimensional Scaling (MDS) method approaching by RAPFISH (Rapid Assessment Technique for Fisheries).</em><em>Current sustainability</em><em>status of mangrove management in Sembilang National Park, Banyuasin Regency, South Sumatra was "less sustainable" with multidimensional sustainability index of 49.81. Priority attributes that need to be fixed in order to improve the status of sustainable management of mangrove ecosystems in the region were area changes, local knowledge, conflict of interest, and local wisdom. Alternative strategy priority for mangrove ecosystem management in the region was the empowerment of local community for sustainable mangrove utilization.</em><p><em> </em><strong><em>Keywords:</em></strong><em> </em><em>s</em><em>embilang </em><em>n</em><em>ational </em><em>p</em><em>ark, RAP</em><em>MANGROVE</em><em>, </em><em>m</em><em>angrove </em><em>e</em><em>cosystem </em><em>m</em><em>anagemen</em><em>t</em></p>

scholarly journals Spatiotemporal association of human-elephant conflict around Parsa National Park, Nepal

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-12
Author(s):  
Sanjay Kumar Kurmi ◽  
Narayan Prasad Koju
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Buffer Zone ◽  
Local People ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Temporal Association ◽  
Crop Raiding ◽  
Raiding Behavior ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Local Farmers

This study was carried to evaluate the Spatio-temporal association of human-elephant conflict (HEC) among five different rural municipalities (Nirmalbasti, Jirabhawani, Sakhuwaparsauni, Parsagadhi, and Paterwasugauli) of Parsa District around Parsa National Park in 2019. Primary data was collected by using questionnaire surveys with victims’ family and local people using random sampling method, key informant interviews with Chief Conservation Officer of Parsa National Park, District Forest Officer, ZSL field official, Chairperson of Batika Buffer Zone User Committee, focus group discussion, and field visit to verify the information. Total six people were killed and one person was survived with severe injury by the elephant attacks between 2013 and 2019 in the study area. Crop raiding was perceived as the most serious conflict from the elephants by local people. People around the national park are mostly farmers with a low level of income. They are mostly dependent on agriculture for their livelihood. Elephants are damaging the crops of the farmers making their livelihood difficult. HEC intensity was highest during the rice harvest season (65%), and at night (83%). Local farmers also reported that the aroma of ripening paddy had an interesting relation with HEC, it was associated with elephants’ crop-raiding behavior. Local farmers did not use any specific traditional mitigation measure but believed that planting unpalatable crops and constructing a solar fence around the national park minimizes HEC and will promote co-existence between people and elephants.

scholarly journals Social capital of the community in the management of Danau Sentarum National Park, West Kalimantan, Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 1249-1257
Author(s):  
EMI ROSLINDA
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
National Park ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Collaborative Management ◽  
West Kalimantan ◽  
The Government ◽  
Minimum Resistance

Roslinda E. 2018. Social capital of the community in the management of Danau Sentarum National Park, West Kalimantan,Indonesia. Biodiversitas 19: 1249-1257. Many studies on the management of National Park have been conducted in various countries.This research highlights the management of Danau Sentarum National Park which is administratively located in West KalimantanProvince precisely in Kapuas Hulu District, from the view of social capital. The research method was surveyed using a quantitativeapproach. Social capital of the community in the area of Danau Sentarum National Park is still high/strong. Based on this fact, themanagement of the National Park that has been conducted by the government alone can collaborate with the management by communityand collaborative management that pays a good attention to the minimum resistance and maximum synergy.

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