scholarly journals Macroeconomic Impact of Refugee Inflow on West African Countries

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-46
Author(s):  
Louis Sevitenyi Nkwatoh ◽  
Kekere Sule Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Labour Force ◽  
West African ◽  
Gdp Per Capita ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Host Countries ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Government Consumption ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Fiscal Balance ◽  
Per Capita

This study investigated the macroeconomic effect of refugee inflow on West African Countries using a panel vector autoregressive approach over the period 1992 to 2018. Our results provide evidence that a positive refugee shock induces a positive effect on GDP per capita, government consumption and labour force. On the other hand, the effect of a shock to refugee exerts a negative effect on the fiscal balance of host Countries. The overall result from the variance decomposition indicates that refugees prefer to migrate to Countries with better economic activities as reflected by the GDP per capita and labour supply, even though the magnitude of contribution of refugees to economic activities is small and significant only in the short run. Hence, refugees do not constitute an economic burden to West African States, but however induce a negative effect on their fiscal balance via extra budgetary expenditure. This calls for a global response to refugee crisis with respect to its fiscal implication on host Countries. This may go a long way in averting another circle of crisis because refugees often exacerbate the worsening economic and social problems of host Countries, leading to increase in government consumption.

Female Labour Force Participation in African Countries: An Empirical Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 278-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Omowumi O. Idowu ◽  
Taiwo Owoeye
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Labour Force Participation ◽  
Seemingly Unrelated Regression ◽  
Gdp Per Capita ◽  
Female Labour Force Participation ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Female Labour ◽  
Labour Participation ◽  
Per Capita

This article investigates female labour force participation (FLFP) in a panel comprising 20 selected African countries across five sub-regional groupings, over the period 1990–2018. It analyses the determinants of demand and supply of FLFP, thereby contributing to the ongoing debate on the female labour participation in African countries. The study sources data from the World Bank Data Bank and uses seemingly unrelated regression as an estimation technique after confirming the stationarity of the time series properties of all variables and the static analysis of the models. The analysis suggests that the GDP growth rate and inequality are positive determinants of female labour demand, while wages, GDP per capita growth and poverty are negative determinants. It also shows evidence for an inverted U-shaped relationship between female labour supply and economic development in Africa, while education, fertility, GDP per capita growth, manufacturing growth rate and culture were contributing factors to this relationship. It is therefore suggested that policymakers in Africa should accelerate the process of formalising African economies to encourage an increase in female labour participation.

scholarly journals Immigration from the CIS countries to Russia in the context of the economic crisis in the Russian Federation

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 677-694
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Piekutowska ◽  
Monika Fiedorczuk
Keyword(s):  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Gdp Per Capita ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
Foreign Labour ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Cis Countries

Research background: A series of changes towards the greater openness to the influx of foreign labour force made in recent years in the Russian Federation prompts for analysis of immigration to this country as adopted solutions in the field of the migration policy affect other regions of destination (e.g. EU). Liberalisation of access of migrants to the Russian labour market is a part of a wider problem: competition (on an international scale) for an influx of foreign labour force. In this context, it is worth examining how the crisis which affected the Russian economy influenced the scale of immigration to Russia from the main sending countries, i.e. the countries of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS). Purpose of the article: The aim of the article is to show the impact of the crisis which affected the Russian economy in recent years on the scale of immigration from the CIS countries to Russia. The main hypothesis is as follows: the factor explaining immigration from the CIS countries to Russia is the difference in the level of income measured by GDP per capita (PPP) between the sending state and the country of destination. Such studies have not been undertaken so far and, due to the role of factors inherent in the concept of post-imperial migration, it becomes relevant to examine whether the factors shaping migration (including the differences in the level of income) recognised in the neoclassical theory of migration are important in explaining the flows in this area. Methods: In order to check the relationship between immigration and the economic crisis in Russia, the analysis of correlation and regression was used. Findings & Value added: It has been shown that despite the decline in GDP in Russia, immigration from the CIS countries to Russia is not decreasing. Therefore, it is a dependence different from the assumptions of the neoclassical economy according to which the reduction of differences in the level of income between the sending state and the country of destination reduces the scale of international migrations. As it has been shown, the scale of migration to Russia may not be explained by the difference in the level of GDP per capita in all CIS countries and, inter alia, political factors, conflicts or naturalisation processes become more important in shaping the scale of migration to Russia.

scholarly journals Export Contribution of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises to GDP Per capita in Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. p11
Author(s):  
Deddy Tri Harjanto ◽  
Cicih Ratnasih ◽  
Yolanda Yolanda
Keyword(s):  
Exchange Rate ◽  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Inverse Relationship ◽  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Gdp Per Capita ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Exchange Rate ◽  
Medium Enterprises

This study will determine how much the influence of the exchange rate, the number of MSMEs, investment, credit, and inflation on MSME exports nationally, and how they contribute to GDP per capita. The research method uses multiple regression with data transformation ln. The results of the study consist of model 1, the exchange rate factor, the number of MSMEs, investment, credit, and inflation are variables that influence increasing the number of product exports produced from the MSME sector. In the second model, the contribution of MSME exports to GDP per capita. The results showed that of all significant positive variables and one significant negative variable. The investment required in Indonesia, whose number continues to increase yearly, affects the high number of products exports from the MSME sector. For this reason, investment factors must continue to be considered to increase MSME exports. In contrast, the contribution of the inflation variable has a significant negative effect, which is an inverse relationship to MSME exports. It is predicted that if inflation is low, MSME exports will increase, and vice versa if inflation is high, MSME exports will decline. Furthermore, model 2 shows that MSME exports significantly contribute to gross domestic product per capita. In this case, the ups and downs of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises' exports need special attention.

scholarly journals HIV/AIDS and Economic Growth: Empirical Evidence from Sub-Saharan Africa

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danjuma Maijama'a ◽  
Shamzaeffa Samsudin ◽  
Shazida jan Mohd Khan
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Time Lag ◽  
Hiv And Aids ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Growth Equation ◽  
Solow Model ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Sub Saharan

<p>This study investigates the effects of the HIV and AIDS epidemic on economic growth in 42<br />sub-Saharan African countries using data spanning from 1990-2013. Unlike previous studies,<br />we use a longer data horizon and take the time lag effect of the epidemic’s incubation period<br />that is, after it might have developed to AIDS into consideration in our estimations. We<br />estimated an empirical growth equation within an augmented Solow model and applied the<br />dynamic system GMM estimator. The results suggest that current HIV prevalence rate –<br />associated with rising morbidity, has a negative effect on GDP per capita growth, conversely<br />AIDS – associated with higher mortality in addition to morbidity, increases per capita GDP<br />growth.</p>

scholarly journals Impact of Remittances on Economic Growth: Evidence from Selected West African Countries (Cameroon, Cape Verde, Nigeria and Senegal)

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muriel Adarkwa ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
West African ◽  
Cape Verde ◽  
Series Data ◽  
African Countries ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Positive Effect

Remittances from abroad play a key role in the development of many West African countries. Remittances tend to increase the income of recipients, reduce shortage of foreign exchange and help alleviate poverty. This research examines the impact of remittances on economic growth in four selected West African countries: Cameroon, Cape Verde, Nigeria and Senegal. Using developmentalist, structuralist and pluralist views on remittances, a linear regression was run on time series data from the World Bank database for the period 2000–2010. After a critical analysis of the impact of remittances on economic growth in these four countries, it was found that inflow of remittances to Senegal and Nigeria has a positive effect on these countries’ gross domestic product whereas for Cape Verde and Cameroon it had a negative effect. Cameroon benefitted the least from remittances and Nigeria benefitted the most within the period. One contribution of this study is the finding that remittance inflows need to be invested in productive sectors. Even if remittances continue to increase, without investment in productive sectors they cannot have any meaningful impact on economic growth in these countries.

scholarly journals Explaining Financial Crises in Emerging Markets: A logit model on the Turkish data (1984-2001)

2005 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-47
Author(s):  
Mete Feridun
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Markets ◽  
Foreign Exchange ◽  
Stock Prices ◽  
Logit Model ◽  
Financial Crises ◽  
Terms Of Trade ◽  
Gdp Per Capita ◽  
Foreign Exchange Reserves ◽  
Fiscal Balance ◽  
Per Capita

This article aims at explaining the financial crises Turkey experienced in the last decade through a random effects logit model which incorporates 26 macroeconomic, political, and financial sector variables. Evidence emerges that the only significant variables are current account/GDP, fiscal balance/GDP, GDP per capita, national savings growth, foreign exchange reserves, terms of trade, stock prices, and import growth. Results indicate that all variables have expected signs with the exception of import growth.

scholarly journals Dampak Kebijakan Tarif dan Non-tarif Negara-Negara Importir atas Ekspor Tuna Olahan Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 468-478
Author(s):  
Maharani Tristi ◽  
Harianto Harianto ◽  
Amzul Rifin
Keyword(s):  
Exchange Rates ◽  
Export Performance ◽  
Gdp Per Capita ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Export Prices ◽  
Economic Distance ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Actual Exchange ◽  
The Impact

This study aims to analyze the impact of the tariff and non-tariff policies implementation of the importing countries on the export performance of Indonesian processed tuna. A cross-sectional gravity model analysis was conducted to find out the impact of these policies on exports. The variables used include GDP per capita of the importing countries, population, economic distance, export prices, actual exchange rates, tariff policies, and non-tariff policies in the form of sanitary and phytosanitary (SPS) and technical barriers to trade (TBT). The estimation shows that the variables of GDP per capita of the importing countries, population, exchange rates, export prices, and SPS give a positive and significant effect on the trade of Indonesian processed tuna commodities. On the other hand, economic distance and TBT policy give a negative and significant impact on the volume of this particular commodity. Meanwhile, the tariff policy implementation also give a negative effect on the export volume, but it is not significant.   Keywords: cross sectional gravity, export performance, non-tariffs, tariffs

scholarly journals Macroeconomic indicators and student mobility: a case study of the African countries most actively involved in FAO student mobility

2021 ◽  
Vol 190 (5-6(2)) ◽  
pp. 75-85
Author(s):  
Henrietta Janik ◽  
◽  
Zsuzsanna Tóth-Naár ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Student Mobility ◽  
Gdp Per Capita ◽  
Internationalization Of Higher Education ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Scholarship Students ◽  
Macroeconomic Indicators ◽  
Per Capita

The internationalization of higher education is one of the most current topics related to education today. The number of foreign students in major higher education institutions is increasing, and international collaborations in the field of education and research are becoming more frequent. Even though the topic is so tangible in proximity, still little is known about the process of internationalization of higher education and the factors that support and hinder the phenomenon. The theoretical significance of this study is the regression analysis of the revealed literature and statistical data, while the practical significance is the possible comparative study of the research carried out in the international context depending on the number of FAO scholarship students coming to Hungary from African countries. The study covers 12 years of mobilities from 2008 to 2020. The study presents the distribution of FAO scholarship students arriving in Hungary from African countries and analyses a correlation between macroeconomic indicators, student mobility and the likelihood of international migration regarding sending African countries, using linear regression analysis and SPSS as a statistical method. For this analysis the data from the ILOSTAT Database has been used. The result of the study is that there are correlations between indicators in only a few cases, such as the HDI and MPI index of the African countries and GDP per capita. The GDP per capita has really strong positive correlation with the HDI index. There is a medium correlation between agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) and the employment in agriculture in the examined African countries. Also, our results suggest there is a moderately strong negative correlation between MPI index and GDP per capita.

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