scholarly journals A Novel Method for Monitoring SpO2 in Wearable Health Monitoring Applications

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1S5) ◽  
pp. 272-274
Keyword(s):  
Health Monitoring ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
The Body ◽  
Physiological Status ◽  
Physical Factors ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Monitoring Applications ◽  
Crucial Information ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
A Site

This study outlines the utility of a reflectance pulseoximeter sensor in Wearable Health Monitoring System (WHMS). Pulseoximeter has its own vital role in WHMS as it can provide additional crucial information about the physiological status. This paper discusses the data analysis for ambulatory utility of a reflectance pulseoximeter for variable locations on the body e.g. Finger, forehead, chest. Different physical factors affecting the performance of spo2 sensor are considered and discussed. An experiment simulating ambulation was conducted with Nonin reflectance sensor against standard sensor is capable for its utility in variable motions. We also compared variable locations data against standard positions like Forehead and Fingertip during rest conditions, the outcome of which proved that the Manubrium sternum can be utilized as a site of location for the measurement of spo2 with respect to a single emitter and detector sensor.

scholarly journals A Comprehensive Insight on Pharmacokinetics

2016 ◽  
Vol I (I) ◽  
pp. 27-37
Author(s):  
Urooj Naseem ◽  
Fatima Iqbal ◽  
Gul Shahnaz
Keyword(s):  
Drug Distribution ◽  
The Body ◽  
Acid Dissociation ◽  
Physical Factors ◽  
Acid Dissociation Constant ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Physicochemical Factors ◽  
Basic Parameters ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Phase I And Ii

Pharmacokinetics can be defined as what the body does to a drug. The basic parameters of pharmacokinetics are discussed here including absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion. Characteristics and pathways taken by these drugs are determined by these parameters. The mechanism followed by these parameters are also discussed. Furthermore, the factors affecting these parameters including physicochemical factors, physical factors and pharmaceutical factors are also explored. Different routes of drug absorption and main barriers to drug distribution are also explained. The pharmacokinetic values namely acid dissociation constant, bioavailability and solubility are briefly explained. There is a detailed insight into the pathways of metabolism (Phase I and II reactions) and excretion.

scholarly journals Thermosensation as a novel method to probe interoception and its relationship with other interoceptive modalities

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Crucianelli ◽  
Adam Enmalm ◽  
H. Henrik Ehrsson
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
Matching Task ◽  
Physiological Status ◽  
Thermal Stimulus ◽  
Dynamic Temperature ◽  
Hairy Skin ◽  
Accurate Perception ◽  
Perceptual Performance ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
The Relationship

Interoception, i.e., the perception of the physiological status of the body, includes signals originating both from inside the body and from its surface, the skin. Here, we focused on the perception of temperature, a crucial modality for the maintenance of homeostasis. We used a classic thermal detection task and developed a new thermal matching task, in which participants were asked to match a previously perceived moving thermal stimulus applied to their skin to a range of colder or warmer stimuli, presented in increasing or decreasing order. We investigated both hairy (forearm) and non-hairy (palm) skin to target the potential involvement of C-tactile fibres, which are part of an afferent homeostatic system found mainly on hairy skin. We also explored the relationship between performance on the two thermal tasks and on three other tasks in different interoceptive sub-modalities: cardiac perception, affective touch, and pain detection. We found a significantly more accurate perception of dynamic temperature on hairy skin compared to non-hairy skin overall, particularly when temperature was decreasing. Static perception of cooling was also superior on hairy skin and was related to dynamic temperature and pain only on non-hairy skin. Thus, thermosensation might offer a promising avenue to investigate interoception, and different mechanisms might be involved in the perception of affective thermal stimuli in hairy and non-hairy skin. Critically, we did not find any other significant relationship in objective perceptual performance among the interoceptive modalities, which suggests independent processing and that interoception might be best quantified using a battery of tests.

scholarly journals Radon Over Kimberlite Pipes: Estimation of the Emanation Properties of Rocks (Lomonosov Diamond Deposit, NW Russia)

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (13) ◽  
pp. 6065
Author(s):  
Evgeny Yakovlev ◽  
Andrey Puchkov
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Studies ◽  
State Level ◽  
The Body ◽  
Free State ◽  
Physical Factors ◽  
Diamond Deposit ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Emanation Coefficient ◽  
Host Rocks ◽  
The Impact

In this paper, using the example of the Lomonosov diamond deposit, experimental studies of rocks were carried out to assess the main radiation and physical factors affecting the formation of the radon field over the kimberlite pipes of the Arkhangelsk diamondiferous province. For various types of rocks, represented by vent kimberlites, tuffaceous-sedimentary rocks of the crater and enclosing and overlying sediments, the following were studied: porosity, density, activity of radium-226, activity of radon in a free state, level of radon production, and emanation coefficient. The research results showed that the greatest amount of radon in a free state is produced by rocks of the near-pipe space, represented by the enclosing Vendian V2 deposits and characterized by high values of the emanation coefficient, radium activity, radon production level and porosity. This fact is associated with the structural and geological features of the near-pipe space, which was exposed to the impact of kimberlite magma on the host rocks. The lowest values of these parameters are characteristic of the kimberlites of the vent facies, which limits the formation of free radon in the body of the pipe. The results of the experimental studies create prospects for the development of emanation methods for searching for kimberlite pipes in the conditions of the Arkhangelsk diamondiferous province.

Occupational diseases of builders and factors affecting their occurrence and development

2021 ◽  
pp. 71-77
Author(s):  
D. V. Semenov ◽  
A. A. Tkachenko
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Diseases ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
The Body ◽  
Educational Work ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Oncological Diseases ◽  
Noise Vibration ◽  
Medical Examinations ◽  
The Impact

The article deals with individual professional diseases of builders and the factors that influence their occurrence and development. The author believes that a wide range of industrial activities of representatives of the construction professions and the impact of the environment plays a vital role in the development and progression of most occupational diseases. However, the harmful effects of these diseases on the body are greatly underestimated, which reduces the effectiveness of preventive measures and complicates treatment. It is also impossible to ignore the occupational diseases of drivers of construction vehicles. The most common of them are diseases associated with the development of cardiovascular pathology, neuropsychiatric disorders, gastrointestinal disorders, diseases associated with problems with the musculoskeletal system, disorders caused by a sedentary lifestyle, as well as allergic and oncological diseases. In addition, drivers are affected by harmful sanitary and hygienic factors: noise, vibration, high temperature, harmful impurities in the bus cabin, nervous tension. Taking into account all the above factors, it is necessary to carry out appropriate prevention of occupational diseases of representatives of construction specialties by conducting educational work and conducting regular medical examinations.

scholarly journals "Physical factors affecting the strength of arm wrestling"

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 5816-5821
Author(s):  
Hideo Hirai ◽  
So Miyahara ◽  
Akira Otuka
Keyword(s):  
Grip Strength ◽  
Internal Rotation ◽  
Shoulder Joint ◽  
The Body ◽  
Rotation Vector ◽  
Mechanical Activity ◽  
Physical Factors ◽  
Body Frame ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Forearm Length

Arm-wrestling is known as an easy-to-use, friendly play or competition. Since arm-wrestling is won by involving the opponent's arm and falling down, it is said that the size of the body frame, the grip strength, which is the gross muscle strength of the entire arm, or the effective mechanical activity of the muscle groups is important. However, there has been no research on the factors that are effective in winning arm wrestling. Therefore, we examined the factors necessary to win arm wrestling by examining the arm wrestling rate and forearm length, weight, grip strength, and maximum internal rotation vector value of the shoulder joint by using 16 healthy 20-22 years old as subjects. The relationship was examined statistically by Spearman's correlation coefficient. Then, using a multiple regression analysis, the winning rate of arm wrestling was analyzed as a dependent variable, and items with significant correlation were analyzed as independent variables. As a result, it was found that the winning rate of arm wrestling has a high correlation between forearm length and the maximum internal rotation vector value of the shoulder joint, and the latter is particularly involved.

The Space of Difference in Law: Inquests into Aboriginal Deaths in Custody

Somatechnics ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sherene H. Razack
Keyword(s):  
Aboriginal People ◽  
The Body ◽  
Police Brutality ◽  
Canadian Society ◽  
Aboriginal Community ◽  
Police Custody ◽  
Homo Sacer ◽  
Clear Sign ◽  
A Site ◽  
Deaths In Custody

Paul Alphonse, a 67 year-old Aboriginal died in hospital while in police custody. A significant contributing factor to his death was that he was stomped on so hard that there was a boot print on his chest and several ribs were broken. His family alleged police brutality. The inquest into the death of Paul Alphonse offers an opportunity to explore the contemporary relationship between Aboriginal people and Canadian society and, significantly, how law operates as a site for managing that relationship. I suggest that we consider the boot print on Alphonse's chest and its significance at the inquest in these two different ways. First, although it cannot be traced to the boot of the arresting officer, we can examine the boot print as an event around which swirls Aboriginal/police relations in Williams Lake, both the specific relation between the arresting officer and Alphonse, and the wider relations between the Aboriginal community and the police. Second, the response to the boot print at the inquest sheds light on how law is a site for obscuring the violence in Aboriginal people's lives. A boot print on the chest of an Aboriginal man, a clear sign of violence, comes to mean little because Aboriginal bodies are considered violable – both prone to violence, and bodies that can be violated with impunity. Law, in this instance in the form of an inquest, stages Aboriginal abjection, installing Aboriginal bodies as too damaged to be helped and, simultaneously to harm. In this sense, the Aboriginal body is homo sacer, the body that maybe killed but not murdered. I propose that the construction of the Aboriginal body as inherently violable is required in order for settlers to become owners of the land.

RESTRICTIONS OF EXTENSIVE PRODUCTION TO ENSURE FOOD SECURITY IN CHINA

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Li ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Food Insufficiency ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Agricultural Mechanization

Being over-dependent on imports, China has been faced with the problem of food insufficiency in recent years.This paper, with the adoption of the indicators of agricultural development and relevant models, aims to explore factors affecting food security in China, in particular, technological elements. The findings demonstrate that technology plays a vital role in improving food production. It is recommended to increase the input of science and technology and improve agricultural mechanization.

The role of the female body in contesting and negotiating space in sports for women in rural and urban Zimbabwe

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-113
Author(s):  
Obert Bernard Mlambo ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Female Body ◽  
The Body ◽  
Gender Ideologies ◽  
Victorian Culture ◽  
Girl Child ◽  
School Sports ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Gender Ideals ◽  
A Site ◽  
Embodied Practice

This article examined attitudes, knowledge, behavior and practices of men and society on Gender bias in sports. The paper examined how the African female body was made into an object of contest between African patriarchy and the colonial system and also shows how the battle for the female body eventually extended into the sporting field. It also explored the postcolonial period and the effects on Zimbabwean society of the colonial ideals of the Victorian culture of morality. The study focused on school sports and the participation of the girl child in sports such as netball, volleyball and football. Reference was made to other sports but emphasis was given to where women were affected. It is in this case where reference to the senior women soccer team was made to provide a case study for purposes of illustration. Selected rural community and urban schools were served as case references for ethnographic accounts which provided the qualitative data used in the analysis. In terms of methodology and theoretical framework, the paper adopted the political economy of the female body as an analytical viewing point in order to examine the body of the girl child and of women in action on the sporting field in Zimbabwe. In this context, the female body is viewed as deeply contested and as a medium that functions as a site for the redirection, profusion and transvaluation of gender ideals. Using the concept of embodiment, involving demeanor, body shape and perceptions of the female body in its social context, the paper attempted to establish a connection between gender ideologies and embodied practice. The results of the study showed the prevalence of condescending attitudes towards girls and women participation in sports.

scholarly journals The Mechanism of Secretion and Metabolism of Gut-Derived 5-Hydroxytryptamine

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (15) ◽  
pp. 7931
Author(s):  
Ning Liu ◽  
Shiqiang Sun ◽  
Pengjie Wang ◽  
Yanan Sun ◽  
Qingjuan Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Metabolism ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
The Body ◽  
Neuroendocrine Cells ◽  
Intestinal Lumen ◽  
Paracrine Signaling ◽  
Inflammatory Conditions ◽  
Epithelial Development ◽  
Ec Cells

Serotonin, also known as 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), is a metabolite of tryptophan and is reported to modulate the development and neurogenesis of the enteric nervous system, gut motility, secretion, inflammation, sensation, and epithelial development. Approximately 95% of 5-HT in the body is synthesized and secreted by enterochromaffin (EC) cells, the most common type of neuroendocrine cells in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, through sensing signals from the intestinal lumen and the circulatory system. Gut microbiota, nutrients, and hormones are the main factors that play a vital role in regulating 5-HT secretion by EC cells. Apart from being an important neurotransmitter and a paracrine signaling molecule in the gut, gut-derived 5-HT was also shown to exert other biological functions (in autism and depression) far beyond the gut. Moreover, studies conducted on the regulation of 5-HT in the immune system demonstrated that 5-HT exerts anti-inflammatory and proinflammatory effects on the gut by binding to different receptors under intestinal inflammatory conditions. Understanding the regulatory mechanisms through which 5-HT participates in cell metabolism and physiology can provide potential therapeutic strategies for treating intestinal diseases. Herein, we review recent evidence to recapitulate the mechanisms of synthesis, secretion, regulation, and biofunction of 5-HT to improve the nutrition and health of humans.

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