scholarly journals The Welding Processes of Rolled Homogeneous Armour Steel

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2S2) ◽  
pp. 361-366
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Mechanical Property ◽  
Arc Welding ◽  
Focal Point ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Butt Joint ◽  
Vehicle Body ◽  
Flux Cored Arc Welding ◽  
Welding Processes ◽  
Armour Steel

Rolled Homogeneous Armour (RHA) steel is known as protective steel and it is utilized in a military vehicle, For example tanks, howitzers, heavily clad battle vehicles just as developments in armament. Weld quality straight forwardly decides the entire mechanical properties of the protective steel in vehicle body structures. Hybrid Optical Maser Arc welding (HOMAW) has a decent mechanical property and focal point of this exploration is considered to recover more energy than laser and Metal Active Gas Welding (MAGW) process. Manual Metal Arc Welding (MMAW) with low hydrogen ferritic filler (LHF) which performs better weldability on Armour steels with comparing MMAW with Austenitic stainless steel (ASS), and Flux cored arc welding (FCAW) with ASS/LHF. MMAW procedure is considered to reduce the expense through LHF consumable in workplace. The examination of MAGW method, a welding fringe of 54o V-narrow cut geometry has better mechanical property for tensile strength and also the welding narrow cut point of 48o X-trench cut geometry has better solution for compression strength of butt-joint Armour steel. This survey was embraced to grant a top-level view of the various categories of welding process and mechanical properties in welding of RHA steels.

Microstructure and mechanical properties of ADC12/6063-T6 aluminum alloy butt joint achieved by metal inert gas groove welding

2018 ◽  
Vol 233 (10) ◽  
pp. 2120-2124
Author(s):  
Ye Wang ◽  
Mi Zhao ◽  
Hongyu Xu ◽  
Maoliang Hu ◽  
Zesheng Ji
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Arc Welding ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Weld Interface ◽  
Butt Joint ◽  
Inert Gas ◽  
Butt Joints ◽  
Arc Welding Process ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Silicon Particles

Metal inert gas arc welding process was implemented to join 6063T6 wrought alloy and ADC12 die-casting alloy using ER4047 filler metal. The microstructure of the weld seam and weld interface was investigated. The bonding strength of the butt joints was tested by Charpy U-notch impact test and tensile test. The results showed that a sound welding butt joint with finely silicon particles and excellent mechanical properties was formed, and the size of the silicon particles was nearly 2 μm. Compared with 6063T6 wrought alloy, the impact absorbing energies and the tensile strengths of the butt joint were higher and reached 1.173 kJ/cm2 and 205 MPa, respectively, and the fractures of all tensile specimens occur at the 6063T6 aluminum.

Optimization of Flux Cored Arc Welding Process Parameter Using Genetic and Memetic Algorithms

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 239-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Kannan ◽  
N. Murugan ◽  
B. N. Sreeharan
Keyword(s):  
Arc Welding ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Memetic Algorithms ◽  
Optimization Techniques ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Robotic Welding ◽  
Bead Width ◽  
Flux Cored Arc Welding ◽  
Arc Welding Process ◽  
Welding Processes

AbstractMost of the manufacturing enterprises indulge in the bonding of metals during the production process. This makes welding one of the most important processes in industries. Subsequently, due to the high usage of welding process, industrial engineers desire to optimize the parameters concerned to achieve the desired weld bead characteristics. This paper focuses on optimization of flux cored arc welding process parameters, which are used for deposition of duplex stainless steel on low carbon structural steel plates. Experiments were conducted based on central composite rotatable design and mathematical models were developed using multiple regression method. Further, optimization with objectives as minimizing percentage dilution, maximizing height of reinforcement and bead width was carried out using genetic algorithm and memetic algorithm. This problem was formulated as a multi objective, multivariable and non-linear programming problem. The algorithms were implemented using basic functions of C language making it highly reliable, adoptable, very user friendly and extendable to other welding processes such as GMAW, GTAW, robotic welding, etc. The adopted optimization techniques were further compared based on various computational factors.

Investigation of Microstructure and Hardness Properties of Hardfacing Surface on SCM 440 Alloy Steel by Using Metal Active Gas and Flux Cored Arc Welding Processes

2017 ◽  
Vol 728 ◽  
pp. 31-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siva Sitthipong ◽  
Prawit Towatana ◽  
Amnuay Sitticharoenchai
Keyword(s):  
Alloy Steel ◽  
Arc Welding ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Side Plate ◽  
Weld Metals ◽  
Flux Cored Arc Welding ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Arc Welding Process ◽  
Welding Processes

This research aimed to investigate the microstructure and hardness properties of hardfacing surface on SCM440 alloy steel by using metal active gas and flux cored arc welding processes. Due to the difficulty of welding the high strength steel, the changes in base metals’ microstructures were found after welding. Preheating the specimens at 350°C and post weld heat treatment the specimens at 550°C were performed for 1 hour, to reduce the residual stresses and avoid the undesired formation of microstructures. The weld metals’ microstructures that were found from both welding processes are acicular ferrite, polygonal ferrite and side plate ferrite. The hardness value of weld metal resulted from flux cored arc welding process is higher than that of the metal active gas welding process. Each welding process produced different quantities of weld metals’ microstructures, causing the difference in hardness values. The data will be used for investigating and improving parameters of shaft repairing, in order to use it more effectively.

Effect of Different Arc Welding Processes on the Metallurgical and Mechanical Properties of Ramor 500 Armor Steel

2019 ◽  
Vol 142 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Günen ◽  
Selçuk Bayar ◽  
Mustafa Serdar Karakaş
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Welded Joints ◽  
Arc Welding ◽  
Impact Resistance ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Fusion Welding ◽  
Minor Amount ◽  
Cold Metal Transfer ◽  
Armor Steel ◽  
Welding Processes

Abstract In the present study, Ramor 500 armor steel plates were automatically welded using cold metal transfer arc welding (CMT), gas metal arc welding (GMAW), and hybrid plasma arc welding (HPAW) methods. To investigate the effects of three different fusion welding methods on metallurgical and mechanical properties, the welded joints were examined using optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and also subjected to radiographic, hardness, tensile, and notched impact tests. The weld metal (WM) region of the GMAW and HPAW joints consisted of massive austenite. In the CMT welded joint, the WM consisted mainly of dendritic austenite and a minor amount of δ-ferrite. Regardless of the welding process, the hardness of both the WM and heat-affected zone (HAZ) regions was found to be higher than the base metal (BM). The tensile strengths obtained by CMT, GMAW, and HPAW were 45%, 50%, and 65% of the BM, respectively. Cleavage-type brittle fractures occurred in the GMAW and HPAW welded joints, while localized ductile fractures occurred in the CMT joints. Tensile test specimens of the CMT joints fractured in the WM, while the GMAW and HPAW joints fractured in the HAZ. In terms of notch toughness, the CMT joints exhibited better impact resistance compared with the BM. GMAW and HPAW joints displayed less impact resistance than the BM, with values comparable with previous studies in the literature.

scholarly journals Effect of Current on Mechanical Properties and Microstructure of Aluminum 6061 with Gas Tungsten Arc Welding Process

Kapal ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 107-113
Author(s):  
Tarmizi Tarmizi ◽  
Kevin Daniel Sianturi ◽  
Irfan Irfan
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Arc Welding ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Butt Joint ◽  
Gas Tungsten Arc Welding ◽  
Welding Parameters ◽  
Gas Tungsten Arc ◽  
Gtaw Process ◽  
Gas Tungsten

Aluminum 6061 is an aluminum alloy that is widely used in various industrial fields, which heat treatable. However, it can be joined using a welding process. Aluminum joining using the Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW) process has become the option to produce good quality joints. This research aims to get optimum welding parameters by knowing the mechanical properties and microstructure of the welding results. The GTAW process uses a 25-volt voltage, Argon protective gas flow rate of 15 liters per minute with filler rod ER 5356 with 2.4 mm diameter and electrodes tungsten 2.4 mm in diameter. This process uses a single V butt joint and groove angle of 60° with variations in the current of 100, 110 and 120 A. The results indicate that specimens with a variety of current of 110 A give better results in the absence of defects, have a tensile strength of 152 MPa, and get a hardness value of 87.55 HV, which is the highest compared to the other two specimens. Whereas specimens with the current variation of 100 and 120 A have defects in the weld area. The optimum parameters of the 6061 aluminum GTAW process with a thickness of 6 mm using a current of 110 A bring on better outcomes and mechanical properties than the use of currents of 100 and 120 A.

scholarly journals A study on use of wobble features in laser welding of low alloy steel joint with butt joint configuration

2021 ◽  
Vol 1135 (1) ◽  
pp. 012021
Author(s):  
Timo Kankala ◽  
Antti Salminen
Keyword(s):  
Laser Welding ◽  
Focal Point ◽  
Beam Quality ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Butt Joint ◽  
Air Gap ◽  
Low Alloyed Steel ◽  
Tool Diameter ◽  
Welding Processes ◽  
Beam Manipulation

Abstract Laser welding is modern digital welding process, which thanks to several advantages over traditional welding processes, is gaining ever growing role in manufacturing. The process has still some weaknesses. The better the beam quality the smaller the focal point, the actual welding tool, diameter is. Typically, because of this the welding of joints with lesser quality e.g. larger air gap is difficult or even impossible. So-called beam manipulation opens opportunities to deal with the problem. The dynamic beam manipulation gives opportunities to control the weld dimensions during the welding process by the requirements of individual locations of weld joint. This study used the two dimensional scanner to manipulate beam during welding with so called wobble function. Four different wobble configurations were tested in welding of low-alloyed steel with different joint qualities. The wobble typically made the welds wider, provided typically higher heat input and thus lowered the hardness of the joint. Wobble increased typically the root quality, but there are differences between different wobble parameters. It was possible to weld joints with wider air gaps in the selected material thickness, but the wider air gap and wobble caused finally, when wide enough the sagging of the joint.

A Comparison Study between Friction Stir Welding and Metal Inert Gas Welding in Joining Similar Al-Al Strips

2014 ◽  
Vol 925 ◽  
pp. 180-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hasan I. Dawood ◽  
Kahtan S. Mohammed ◽  
Mumtaz Y. Rajab ◽  
Nurafifah R. Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Friction Stir Welding ◽  
Arc Welding ◽  
Pure Aluminum ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Power Input ◽  
Butt Joint ◽  
Inert Gas ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Welding Processes

In this study, two sets of pure aluminum strips 3 mm in thickness were friction stir welding (FSW) together in a regular Butt joint pattern. Two rotational speeds of 1750 RPM and 2720 RPM were utilized to perform the welding process. The transverse speed and the axial load were kept constant at 45 mm/min and 6.5 kN respectively. As a welding tool, cylindrical shoulder and pin geometry was selected. For comparison purposes other similar strip pair sets were butt welded using the conventional metal inert gas arc welding technique (MIGAW). The welding quality, power input, microstructure, macrostructure and the mechanical properties of the weld joints yielded from these two welding techniques were examined. The types of the fumes and the amount of the released gases during these two welding processes were measured and compared. The results proved that the solid state friction stir welding is clean, cost effective and environment friendly process as opposed to the conventional metal inert gas arc welding.

scholarly journals Comprehensive Analysis of the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Friction-Stir-Welded Low-Carbon High-Strength Steels with Tensile Strengths Ranging from 590 MPa to 1.5 GPa

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 5728
Author(s):  
HyeonJeong You ◽  
Minjung Kang ◽  
Sung Yi ◽  
Soongkeun Hyun ◽  
Cheolhee Kim
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Test ◽  
Joint Strength ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
High Strength Steels ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Welding Processes

High-strength steels are being increasingly employed in the automotive industry, requiring efficient welding processes. This study analyzed the materials and mechanical properties of high-strength automotive steels with strengths ranging from 590 MPa to 1500 MPa, subjected to friction stir welding (FSW), which is a solid-phase welding process. The high-strength steels were hardened by a high fraction of martensite, and the welds were composed of a recrystallized zone (RZ), a partially recrystallized zone (PRZ), a tempered zone (TZ), and an unaffected base metal (BM). The RZ exhibited a higher hardness than the BM and was fully martensitic when the BM strength was 980 MPa or higher. When the BM strength was 780 MPa or higher, the PRZ and TZ softened owing to tempered martensitic formation and were the fracture locations in the tensile test, whereas BM fracture occurred in the tensile test of the 590 MPa steel weld. The joint strength, determined by the hardness and width of the softened zone, increased and then saturated with an increase in the BM strength. From the results, we can conclude that the thermal history and size of the PRZ and TZ should be controlled to enhance the joint strength of automotive steels.

Advanced submerged arc welding processes for Arctic structures and ice-going vessels

2016 ◽  
Vol 232 (1) ◽  
pp. 114-127
Author(s):  
Pavel Layus ◽  
Paul Kah ◽  
Viktor Gezha
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Arc Welding ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Submerged Arc Welding ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Correct Selection ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Welding Processes ◽  
Submerged Arc

The Arctic region is expected to play an extremely prominent role in the future of the oil and gas industry as growing demand for natural resources leads to greater exploitation of a region that holds about 25% of the world’s oil and gas reserves. It has become clear that ensuring the necessary reliability of Arctic industrial structures is highly dependent on the welding processes used and the materials employed. The main challenge for welding in Arctic conditions is prevention of the formation of brittle fractures in the weld and base material. One mitigating solution to obtain sufficiently low-transition temperatures of the weld is use of a suitable welding process with properly selected parameters. This work provides a comprehensive review with experimental study of modified submerged arc welding processes used for Arctic applications, such as narrow gap welding, multi-wire welding, and welding with metal powder additions. Case studies covered in this article describe welding of Arctic steels such as X70 12.7-mm plate by multi-wire welding technique. Advanced submerged arc welding processes are compared in terms of deposition rate and welding process operational parameters, and the advantages and disadvantages of each process with respect to low-temperature environment applications are listed. This article contributes to the field by presenting a comprehensive state-of-the-art review and case studies of the most common submerged arc welding high deposition modifications. Each modification is reviewed in detail, facilitating understanding and assisting in correct selection of appropriate welding processes and process parameters.

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